SwePub - sökning: WFRF:(Sjöberg Niklas)

Numrering	Referens	Omslagsbild	Hitta
1.	Altermark, Niklas, et al. (författare) The Politics of Methodology : examining inclusive Research for People With Learning Difficulties 2012 Ingår i: Pondering on Methods : A Variety of Methodological Concerns - A Variety of Methodological Concerns. - 9172673400 ; , s. 69-80 Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
2.	Andersen, Paul Krüger, et al. (författare) Response to the Proposal for a Directive on Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence by Nordic and Baltic Company Law Scholars 2022 Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract On February 23, 2022, The EU Commission published its Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council on Corporate Sustainability Due Diligence and amending Directive (EU) 2019/1937 (“CSDDD” or “the Proposal”). The purpose of the Proposal, to further the “Union’s transition to a climate-neutral and green economy in line with the European Green Deal and in delivering on the UN Sustainable Development Goals”, is of great importance, and the Commission’s initiative is therefore commendable. However, it is our firm opinion that the Proposal should not be enacted in its present form, and that if it were to be, it would not only damage European businesses but also run the risk of having an adverse effect on both the transition to a climate-neutral economy as well as the goal of delivering on the UN Sustainable Development Goals. This is to a large extent because many of the Proposal’s provisions are excessive, unfounded and disproportionate and as such in violation of the fundamental principles of subsidiarity and proportionality safeguarded by Art. 5 TEU as well as having a questionable basis in Art. 50 TFEU. Furthermore and in regard of procedure, we find that the presentation of the Proposal by the Commission represents a disregard for the principles of better regulation that should not pass unnoticed and must be observed in the future to maintain trust in the legislative process of the Union.In this response to the consultation, we have presented an analysis of the key issues of the Proposal from a corporate governance perspective. We have divided the response into two parts: one on the pure corporate governance parts of the Proposal (article 15, 25 and 26) and one of the due diligence parts of the Proposal. With regards to the corporate governance parts of the Proposal, our conclusion is that they, by and large, should not be included in the proposed directive at all. Including them would in several ways be in breach of the EU principles on subsidiarity and proportionality, but perhaps more importantly, they are not only unsubstantiated by available empirical evidence on corporate behaviour, but also refuted by what we know. There is also good reason to believe that the proposed rules on director’s duties and environmental remuneration would risk decreasing the effectiveness of the stock markets within the EU contrary to the goal of a Capital Market Union, which also risk slowing down the necessary transition to a green economy and the goals of the EU Green Deal. The regulation necessary for the Capital Market Union and the EU Green Deal should complement each other, not collide as would be the outcome if the Proposal is adopted in its present form.With regards to the due diligence parts of the Proposal, our criticism is limited to corporate governance aspects and far less fundamental. We primarily believe that grounds for harmonisation needs further consideration in the present very challenging times, that Article 22 on Civil Liability might in several ways be counter-productive to the goals of the Proposal, that the effects on SMEs as well as for the financial companies included covered by the Proposal warrants further analysis, that the choice to focus the Proposal on individual companies instead of company groups needs to be reviewed, and that a risk based approach should be taken rather than an approach were companies are unable to focus their efforts to where they can be most effective. Overall, these issues can be worked out, but if they are not, then the proposed directive would not only have a severe adverse impact on EU companies and possibly capital markets, but might actually hinder EU companies from acting in the way that the Proposal aims for them to do.This joint response to the public consultation is made by a group of Nordic and Baltic company law scholars who, although we may not agree on every detail, do share the main arguments and grave concerns expressed here.
3.	Bengtsson, Daniel, et al. (författare) Zipper performance when mixing ADSL and VDSL in terms of reach and capacity 1997 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract In this contribution we have examined how the maximum reach vary at different bit rates on a VDSL system, when different numbers of ADSL and VDSL systems share the same binder. In this context it is concluded that when using the Zipper duplex scheme, VDSL can coexist with ADSL in the same binder without a significant degradation in reach. Further, it is shown that the Zipper duplex scheme secure that ADSL is not disturbed by NEXT from VDSL The Zipper performance has also been compared with both a TDD proposal and a FDD proposal. The results from this comparison shows that Zipper outperforms FDD and TDD in terms of extended reach at all studied mixes of ADSL and VDSL sharing the same binder. For example with a moderate number (5) of ADSL disturbers, the Zipper reach is 150 meters longer than for TDD, and is 350 meters longer than for FDD when studying the medium range asymmetrical bit rate (26:3.2 Mbps).
4.	Bergström, Ulf, et al. (författare) Storskarvens (Phalacrocorax carbo) ekologi, roll i ekosystemet och effekter på fiskbestånd : Sammanställning av kunskap och kunskapsbehov 2023 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Det råder kunskapsbrist om storskarvens ekologi i svenska akvatiska ekosystem och hur fiskpopulationer och ekosystem påverkas av storskarv i olika områden. Framförallt behövs bättre underlag om skarvarnas födoval, födosöksbeteende, antal och migrationer för att kunna bedöma påverkan på fiskpopulationer och ekosystem. Grundläggande underlag om storskarvens biologi, för bättre förståelse av dess ekologiska roll, bör samlas in genom standardiserad och internationellt samordnad övervakning. Akvatiska ekosystem är komplexa och sammanlänkade, med flera arter och ekologiska processer som samverkar med varandra. Fiskpopulationer påverkas även av en rad andra faktorer än predation från storskarv, både biologiska och icke-biologiska. Det kan därför vara svårt att separera effekter från storskarv från annan påverkan. Att dra generella slutsatser om storskarvens påverkan på olika fiskpopulationer i olika områden och under olika tidsperioder är därför svårt. Generellt verkar påverkan från storskarv på fiskpopulationer vara liten i friska ekosystem. Dock verkar skarvpredation kunna ha negativ påverkan på specifika fiskpopulationer, i synnerhet svaga populationer som även påverkas negativt av andra faktorer. För att förbättra kunskapsläget är det viktigt att förvaltningsåtgärder som syftar till att minska storskarvens påverkan på fiskpopulationer följs upp vetenskapligt. Dessa förvaltningsåtgärder bör om möjligt samordnas med andra åtgärder för att öka förståelsen av vilka påverkansfaktorer som har störst betydelse för olika fiskpopulationer.
5.	Bohman, Patrik, et al. (författare) Habitatförbättring och utvärdering genom uppskattning av kräftyngel 2020 Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
6.	Bryhn, Andreas, et al. (författare) Fisk- och skaldjursbestånd i hav och sötvatten 2019 : Resursöversikt 2020 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Fisken i havet är en resurs som rör sig fritt över nationella gränser. EU har därför en gemensam fiskeripolitik (GFP). Många arter som är viktiga för Sverige regleras inte i GFP och förvaltas därför nationellt.Denna rapport syftar till att:beskriva utvecklingen av fiskeripolitikenförklara den nuvarande politikens mål och regelverk och dess relation till mål och regler på miljöområdetförklara politikens nationella genomförande och det nationella handlingsutrymmetexemplifiera hur Havs- och vattenmyndigheten arbetat med att reglera fisket.
7.	Bryhn, Andreas, et al. (författare) Fisk- och skaldjursbestånd i hav och sötvatten 2020 : Resursöversikt 2021 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract I rapporten kan du ta del av bedömningen som görs av situationen för bestånd som regleras inom ramen för EU:s gemensamma fiskeripolitik (GFP). Bedömningarna baseras på det forskningssamarbete och den rådgivning som sker inom det Internationella Havsforskningsrådet (ICES). Totalt redovisas underlag och råd för 48 fisk- och skaldjursarter.De bestånd som förvaltas nationellt baseras på de biologiska underlagen, och rådgivningen i huvudsak på den forskning och övervakning samt analys som bedrivs av Institutionen för akvatiska resurser vid Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU Aqua) samt yrkesfiskets rapportering.
8.	Butler, Simon, et al. (författare) An Investigation of Work Practices Used by Companies Making Contributions to Established OSS Projects 2018 Ingår i: ICSE-SEIP '18 Proceedings of the 40th International Conference on Software Engineering: Software Engineering in Practice. - New York : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 9781450356596 ; , s. 201-210 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Professionals contribute to open source software (OSS) projects aspart of their employment. Previous research has addressed motivationsof individuals and the ways they engage with OSS projects.However, there is a lack of research which examines and explainswork practices used by companies in their engagement with projects.Work practices used by companies to contribute to five establishedOSS projects are investigated through examination of the actions ofemployees in public communication channels and draw on our experienceswhen analysing engagement with the same projects. Wefind that companies utilise work practices for contributing whichare congruent with the circumstances and their capabilities thatsupport their short and long term needs. We find that companiescontribute to OSS projects in different ways, such as employing coreproject developers, making donations, and joining project steeringcommittees in order to advance strategic interests.
9.	De Brabandere, Heidi, et al. (författare) Screening for Organic Phosphorus Compounds in Aquatic Sediments by Liquid Chromatography Coupled to ICP-AES and ESI-MS/MS 2008 Ingår i: Analytical Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0003-2700 .- 1520-6882. ; 80:17, s. 6689-6697 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The structures of organic phosphorous (P) compounds in aquatic sediments are to a large extent unknown although these compounds are considered to play an important role in regulating lake trophic status. To enhance identification of these compounds, a liquid chromatography (LC) method for their separation was developed. The stationary phase was porous graphitic carbon (PGC), and the mobile phases used in the gradient elution were compatible with both inductive coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). With LC-ICP-AES, eight different P containing peaks could be observed in the P chromatogram indicating that at least eight different P compounds were separated. With the setup of an information dependent acquisition (IDA) with ESI-MS/MS, the mass over charge (m/z) of compounds containing a phosphate group (H2PO3−, m/z 97) could be measured and further fragmentation experiments gave additional information on the structure of almost 40 separated P compounds, several were verified to be nucleotides. ICP-AES was very suitable in the development of the LC method and allowed screening and quantification of P compounds. The presented LC-ESI-MS/MS technique was able to identify several sediment organic P compounds.
10.	Dekker, Willem, et al. (författare) Assessment of the eel stock in Sweden, spring 2018 : third post-evaluation of the Swedish Eel Management Plan 2018 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
11.	Dekker, Willem, et al. (författare) Assessment of the eel stock in Sweden, spring 2021 : fourth post-evaluation of the Swedish eel management 2021 Rapport (refereegranskat)abstract For decades, the population of the European eel has been in severe decline. In 2007, the European Union decided on a Regulation establishing measures for the recovery of the stock, which obliged Member States to implement a national Eel Management Plan by 2009. Sweden submitted its plan in 2008. According to the Regulation, Member States shall report regularly to the EU-Commission, on the implementation of their Eel Management Plans and the progress achieved in protection and restoration. The current report provides an assessment of the eel stock in Sweden as of spring 2021, intending to feed into the national reporting to the EU later this year. This report updates and extends the reports by Dekker (2012, 2015) and Dekker et al. (2018).In this report, the impacts on the stock - of fishing, restocking and mortality related to hydropower generation - are assessed. Other anthropogenic impacts (climate change, pollution, increased impacts of predators, spread of parasites, disruption of migration due to disorientation after transport, and so forth) probably have an impact on the stock too, but these factors are hardly quantifiable and no management targets have been set. For that reason, and because most factors were not included in the EU Eel Regulation, these other factors are not included in this technical evaluation. Our focus is on the quantification of biomass of silver eel escaping from continental waters towards the ocean (current, current potential and pristine) and mortality risks endured by those eels during their whole lifetime. The assessment is broken down on a geographical basis, with different impacts dominating in different areas (west coast, inland waters, Baltic coast).In 2011, a break in the downward trend of the number of glass eel was observed throughout Europe, the trend since being upward, but erratic. Whether that relates to recent protective actions, or is due to other factors, is yet unclear. This report contributes to the required international assessment, but does not discuss the causing factors behind that recent trend and the overall status of the stock across Europe.
12.	Dekker, Willem, et al. (författare) Assessment of the fishing impact on the silver eel stock in the Baltic using survival analysis 2013 Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. - : Canadian Science Publishing. - 0706-652X .- 1205-7533. ; 70:12, s. 1673-1684 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Restoration of the depleted stock of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla (L.)) requires anthropogenic impacts to bequantified, reduced, and controlled. In this article, we assess the impact of the silver eel fishery on the Baltic Coast in Sweden, applying survival analysis to 60 years of mark–recapture experiments, involving 8000 recaptures out of 18 000 releases. Thehazard of being recaptured (overall 46%) varies along the coast and declined substantially over the decades. But, most notably,the hazard for the individual diminishes strongly after the first kilometres en route. This individualized hazard disqualifies themore traditional mark–recapture methodology, which assumes random recaptures. We advocate the general use of survivalanalysis for conventional mark–recapture data. The result of our analysis indicates that the impact of the fishery just prior the2009 fishing restrictions was in the order of 10%—in itself well within sustainability limits, though only but one of the factors contributing to the mortality in the Baltic Sea.
13.	Dekker, Willem, et al. (författare) Utvärdering av den svenska ålförvaltningen 2016 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Sammanfattning och utvärdering Europas ålbestånd har minskat kraftigt. Trots att tillbakagången har noterats sedan decennier har det tagit mycket lång tid innan effektiva åtgärder vidtagits. Rapporter om en nedgående trend kom redan år 1968 och sedan 1980 har antalet nyrekryterade ålar som når Europa årligen minskat med hela 15 % i genomsnitt. Detta är en indikation på att reproduktionen i västra Atlanten (söder om Bermuda) kan ha försämrats. Ändå har inte en skydds- och återhämtningsplan för den europeiska ålen upprättats förrän år 2007. Det traditionella ålfisket bedrivs småskaligt med relativt enkla redskap, i sjöar, vattendrag och längs med kusten. Fisket påverkas av vad som händer i närområdet, så som lokala utsläpp och vandringshinder i form av exempelvis vattenkraft. Samtidigt med de lokala, småskaliga perspektiven så utgör ålen enskilt det mest utbredda fiskbeståndet i Europa. Ålen är den enda fisk som förekommer i alla EU:s medlemsstater, ger sysselsättning för fler människor än något annat fiskebestånd och som länkar samman helt olika livsmiljöer, från öppna hav, kustområden, stora sjöar och floder till små sjöar och de minsta bäckar. All ål (förutom havsål, Conger) i Europa och angränsande områden tillhör samma art och även ett och samma bestånd. Även om livsmiljöerna är vitt skilda med tusentals floder och miljontals sjöar och mindre vattendrag så är det samma bestånd man fiskar på och det är samma bestånd som utsätts för all slags lokal påverkan. Nedgången av ålbeståndet är en gemensam angelägenhet för alla länder i Europa. Men, vi vet inte om ål från alla delar av Europa verkligen bidrar till reproduktionen i Atlanten i närheten av Bermuda. Kanske är en del av utbredningsområdet viktigare och resten är mera en slags diaspora? Oavsett medför försiktighetsansatsen att ålen skall ges tillräckligt skydd varhelst den förekommer, över hela kontinenten och i varje enskilt land. Kontrasten mellan det lokala småskaliga fisket och ålens kontinentala utbredning har gjort att det tagit långt tid att skapa en ansvarsfull förvaltning och att inrätta en adekvat skyddsplan. Enskilda fiskare och regeringar har noterat den pågående nedgången, men inte haft överblick över ålens situation i Europa. På egen hand har ingen av dem haft någon möjlighet att vända trenden. Skydd och ansvarsfull hantering av ålen kräver en gemensam europeisk strategi. Strategin måste införas i ett mycket stort antal mindre områden över hela kontinenten. År 2007 antog den Europeiska unionen en förordning om åtgärder för återhämtning av ålbeståndet i Europa. Sverige har spelat en aktiv roll i utvecklingen av denna så kallade Ålförordning. EU:s strategi har varit att fastställa ett gemensamt mål för alla länder och att enhetliga och kvantifierbara verktyg skall utformas för att nå dessa mål. Varje land har ansvar för sina lokala problem och ska göra egna nationella bedömningar. Man ska också kontakta sina grannländer om det behövs. Genom att kombinera en gemensam ambition och ett gemensamt riktmärke med lokalt anpassade åtgärder, inklusive utvärderingar, har Ålförordningen slutligen kunna bryta en lång serie av misslyckanden inom ålförvaltningen. Det långsiktiga syftet med EU:s Ålförordning är "skydd och hållbart nyttjande av det europeiska ålbeståndet". För detta har ett mål för återställandet av beståndet formulerats: "Syftet [är] ... att minska den antropogena mortaliteten [till en viss nivå, som anses hållbar]". En lägre dödlighet kommer således att öka antalet ålar som vandrar mot reproduktionsområdet i Atlanten. I enlighet med Ålförordningen är medlemsstaterna skyldiga att förverkliga sina nationella förvaltningsplaner för ål från år 2009. Sverige lämnade in sin plan år 2008 och arbetet med att genomföra planen pågår. Som i andra länder är den svenska ålproblematiken och därmed också planen komplex. Den svenska Ålförvaltningsplanen anger som ett allmänt mål att skydda Sveriges andel av beståndet så att det når en nivå som " vänder utvecklingen från minskande till ökande ålrekrytering". Sedan 2009 har fiskebegränsningar genomförts, och fler ålyngel har transporterats hit från Atlantkusten för att stärka våra bestånd genom utsättning i svenska vatten. Även några ytterligare åtgärder av mindre kvantitativ betydelse för ålbeståndet har vidtagits. I samband med 2015 års regleringsbrev har Havs- och vattenmyndigheten (HaV) tilldelats ett regeringsuppdrag att analysera behovet av och vid behov föreslå revidering av Ålförvaltningsplanen. HaV har, i sin tur, beställt från SLU Aqua att rapportera om det aktuella läget och att bidra till utvärderingen. Denna "Aqua reports" presenterar den tillgängliga informationen, sammanfattar tidigare nationell och internationell rapportering samt utvärderar resultaten. Fisket på den svenska västkusten stängdes helt under våren 2012. Det kommer dock att ta många år till att beståndet återhämtat sig från det tidigare överfisket. Eftersom det inte finns något program för uppföljning och övervakning är status för återhämtningen på västkusten oklar. Förmodligen är bidraget till lekbeståndet fortfarande mycket litet (2012 års uppskattning var 12 ton, för 2015 är det okänt). Sedan genomförandet av den svenska förvaltningsplanen 2009 har utsättningarna ökat på västkusten i form av ålyngel som importerats från England och Frankrike. Men dessa utsättningar kommer inte att bidra till lekflykten förrän många år senare och kvantiteterna är mycket små i jämförelse med det naturliga beståndet (samma utlåtande, dvs. relativt små mängder i förhållande till det naturliga beståndet, gäller även de utsättningar som görs på Östersjökusten, något som diskuteras längre fram). På Östersjökusten är fisket riktat efter ål som vandrar mot lekplatsen i Atlanten. Dessa blankålar kan ha vuxit upp var som helst i Östersjöområdet, i andra länder, i sötvatten, längs kusten eller i skärgårdarna. Bidraget från Östersjön som helhet är stort (2012 års uppskattning var 3 770 ton vilket är en tredjedel av vad som rapporterades från Europa totalt). Det svenska kustfisket tar bara några få procent av dessa vandringsålar men mycket kan ha hänt innan dessa ålar blev fångstbara i svenska fisket. Många faktorer påverkar ålen i hela Östersjöområdet och dessa faktorer är inte väl kända. Inom ramen för HELCOM Baltic Sea Action Plan är Sverige ledande land för en gemensam förvaltning av ålen sedan 2009. En inventering av tillgänglig information samt en plan för forskningssamarbete har tagits fram, men ingen samordning har kommit till stånd. Situationen i inlandsvattnen är mer komplex än den på kusten. Vandringshinder i åar och älvar blockerar invandringen av ålyngel från havet. Fångst och uppsamling av invandrande ålyngel, som sedan flyttas uppströms, är något som praktiserats i vårt land i mer än ett sekel. Mängden uppsamlade ålyngel har minskat till låga nivåer i takt med den minskade rekryteringen. Sedan 1990 har de ersatts av ålyngel importerade från England och Frankrike. Fisket fångar ungefär en tredjedel av produktionen och fyrtio procent dör av vattenkraftsrelaterade orsaker. Något över en fjärdedel vandrar ner till havet (2014: nästan 100 ton). Som en kompensation för den vattenkraftsrelaterade dödligheten, så har ålar fångats för att sedan transporterats ner mot havet, och kompensatoriska utsättningar har gjorts direkt i havet på västkusten. Nettoeffekten av dagens ålfiskevårdsåtgärder är att utvandringen av blankål för lek, så kallade lekflyktingar, faktiskt minskat med ungefär tio procent sedan den svenska Ålförvaltningsplanen började gälla. Det är till stor del en konsekvens av vad som hände under tidigt 2000-tal (mindre import och utsättning av ålyngel från utlandet), och inte av dagens åtgärder. Dagens skyddsnivå för ålen i sötvatten är dock långt under målen i EU:s Ålförordning, och det gäller även i förhållande till målen i vår nationella Ålförvaltningsplan. Utan utsättning av ålyngel skulle det knappast finnas någon ål i våra sjöar och vattendrag, utan ett fiske skulle det inte finnas någon ål för nedtransport med lastbil förbi kraftverk (s.k. Trap & transport) och utan vattenkraften ingen ekonomisk bas för åtgärder, något av en Moment 22 situation. Det är svårt att ange om Sverige som helhet för närvarande uppfyller kraven i Ålförordningen, och har uppnått målen i sin Ålförvaltningsplan. Det skulle kräva att vi lägger till aktuella uppskattningar av blankålsproduktionen från västkusten (okänd), till det som kommer från sötvatten (komplext) och från Östersjökusten (ofullständigt). Uppenbarligen är nuvarande skyddsnivå skyddsnivå Aqua reports 2016:11 maximal på västkusten, långt därifrån i sötvatten och ofullständig längs med Östersjöns kuster. Trots att den föreskrivna långsiktiga, landsomfattande skyddsnivån kan ha uppnåtts så är bidraget på kort sikt försumbart, då antalet blankålar som lämnar vårt territorium knappt hunnit förändrats sedan genomförandet av Ålförvaltningsplanen. Slutligen beskriver vi det övergripande skyddet av ålbeståndet i Europa och hur sannolikheten är att nedgången har stoppats eller vänts till att öka. De första skyddsåtgärderna enligt Ålförordningen genomfördes under 2009. För de flesta skyddsåtgärder och i många områden (t.ex. den svenska västkusten) kommer det att ta många år innan man kan förvänta sig större effekt på produktionen av lekvandrande ålar. Men det finns åtgärder direkt kopplade till lekflykten, som kan få effekt redan ett par år efter införandet. Skyddsåtgärder som sattes in hösten 2009
14.	Ehrnberg, Ellinor, 1966, et al. (författare) Technological change, competition and firm performance 1991 Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
15.	Engström, Christian, et al. (författare) Homogenization of the Maxwell equations using Floquet-Bloch decomposition 2003 Ingår i: Mathematical and numerical waves 2003. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer. - 9783642558566 - 354040127X ; , s. 412-416 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract Using Bloch waves to represent the full solution of the Maxwell equations inperiodic media, we study the limit process where the material's period becomes much smaller than the wavelenght. it is seen that effective material parameters can be extracted and explicity represented in terms of the non-vanishing Bloch waves, providing an alternative means of homogenization.
16.	Engström, Christian, et al. (författare) Homogenization of the Maxwell equations using Floquet-Bloch decomposition 2003 Ingår i: ; , s. 412-416 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
17.	Ericsson, Andreas, et al. (författare) A combined electromagnetic and acoustic analysis of a triaxial carbon fiber weave for reflector antenna applications 2016 Ingår i: Aerospace Science and Technology. - : Elsevier. - 1270-9638 .- 1626-3219. ; 58, s. 401-417 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Fiber composites are widely used for space applications such as antennas, solar panels and spacecraft support structures. This paper presents a combined electromagnetic and acoustic analysis of a triaxial carbon fiber weave structure, designed for ultra lightweight reflector antennas in satellite communication systems. The electromagnetic and acoustic performance of the structure are analyzed over a wide range of parametric studies, both at a microscopic and mesoscopic length scale. The electromagnetic study indicates that the main parameter governing the electromagnetic reflection performance of the weave is the electric conductivity of the carbon fibers, given that the weave structure is significantly smaller than the wavelength of the incident signals. The acoustic study identifies a critical threshold in the mesoscale geometry in order to avoid a critically high resistive behavior of the weave structure, driven by viscous effects. Design guidelines are drawn from these analyses in order to achieve a trade-off between the electromagnetic reflection properties and the resistance to acoustic loading of such composite materials. These combined analyses allow to deepen the understanding from both an electromagnetic and acoustic perspective in order to open for some new design possibilities.
18.	Ericsson, Andreas, et al. (författare) Electromagnetic Homogenization of a Composite Reflector Antenna Surface 2014 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
19.	Forsgard, Niklas, et al. (författare) Screening and identification of aluminium-containing biomolecules by column-switched LC-ICP-MS and LC-ESI-MS/MS 2007 Ingår i: Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 0267-9477 .- 1364-5544. ; 22:11, s. 1397-1402 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
20.	Granstrand, Ove, 1944, et al. (författare) External Technology Acquisition in Large Multi-Technology Corporations 1992 Ingår i: R&D Management. ; 22:2, s. 111-133 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
21.	Janerot-Sjöberg, Birgitta, 1958-, et al. (författare) Influence of respiration on myocardial signal intensity 2001 Ingår i: Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology. - 0301-5629 .- 1879-291X. ; 27:4, s. 473-479 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Echocardiographic quantification of myocardial perfusion after IV contrast is possible, based on the intensity of the received intermittent second harmonic signal. To investigate the influence of respiration on the intensity of myocardial signals, we examined nine patients with normal coronary angiograms. At baseline, end-expiratory and end-inspiratory images were obtained in broadband radiofrequency (RF) and intermittent second harmonic modes, the latter repeated during IV contrast at rest and at peak stress. In mid-septum at baseline, end-inspiratory integrated backscatter intensity was 4 dB higher (p < 0.05, both in second harmonic and fundamental domains) than end-expiratory intensity. In second harmonic imaging, contrast increased signal intensity by 4 dB (p < 0.05) in six examined segments, but the increase in the midseptal region (2 dB) was not significant. Contrast-enhanced intensity at end-inspiration was higher (3 dB, p < 0.01) than baseline intensity at end-expiration. We conclude that the increase in myocardial signal intensity during inspiration may resemble the contrast effect in intermittent second harmonic mode. The respiratory variation persists after contrast and may mask or exaggerate the effect of myocardial contrast.
22.	Nilsson, Kent W., et al. (författare) Transcription Factor Activating Protein-2β (TFAP-2β) genotype and symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in relation to symptoms of depression in two independent samples 2014 Ingår i: European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. - Berlin Heidelberg : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1018-8827 .- 1435-165X. ; 23:4, s. 207-217 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The Transcription Factor Activating Protein-2β (TFAP-2β) gene has been shown to influence monoaminergic neurotransmission, and several genes important for monoaminergic function have binding sites for TFAP-2β. Familial studies of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) suggest a hereditary-determined subtype of ADHD with comorbid depression. We examined a functional variation of the TFAP-2β gene in the context of co-occurring symptoms of ADHD and depression in two independent population-based samples of adolescents (Group A, n = 175 and Group B, n = 1,506) from Sweden. Results indicated 6.1 to 7.8 % of adolescents screened positively for ADHD and depression symptoms. Symptoms of depression were more common among girls who screened positively for ADHD and did not carry the nine-repeat allele of the TFAP-2β intron 1 Variable Number Tandem Repeat (VNTR) polymorphism. The presence of the nine-repeat variant of the TFAP-2β intron 1 VNTR appears to protect girls with ADHD symptoms from the co-expression of symptoms of depression.
23.	Ricklund, Niklas, et al. (författare) Luften i Sverige 2009 2011 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
24.	Riegger, Lea, 1991, et al. (författare) Centralized MPC for Autonomous Intersection Crossing 2016 Ingår i: IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference, November 1-4, 2016, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (2016). - 9781509018895 ; , s. 1372-1377 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract This paper develops a method for a safe and autonomous intersection crossing. A centralized system controls autonomous vehicles within a certain surrounding of the intersection and generates optimized trajectories for all vehicles in the area. A recently proposed design approach, [10], where this problem is expressed as a convex optimization problem using space sampling instead of time sampling, is formulated as a MPC problem solved by a QP algorithms so that it can be executed in real time. The MPC controller is then integrated in CarMaker using Matlab/Simulink so that the controller can be validated against the advanced vehicle models and sensor models available in CarMaker. Preliminary results of this validation are presented. Also, a method is designed to obtain time gaps between the vehicles to prevent the optimization problem to become infeasible when sensors give noisy measurements.
25.	Salahshor, Sima, et al. (författare) Low frequency of E-cadherin alterations in familial breast cancer 2001 Ingår i: Breast Cancer Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1465-5411 .- 1465-542X. ; 3:3, s. 199-207 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In order to explore the possible role of E-cadherin in familial cancer, 19 familial breast cancer patients, whose tumours demonstrated loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at the E-cadherin locus, were screened for germline mutations. No pathogenic germline alterations were detected in these individuals. However, a somatic mutation was found (49-2A-->C) in one of the tumours. This tumour showed a pattern of both ductal and lobular histology. Another 10 families with cases of breast, gastric and colon cancer were also screened for germline mutations, and no mutations were found. A missense mutation in exon 12 of E-cadherin (1774G-->A; Ala592Thr) was previously found in one family with diffuse gastric cancer, and colon and breast cancer. An allelic association study was performed to determine whether the Ala592Thr alteration predisposes to breast cancer. In total, we studied 484 familial breast cancer patients, 614 sporadic breast cancer patients and 497 control individuals. The frequencies of this alteration were similar in these groups. However, a correlation between the Ala592Thr alteration and ductal comedo-type tumour was seen. These results, together with previously reported studies, indicate that germline mutations and, more commonly, somatic mutations in E-cadherin may have an influence on the behaviour of the tumours, rather than predispose to breast cancer.
26.	Sjöberg, Daniel, et al. (författare) A Floquet-Bloch decomposition of Maxwell's equations, applied to homogenization 2005 Ingår i: Multiscale Modeling & simulation. - : Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics. - 1540-3459 .- 1540-3467. ; 4:1, s. 149-171 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Using Bloch waves to represent the full solution of Maxwell's equations in periodic media, we study the limit where the material's period becomes much smaller than the wavelength. It is seen that for steady state fields, only a few of the Bloch waves contribute to the full solution. Effective material parameters can be explicitly represented in terms of dyadic products of the mean values of the nonvanishing Bloch waves, providing a new means of homogenization. The representation is valid for an arbitrary wave vector in the first Brillouin zone.
27.	Sjöberg, Daniel, et al. (författare) A Floquet-Bloch decomposition of Maxwell's equations, applied to homogenization 2003 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Using Bloch waves to represent the full solution of Maxwell’s equations in periodic media, we study the limit where the material’s period becomes much smaller than the wavelength. It is seen that for steady-state ﬁelds, only a few of the Bloch waves contribute to the full solution. Effective material parameters can be explicitly represented in terms of dyadic products of the mean values of the non-vanishing Bloch waves, providing a new means of homogenization. The representation is valid for an arbitrary wave vector in the ﬁrst Brillouin zone.
28.	Sjöberg, Daniel, et al. (författare) A Floquet-Bloch decomposition of Maxwell's equations, applied to homogenization 2005 Ingår i: Multiscale Modeling & simulation. - 1540-3459 .- 1540-3467. ; 4:1, s. 149-171 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
29.	Sjöberg, Daniel, et al. (författare) A homogenization procedure for microstructured resistive sheets 2014 Ingår i: [Host publication title missing]. ; , s. 1-4 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract A thin resistive sheet is described by its sheet conductance, and the electric and magnetic dipole moments per unit area. All three properties can be controlled by the material parameters and geometry of the sheet, for instance by making a periodic pattern of holes in it. A mathematical analysis of the low frequency limit of Maxwell's equations in a periodic setting generates a hierarchy of local problems which can be used to compute the conductance and electric and magnetic polarizability per unit area of the microstructured sheet. We present results from a numerical implementation of these local problems, and discuss the region of validity for the asymptotic solution.
30.	Sjöberg, Daniel, et al. (författare) Stability and Causality of effective material parameters for biased ferromagnetic materials 2008 Ingår i: XXIXth General Assembly, URSI. Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
31.	Sjöberg, Frank, et al. (författare) Digital RFI suppression in DMT-based VDSL systems 1998 Ingår i: ICT '98. ; , s. 189-193 Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract In this paper we describe a method for supressing Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) in Discrete Multitone (DMT) based Very High bit rate Digital Subscriber Line systems. The method operates in the frequency domain of a DMT-system. It is based on a Taylor-expanded transfer function which maps the disturbance from the RF-signal onto the DMT-carriers. By measuring the RF-disturbance on a few unmodulated DMT-carriers we are able to subtract estimates of the disturbance from every modulated DMT-carrier. The RF-signal is assumed to be an unknown narrowband signal. Simulation results show that this method, applied to an RFI-signal with the same average power as the VDSL-signal, reduces the SNR-loss from about 20 dB to less than 1 dB.
32.	Sjöberg, Hans Gustaf (författare) Reglering av banker 2018 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The subject of this dissertation is the regulation of banks. The enquiry is built around three overreaching research questions:1. What is a bank?2. Why do banks have to be regulated?3. How should banks be regulated? Each of these three questions is dedicated a separate and comprehensive section, each consisting of several chapters. Even though the subject is jurisprudence, the perspective of the enquiry is chiefly that of economics, more precisely finance, and the overriding aim is to find socially desirable legal solutions. To a large extent this is achieved through a process of identifying socially desirable goals for legislation and discussing different legal means of achieving them. The overall aim is socially optimal regulatory solutions, which is what makes the enquiry jurisprudence. Not only economic analysis plays a part in the process of finding legal solutions, but legal principles and limitations of different kinds also have an important role, for example requirements of legal certainty. One way of describing the enquiry is to say that it starts with the identification of the fundamental functions of banks from an economic perspective and ends just before the formulation of concrete legal rules. One could say that the legislator is pointed in desired directions and legal solutions are suggested, but that concrete rules are not formulated. The enquiry is primarily focused on market failures related to information asymmetries. Negative external effects do not have the prominent place in this enquiry that they usually do in other works. A central question is how banks’ opaque, and therefore hard to value, assets affect the needed regulation. A starting point for the analysis of regulation is a compilation of reasons to regulate banks. The reasons are divided into what is referred to as fundamental reasons – called reasons of the first order – and reasons that follow from other regulation – called reasons of the second order. The enquiry is about prudential regulation. Capital (own funds) and capital requirements play a central role. Capital is central because it determines robustness and incentives. Capital requirements are seen as a means to achieve adequate levels of capital. The dissertation contains almost no analysis of the law as it stands. Since the enquiry lies in the intersection between law and finance and has a de lege ferenda perspective, the methodological considerations are comprehensive. The regulation of banks pose almost unique challenges when it comes to legal certainty, in so far as there is a built in tension between a need for qualitative judgements, e.g. of various aspects of banks’ activities and business models, and the requirements of legal certainty. A well-functioning crisis management regime should play an important part in banking legislation and this issue is dedicated a chapter. Crisis management is important both ex ante as a governance tool and ex post as the handling of failing banks is important from a societal perspective. The final chapter contains a comprehensive summary of the enquiry’s assessments, conclusions and proposals as well as an element of qualitative elaboration.
33.	Sjöberg, Niklas, et al. (författare) Assessment of the quality of European silver eels and tentative approach to trace the origin of contaminants – A European overview 2020 Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 743 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The European eel is critically endangered. Although the quality of silver eels is essential for their reproduction, little is known about the effects of multiple contaminants on the spawning migration and the European eel management plan does not take this into account. To address this knowledge gap, we sampled 482 silver eels from 12 catchments across Europe and developed methods to assess three aspects of eel quality: muscular lipid content (N = 169 eels), infection with Anguillicola crassus (N = 482), and contamination by persistent organic pollutants (POPs, N = 169) and trace elements (TEs, N = 75). We developed a standardized eel quality risks index (EQR) using these aspects for the subsample of 75 female eels. Among 169 eels, 33% seem to have enough muscular lipids content to reach the Sargasso Sea to reproduce. Among 482 silver eels, 93% were infected by A. crassus at least once during their lifetime. All contaminants were above the limit of quantification, except the 1,2-bis(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)ethane (BTBPE), Ag and V. The contamination by POPs was heterogeneous between catchments while TEs were relatively homogeneous, suggesting a multi-scale adaptation of management plans. The EQR revealed that eels from Warwickshire were most impacted by brominated flame-retardants and agricultural contaminants, those from Scheldt were most impacted by agricultural and construction activities, PCBs, coal burning, and land use, while Frémur eels were best characterized by lower lipid contents and high parasitic and BTBPE levels.There was a positive correlation between EQR and a human footprint index highlighting the capacity of silver eels for biomonitoring human activities and the potential impact on the suitability of the aquatic environment for eel population health. EQR therefore represents a step forward in the standardization and mapping of eel quality risks, which will help identify priorities and strategies for restocking freshwater ecosystems.
34.	Sjöberg, Niklas B., 1972- (författare) Eel migration - results from tagging studies with relevance to management 2015 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract In response to the drastic decline of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla (L.)) fisheries have been reduced and elvers are stocked in areas where natural abundances are low. Are these measures adequate? To answer different aspects of this question, we have analysed more than a century of eel tagging, using both traditional and more novel capture – recapture analyses. Based on these long-term data, we have evaluated the impact of the Swedish eel coastal fisheries using Survival analysis. Our analysis indicates that the fishing mortality just prior the 2009 fishing restrictions were in the order of 10%.More recent tagging programs have focused on issues related to the fate of stocked fish. If and how they migrate out of the Baltic Sea and further on towards the Atlantic Ocean. Both earlier and our new studies reveal that all eels recaptured on the Swedish East Coast, no matter of their origin, migrate at a reasonable speed and direction towards the outlets of the Baltic Sea. Even though it is sometimes difficult to determine their origin, our analyses indicate that stocked fish were scarce among the recaptures. In an experiment on the Swedish West Coast, we knew the individuals’ origin (stocked or wild) and they had similar migration patterns.In contrast, silver eel in Lake Mälaren – assumed to have been stocked as elvers or bootlace eels – seemed to have difficulties in finding the outlets. Instead they overwintered and lost weight. However, weight losses are also significant among non-stocked individuals in the Baltic Sea, both if they overwinter and if they appear to be on their way out from the area. It remains an open question whether eels from the Baltic region in general, and whether the overwintered fish in particular, manage to reach the spawning area in the Atlantic Ocean.Based on current knowledge, I advocate invoking the precautionary approach and to concentrate Swedish eel stockings to the West Coast and allow the young fish to spread out on their own.
35.	Sjöberg, Niklas B., et al. (författare) Effects of the swimbladder parasite Anguillicola crassus on the migration of European silver eels Anguilla anguilla in the Baltic Sea 2009 Ingår i: Journal of Fish Biology. - : Wiley. - 0022-1112 .- 1095-8649. ; 74:9, s. 2158-2170 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In a mark–recapture study in 2006, migrating European Anguilla anguilla silver eels were caught,tagged and released in the Baltic Sea and recaptures in commercial pound nets examined for possibleeffects on migration of infection with the swimbladder parasite Anguillicola crassus. The overallrecapture rate was 36%. The prevalence of infection was lowest at the northernmost sampling site.There were no significant differences between infected and uninfected A. anguilla in conditionindices, body fat content and estimated migration speeds. Parasite infection intensity levels weresignificantly negatively correlated with times and distances covered between release and recapture,but did not correlate with migration speed. It appears that more heavily infected A. anguilla wererelatively more vulnerable to recapture in pound nets. It is hypothesized that parasite-induced damageto the swimbladder inhibited vertical migrations and infected A. anguilla tended to migrate inshallower coastal waters, relatively close to the shore.
36.	Sjöberg, Niklas B., et al. (författare) Migration of eels tagged in the Baltic Sea and Lake Mälaren Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Eels (Anguilla spp) are in decline worldwide and the signs of a reduced recruitment have been observed in continental Europe ever since the early 1970s. In order to protect and recover the European eel, EU (the European Union) decided in 2007 to establish a recovery plan, aiming at protection and restoration. Stocking is, together with reduced fisheries and higher survival when passing hydro-electrical power plants, a measure accepted by the EU, and is today used by many European countries, according to their management plans. In the early 20th century eel stocking programs started in Sweden and in other countries around the Baltic Sea, and in Sweden the responsible authorities encouraged stocking activities already at the end of 19th century.In this study, tagging experiments were conducted to follow eel migration from Lake Mälaren and from four sites along the Swedish east coast in the Baltic Sea. Recaptured tagged eels were retrieved from the fishermen, allowing for the opportunity to investigate origin by otolith microchemistry and to discover morphological differences after tagging. Several changes took place; e.g. eye index increased while weight and condition decreased with migrated distance and time until recapture.A majority of the tagged eels in Lake Mälaren did not migrate out of any of the outlets in the eastern part of the lake, irrespective of their origin. Most of them were caught in the opposite direction and continued to be caught in the lake 1-3 years after tagging, with significant weight losses. Overwintering is suggested to be a poorly chosen option, but it is uncertain whether this is a natural behaviour or a result of translocation and restocking.Concerning coastal eels, origin had no effect on the migration behaviour; a majority of the tagged eels migrated towards the outlet of the Baltic Sea. Interestingly, a minority of the recaptured eels originated from stocked fish. Instead, they were dominated of natural immigrants who had spent most of their lives in brackish waters.
37.	Sjöberg, Niklas, et al. (författare) Migration of eels tagged in the Baltic Sea and Lake Malarenin the context of the stocking question 2017 Ingår i: Ecology of Freshwater Fish. - : Wiley. - 0906-6691 .- 1600-0633. ; 26:4, s. 517-532 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Eels (Anguilla spp.) are in decline worldwide, and the signs of reduced recruitment have been observed in continental Europe since the early 1970s. To aid recovery of the European eel, stocking is used by many European countries as a management option. In this study, tagging experiments were conducted to follow eel migration from Lake Malaren and four sites along the Swedish east coast in the Baltic Sea. The recaptured tagged eels were retrieved from fishermen, allowing for the opportunity to investigate their origin (brackish water, stocked in freshwater or a mix in between) by otolith microchemistry and to assess for morphological differences after tagging. Several changes took place; for example, eye index increased while weight and condition decreased with migrated distance and time until recapture. In Lake Malaren, the majority of tagged eels did not migrate out of the outlets, irrespective of their origin. Most of them were caught in the opposite direction and continued to be caught in the lake 1-3years after tagging, with significant weight losses. Overall, overwintering is suggested to be an inferior option, but it is uncertain whether this is a natural behaviour or a result of translocation and restocking. For coastal eels, origin had no effect on migratory behaviour; a majority of the tagged eels migrated towards the outlet of the Baltic Sea. Interestingly, a minority of the recaptured eels originated from stocked fish. Instead, recaptures were dominated by natural immigrants that had spent most of their lives in brackish waters.
38.	Sjöberg, Rickard L, et al. (författare) Development of depression: sex and the interaction between environment and a promoter polymorphism of the serotonin transporter gene 2006 Ingår i: International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology. - Uppsala Univ, Cent Hosp Vasteras, Clin Res Ctr, S-72189 Vasteras, Sweden. Univ Uppsala, Pharmacol Unit, Dept Neurosci, Uppsala, Sweden. : CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS. - 1461-1457 .- 1469-5111. ; 9:4, s. 443-449 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Previous research has demonstrated that a polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) and adverse psychosocial circumstances interact to predict depression. The purpose of the present study was to explore the extent to which sex modulates these effects. Eighty-one boys and 119 girls (16-19 years old) were interviewed about psychosocial background variables and genotyped for the 5-HTT promoter polymorphism. There were two main results. First, boys and girls carrying the short 5-HTTLPR allele react to different kinds of environmental factors. Whereas males were affected by living in public housing rather than in own owned homes and by living with separated parents, females were affected by traumatic conflicts within the family. Second, the responses of males and females carrying the short 5-HTTLPR allele to environmental stress factors go in opposite directions. Thus, whereas females tend to develop depressive symptoms, males seem to be protected from depression. The results suggest that both the molecular and the psychosocial mechanisms underlying depression may differ between boys and girls.
39.	Sundh, Josefin, 1972-, et al. (författare) Beta-blockeRs tO patieNts with CHronIc Obstructive puLmonary diseasE (BRONCHIOLE) - Study protocol from a randomized controlled trial 2020 Ingår i: Trials. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1745-6215. ; 21:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Observational studies indicate that beta-blockers are associated with a reduced risk of exacerbation and mortality in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) even without overt cardiovascular disease, but data from randomized controlled trials (RCT) are lacking. The aim of this RCT is to investigate whether beta-blocker therapy in patients with COPD without diagnosed cardiovascular disease is associated with a decreased 1-year risk of the composite endpoint of death, exacerbations, or cardiovascular events.Methods: The Beta-blockeRs tO patieNts with CHronIc Obstructive puLmonary diseasE (BRONCHIOLE) study is an open-label, multicentre, prospective RCT. A total of 1700 patients with COPD will be randomly assigned to either standard COPD care and metoprolol at a target dose of 100 mg per day or to standard COPD care only. The primary endpoint is a composite of death, COPD exacerbations, and cardiovascular events. Major exclusion criteria are ischemic heart disease, left-sided heart failure, cerebrovascular disease, critical limb ischemia, and atrial fibrillation/flutter. Study visits are an inclusion visit, a metoprolol titration visit at 1 month, follow-up by telephone at 6 months, and a final study visit after 1 year. Outcome data are obtained from medical history and record review during study visits, as well as from national registries.Discussion: BRONCHIOLE is a pragmatic randomized trial addressing the potential of beta-blockers in patients with COPD. The trial is expected to provide relevant clinical data on the efficacy of this treatment on patient-related outcomes in patients with COPD.
40.	Tatar, Kourosh, 1973-, et al. (författare) Investigation of cutting conditions on tool life in shoulder milling of Ti6Al4V using PVD coated micro-grain carbide insert based on design of experiments 2020 Ingår i: Heliyon. - : Elsevier. - 2405-8440. ; 6:6 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Tool life prediction is generally of great importance in all metal cutting processes, including milling titanium. In this paper, tool life testing was performed based on full factorial design. The cutting speed and width varied between 100 and 120 m/min, and 10 and 70 percent of tool diameter, respectively. All cutting tests were performed in Ti6Al4V under wet conditions using Physical Vapor Deposition (PVD) coated milling inserts. The wear limit was set to 0.2 mm. The data were analyzed using multiple regression analyses, where the method of least squares was applied. A mathematical tool life model was established. Roughly, for each one percent increase in cutting width, tool life decreases on average by one percent, and an increase in cutting speed by a percent leads to a decrease in tool life by four percent. The adequacy of the model was verified using analysis of variance at 95% confidence level. Tool life contour in cutting width and speed was generated from the model. The results can be used for selecting optimum cutting parameters for providing a desired tool life or maximum metal removal rates for a favored tool life.
41.	Unnersjö, Alexander, 1983- (författare) Regress : Begreppet regressrätt och solidarregress 2021 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract The right of recourse is a classic topic within law of obligations that spans traditional divisions into contractual and non-contractual law. Even so, there is a lack of consensus on what the right of recourse really entails. Still, it has been stated that there is an actual or technically correct concept of recourse and it has been suggested that an inability to understand the meaning of this concept can lead to methodological inaccuracies. Recourse, in the context of joint and several liability, is a core area for the legal science discourse on the right of recourse and is, in practice, a very important part of recourse. Such aspects of recourse are often discussed on the basis of broad explanatory models. However, case law reveals that the prevailing explanatory models can fail in providing a transparent and predictable overview of the legal situation and their compatibility with the general functions of joint and several recourse can be questioned.The thesis has two main aims. The first is to identify a concept of recourse that is rational for the legal conversation. The other main aim is to establish the fundaments of the order of recourse that is applied in “joint and several liability” in a broad sense (joint and several recourse).The thesis shows that there are several different views on the meaning of the right of recourse. Several of them seem to be the result of an author’s striving to find a definition that, to the greatest extent possible, can serve as a tool for drawing legal conclusions. In the thesis, existing views of the meaning of the right of recourse are tested against various legal norms wherein the right of recourse is a necessary condition. It is shown that all the presented views are falsified in at least one of the studied normative contexts and that the term “right of recourse” can refer to different concepts in different normative contexts. With a starting point in Carnap’s theory of explanation of vague concepts, a basic definition of “right of recourse” – that can serve as a form of general legal communication tool – is presented in the thesis.In the terminology of the thesis, joint and several liability is at hand in any case where multiple parties are all liable to the same creditor and the obligations are, for some reason, linked in such a way that all debtors are discharged, wholly or partly, by any debtor fulfilling their obligation. A particular order of recourse – joint and several recourse – is connected to the circumstance that all debtors are discharged by any debtor’s performance. The thesis describes the methodology and systematics of joint and several recourse, and the explanation behind this concept, with a basis in its overall functions as a general institute of claims law.
42.	Van Gemert, Rob, et al. (författare) Assessment of the eel stock in Sweden, spring 2024 : fifth post-evaluation of the Swedish eel management 2024 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract For decades, the population of the European eel has been in severe decline. In 2007, the European Union decided on a Regulation establishing measures for the recovery of the stock, which obliged Member States to implement a national Eel Management Plan by 2009. Sweden submitted its plan in 2008. According to the Regulation, Member States shall report regularly to the EU-Commission, on the implementation of their Eel Management Plans and the progress achieved in protection and restoration. The current report provides an assessment of the eel stock in Sweden as of spring 2024, intending to feed into the national reporting to the EU in August this year. This report updates and extends previous evaluation reports by Dekker (2012, 2015) and Dekker et al. (2018, 2021). In this report, the impacts on the stock - of fishing, restocking and mortality related to hydropower generation - are assessed. Other anthropogenic impacts (climate change, pollution, increased impacts of predators, spread of parasites, disruption of migration due to disorientation after transport, and so forth) probably have an impact on the stock too, but these factors are hardly quantifiable, and no management targets have been set. For that reason, and because most factors were not included in the EU Eel Regulation, these other factors are not included in this report. Our focus is on the quantification of silver eel biomass escaping from continental waters towards the ocean (current, current potential and pristine) and mortality risks endured by those eels during their whole lifetime. The assessment is broken down on a geographical basis, with different impacts dominating in different areas (west coast, inland waters, Baltic coast). In the last decade, a break in the downward trend in glass eel recruitment has been observed, with recruitment no longer declining consistently. Whether that relates to recent protective actions, or is due to other factors, is yet unclear. Nevertheless, recruitment levels remain at historically low levels. This report contributes to the required international assessment, but does not discuss the causing factors behind the recent recruitment trend and the overall status of the stock across Europe. For the different assessment areas, results summarise as follows: On the west coast, a commercial fyke net fishery on yellow eel was exploiting the stock, until this fishery was completely closed in spring 2012. A fishery-based assessment no longer being achievable, we present trends from research surveys (fyke nets). Insufficient information is currently available to assess the recovery of the stock in absolute terms. Obviously, current fishing mortality is zero (disregarding the currently unquantifiable effect of illegal fishing), but none of the other requested stock indicators (current, current potential and pristine biomass) can be presented. The formerly exploited size-classes of the stock show a recovery in abundance after the closure of the commercial fishery, and the smaller size classes show a break in their decline in line with the recent global trend of glass eel recruitment. In order to support the recovery of the stock, or to compensate for anthropogenic mortality in inland waters, young eel has been restocked on the Swedish west coast since 2010. Noting the quantity of restocking involved, the expected effect (ca. 50 t silver eel) is relatively small, and hard to verify – in comparison to the potential natural stock on the west coast (an order of 1000 t). However, for the currently depleted stock, the contribution will likely constitute a larger share of silver eel escapement. For inland waters, this report updates the 2021 assessment, with substantial changes in methodology being the use of a new natural recruitment model, and the full separation of Trap & Transport catches from the fisheries statistics. The assessment for the inland waters relies on a reconstruction of the stock from information on the youngest eels in our waters (natural recruits, assisted migration, restocking). Based on 78 years of data on natural recruitment into 22 rivers, a statistical model is applied which relates the number of immigrating young eel caught in traps to the location and size of each river, the distance from the trap to the river mouth, and the year in which those eels recruited to continental waters as a glass eel (year class). The further into the Baltic, the larger and less numerous recruits generally are. Distance upstream comes with less numerous recruits. Using the results from the above recruitment analysis, in combination with historical data on assisted migration (young eels transported upstream within a drainage area, across barriers) and restocking (young eels imported into a river system), we have a complete overview of how many young eels recruited to Swedish inland waters. From this, the production of fully grown silver eel is estimated for every lake and year separately, based on best estimates of growth and natural mortality rates. Subtracting the catch made by the fishery (as recorded) and down-sizing for the mortality incurred when passing hydropower stations (percentwise, as recorded or using a default percentage), an estimate of the biomass of silver eel escaping from each river towards the sea is derived. Results indicate, that since 1960, the production of silver eel in inland waters has declined from over 700 to below 300 tonnes per year (t/yr). The production of naturally recruited eels is still falling; following the increase in restocking since 2010, an increase in restocking-based production is expected to be starting right around now. Gradually, restocking has replaced natural recruitment (assisted and fully natural), now making up over 90 % of the inland stock. Fisheries have taken 20-30 % of the silver eel (since the mid-1980s), while the impact of hydropower has ranged from 25 % to 60 %, depending on the year. Escapement is estimated to have varied from 72 t in the late 1990s, to 175 t in the early 2000s. The biomass of current escapement (including eels of restocked origin) is approximately 15 % of the pristine level (incl. restocked), or almost 30 % of the current potential biomass (incl. restocked). This is below the 40 % biomass limit of the Eel Regulation, and anthropogenic mortality (70 % over the entire life span in continental waters) exceeds the limit implied in the Eel Regulation (60 % mortality, the complement of 40 % survival). Mortality being that high, Swedish inland waters currently do not contribute to the recovery of the stock. The temporal variation (in production, impacts and escapement) is partly the consequence of a differential spatial distribution of the restocking of eel over the years. The original natural (not assisted) recruits were far less impacted by hydropower, since they could not climb the hydropower dams when immigrating. Since 2010, inland restocking is increasingly concentrated to drainage areas falling to the Kattegat-Skagerrak, also including obstructed lakes (primarily Lake Vänern, and many smaller ones). Even though Trap & Transport of silver eel - from above barriers towards the sea - has contributed to reducing the hydropower impact, hydropower mortality remains the largest estimated contributor to silver eel mortality in inland waters. Without restocking, the biomass affected by fishery and/or hydropower would be only 5-10 % of the currently impacted biomass, but the stock abundance would reduce from 15 % to less than 3 % of the pristine biomass. In summary: the inland eel stock biomass is below the minimum target, anthropogenic impacts exceed the minimum limit that would allow recovery, and those impacts have been increasing. It is therefore recommended to reconsider the current action plans on inland waters, taking into account the results of the current, comprehensive assessment. For the Baltic coast, the 2021 assessment has been updated without major changes in methodology. Results indicate that the impact of the fishery continues to decline over the decades. The current impact of the Swedish silver eel fishery on the escapement of silver eel along the Baltic Sea coast is estimated at 0.3 %. However, this fishery is just one of the anthropogenic impacts (in other areas/countries) affecting the eel stock in the Baltic, including all types of impacts, on all life stages and all habitats anywhere in the Baltic. Integration with the assessments in other countries has not been achieved. Current estimates of the abundance of silver eel (biomass) indicates an order of several thousand tonnes, but those estimates are extremely uncertain, due to the low impact of the fishery (near-zero statistics). Moreover, these do not take into account the origin of those silver eels, from other countries. An integrated assessment for the whole Baltic will be required to ground-truth these estimates. This would also bring the eel assessments in line with the policy to regionalise stock assessments for other (commercial) fish species (see https://ec.europa.eu/oceans-and-fisheries/fisheries/rules/multiannual-plans_en). It is recommended to develop an integrated assessment for the entire Baltic Sea eel stock, and to coordinate protective measures with other range states.
43.	Westerberg, Håkan, et al. (författare) Behaviour of stocked and naturally recruited European eels during migration 2014 Ingår i: Marine Ecology Progress Series. - : Inter-Research Science Center. - 0171-8630 .- 1616-1599. ; 496, s. 145-157 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract One objection to the stocking of translocated eels as a management measure for the European eel Anguilla anguilla L. is that these eels may lack the ability to find their way back to the spawning area in the Sargasso Sea because the translocation will confuse their imprinted navigation. We undertook a series of tagging experiments using satellite tags, data storage tags and acoustic tags to test the hypothesis that eels translocated 1200 km from the UK to Sweden differed in their ability to migrate compared to naturally recruited eels. Eels to be tagged were caught in 2 locations, one with a record of eel stocking for more than 20 yr and with a series of barriers to upstream migration and another in a river with only natural immigration and without barriers to upstream migration. In the first year, the naturally recruited and stocked eels were released in a fjord where the initial escapement behaviour could be monitored by acoustic tagging in addition to using archival tags to track the subsequent marine migration. In the second year, eels were tagged with archival or satellite tags and released on the open coast, and only their marine migration was investigated. Eels were tracked more than 2000 km along a route that, after leaving the Skagerrak, followed the Norwegian Trench to the Norwegian Sea, turned south and west along the Faroe-Shetland channel before emerging into the Atlantic Ocean, and then continued west. There were no statistically significant differences in estuarine or oceanic behaviour regarding route, swimming speed and preferred swimming depth between stocked and naturally recruited eels. These results provide the first empirical evidence of a Nordic migration route and do not support the hypothesis that a sequential imprinting of the route during immigration is necessary for adequate orientation or behaviour during the adult spawning migration.
44.	Westerberg, Håkan, et al. (författare) Diving activity of migrating silver eel with and without Anguillicola crassus infection 2018 Ingår i: Journal of Applied Ichthyology. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0175-8659 .- 1439-0426. ; 34, s. 659-668 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Infection with the swim bladder nematode Anguillicola crassus has been hypothesised to threaten the spawning migration success of the endangered European eel (Anguilla anguilla). To examine this assumption, we compared the swimming behaviour of one Anguillicola crassus infested eel in the North Sea and three parasite-free eels in the Baltic using data recovered from data storage tags attached to migrating silver eels. In both areas, eel activity was characterized by frequent diving behaviour throughout the water column during the night, with reduced activity during the day. Despite substantial damage of the swim bladder, the behaviour of the infested eel from the North Sea was within the same range of migrating and diving activity parameters as the three parasite-free eels from the Baltic Sea. All eels had a similar frequency distribution of descent or ascent speeds and a similar average horizontal migration speed. The diving speeds and dive ranges exclude the possibility that the eels were in continuous hydrostatic equilibrium during their migrations and suggests therefore that the role of the swim bladder in vertical migration is likely to be more complex than currently thought. Our results suggest that eels infested by Anguillicola crassus are capable of diving in a similar manner to uninfested eels during the first stretch of their spawning migration.
45.	Westerberg, Håkan, et al. (författare) Empirical observations of the spawning migration of European eels: The long and dangerous road to the Sargasso Sea 2016 Ingår i: Science Advances. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 2375-2548. ; 2 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The spawning migration of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) to the Sargasso Sea is one of the greatest animal migrations. However, the duration and route of the migration remain uncertain. Using fishery data from 20 rivers across Europe, we show that most eels begin their oceanic migration between August and December. We used electronic tagging techniques to map the oceanic migration from eels released from four regions in Europe. Of 707 eels tagged, we received 206 data sets. Many migrations ended soon after release because of predation events, but we were able to reconstruct in detail the migration routes of >80 eels. The route extended from western mainland Europe to the Azores region, more than 5000 km toward the Sargasso Sea. All eels exhibited diel vertical migrations, moving from deeper water during the day into shallower water at night. The range of migration speeds was 3 to 47 kmday-1. Using data from larval surveys in the Sargasso Sea, we show that spawning likely begins in December and peaks in February. Synthesizing these results, we show that the timing of autumn escapement and the rate of migration are inconsistent with the century-long held assumption that eels spawn as a single reproductive cohort in the spring time following their escapement. Instead, we suggest that European eels adopt a mixed migratory strategy, with some individuals able to achieve a rapid migration, whereas others arrive only in time for the following spawning season. Our results have consequences for eel management.
46.	Westerberg, Håkan, et al. (författare) Overwintering dormancy behaviour of the European eel (Anguilla anguilla L.) in a large lake 2015 Ingår i: Ecology of Freshwater Fish. - : Wiley. - 0906-6691 .- 1600-0633. ; 24:4, s. 532-543 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Overwintering dormancy behaviour was studied in female silver eels in Lake Mälaren in Sweden between 2008 and 2010. Depth choices and movements in relation to temperature were analysed from pressure andtemperature records for 13 eels with implanted data storage tags, covering 17 overwintering periods and threeintervening summer periods. Dormancy commenced in October–November as temperatures fell below 4–12 °C.Eels tended to remain motionless throughout the winter, with some short periods of activity signalled by smallchanges in depth distributions. During dormancy, the eel shows a clear avoidance of shallow areas <5 m in favourof the 10–25-m-depth interval. Activity tended to resume 4–6 months later in April–May as temperatures roseabove 3–7 °C and ice cover broke, and eels spent more time at shallower depths of <5–10 m. The majority of theeels were assessed as being in the silver eel stage at the time of tagging. During the autumn months, the divingbehaviour, with frequent and large vertical excursions and periods at the surface, was similar to that seen inmigrating eels in the Baltic and Atlantic Ocean. In spring and summer, the behaviour differed, being dominated bymore gradual depth variations, implying that the eels reverted from silver eel migration behaviour to yellow eelforaging behaviour. Body weight declined during dormancy, but other studies of starvation over comparable timeperiods showed significantly higher average specific weight losses, implying that the Mälaren silver eels must havefed between the end of dormancy and recapture.
47.	Wickström, Håkan, et al. (författare) Traceability of stocked eels - the Swedish approach 2014 Ingår i: Ecology of Freshwater Fish. - : Wiley. - 0906-6691 .- 1600-0633. ; 23:1, s. 33-39 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Stocking of eels is one of the management measures in the eel regulation (EC No 1100/2007) to recover the stock. The Swedish Eel Management Plan doubles the numbers stocked to 2.5 million eels per year. Whether stocked eels contribute to the spawning stock or not has been questioned: stocked eels might not migrate as successful as wild recruited eels. The EIFAAC/ICES Working Group on Eel (2011) recommended that all stocked eel should be marked and thereby separable from wild eel in subsequent sampling'. Since 2009, eels stocked in Sweden have been bathed in a strontium (Sr) solution, which gives a detectable mark in their otoliths. So far, 5.5 million eels have been marked in Sweden; Finland imports eels for stocking via Sweden, and these 0.6 million eels were marked by two Sr rings. We present results on marking success and recapture rates and also from marking with alizarin complexone and PIT tags in combination with Sr. If all eels stocked in the Baltic are marked, their contribution to the spawning run can be estimated. Using different combinations of marks in different regions, the relative contribution from separate stocking programmes can be evaluated. To increase the set of suitable marks, barium was tested as an additional tracer.
48.	Wingren, Niklas, et al. (författare) Measurements of microwave scattering by ultrasound in air at oblique incidence 2020 Ingår i: Europhysics Letters. - : IOP Publishing. - 1286-4854. ; 131:5 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Scattering of electromagnetic waves against acoustic waves has been studied in acousto-optics and radio acoustic sounding of the atmosphere, among others. Strong interaction requires phase matching, which occurs at two angles between waves. These depend on the wavelength ratio. The scattered electromagnetic wave is frequency shifted by the acoustic frequency, either up or down depending on the angle between waves. This work presents experimental verification of this scattering for 27.3 GHz microwaves and 40 kHz ultrasound in air. Both up- and down-shifting of the scattered wave is shown. Previous work has mostly focused on either nearly perpendicular or parallel incidence. In contrast, this work considers oblique incidence with frequencies differing from those used in acousto-optics and radio acoustic sounding.
49.	Wingren, Niklas, et al. (författare) Nondestructive Testing Using mm-Wave Sparse Imaging Verified for Singly Curved Composite Panels 2022 Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation. - 0018-926X. ; 71:1, s. 1185-1189 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Nondestructive testing of composite materials is important in aerospace applications, and mm-wave imaging has been increasingly used for this purpose. Imaging is traditionally performed using Fourier methods, with inverse methods being an alternative. This communication presents a mm-wave imaging method with an inverse approach intended for nondestructive testing of singly curved composite panels with sparsely distributed flaws. It builds on previous work which was limited to imaging on planar panels. The move from planar to singly curved panels increases the applicability of the method for aerospace applications. The imaging method is reference-free due to a numerical source separation algorithm and exploits sparsity in reconstruction of scatterers. It is demonstrated using near-field measurements at 60 GHz of an industrially manufactured composite panel with deliberate flaws. Compared to a more traditional Fourier imaging method, our method generates images with higher resolution and higher dynamic range. Flaw detection is also easier using our method as it generates images with less background clutter.

Skapa referenser, mejla, bekava och länka

Länka till träfflistan

Träfflista för sökning "WFRF:(Sjöberg Niklas) "

Avgränsa träffmängd

År