| 1. |
- Walters, R G, et al.
(författare)
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A new highly penetrant form of obesity due to deletions on chromosome 16p11.2.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 463:7281, s. 671-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Obesity has become a major worldwide challenge to public health, owing to an interaction between the Western 'obesogenic' environment and a strong genetic contribution. Recent extensive genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have identified numerous single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with obesity, but these loci together account for only a small fraction of the known heritable component. Thus, the 'common disease, common variant' hypothesis is increasingly coming under challenge. Here we report a highly penetrant form of obesity, initially observed in 31 subjects who were heterozygous for deletions of at least 593 kilobases at 16p11.2 and whose ascertainment included cognitive deficits. Nineteen similar deletions were identified from GWAS data in 16,053 individuals from eight European cohorts. These deletions were absent from healthy non-obese controls and accounted for 0.7% of our morbid obesity cases (body mass index (BMI) >or= 40 kg m(-2) or BMI standard deviation score >or= 4; P = 6.4 x 10(-8), odds ratio 43.0), demonstrating the potential importance in common disease of rare variants with strong effects. This highlights a promising strategy for identifying missing heritability in obesity and other complex traits: cohorts with extreme phenotypes are likely to be enriched for rare variants, thereby improving power for their discovery. Subsequent analysis of the loci so identified may well reveal additional rare variants that further contribute to the missing heritability, as recently reported for SIM1 (ref. 3). The most productive approach may therefore be to combine the 'power of the extreme' in small, well-phenotyped cohorts, with targeted follow-up in case-control and population cohorts.
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| 2. |
- Falchi, M., et al.
(författare)
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Low copy number of the salivary amylase gene predisposes to obesity
- 2014
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 46:5, s. 492-497
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Common multi-allelic copy number variants (CNVs) appear enriched for phenotypic associations compared to their biallelic counterparts. Here we investigated the influence of gene dosage effects on adiposity through a CNV association study of gene expression levels in adipose tissue. We identified significant association of a multi-allelic CNV encompassing the salivary amylase gene (AMY1) with body mass index (BMI) and obesity, and we replicated this finding in 6,200 subjects. Increased AMY1 copy number was positively associated with both amylase gene expression (P = 2.31 × 10-14) and serum enzyme levels (P < 2.20 × 10-16), whereas reduced AMY1 copy number was associated with increased BMI (change in BMI per estimated copy =-0.15 (0.02) kg/m 2; P = 6.93 × 10-10) and obesity risk (odds ratio (OR) per estimated copy = 1.19, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.13-1.26; P = 1.46 × 10-10). The OR value of 1.19 per copy of AMY1 translates into about an eightfold difference in risk of obesity between subjects in the top (copy number > 9) and bottom (copy number < 4) 10% of the copy number distribution. Our study provides a first genetic link between carbohydrate metabolism and BMI and demonstrates the power of integrated genomic approaches beyond genome-wide association studies. © 2014 Nature America, Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Apollonio, M., et al.
(författare)
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Improved Emittance and Brightness for the MAX IV 3 GeV Storage Ring
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proc. IPAC'22. - 9783954502271 ; , s. 288-291
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- At MAX IV Laboratory, the Swedish Synchrotron Radiation (SR) facility, the largest of two rings operates at 3 GeV with a bare lattice emittance of 330 pm rad. Upgrade plans are under consideration aiming at a gradual reduction of the emittance, in three stages: a short-term with an emittance reduction of 20% to 40%, a mid-term with an emittance reduction of more than 50% and a long-term with an emittance in the range of the diffraction limit for hard X-rays (10 keV). In this paper we focus on the short-term case, resuming previous work on a proposed lattice that can reach 270 pm rad emittance, with only minor modifications to the gradients of the magnets of the present ring, i.e. without any hardware changes and all within the present power supply limits. Linear lattice characterisation and calculations of key performance parameters, such as dynamic aperture and momentum aperture with errors, are described and compared to the present operating lattice. Experimental tests of injection into this lattice are also shown.
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| 5. |
- Chillón, Palma, et al.
(författare)
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Bicycling to school is associated with improvements in physical fitness over a 6-year follow-up period in Swedish children
- 2012
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Ingår i: Preventive Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0091-7435 .- 1096-0260. ; 55:2, s. 108-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To examine whether modes of commuting to school at baseline and changes in commuting were related to 6-year changes in cardiorespiratory fitness in youth.METHODS: A total of 262 (142 girls) Swedish children (9 years at entry) were measured at baseline (1998/9) and follow-up (2004/5). Mode of commuting to school was assessed by questionnaire and fitness by a maximal bicycle test.RESULTS: At baseline, 34% of children used passive modes of commuting (e.g., car, motorcycle, bus, train), 54% walked, and 12% bicycled to school. Six years later the percentage of bicyclists increased 19% and the percentage of walkers decreased 19%. On average, children who bicycled to school increased their fitness 13% (p=0.03) more than those who used passive modes and 20% (p=0.002) more than those who walked. Children who used passive modes or walked at baseline and bicycled to school at 6 years later increased their fitness 14% (p=0.001) more than those who remained using passive modes or walking at follow-up.CONCLUSIONS: Implementing initiatives that encourage bicycling to school may be a useful strategy to increase cardiorespiratory fitness of children.
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| 6. |
- Dongiovanni, P., et al.
(författare)
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Transmembrane 6 Superfamily Member 2 Gene Variant Disentangles Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis From Cardiovascular Disease
- 2015
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Ingår i: Hepatology. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0270-9139 .- 1527-3350. ; 61:2, s. 506-514
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Excess hepatic storage of triglycerides is considered a benign condition, but nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) may progress to fibrosis and promote atherosclerosis. Carriers of the TM6SF2 E167K variant have fatty liver as a result of reduced secretion of very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDLs). As a result, they have lower circulating lipids and reduced risk of myocardial infarction. In this study, we aimed to assess whether TM6SF2 E167K affects liver damage and cardiovascular outcomes in subjects at risk of NASH. Liver damage was evaluated in 1,201 patients who underwent liver biopsy for suspected NASH; 427 were evaluated for carotid atherosclerosis. Cardiovascular outcomes were assessed in 1,819 controls from the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) cohort. Presence of the inherited TM6SF2 E167K variant was determined by TaqMan assays. In the liver biopsy cohort, 188 subjects (13%) were carriers of the E167K variant. They had lower serum lipid levels than noncarriers (P<0.05), had more-severe steatosis, necroinflammation, ballooning, and fibrosis (P<0.05), and were more likely to have NASH (odds ratio [OR]: 1.84; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.23-2.79) and advanced fibrosis (OR, 2.08; 95% CI: 1.20-3.55), after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, fasting hyperglycemia, and the I148M PNPLA3 risk variant. However, E167K carriers had lower risk of developing carotid plaques (OR, 0.49; 95% CI: 0.25-0.94). In the SOS cohort, E167K carriers had higher alanine aminotransferase ALT and lower lipid levels (P<0.05), as well as a lower incidence of cardiovascular events (hazard ratio: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.39-0.95). Conclusions: Carriers of the TM6SF2 E167K variant are more susceptible to progressive NASH, but are protected against cardiovascular disease. Our findings suggest that reduced ability to export VLDLs is deleterious for the liver. (Hepatology 2015;61:506-514)
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| 7. |
- Froguel, Philippe, et al.
(författare)
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A genome-wide association study identifies rs2000999 as a strong genetic determinant of circulating haptoglobin levels
- 2012
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Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Haptoglobin is an acute phase inflammatory marker. Its main function is to bind hemoglobin released from erythrocytes to aid its elimination, and thereby haptoglobin prevents the generation of reactive oxygen species in the blood. Haptoglobin levels have been repeatedly associated with a variety of inflammation-linked infectious and non-infectious diseases, including malaria, tuberculosis, human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C, diabetes, carotid atherosclerosis, and acute myocardial infarction. However, a comprehensive genetic assessment of the inter-individual variability of circulating haptoglobin levels has not been conducted so far. We used a genome-wide association study initially conducted in 631 French children followed by a replication in three additional European sample sets and we identified a common single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP), rs2000999 located in the Haptoglobin gene (HP) as a strong genetic predictor of circulating Haptoglobin levels (P overall = 8.1×10 -59), explaining 45.4% of its genetic variability (11.8% of Hp global variance). The functional relevance of rs2000999 was further demonstrated by its specific association with HP mRNA levels (β = 0.23±0.08, P = 0.007). Finally, SNP rs2000999 was associated with decreased total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in 8,789 European children (P total cholesterol = 0.002 and P LDL = 0.0008). Given the central position of haptoglobin in many inflammation-related metabolic pathways, the relevance of rs2000999 genotyping when evaluating haptoglobin concentration should be further investigated in order to improve its diagnostic/therapeutic and/or prevention impact. © 2012 Froguel et al.
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| 8. |
- Grunstein, R R, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of obstructive sleep apnea and sleepiness on metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) Study.
- 1995
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Ingår i: International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity. - 0307-0565. ; 19:6, s. 410-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To determine if obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is independently associated with cardiovascular risk factors and health status in subjects with severe obesity. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of epidemiological data. SUBJECTS: 3034 participants in the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) Cohort. Two sub-groups with a high and low likelihood for OSA based on questionnaire data were analysed in detail. MEASUREMENTS: General health questionnaires, anthropometric data including CT calibrated values for body fat distribution and lean body mass, blood pressure, fasting insulin, triglycerides, cholesterol, uric acid, glucose. RESULTS: Self-reported loud snoring and observed breathing pauses (high likelihood of OSA) was associated with increased frequency of WHO Grade 4 dyspnea, admissions to hospital with chest pain, myocardial infarction, blood pressure, fasting insulin, fasting triglyceride (women only), uric acid (women only) after adjustment for body fat distribution and other potential confounders. CONCLUSION: OSA may be another medical disorder which contributes to morbidity in severe obesity and is associated with some of the components of the metabolic syndrome observed in the centrally obese.
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| 9. |
- Grunstein, R R, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of self-reported sleep-breathing disturbances on psychosocial performance in the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) Study.
- 1995
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Ingår i: Sleep. - 0161-8105. ; 18:8, s. 635-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients with severe obesity commonly have obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). In order to determine the impact of OSA on psychosocial morbidity in severe obesity, subjects enrolled in the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) Study were classified into two subgroups based on questionnaire data: one group with a high likelihood and one with a low likelihood of OSA. These groups were contrasted and multivariable analysis was used to examine whether OSA had independent effects on divorce rate, sick leave, work performance, income and self-estimated general health after adjustment for obesity, fat distribution, alcohol, smoking, medications and coexisting medical conditions. A high likelihood of OSA was identified in 338 men and 155 women, compared with 216 men and 481 women who had a low likelihood of OSA. Men with OSA were identical in age to men without OSA and had slightly higher levels of visceral fat (p = 0.01), but were similar in most psychosocial variables except self-perceived general health. Women with OSA were identical in age and visceral fat mass to women without OSA, but were characterized by a higher rate of impaired work performance, sick leave and divorce. When frequent sleepiness was used as an additional discriminator between OSA and non-OSA groups, marked differences in psychosocial morbidity were observed. Multivariable analysis revealed either OSA or frequent sleepiness or both to be independent predictors of amount of sick leave, worse self-rated general health, impaired work performance and divorce rate. Therefore OSA, measured by self report, is an important independent predictor of psychosocial morbidity in subjects with severe obesity.
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| 10. |
- Marshall, N.S., et al.
(författare)
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Self-reported sleep apnoea and mortality in patients from the Swedish Obese Subjects study
- 2011
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 38:6, s. 1349-1354
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sleep apnoea is associated with increased mortality in sleep clinic and community population groups. It is unclear whether a clinical report of sleep apnoea results in additional mortality risk in patients with severe obesity. The Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study is a nonrandomised controlled trial of bariatric surgery versus conventional treatment for the treatment of severe obesity and its complications (mean±sd body mass index 41±5 kg·m−2). The presence or absence of sleep apnoea (witnessed pauses in breathing) was determined by self-reporting at baseline in 3,953 patients who were observed for 54,236 person-yrs (mean 13.5 maximum 21.0 yrs). Sleep apnoea was reported by 934 (23.6%) patients at baseline and was a significant univariate predictor of mortality (hazard ratio (95% CI) 1.74 (1.40–2.18)). In a range of multivariate models of mortality risk, controlling for ≤16 other potential confounders and established mortality risk factors, sleep apnoea remained a significant prognostic factor (fully adjusted model 1.29 (1.01–1.65)). Self-reported sleep apnoea is an independent prognostic marker of all-cause mortality in obese patients.
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| 11. |
- Moustafa, J. S. E., et al.
(författare)
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Novel association approach for variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) identifies DOCK5 as a susceptibility gene for severe obesity
- 2012
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Ingår i: Human Molecular Genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0964-6906 .- 1460-2083. ; 21:16, s. 3727-3738
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs) constitute a relatively under-examined class of genomic variants in the context of complex disease because of their sequence complexity and the challenges in assaying them. Recent large-scale genome-wide copy number variant mapping and association efforts have highlighted the need for improved methodology for association studies using these complex polymorphisms. Here we describe the in-depth investigation of a complex region on chromosome 8p21.2 encompassing the dedicator of cytokinesis 5 (DOCK5) gene. The region includes two VNTRs of complex sequence composition which flank a common 3975 bp deletion, all three of which were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction and fragment analysis in a total of 2744 subjects. We have developed a novel VNTR association method named VNTRtest, suitable for association analysis of multi-allelic loci with binary and quantitative outcomes, and have used this approach to show significant association of the DOCK5 VNTRs with childhood and adult severe obesity (P-empirical 8.9 10(8) and P 3.1 10(3), respectively) which we estimate explains approximate to 0.8 of the phenotypic variance. We also identified an independent association between the 3975 base pair (bp) deletion and obesity, explaining a further 0.46 of the variance (P-combined 1.6 10(3)). Evidence for association between DOCK5 transcript levels and the 3975 bp deletion (P 0.027) and both VNTRs (P-empirical 0.015) was also identified in adipose tissue from a Swedish family sample, providing support for a functional effect of the DOCK5 deletion and VNTRs. These findings highlight the potential role of DOCK5 in human obesity and illustrate a novel approach for analysis of the contribution of VNTRs to disease susceptibility through association studies.
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| 12. |
- Pankov, Dmitry, et al.
(författare)
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In vivo immuno-targeting of an extracellular epitope of membrane bound preferentially expressed antigen in melanoma (PRAME)
- 2017
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Ingår i: Oncotarget. - : Impact Journals, LLC. - 1949-2553. ; 8:39, s. 65917-65931
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Preferentially Expressed Antigen in Melanoma (PRAME) is a cancer/testis antigen that is overexpressed in a broad range of malignancies, while absent in most healthy human tissues, making it an attractive diagnostic cancer biomarker and therapeutic target. Although commonly viewed as an intracellular protein, we have demonstrated that PRAME has a membrane bound form with an external epitope targetable with conventional antibodies. We generated a polyclonal antibody (Membrane associated PRAME Antibody 1, MPA1) against an extracellular peptide sequence of PRAME. Binding of MPA1 to recombinant PRAME was evaluated by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Flow cytometry and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy of MPA1 was performed on multiple tumor cell lines. Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RTPCR) for PRAME was conducted to compare protein and transcriptional expression levels. We demonstrated a robust proof-of-concept for PRAME targeting in vivo by radiolabeling MPA1 with zirconium-89 (89Zr-DFO-MPA1) and demonstrating high specific uptake in PRAME expressing tumors. To our knowledge, this is the first time a cancer testis antigen has been targeted using conventional antibody technologies. Thus, PRAME can be exploited for multiple clinical applications, including targeted therapy, diagnostic imaging and treatment guidance in a widerange of malignancies, with minimal off-target toxicity.
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| 13. |
- Torgerson, Jarl S, 1960, et al.
(författare)
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Are elevated aminotransferases and decreased bilirubin additional characteristics of the metabolic syndrome?
- 1997
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Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. ; 5, s. 105-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Department of Medicine, University of Göteborg, Sweden. Abnormal liver tests, as well as morphological changes in the liver, are frequent among obese patients. Other frequent disturbances are visceral fat accumulation, insulin resistance, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM), hypertriglyceridemia, and hypertension; these are set of aberrations known as the metabolic syndrome. In order to investigate a possible relationship between the metabolic syndrome and impaired liver status we examined associations between liver tests, metabolic variables (insulin, glucose, and triglycerids), body composition and nutrition in 1,083 men (BMI 28.8-63.8 kg/m2) and 1,367 women (BMI 26.7-68.0 kg/m2) in the ongoing intervention study of Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS). Standard biochemical techniques were used to assess liver status and metabolic variables. Lean body mass (LBM) and masses of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue (AT) were estimated by means of computed tomography (CT) calibrated anthropometric equations. In both genders aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase were, or tended to be, positively correlated to fasting serum insulin, visceral AT (women), and alcohol intake. In women, the aminotransferases were also correlated with fasting blood glucose. In both genders alkaline phosphatase was, or tended to be, positively associated with visceral AT, insulin (women), and glucose. Bilirubin was negatively correlated to insulin and visceral AT in men and women. Additional multivariate analyses indicated that alcohol had less explanatory power than serum insulin for the examined liver tests, especially among women. These results suggest that pathological liver tests in the obese may represent an expression of the metabolic syndrome. PMID: 9112245 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
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| 14. |
- Ahlin, Sofie, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Macrophage Gene Expression in Adipose Tissue is Associated with Insulin Sensitivity and Serum Lipid Levels Independent of Obesity.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.). - : Wiley. - 1930-739X .- 1930-7381. ; 21:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Obesity is linked to both increased metabolic disturbances and increased adipose tissue macrophage infiltration. However, whether macrophage infiltration directly influences human metabolism is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate if there are obesity-independent links between adipose tissue macrophages and metabolic disturbances. Design and Methods: Expression of macrophage markers in adipose tissue was analyzed by DNA microarrays in the SOS Sib Pair study and in patients with type 2 diabetes and a BMI-matched healthy control group. Results: The expression of macrophage markers in adipose tissue was increased in obesity and associated with several metabolic and anthropometric measurements. After adjustment for BMI, the expression remained associated with insulin sensitivity, serum levels of insulin, C-peptide, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) and triglycerides. In addition, the expression of most macrophage markers was significantly increased in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to the control group. Conclusion: Our study shows that infiltration of macrophages in human adipose tissue, estimated by the expression of macrophage markers, is increased in subjects with obesity and diabetes and associated with insulin sensitivity and serum lipid levels independent of BMI. This indicates that adipose tissue macrophages may contribute to the development of insulin resistance and dyslipidemia.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Andersson, M., et al.
(författare)
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A New Class of Labile Surfactants that Break Down to Non-surface Active Products upon Heating or after a Pre-set Time, without the Need for a pH Change
- 2007
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Ingår i: Tenside Surfactants Detergents. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0932-3414 .- 2195-8564. ; 44:6, s. 366-372
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new class of labile surfactants that break down at a controllable rate without the need for a change in pH will be presented. The invention has been patented by YKI Institute for Surface Chemistry, and is based on use of β-keto acids or their salts as surface-active compounds. These surfactants spontaneously break down through decarboxylation, to form an oil-like ketone and CO 2/HCO 3 -/CO 32 - depending on pH. The rate of breakdown can be controlled within a wide range by temperature or by certain additives, but, unlike most cleavable surfactants, a change in pH is not needed. Furthermore the surfactants can be conveniently activated from a stabile precursor just before use, and one (of many possible) precursors of this kind is already available on the industrial scale in the form of a wellknown chemical that is FDA-approved in other, non-surfactant, applications. The compound in question, alkyl ketene dimer (AKD), is produced in large scale by a number of large chemical producers today, and used for hydrophobization of paper. The present article gives an overview of the surfactant chemistry, with focus on recent studies of the kinetics of activation of the surfactant precursor and breakdown kinetics of the labile surfactant at different conditions. Furthermore, possible industrial applications of the surfactant will be discussed, with one example taken from a recent feasibility study performed within the car washing area. © Carl Hanser Publisher.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Benser, Jasmin, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of physical activity and cardiovascular fitness on total homocysteine concentrations in European adolescents : The HELENA study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology. - : Center for Academic Publications Japan. - 0301-4800 .- 1881-7742. ; 61:1, s. 45-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined the association of physical activity (PA), cardiovascular fitness (CVF) and fatness with total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations in European adolescents. The present study comprised 713 European adolescents aged 14.8±1.2 y (females 55.3%) from the multicenter HELENA cross-sectional study. PA was assessed through accelerometry, CVF by the 20-m shuttle run test, and body fat by skinfold thicknesses with the Slaughter equation. Plasma folate, cobalamin, and tHcy concentrations were measured. To examine the association of tHcy with PA, CVF, and fatness after controlling for a set of confounders including age, maturity, folate, cobalamin, creatinine, smoking, supplement use, and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677 genotype (CC 47%, CT 43%, TT 10%), bivariate correlations followed by multiple regression models were performed. In the bivariate correlation analysis, tHcy concentrations were slightly negatively correlated (p<0.0 5) with CVF in females (measured both by stages: r=-0.118 and by VO 2 max: r=-0.10 2) and positively with body mass index (r=0.10 0). However, daily time spent with moderate and vigorous PA showed a weak positive association with tHcy in females (p<0.0 5). tHcy concentrations showed a tendency to decrease with increasing CVF and increase with increasing BMI in female European adolescents. However, tHcy concentrations were positively associated with moderate and vigorous PA in female European adolescents.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Bergman, S., et al.
(författare)
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Timing of Palaeoproterozoic intra-orogenic sedimentation in the central Fennoscandian Shield; evidence from detrital zircon in metasandstone
- 2008
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Ingår i: Precambrian Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-9268 .- 1872-7433. ; 161:3-4, s. 231-249
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Detrital zircon U-Pb SIMS data on quartz-rich metasandstone units presumed to belong to the upper part of the Svecofennian stratigraphy in southeastern Finland and east-central Sweden suggest the existence of clastic sedimentary basins between the two main orogenic phases at 1.89-1.86 Ga and 1.83-1.79 Ga, during a period referred to as the intra-orogenic phase (1.86-1.83 Ga). Stratigraphically below the metasandstone at Hamrange, east-central Sweden, is a metadacite with an U-Pb zircon TIMS age of 1888 +/- 6 Ma, which indicates the maximum age of sedimentation. It also indicates that an earlier proposed correlation of Hamrange metavolcanic rocks and 1.86Ga equivalents at Los to the northwest must be rejected. Instead, there is a temporal affinity to the metavolcanic rocks in the Bergslagen Province to the south or Southern Finland to the east. Quartz-rich metasandstone samples from four localities, Luukkola, Pyhantaka and Tiirismaa in Finland and Hamrange in Sweden, yield multimodal detrital zircon age distributions with main populations at 2.95-2.60 Ga, 2.10-1.95 Ga and 1.92-1.85 Ga. The groups are similar in all four samples, and they are comparable to previously reported detrital ages in this part of the Fennoscandian Shield. The oldest zircon analysed gave an age of 3.32 Ga (Tiirismaa). The maximum ages of sedimentation (and of subsequent deformation and metamorphism), indicated by the youngest detrital zircon, from the four localities are 1842 10 Ma (Luukkola), 1865 +/- 11 Ma (Pyhantaka), 1848 +/- 13 Ma (Tiirismaa), and 1855 10 Ma (Hamrange), respectively. Possible source rocks for these zircon grains are found within and around the vast Ljusdal Batholith in Sweden, and in the Arc Complexes of Western and Southern Finland. It is concluded that several intra-orogenic sedimentary basins existed during the time interval 1.86-1.83 Ga ago, between two major orogenic events in the Fermoscandian Shield.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Birgegård, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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[A case of chyluria]
- 1974
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Ingår i: Läkartidningen. - 0023-7205 .- 1652-7518. ; 71:38, s. 3490-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Cuenca-Garcia, Magdalena, et al.
(författare)
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More Physically Active and Leaner Adolescents Have Higher Energy Intake
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Journal of Pediatrics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3476 .- 1097-6833. ; 164:1, s. 159-166
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To test whether youths who engage in vigorous physical activity are more likely to have lean bodies while ingesting relatively large amounts of energy. For this purpose, we studied the associations of both physical activity and adiposity with energy intake in adolescents.Study design The study subjects were adolescents who participated in 1 of 2 cross-sectional studies, the Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence (HELENA) study (n = 1450; mean age, 14.6 years) or the European Youth Heart Study (EYHS; n = 321; mean age, 15.6 years). Physical activity was measured by accelerometry, and energy intake was measured by 24-hour recall. In the HELENA study, body composition was assessed by 2 or more of the following methods: skinfold thickness, bioelectrical impedance analysis, plus dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry or air-displacement plethysmography in a subsample. In the EYHS, body composition was assessed by skinfold thickness.Results Fat mass was inversely associated with energy intake in both studies and using 4 different measurement methods (P <=.006). Overall, fat-free mass was positively associated with energy intake in both studies, yet the results were not consistent across measurement methods in the HELENA study. Vigorous physical activity in the HELENA study (P<.05) and moderate physical activity in the EYHS (P<.01) were positively associated with energy intake. Overall, results remained unchanged after adjustment for potential confounding factors, after mutual adjustment among the main exposures (physical activity and fat mass), and after the elimination of obese subjects, who might tend to under-report energy intake, from the analyses.Conclusion Our data are consistent with the hypothesis that more physically active and leaner adolescents have higher energy intake than less active adolescents with larger amounts of fat mass.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Fredriksson, Sofie, 1983, et al.
(författare)
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The Impact of Occupational Noise Exposure on Hyperacusis: a Longitudinal Population Study of Female Workers in Sweden.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Ear and Hearing. - 1538-4667. ; 43:4, s. 1366-1377
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to assess the risk of hyperacusis in relation to occupational noise exposure among female workers in general, and among women working in preschool specifically.A retrospective longitudinal study was performed. Survey data were collected in 2013 and 2014 from two cohorts: randomly selected women from the population in region Västra Götaland, Sweden, and women selected based on having received a preschool teacher degree from universities in the same region. The final study sample included n = 8328 women born between 1948 and 1989. Occupational noise exposure was objectively assigned to all time periods from the first to the last reported occupation throughout working life, using the Swedish Job-Exposure Matrix (JEM) with three exposure intervals: <75 dB(A), 75 to 85 dB(A), and >85 dB(A). The JEM assigns preschool teachers to the 75 to 85 dB(A) exposure interval. The outcome hyperacusis was assessed by self-report using one question addressing discomfort or pain from everyday sounds. In the main analysis, a hyperacusis event was defined by the reported year of onset, if reported to occur at least a few times each week. Additional sensitivity analyses were performed using more strict definitions: (a) at least several times each week and (b) every day. The risk (hazard ratio, HR) of hyperacusis was analyzed in relation to years of occupational noise exposure, using survival analysis with frailty regression modeling accounting for individual variation in survival times which reflect, for example, noise exposure during years prior to onset. Occupational noise exposure was defined by the occupation held at year of hyperacusis onset, or the occupation held at the survey year if no event occurred. Models were adjusted for confounders including age, education, income, family history of hearing loss, and change of jobs due to noise.In total, n = 1966 hyperacusis events between 1960 and 2014 were analyzed in the main analysis. A significantly increased risk of hyperacusis was found among women working in any occupation assigned to the 75 to 85 dB(A) noise exposure group [HR: 2.6, 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.4-2.9], compared with the reference group <75 dB(A). The risk was tripled among preschool teachers specifically (HR: 3.4, 95% CI: 3.0-3.7), with the crude Kaplan-Meier curve showing a higher rate of onset early in the working life in preschool teachers compared with all the other exposure groups. The risk was increased, but not statistically significant in the main analysis, for the highest exposure group >85 dB(A), where only six hyperacusis events were identified (HR: 1.4, 95% CI: 0.6-3.1). In the sensitivity analysis, where hyperacusis was defined as occurring every day, the HR was significant also in the highest exposure group (HR: 3.8, 95% CI: 1.4-10.3), and generally slightly higher in the other exposure groups compared to the main analysis.This study indicates increased risk of hyperacusis already below the permissible occupational noise exposure limit in Sweden (85 dB LAeq,8h) among female workers in general, and in particular among preschool teachers. Prospective studies and less wide exposure intervals could confirm causal effects and assess dose-response relationships, respectively, although this study at present suggest a need for risk assessment, improved hearing prevention measures, and noise abatement measures in occupations with noise levels from 75 dB(A). The results could also have implications for management of occupational disability claims.
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| 29. |
- Garmer, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Development and validation of three-step risk assessment method for ship recycling sector
- 2015
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Ingår i: Safety Science. - : Elsevier. - 0925-7535 .- 1879-1042. ; 76, s. 175-189
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Disposal of end-of-life vessels in an environmentally sound and safe manner is a major challenge today. In the present study an attempt has been made to develop a three-step risk assessment method - which offers a systematic pedagogic approach for the "analysis team" comprising of production managers, safety officers, safety supervisors and the designated expert monitor to reduce risks and enhance safety at ship recycling yards. The three-step risk assessment was performed in 35 ship recycling yards through questionnaire surveys and door-to-door communication. Thus, 35 data sets from field personnel at the ship recycling yards, each data set with 8 risk indexes (4 risk indexes each, before and after implementing corrective actions) were collected. In addition, 9 data sets were collected to document the perceptions of experts. In all, a total of 44 data sets were collected and used to validate the risk assessment method. Validation of the three-step method, essentially addresses the differences (or similarities) in "perception of risk" by several health, safety and environment (HSE) managers who volunteered for the risk assessment exercise. In order to validate the risk assessment method, three validation protocols were developed. Consistency check on the data sets was also performed and it was found that the relationship was linear with the slope close to unity. The example illustrating the application of Three Step Method in identifying and minimizing risks provides clear understanding for the users of this method. Evidently, the three-step risk assessment method developed in this research appeared to give consistent results in a variety of scenarios of validation.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Grunstein, Ronald R, et al.
(författare)
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Two year reduction in sleep apnea symptoms and associated diabetes incidence after weight loss in severe obesity.
- 2007
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Ingår i: Sleep. - 0161-8105. ; 30:6, s. 703-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- STUDY OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect of bariatric surgery on sleep apnea symptoms and obesity-associated morbidity in patients with severe obesity. DESIGN: Prospective study. SETTING: University hospitals and community centers in Sweden. Intervention: We investigated the influence of weight loss surgery (n=1729) on sleep apnea symptoms and obesity-related morbidity using a conservatively treated group (n=1748) as a control. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS: Baseline BMI in surgical group (42.2+/-4.4 kg/m(2)) and control group (40.1+/-4.6 kg/m(2)) changed -9.7+/-5 kg/m(2) and 0+/-3 kg/m(2), respectively, at 2-year follow-up. In the surgery group, there was a marked improvement in all obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) symptoms compared with the control group (P <0.001). Persistence of snoring (21.6 vs 65.5%, adjusted OR 0.14, 95% CI 0.10-0.19) and apnea (27.9 vs 71.3%, adjusted OR 0.16, 95% I 0.10-0.23) were much less in the surgery group compared with controls. Compared with subjects with no observed apnea at follow-up (n=2453), subjects who continued to have or developed observed apnea (n=404) had a higher incidence of diabetes (adjusted OR 2.03, 95% CI 1.19-3.47) and hypertriglyceridemia (adjusted OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.07-3.25) but not hypertension (adjusted OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.65-1.83) or hypercholesterolemia (adjusted OR 0.91, 95% CI 0.53-1.58). CONCLUSION: Bariatric surgery results in a marked improvement in sleep apnea symptoms at 2 years. Despite adjustment for weight change and baseline central obesity, subjects reporting loss of OSA symptoms had a lower 2-year incidence of diabetes and hypertriglyceridemia. Improvement in OSA in patients losing weight may provide health benefits in addition to weight loss alone.
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| 32. |
- Haagenrud, Svein, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental Characterisation and Mapping with respect to Durability
- 2005
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Ingår i: 10th International conference on durability of building materials and components.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Service life planning calls for characterisation and classification of the exposure environment for the constructed asset(s) in question. Lack of knowledge of environmental exposure data and models among the building sector players is an important barrier for further progress towards service life prediction. The ever more evident climate change highlights even more the need for data and models on the exposure, when it comes to address its impact on the built environment. In general, requirements for establishing and implementing systems for quantitative characterisation and classification of durability of materials and components are: 1) well defined, and relatively simple damage functions for the materials in question, 2) availability of environmental exposure data/loads, including methods and models for assessing their geographical distribution, and 3) user friendly IT systems for storage, processing and modelling the environmental loads onto structures. Service life functions related to environmental degradation are today available for a range of building materials and components. As for availability of environmental data and models, as well as proper IT systems, it is shown that for most European countries, such data and models are available from meteorological offices and the environmental research area, and that these data and the work performed are directly applicable for service life planning and life cycle management of constructed assets. A short review of some of the most applicable models for environmental exposure and for degradation and damage of building materials and structures is included. The global climate system is likely to undergo changes, regardless of the implementation of abatement policies under the Kyoto Protocol or other regimes. Both the functionality of the existing built environment and the design of future buildings are likely to be altered by climate change impacts, and the expected implications of these new conditions are now investigated. The data and models are often directly exhibited in computer-based systems, often on GIS based platforms. With the rapid development of IFC based standards for digital object oriented models of building products there is a huge need for property sets, such as durability and service life data, linked directly to the building elements. The significant drive within the AEC/IFC community to provide for relevant location based data (GIS) via IFC format will be a major facilitator for access to site specific durability data, described by degradation models containing environmental (and other) degradation factors.
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| 33. |
- Haagenrud, Svein, et al.
(författare)
-
Environmental Characterisation and Mapping with respect to Durability : LYON [France] 17-20 April 2005
- 2005
-
Ingår i: 10th International Conference on Durability of Building Materials and Components.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Service life planning calls for characterisation and classification of the exposure environment for theconstructed asset(s) in question. Lack of knowledge of environmental exposure data and modelsamong the building sector players is an important barrier for further progress towards service lifeprediction. The ever more evident climate change highlights even more the need for data and modelson the exposure, when it comes to address its impact on the built environment.In general, requirements for establishing and implementing systems for quantitative characterisationand classification of durability of materials and components are: 1) well defined, and relatively simpledamage functions for the materials in question, 2) availability of environmental exposure data/loads,including methods and models for assessing their geographical distribution, and 3) user friendly ITsystems for storage, processing and modelling the environmental loads onto structures.Service life functions related to environmental degradation are today available for a range of buildingmaterials and components. As for availability of environmental data and models, as well as proper ITsystems, it is shown that for most European countries, such data and models are available frommeteorological offices and the environmental research area, and that these data and the workperformed are directly applicable for service life planning and life cycle management of constructedassets. A short review of some of the most applicable models for environmental exposure and fordegradation and damage of building materials and structures is included. The global climate system is likely to undergo changes, regardless of the implementation of abatementpolicies under the Kyoto Protocol or other regimes. Both the functionality of the existing builtenvironment and the design of future buildings are likely to be altered by climate change impacts, andthe expected implications of these new conditions are now investigated. The data and models are often directly exhibited in computer-based systems, often on GIS basedplatforms. With the rapid development of IFC based standards for digital object oriented models ofbuilding products there is a huge need for property sets, such as durability and service life data, linkeddirectly to the building elements. The significant drive within the AEC/IFC community to provide forrelevant location based data (GIS) via IFC format will be a major facilitator for access to site specificdurability data, described by degradation models containing environmental (and other) degradationfactors.
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Hedman, J, et al.
(författare)
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Fluoride concentration in saliva after consumption of a dinner meal prepared with fluoridated salt
- 2006
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Ingår i: Caries Research. ; 40, s. 158-162
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to determine the fluoride concentration in saliva after intake of a dinner meal prepared with fluoridated salt. The investigation had a randomized cross-over design, and 10 healthy adolescents with natural fluoride content (1.06 ppm) in their drinking water participated after informed consent. After a run-in week, the subjects were served a standardized dinner of spaghetti with minced meat sauce prepared with either fluoridated salt (test arm) or non-fluoridated salt (control arm). The fluoride concentration of the test salt was 250 ppm. Samples of stimulated whole saliva was collected at baseline, directly after eating (0 min) and then after 10, 30 and 180 min. After a 1-week wash-out period, the experimental procedure was repeated with the opposite salt. Fluoride concentration in saliva was measured with a fluoride-specific electrode and the post-ingestion levels were compared with baseline using repeated-measures ANOVA.The mean baseline concentrations were 10.9 and 8.0 microg/l in the test and control arms, respectively. Immediately after the intake, the mean fluoride values increased significantly to 81.6 microg/l in the test arm and to 31.5 microg/l in the control arm (p<0.05). The fluoride levels remained elevated (p<0.05) for 30 min after ingestion of the test meal but not following the control meal. In conclusion, consumption of a dinner meal prepared with fluoridated salt increased the salivary fluoride levels for about 30 min
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| 38. |
- Hurtig-Wennlöf, Anita, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiorespiratory fitness relates more strongly than physical activity to cardiovascular disease risk factors in healthy children and adolescents : the European Youth Heart Study
- 2007
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation. - 1741-8267 .- 1741-8275. ; 14:4, s. 575-581
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness are closely related to health variables in adults, especially those considered to be among risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The possible tracking of cardiovascular disease risk factors from childhood to adulthood makes it important to increase our understanding of the complex relationships between physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular risk factors early in life.DESIGN: A cross-sectional, school-based study on healthy children and adolescents, aged 9-10 years (295 girls, 295 boys) and 15-16 years (302 girls, 233 boys) was performed during a school year in Sweden and Estonia, as part of the European Youth Heart Study.METHODS: Total physical activity, and minutes spent in inactivity and activity of moderate or higher intensity were measured by accelerometry. A maximal ergometer bike test was used for estimation of cardiorespiratory fitness. The risk factors included blood pressure and fasting blood levels of insulin, glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.RESULTS: Canonical correlations between physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness versus cardiovascular disease risk factors showed significant associations in both age and sex groups (rc=0.46-0.61, P<0.0001). The cardiorespiratory fitness was found to be the strongest contributor to these relationships. In girls high values of the physical activity variables were also associated with a favourable cardiovascular profile.CONCLUSIONS: Cardiorespiratory fitness relates more strongly to cardiovascular risk factors than components of objectively measured physical activity in children and adolescents. Physical activity becomes more important in the 15-year-old adolescents, indicating that these modifiable lifestyle factors increase in importance with age.
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| 39. |
- Jiménez-Ruano, A., et al.
(författare)
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Assessing human-caused wildfire ignition likelihood across Europe
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Int. Conf. Smart Sustain. Technol., SpliTech. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9789532901283
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fire ignition probability is an essential component of most fire risk assessment frameworks. This study, framed within the H2020 project FirEUrisk, features a cohesive modelling approach in a set of representative regions (pilot sites; PS) in terms of fire activity across the European territory. These PS encompass different wildfire regimes in contrasting environmental settings: PS-1 Northern Europe, Kalmar Iän (South-East Sweden); PS-2 Central Europe, Southern Brandenburg and Eastern Saxony (Germany), North Bohemia (Czechia), and Lower Silesia (Poland); PS-3 Central Portugal; PS-4 Barcelona province (Spain); and PS-5 Attica region (Greece). Our main goal was to develop a common approach to model human-caused ignitions at a fine-grained spatial resolution (100 meters). For each pilot site we: (i) ascertain which factors influence ignition, hence, addressing potential differences in driving forces and, (ii) provide a spatial-explicit depiction of the patterns of ignition probability. For that propose, we fitted a Random Forest (RF) model in each PS from historical fire records (compiled by local fire agencies) and geospatial layers for land cover, accessibility, and population related factors. All models attained a high predictive accuracy, with AUCs that ranging from 0.69 (Northern Europe) to 0.89 (Attica Region). In turn, the most relevant explanatory variable was the population density that ranked most influential in four out of the five PS, followed by the fuel type, distance to roads, distance to the WUI, and percent cover of forest and wildlands. These findings are a valuable product to upscale future solutions at regional level (beyond NUTS3-type areas), conduct fire behavior modelling simulations, and enrich the science-based decisions which come from the forest and fire management agents at national and European level. © 2023 University of Split, FESB.
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| 40. |
- Jonsson, Pär, et al.
(författare)
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A strategy for modelling dynamic responses in metabolic samples characterized by GC/MS
- 2006
-
Ingår i: Metabolomics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-3882 .- 1573-3890. ; 2:3, s. 135-143
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A multivariate strategy for studying the metabolic response over time in urinary GC/MS data is presented and exemplified by a study of drug-induced liver toxicity in the rat. The strategy includes the generation of representative data through hierarchical multivariate curve resolution (H-MCR), highlighting the importance of obtaining resolved metabolite profiles for quantification and identification of exogenous (drug related) and endogenous compounds (potential biomarkers) and for allowing reliable comparisons of multiple samples through multivariate projections. Batch modelling was used to monitor and characterize the normal (control) metabolic variation over time as well as to map the dynamic response of the drug treated animals in relation to the control. In this way treatment related metabolic responses over time could be detected and classified as being drug related or being potential biomarkers. In summary the proposed strategy uses the relatively high sensitivity and reproducibility of GC/MS in combination with efficient multivariate curve resolution and data analysis to discover individual markers of drug metabolism and drug toxicity. The presented results imply that the strategy can be of great value in drug toxicity studies for classifying metabolic markers in relation to their dynamic responses as well as for biomarker identification.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Just, Alar, et al.
(författare)
-
CLT compartment fire test
- 2018
-
Ingår i: WCTE 2018 - World Conference on Timber Engineering.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- New high-rise timber buildings are planned to be built in the near future all around the world. The fire protection concepts are not always considering natural fire scenarios. As timber is a combustible material, it can contribute to the fire within and outside of the fire compartment. For buildings with cross-laminated timber (CLT) elements the possible fall-off of lamellas should be considered because of the risk for second flashover, which can lead to a continuous fire. However, in case fire service interference or sprinkler activation is absent or inefficient, it may be necessary to design a building so that it leads to a decaying fire. Additionally, it is important to limit fire spread to neighbouring compartments. This paper discusses a compartment test of a two-story building made of CLT performed in Estonia to study delamination behaviour and consequences in compartments with realistic ventilation conditions. State-of-the art solutions to limit fire spread from the first floor into the second floor were applied. This involved robust design of connections, penetrations through the compartment boundary and the façade. The paper provides a description and analysis of the test.
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| 43. |
- Khrapov, D., et al.
(författare)
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Different approaches for manufacturing ti-6al-4v alloy with triply periodic minimal surface sheet-based structures by electron beam melting
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Materials. - : MDPI AG. - 1996-1944. ; 14:17
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Targeting biomedical applications, Triply Periodic Minimal Surface (TPMS) gyroid sheet-based structures were successfully manufactured for the first time by Electron Beam Melting in two different production Themes, i.e., inputting a zero (Wafer Theme) and a 200 µm (Melt Theme) wall thickness. Initial assumption was that in both cases, EBM manufacturing should yield the structures with similar mechanical properties as in a Wafer-mode, as wall thickness is determined by the minimal beam spot size of ca 200 µm. Their surface morphology, geometry, and mechanical properties were investigated by means of electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray Computed Tomography (XCT), and uniaxial tests (both compression and tension). Application of different manufacturing Themes resulted in specimens with different wall thicknesses while quasi-elastic gradients for different Themes was found to be of 1.5 GPa, similar to the elastic modulus of human cortical bone tissue. The specific energy absorption at 50% strain was also similar for the two types of structures. Finite element simulations were also conducted to qualitatively analyze the deformation process and the stress distribution under mechanical load. Simulations demonstrated that in the elastic regime wall, regions oriented parallel to the load are primarily affected by deformation. We could conclude that gyroids manufactured in Wafer and Melt Themes are equally effective in mimicking mechanical properties of the bones.
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| 44. |
- Kilinçalp, G., et al.
(författare)
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Predictive Value of Ambulatory Objective Movement Measurement for Outcomes of Levodopa/Carbidopa Intestinal Gel Infusion
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Journal of Personalized Medicine. - : MDPI AG. - 2075-4426. ; 12:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Patients with Parkinson’s disease that may benefit from device-assisted therapy can be identified with guidelines like Navigate PD. The decision to offer advanced treatment and the choice of treatment modality are, however, not straightforward, and some patients respond less favorably to a chosen therapy. Measurements with the Parkinson Kinetigraph (PKG) can detect motor fluctuations and could therefore predict patients that respond better or worse to intestinal levodopa/carbidopa gel infusion (LCIG). In a retrospective analysis of 45 patients that had been selected to start LCIG between 2014 and 2020, the effects of baseline PKG and clinical characteristic on the outcome were determined with ordinal regression. Although all patients had been found to have handicapping medication-related symptom fluctuations, patients without clear objective off fluctuations in the baseline PKG had low odds ratio for success. Lower odds for success were also found with increasing age, whereas gender, medication intensity and baseline PKG summary scores (median bradykinesia and dyskinesia scores, fluctuation dyskinesia score and percent time with tremor) had no significant effect. Absence of easily identified off-periods in the PKG has a negative prognostic value for the effect of LCIG and could prompt noninvasive infusion evaluation before surgery. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
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| 45. |
- Kwak, Lydia, et al.
(författare)
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Associations between physical activity, fitness, and academic achievement.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Journal of Pediatrics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3476 .- 1097-6833. ; 155:6, s. 914-918.e1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To explore the associations between objectively assessed intensity levels of physical activity and academic achievement and test whether cardiovascular fitness mediates the association between physical activity and academic achievement.STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional data were gathered in Swedish 9th-grade students (n = 232; mean age = 16 years; 52% girls). School grades, pubertal phase, skinfold thickness, cardiovascular fitness, and physical activity were measured objectively. Mother's education, family structure, and parental monitoring were self-reported. Data were analyzed with linear regression analyses.RESULTS: After controlling for confounding factors, academic achievement was associated with vigorous physical activity in girls (beta = .30, P < .01; explained variance of the model 26%), which remained after inclusion of fitness (beta = .23, P < .05; explained variance 29%). The association was not mediated by fitness. In boys, academic achievement was associated with pubertal phase (beta = .25, P < .05). After inclusion of fitness, it was only associated with fitness (beta = .25, P < .05; explained variance of the model 30%).CONCLUSION: In girls, academic achievement was associated with vigorous physical activity and not mediated by fitness, whereas in boys only fitness was associated with academic achievement. Further studies are necessary to investigate the potential longitudinal effect of vigorous physical activity on academic achievement, the role of fitness herein and the implications of these findings for schools.
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| 46. |
- Labayen, Idoia, et al.
(författare)
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Association of common variants of UCP2 gene with low-grade inflammation in Swedish children and adolescents : the European Youth Heart Study
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Pediatric Research. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0031-3998 .- 1530-0447. ; 66:3, s. 350-354
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We examined the associations of two functional variants 866G>A and DEL/INS polymorphisms of UCP2 gene with low-grade inflammatory proteins (C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, complement C3 [C3], and complement C4 [C4]) in 131 children (52.7% boys, aged 9.5 +/- 0.4 y) and 118 adolescents (44.1% males, aged 15.5 +/- 0.4 y) selected from the European Youth Heart Study. Differences in inflammatory markers among the genotype variants of the two UCP2 gene polymorphisms were analyzed after adjusting for sex, age, pubertal stage, fitness, and fatness. The results showed that fibrinogen, C3, and C4 were higher in GG carriers than in subjects carrying the A allele of the 866G>A polymorphism of the UCP2 gene (UCP2 -866G>A) polymorphism (all p < 0.05). The DEL/DEL genotype of 45nt deletion/insertion variant polymorphism of the UCP2 gene (UCP2 DEL/INS) was associated with higher C3 (p < 0.05) than DEL/INS and INS/INS genotypes. This study provides evidence of a role of UCP2 -866G>A in modifying low-grade inflammatory state in apparently healthy children and adolescents. Given the implication of complement factors on atherosclerosis process, these results contribute to explain the reduced cardiovascular risk associated with the A allele of the UCP2 -866G>A polymorphism.
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| 47. |
- Labayen, Idoia, et al.
(författare)
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Cardiorespiratory fitness modifies the association between the UCP3-55C>T (rs1800849) polymorphism and plasma homocysteine in Swedish youth
- 2010
-
Ingår i: Atherosclerosis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9150 .- 1879-1484. ; 210:1, s. 183-187
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Whether the polymorphisms in the UCP3 gene have an influence on plasma homocysteine levels during youth is not known, and to elucidate the putative modifying role of fitness is also of clinical interest. We analysed the association between polymorphisms in the UCP3 gene and plasma homocysteine in youth and to examine whether fitness modifies this association.METHODS: The study population comprised 267 Swedish children (8-10 years) and 305 adolescents (14-16 years). Fasting total plasma homocysteine was the outcome variable. We genotyped five UCP3 polymorphisms (rs1800849, rs1800006, rs2075577, rs647126, and rs591758) and one MTHFR 677C>T (rs1801133) polymorphism. Cardiorespiratory fitness was measured with a maximal ergometer bike test.RESULTS: Youth homozygous or heterozygous for the T allele of the rs1800849 polymorphism had significantly higher levels of homocysteine than those carrying the CC genotype (8.56+/-4.72 micromol/L vs. 7.72+/-2.73 micromol/L, respectively, P=0.011) after adjusting for gender, age, pubertal status, folate and vitamin B(12) intake and MTHFR 677C>T polymorphism, whereas no association was observed for the other analysed polymorphisms. There was a significant interaction effect of fitnessxrs1800849 polymorphism (P=0.042). The effect of the rs1800849 polymorphism on homocysteine levels persisted in youth with low fitness, whereas it was abolished in those with moderate or high cardiorespiratory fitness (P>0.1).CONCLUSIONS: Cardiorespiratory fitness modifies the association between the rs1800849 polymorphism and homocysteine so that the negative effect of the T allele does not persist in youth with moderate to high levels of fitness.
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| 48. |
- Labbé, David P., et al.
(författare)
-
TOP2A and EZH2 provide early detection of an aggressive prostate cancer subgroup
- 2017
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Ingår i: Clinical Cancer Research. - 1078-0432. ; 23:22, s. 7072-7083
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Current clinical parameters do not stratify indolent from aggressive prostate cancer. Aggressive prostate cancer, defined by the progression from localized disease to metastasis, is responsible for the majority of prostate cancer–associated mortality. Recent gene expression profiling has proven successful in predicting the outcome of prostate cancer patients; however, they have yet to provide targeted therapy approaches that could inhibit a patient's progression to metastatic disease. Experimental Design: We have interrogated a total of seven primary prostate cancer cohorts (n = 1,900), two metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer datasets (n = 293), and one prospective cohort (n = 1,385) to assess the impact of TOP2A and EZH2 expression on prostate cancer cellular program and patient outcomes. We also performed IHC staining for TOP2A and EZH2 in a cohort of primary prostate cancer patients (n = 89) with known outcome. Finally, we explored the therapeutic potential of a combination therapy targeting both TOP2A and EZH2 using novel prostate cancer–derived murine cell lines. Results: We demonstrate by genome-wide analysis of independent primary and metastatic prostate cancer datasets that concurrent TOP2A and EZH2 mRNA and protein upregulation selected for a subgroup of primary and metastatic patients with more aggressive disease and notable overlap of genes involved in mitotic regulation. Importantly, TOP2A and EZH2 in prostate cancer cells act as key driving oncogenes, a fact highlighted by sensitivity to combination-targeted therapy. Conclusions: Overall, our data support further assessment of TOP2A and EZH2 as biomarkers for early identification of patients with increased metastatic potential that may benefit from adjuvant or neoadjuvant targeted therapy approaches.
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| 49. |
- Larsson, K, et al.
(författare)
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The Saccharomyces cerevisiae SOP1 and SOP2 genes, which act in cation homeostasis, can be functionally substituted by the Drosophila lethal(2)giant larvae tumor suppressor gene.
- 1998
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Ingår i: The Journal of biological chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9258 .- 1083-351X. ; 273:50, s. 33610-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By complementation of a salt-sensitive mutant of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, we cloned the SOP1 gene, encoding a 114.5-kDa protein of 1033 amino acids. Cells deleted for SOP1 exhibited sensitivity to sodium stress, but showed no sensitivity to general osmotic stress. Following exposure of sop1Delta cells to NaCl stress, the intracellular Na+ level and the Na+/K+ ratio rose to values significantly higher than in wild type cells. Deletion of SOP2, encoding a protein sharing 54% amino acid identity with Sop1p, produced only slight Na+ sensitivity. Cells carrying a sop1Deltasop2Delta double deletion became, however, hypersensitive to Na+ and exhibited increased sensitivity also to Li+ and K+, suggesting involvement of both SOP1 and SOP2 in cation homeostasis. The predicted amino acid sequences of Sop1p and Sop2p show significant homologies with the cytoskeletal-associated protein encoded by the Drosophila lethal(2)giant larvae tumor suppressor gene. Immunolocalization of Sop1p revealed a cytoplasmic distribution and cell fractionation studies showed that a significant fraction of Sop1p was recovered in a sedimentable fraction of the cytosolic material. Expression of a Drosophila l(2)gl cDNA in the sop1Deltasop2Delta strain partially restored the Na+ tolerance of the cells, indicating a functional relationship between the Sop proteins and the tumor suppressor protein, and a novel function in cell homeostasis for this family of proteins extending from yeast to human.
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| 50. |
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