| 1. |
- Alricsson, Marie, et al.
(författare)
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Back to work - evaluation of multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme with emphasis on musculoskeletal disorders. A two year follow-up
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Rehabilitation Research. - 0342-5282 .- 1473-5660. ; 30:1, s. 35-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the 2-year outcome of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme for working-age people, regarding sick leave and mental health. Method. The test persons consisted of 40 women and 20 men (mean age 46.8 +/- SD 7.9) with musculoskeletal disorders, mainly neck and back pain. The rehabilitation programme was individually adapted and consisted of physical activity in several forms, relaxation, theoretical and practical education and individual guidance. Before, during and after the programme all participants were evaluated with the Global Self-Efficacy Index, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and stress test. Results. At the 2-year follow-up full-time sick leave had decreased by 37% (p < 0.0001) in the women, and by 25% (p < 0.05) in the men. Both women and men showed an increased quality of life (QoL) and decreased anxiety, depression and self-experienced stress at the 2-year follow-up compared with the start of the rehabilitation programme. Conclusions. The most important conclusion was that the effects of the rehabilitation programme persisted for up to 2 years. At 2 years the majority of the participants were still physically active, their QoL was increased, and most participants had returned to work.
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| 2. |
- Eklund, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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An experimental exposure study revealing composite airway effects of physical exercise in a subzero environment
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Circumpolar Health. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1239-9736 .- 2242-3982. ; 80:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exposure to a cold climate is associated with an increased morbidity and mortality, but the specific mechanisms are largely unknown. People with cardiopulmonary disease and winter endurance athletes are particularly vulnerable. This study aimed to map multiple domains of airway responses to exercise in subzero temperature in healthy individuals.Thirty-one healthy subjects underwent whole-body exposures for 50 minutes on two occasions in an environmental chamber with intermittent moderate-intensity exercise in +10 °C and -10 °C. Lung function, plasma/urine CC16 , and symptoms were investigated before and after exposures.Compared to baseline, exercise in -10 °C decreased FEV1 (p=0.002), FEV1/FVC (p<0.001), and increased R20Hz (p=0.016), with no differences between exposures. Reactance increased after +10 °C (p=0.005), which differed (p=0.042) from a blunted response after exercise in -10 °C. Plasma CC16 increased significantly within exposures, without differences between exposures. Exercise in -10 °C elicited more intense symptoms from the upper airways, compared to +10 °C. Symptoms from the lower airways were few and mild. Short-duration moderate-intensity exercise in -10 °C induces mild symptoms from the lower airways, no lung function decrements or enhanced leakage of biomarkers of airway epithelial injury, and no peripheral bronchodilatation, compared to exercise in +10 °C.
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| 3. |
- Eklund, Linda, 1982-
(författare)
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Cold air, physical activity, and the airways : epidemiological and experimental studies
- 2023
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Cold exposure is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Elite cross-country skiers are regularly exposed to cold, dry air and have a high prevalence of asthma compared to the Swedish population. However, evidence is limited regarding how a combination of sub-zero temperatures and physical activity affects the airways of healthy individuals.Aims: The aims of this thesis were to study the prevalence of self-reported asthma, age at asthma onset, and predictors of asthma in Swedish endurance athletes, with a focus on cross-country skiers. This thesis also aimed to assess the effects of subzero temperature and physical activity on healthy human airways.Methods: Study 1 (papers I-II) consisted of an annual postal questionnaire investigating asthma prevalence and predictors of asthma that was sent to invited athletes in 2011–2015. Invited athletes were Swedish elite cross-country skiers, biathletes, ski orienteers, and orienteers from Swedish National Elite Sport Schools, national teams, and Swedish Ski Universities, or top orienteers according to national ranking. Former Swedish Olympic skiers and an adolescent reference group were invited in 2013. Paper I included cross-sectional data from 2011 for adolescents/adults and from 2013 for former skiers (n=491). Paper II included adolescent elite skiers (n=253) from the Swedish National Elite Sport Schools invited during 2011-2013, as well as a reference group (n=500) aged 16-20 years that was matched for school municipalities and invited in 2013. Study 2 (papers III-IV) comprised whole-body experimental exposure of healthy adults to sub-zero temperatures and exercise in an environmental chamber. Lung function and biochemical markers in plasma and urine were measured before and after exposure. Symptoms were investigated before, during, and after exposure. In both trials, study subjects were exposed for 50 min on two separate occasions in randomized order. Paper III comprised 31 subjects and moderate-intensity exercise (30 min running at 62-78% of VO2max), at 10°C vs. -10°C. Paper IV included 29 subjects and hard-intensity exercise (30 min of running at 85% of VO2max) vs. rest, both at a temperature of -15°C.Results: In paper I, the overall response rate was 82%. Athletes reporting asthma in the different age categories were: 29% of skiers (38% of the female skiers) and 17% of orienteers (p=0.071) among 15 to 19-year-olds; 35% of skiers and 16% of orienteers (p=0.029) among 20 to 34-year-olds; and 22% of the skiers aged 40–94 years. Asthma onset occurred in adolescence among the active athletes. Increasing age, female sex, allergy, family history of allergy/asthma, and being a skier were predictors of self-reported physician-diagnosed asthma. In paper II, the response rate was 96% for skiers and 48% for the reference group. Skiers reported a higher prevalence of self-reported physician-diagnosed asthma than the reference population (27% vs. 19%, p=0.046). Physician-diagnosed asthma was more frequently reported by female skiers than male skiers (34% vs. 20%, p=0.021). Median age at asthma onset was higher among skiers than in the reference population (12.0 vs. 8.0 years; p<0.001). Female sex, family history of asthma, nasal allergy, and being a skier were risk factors associated with self-reported physician-diagnosed asthma. In paper III, exercise at -10°C decreased FEV1 (p=0.002) and FEV1/FVC (p<0.001) and increased resistance at 20 Hz (p=0.016) to similar magnitudes as exercise at 10°C. Exercise at 10°C increased reactance (p=0.005), which differed (p=0.042) from a less pronounced response after exercise at -10°C. Plasma CC16 increased similarly after both exposures, without significant differences. More intense symptoms from the upper airways were reported after exercise at -10°C than at 10°C. Symptoms from the lower airways were few and mild. In paper IV, FEV1 decreased from baseline after both rest (p<0.001) and exercise (p=0.012) at -15°C, with no differences between exposures. Compared to rest, exercise at -15°C induced greater increases in reactance (p=0.023), plasma CC16 (p<0.001), and plasma IL-8 (p<0.001). Exercise gave rise to more intense symptoms from the lower airways, whereas rest induced more general symptoms.Conclusions: In the 1990s, a high prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma was reported among Swedish elite cross-country skiers, and our studies show that this has not changed. Asthma onset commonly occurs in early adolescence among skiers, in the beginning of their career. Being an elite skier is an independent risk factor associated with asthma. Targeted preventive measures should be introduced at an early age to avoid the development of asthma in endurance athletes. Healthy individuals performing short-duration moderate- and hard-intensity exercise in sub-zero temperatures responded with lung function changes and an increased airway permeability. These findings warrant further research on airway responses to sub-zero temperatures in vulnerable individuals such as elite endurance athletes.
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| 4. |
- Eklund, Linda M., et al.
(författare)
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Cold air exposure at -15 °C induces more airway symptoms and epithelial stress during heavy exercise than rest without aggravated airway constriction
- 2022
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Ingår i: European Journal of Applied Physiology. - : Springer. - 1439-6319 .- 1439-6327. ; 122:12, s. 2533-2544
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Exposure to cold air may harm the airways. It is unclear to what extent heavy exercise adds to the cold-induced effects on peripheral airways, airway epithelium, and systemic immunity among healthy individuals. We investigated acute effects of heavy exercise in sub-zero temperatures on the healthy airways.Methods: Twenty-nine healthy individuals underwent whole body exposures to cold air in an environmental chamber at − 15 °C for 50 min on two occasions; a 35-min exercise protocol consisting of a 5-min warm-up followed by 2 × 15 min of running at 85% of VO2max vs. 50 min at rest. Lung function was measured by impulse oscillometry (IOS) and spirometry before and immediately after exposures. CC16 in plasma and urine, and cytokines in plasma were measured before and 60 min after exposures. Symptoms were surveyed pre-, during and post-trials.Results: FEV1 decreased after rest (− 0.10 ± 0.03 L, p < 0.001) and after exercise (− 0.06 ± 0.02 L, p = 0.012), with no difference between trials. Exercise in − 15 °C induced greater increases in lung reactance (X5; p = 0.023), plasma CC16 (p < 0.001) as well as plasma IL-8 (p < 0.001), compared to rest. Exercise induced more intense symptoms from the lower airways, whereas rest gave rise to more general symptoms.Conclusion: Heavy exercise during cold air exposure at − 15 °C induced signs of an airway constriction to a similar extent as rest in the same environment. However, biochemical signs of airway epithelial stress, cytokine responses, and symptoms from the lower airways were more pronounced after the exercise trial.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Eriksson, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Symptom av måttlig träning i minusgrader : En experimentell exponeringsstudie
- 2018
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bakgrund: Exponering för kyla leder till ökad sjuklighet och dödlighet i befolkningen. Tidigare studier av symptom i samband med köldexponering har mestadels varit befolkningsbaserade enkätstudier fokuserade på ett smalt symptomspektrum. Syftet meddenna studie var att undersöka effekten av kyla och fysisk aktivitet på ett brett spektrumav symptom hos friska individer.Material och metod: Trettioen friska försökspersoner exponerades i en köldkammare för +10 °C och -10 °C under en timme, vid två separata tillfällen. Under varje exponeringsprang försökspersonerna intermittent på 62-78% av maximal syreupptagningsförmåga. Vid fem tillfällen, före, under och efter exponeringarna, frågades försökspersonerna om 18 symptom och dessas intensitet. Borgs CR10 skala användes för att skatta intensitetenfrån 0 till 11, där 0 betydde ”inget alls” och 11 betydde ”maximalt”. Maximalt Borg-värdeför varje symptom under exponeringarna jämfördes med värdena innan exponeringarna. Summan av alla fem Borg CR10-värdena jämfördes mellan de två exponeringarna. PairedWilcoxon signed-rank test användes för analyser. Data presenteras som medianvärden.Resultat: En signifikant stegring av symptomen hosta, ögonirritation, fysiskt obehag ochkalla extremiteter förekom endast vid -10 °C. I jämförelse med fysisk aktivitet i +10 °C, gav fysisk aktivitet i -10 °C upphov till signifikant högre summerade värden för ögonirritation 2,0 jfr 0,5 (p=0,011), rinit 12,0 jfr 8,0 (p=0,000), irritation i näsan 3,5 jfr 0,5 (p=0,001), kyla i ansiktet 7,0 jfr 1,0 (p=0,000), fysiskt obehag 6,5 jfr 0,0 (p=0,000), och kalla extremiteter 10,0 jfr 0,5 (p=0,000).Slutsats: Hos friska individer kan fysisk aktivitet på måttlig intensitet i -10 °C ge upphovtill och öka intensiteten av ett brett spektrum av symptom. Symptom från de nedre luftvägarna var milda och inte frekventa vid de aktuella exponeringarna.
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| 7. |
- Eriksson, Linda, et al.
(författare)
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Symptoms of moderate exercise in subzero temperatures - An experimental exposure study
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Respiratory Journal. - : European Respiratory Society. - 0903-1936 .- 1399-3003. ; 52
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Humans react to cold with various symptoms. Previous studies enquiring about symptoms during cold exposure have for the most part been population based studies using questionnaries and have focused on a narrow spectrum of symptoms. The purpose of this study was to study the effect of cold air and physical exercise on a wide range of symptoms in healthy individuals.A total of 31 healthy subjects were experimentally exposed to +10 °C and -10 °C in an environmental chamber for one hour, on two separate occasions. During each exposure, subjects performed an intermittent moderate-intensity running protocol between 62-78% of maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max). At five timepoints, before, during and after the exposures, subjects were asked about 18 symptoms and their intensity. The Borg CR10 scale was used to rate the intensity from 0 to 11, where 0 meant "none" and 11 meant "maximal". The sum of all five Borg CR10-scores were added together to form a single score for each exposure. Paired Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for analysis. Data are presented as medians.Symptoms of cough, eye irritation, physical discomfort, and cold extremities were present only at -10 °C. Compared to exercise in +10 °C, exercise in -10 °C induced significantly higher summed symptom scores for eye irritation 2.0 vs 0.5 (p=0.011), rhinitis 12.0 vs 8.0 (p=0.000), nasal irritation 3.5 vs 0.5 (p=0.001), cold face 7.0 vs 1.0 (p=0.000), physical discomfort 6.5 vs 0.0 (p=0.000), and cold extremities 10.0 vs 0.5 (p=0.000).In healthy subjects, moderate-intensity exercise in -10 °C can induce and enhance the intensity of a wide range of symptoms. Symptoms of the lower airways were infrequent and mild.
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| 8. |
- Ersson, Annika, et al.
(författare)
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Perceptions of Tuberculosis Among Individuals Born in a High-Endemic Setting, Now Living in a Low-Endemic Setting
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health. - : Springer. - 1557-1912 .- 1557-1920. ; 21:6, s. 1373-1379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Of all individuals diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) in Sweden 2015 were 90% born in other countries. Early diagnosis and treatment is essential to avoid TB transmission. Lack of knowledge about TB and anticipated negative social consequences have proved to be significant contributing factors to delay in seeking health care. This study aimed to understand the perception of TB among people originating from a high-endemic region, currently living in a low-endemic region. A qualitative study design, with male and female participants from a high-endemic region divided into focus groups. A semi-structured interview guide was used to elicit their perceptions of TB. A qualitative content analysis was performed on the recorded material from the interviews. The informants noted that their attitude towards individuals with TB had changed, previously they had felt prejudiced towards them whereas now they felt supportive. It seems possible to diminish TB stigma by ensuring suitable health care is available in combination with correct information about transmission, infectiousness and treatment.
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| 9. |
- Essner, Ann, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of Polar® RS800CX heart rate monitor and electrocardiogram for measuring inter-beat intervals in healthy dogs
- 2015
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Ingår i: Physiology and Behavior. - : Elsevier. - 0031-9384 .- 1873-507X. ; 138:January, s. 247-253
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to assess the criterion validity, relative reliability and level of agreement ofPolar® RS800CX heart rate monitor measuring inter-beat intervals (IBIs), compared to simultaneously recordedelectrocardiogram (ECG) in dogs.Methods: Five continuous minutes of simultaneously recorded IBIs from Polar® RS800CX and Cardiostore ECG in11 adult healthy dogs maintaining standing position were analyzed. Polar® data was statistically compared toECG data to assess for systematic differences between the methods. Three different methods for handling missingIBI data were used. Criterion validities were calculated by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and corresponding95% confidence intervals (CIs). Relative reliabilities and levels of agreement were calculated by ICCsand the Bland and Altman analysis for repeated measurements per subject.Results: Correlation coefficients between IBI data from ECG and Polar® RS800CX varied between 0.73 and 0.84depending on how missing values were handled. Polar® was over- and underestimating IBI data compared toECG. The mean difference in log transformed (base10) IBI data was 0.8%, and 93.2% of the values were withinthe limits of agreement. Internally excluding three subjects presenting IBI series containing more than 5% erroneousIBIs resulted in ICCs between 0.97 and 0.99. Bland and Altman analysis (n = 8) showed mean differencewas 1.8 ms, and 98.5% of the IBI values were plotted inside limits of agreement.Conclusion: This study showed that Polar® systematically biased recorded IBI series and that it was fundamentalto detect measurement errors. For Polar® RS800CX heart rate monitor to be used interchangeably to ECG, byshowing excellent criterion validity and reliable IBI measures in group and individual samples, only less than5% of artifacts could be accepted.
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| 10. |
- Essner, Ann, Medicine Doktor, PhD, et al.
(författare)
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Investigating the Probability of Response Bias in Owner-Perceived Pain Assessment in Dogs With Osteoarthritis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Topics in Companion Animal Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 1938-9736 .- 1946-9837. ; 39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Owners’ ability to recognize signs of chronic pain in dogs undergoing pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic pain interventions during a period of physical rehabilitation is not known. This study aimed to compare dogs with and without chronic pain, and to assess the relationship between explanatory factors, including the probability of owners’ response bias induced by pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic pain intervention, and chronic pain in dogs with osteoarthritis (OA). Seventy-one dogs with OA were included in this observational study. Owner-perceived pain interference was measured by Canine Brief Pain Inventory (CBPI) and owner-perceived pain behavior was assessed using Helsinki Chronic Pain Index. A dichotomous variable of Helsinki Chronic Pain Index was used in regression analysis to investigate the association between chronic pain and explanatory factors (body condition, anti-inflammatory medication, animal physiotherapy consultation once or more and owners’ perception of pain interfering). Seventy-five percent of the dogs had ongoing anti-inflammatory medication, 51% of were overweight and 45% had a physiotherapy consultation. Higher levels of overt pain behaviors were reported in items addressing activities. Body condition, physiotherapy consultation and medication were not associated with chronic pain. Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals of OR for the CBPI were 1.74 (1.23-2.47) and significantly associated with chronic pain. The adjusted OR of the CBPI did not differ from the crude OR. Owner-perceived pain behavior was not confounded by the dogs’ medication. Results indicated that CBPI was not mediated by the medication. The CBPI pain interference score was not associated with response bias and may be used as clinical outcome measure of chronic pain and pain-related disability in dogs with OA along a period of physical rehabilitation comprising pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic pain interventions.
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| 11. |
- Essner, Ann, 1971-
(författare)
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On assessment methods related to pain in dogs with osteoarthritis
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- There is a need of valid and reliable assessment methods that are clinically applicable in canine rehabilitation practice. The aim of this thesis was to psychometrically evaluate measurement properties in assessment methods related to pain in naturally occurring canine osteoarthritis. Assessment methods developed for heart rate variability analysis, i.e. Polar heart rate monitor, and owner-reported perceptions of pain severity and pain interference with functionality, i.e. Canine Brief Pain Inventory, were tested.Methods: Four observational studies were conducted. Study I was a cross-sectional study consisting of two groups of consecutively recruited dogs. The Canine Brief Pain Inventory was administered to owners of dogs with naturally occurring osteoarthritis (n=61) and clinically sound dogs (n=21). Study II was a descriptive and correlative cross-sectional study based on the same sample of dogs with osteoarthritis (n=71), assessing chronic pain behavior and associations between explanatory variables and chronic pain behavior. Study III and IV were correlative studies, assessing Polar heart rate monitor measuring interbeat intervals and time- and frequency-based heart rate variability parameters, compared to simultaneously recorded electrocardiogram in dogs (n=11).Results: High internal consistencies and ability to discriminate sound dogs from osteoarthritis dogs were found. The hypothesis of the presented two-factor structure of the Canine Brief Pain Inventory was rejected. Owners reported higher proportions of chronic pain behavior in items targeting physical activities, e.g. getting up, moving after rest and moving after major exercise. A minor proportion of dogs with osteoarthritis showed no owner-perceived behavioural signs of chronic pain. Owner observations were not associated with ongoing antiinflammatory medications. In Study III and IV, 595 errors (12.3%) were identified in Polar data. The number of errors were unequally distributed among the dogs. Interbeat intervals and heart rate variability parameters from electrocardiogram and Polar were strongly associated. Standard error of measurements were high among some heart rate variability parameters in Polar and electrocardiogram.In conclusion, this thesis contributes to our knowledge about assessment methods related to diverse components of pain in dogs with osteoarthritis, allowing improved pain management in clinical practice.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Essner, Ann, et al.
(författare)
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Psychometric evaluation of the canine brief pain inventory in a Swedish sample of dogs with pain related to osteoarthritis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-605X .- 1751-0147. ; 59:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: To evaluate intervention, implement evidence-based practice and enhance the welfare of dogs with naturally occurring osteoarthritis (OA), access to valid, reliable and clinically relevant outcome measures is crucial for researchers, veterinarians and rehabilitation practitioners. The objectives of the present study were to translate and evaluate psychometric properties, in terms of internal consistency and construct validity, of the owner-reported measure canine brief pain inventory (CBPI) in a Swedish sample of dogs with pain related to OA.RESULTS: Twenty-one owners of clinically sound dogs and 58 owners of dogs with pain related to OA were included in this observational and cross-sectional study. After being translated according to the guidelines for patient-reported outcome measures, the CBPI was completed by the canine owners. Construct validity was assessed by confirmatory factor analysis, by repeating the principal component analysis and by assessing for differences between clinically sound dogs and dogs with pain related to OA. Internal consistency was estimated by Cronbach's α. Confirmatory factor analysis was not able to confirm the factor-structure models tested in our sample. Principal component analysis showed a two-component structure, pain severity and pain interference of function. Two components accounted for 76.8% of the total variance, suggesting an acceptable fit of a two-component structure. The ratings from the clinically sound dogs differed from OA dogs and showed significantly lower CBPI total sum. Cronbach's α was 0.94 for the total CBPI, 0.91 for the pain severity and 0.91 for the pain interference of function.CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that the translated version of the CBPI is valid for use in the Swedish language. The findings suggest satisfying psychometric properties in terms of high internal consistencies and ability to discriminate clinically sound dogs from OA dogs. However, based on the confirmatory factor analysis, the original factor structure in the CBPI is not ideally suited to measure pain related to OA in our sample and the hypothesis of the presented two-factor structure was rejected. Further research needs to be conducted to determine whether the original psychometric results from CBPI can be replicated across different target groups and particularly with larger sample size.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Essner, Ann, et al.
(författare)
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Validation of a translated version of the Canine Brief Pain Inventory for the measure of pain severity and functional movements in canine osteoarthritis
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Small Animal Practice. - : Wiley. - 0022-4510 .- 1748-5827. ; 57:Suppl. 2, s. 8-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reasons for performing study: The Canine Brief Pain Inventory (CBPI) is a caregiver-reported questionnaire designed to assess pain severity and the impact of pain on activities, such as functional movements, in canine osteoarthritis (OA). The English version of CBPI has displayed satisfactory psychometric properties, in canine OA. To be used in another language the CBPI has to be properly translated and tested.Objectives: To report some psychometric properties of a translated version of the CBPI (CBPI-S), in a group of dogs diagnosed with OA.Study design: Observational, cross-sectional.Methods: Twenty-one caregivers of clinically sound dogs and 61 caregivers of dogs with OA were prospectively included in this study. After being translated, according to recommendations for patient-reported outcome measures, the CBPI-S was completed by the caregivers. Construct validity (the ability to measure what it is supposed to measure) was assessed by repeating the principal component analysis and by assessing for differences between sound dogs and dogs with OA using Mann–Whitney U test. Internal consistency (the correlation among items) was estimated by Cronbach's α.Results: Principal component analysis showed a two-component structure (pain severity and impact of pain). Two components accounted for 76 · 8% of the total variance, suggesting an acceptable fit of a two-component structure. Inter-item correlations were good (overall > 0 · 39) and mean inter-item correlation was 0 · 79 for severity items and 0 · 62 for impact items. Clinically sound dogs differed from OA dogs and showed significantly lower CBPI-S total score. Cronbach's α was 0 · 94 for the total CBPI-S, 0 · 91 for the pain severity and 0 · 91 for the impact of pain.Conclusion: Our results supplement the knowledge with the CBPI by verifying the easy to use utility. Also, by repeating satisfying construct validity and high internal consistency of CBPI-S our results indicate that the translated version seems valid for use in another language.Ethical animal research: The study was approved by the Local Animal Ethics Committee in Uppsala. Informed client consent was obtained for all animals used in the study.Sources of funding: This study was funded by Evidensia Djursjukvård, Svelands Stiftelse, Jan Skogsborgs Stiftelse and Agria & Svenska Kennelklubbens Forskningsfond.
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| 16. |
- Essner, Ann, et al.
(författare)
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Validity and reliability of Polar® RS800CX heart rate monitor, measuring heart rate in dogs during standing position and at trot on a treadmill
- 2013
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Ingår i: Physiology and Behavior. - : Elsevier BV. - 0031-9384 .- 1873-507X. ; 114-115, s. 1-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to assess criterion validity, and relative and absolute reliability of Polar® RS800CX heart rate monitor, compared to simultaneously recorded electrocardiogram (ECG) data, in measuring heart rate of dogs during standing position and at trot on a treadmill.MethodsHeart beats from Polar® RS800CX and Cardiostore ECG were recorded simultaneously during seven continuous minutes in standing position and at trot, in 10 adult healthy dogs. Polar® data was statistically compared to ECG data for a variety of mean beats per minute (BPM), standard deviation and confidence interval. Criterion validity was calculated by Pearson product moment correlation method and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC2.1). Relative and absolute reliability were calculated by ICC2.1, the Bland and Altman analysis and standard error of measurement (SEM and SEM%).ResultsThe correlation, criterion validity, between Polar® and ECG data in standing position was r = 0.99 (p < 0.0005) and at trot r = 0.97 (p < 0.0005). Polar® data was not significantly different from ECG data. Mean difference between ECG and uncorrected Polar® data was − 0.6 BPM in standing position and − 0.6 BPM at trot. Polar® was over- and underestimating ECG data. SEM and SEM% in standing were ± 2.6 BPM and 3.0%, at trot ± 3.8 BPM and 3.1%, indicating that measurement errors were low.ConclusionThis study showed that the criterion validity and the instrument reliability were excellent in Polar® RS800CX heart rate measuring system. The equipment seemed to be valid and reliable in measuring BPM in the dogs studied during submaximal cardiovascular conditions such as in standing position and at trot on a treadmill.
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| 17. |
- Essner, Ann, et al.
(författare)
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Validity and reliability properties of canine short-term heart rate variability measures-a pilot study
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Veterinary Behavior. - : Elsevier BV. - 1558-7878 .- 1878-7517. ; 10:5, s. 384-390
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the pilot study was to compare validity and reliability properties of Polar RS800CX (Polar Electro Oy, Kempele, Finland) against simultaneously recorded electrocardiogram (ECG) measuring time- and frequency-based short-term heart rate variability (HRV) parameters, in dogs during stationary standing position. Five-minute recordings with less than 5% error rates from inter-beat interval (IBI) series obtained by Polar RS800CX and ECG, in 8 adult dogs, were used for HRV analysis. Polar data were statistically compared to the ECG data to assess for systematic differences in time- and frequency-based HRV parameters. Relative and absolute reliabilities were estimated by intraclass correlation coefficient, Spearman ρ, Bland and Altman analysis, standard error of measurement, and standard error of measurements in percentage. Paired t test was used to determine the statistical significance of differences between the measurement methods. Results: There were high correlation coefficients between HRV parameters obtained from Polar RS800CX and ECG. Intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.98-1.00, and Spearman ρ was 0.93-0.98. There were differences between the methods in 2 HRV parameters, the standard deviation of normal-to-normal IBIs (SDNN) (P = 0.035) and the square root of the mean squared differences of successive normal-to normal IBIs (RMSSD) (P = 0.034). Standard error of measurements was between 2.8-11.6% in ECG and between 2.6-11.8% in Polar, indicating rather high measurement error in 3 of the HRV parameters in both measurement methods. Close agreements and high correlation estimates in this pilot study indicated acceptable relative reliability in Polar RS800CX measuring time- and frequency-based HRV parameters in the group of dogs studied. However, the present pilot study revealed differences between Polar RS800CX and ECG in time-based standard deviation of normal-to-normal and square root of the mean squared differences of successive normal-to normal parameters, and that small amounts of erroneous IBI segments from Polar negatively impact on the validity and reliability properties of Polar RS800CX. © 2015 Elsevier Inc.
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| 18. |
- Harryson, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Provoked vulvodynia from a patient perspective : physiotherapy made a difference
- 2024
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Ingår i: European Journal of Physiotherapy. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2167-9169 .- 2167-9177.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Vulvodynia is considered to be a common cause of sexual pain in women of reproductive age and has a significant negative impact on their psycho-sexual health and quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the felt and known experience of living with provoked vulvodynia (PVD) in a group of women in Sweden and to explore the support, information, and treatment perceived to be important based on experienced symptoms.Methods: Ten women recruited by staff, from the vulva clinic at two hospitals in Sweden, participated in individual interviews. The results were analysed using qualitative content analysis.Results: The analysis resulted in the overarching theme ‘The women’s dilemmas regarding a sustainable daily life’. This theme is based on the difficulties the women experienced in being listened to and getting information and treatment to have the quality of life they want. Most important was understanding their own body, understanding the purpose of the treatment, and getting manual guidance to break the fear of pain.Conclusion: The results give a detailed picture of women’s experiences of PVD and delineate components of treatment perceived as important. This interview study is significant for healthcare professionals involved as the knowledge can contribute to faster diagnosis and better patient-specific treatment. The study may also guide future healthcare-related political decisions and the patient flow for these patients.
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| 19. |
- Köpsén, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Midwives' and diabetes nurses' experience of screening and care of women with gestational diabetes mellitus : a qualitative interview study
- 2023
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Ingår i: Nursing Research and Practice. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 2090-1429 .- 2090-1437. ; 2023
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is increasing and is associated with adverse outcomes for both mother and child. The metabolic demands of pregnancy can reveal a predisposition for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and women with a history of GDM are more likely to develop T2DM than women with normoglycemic pregnancies.Aim: The aim of this study was to explore midwives' and diabetes nurses' experience of their role in screening, care, and follow-up of women with gestational diabetes mellitus and, further, to explore their opinions and thoughts about existing routines and guidelines.Method: Individual interviews were performed with ten diabetes nurses and eight midwives working in primary and special care. Qualitative content analysis was done according to Graneheim and Lundman.Results: The analysis of the interviews resulted in the overall theme "An act of balance between normalcy and illness, working for motivation with dilemmas throughout the chain of health care."Difficulties in carrying out the important task of handling GDM while at the same time keeping the pregnancy in focus were central. Women were described as highly motivated to maintain a healthy lifestyle during pregnancy with the baby in mind, but it seemed difficult to maintain this after delivery, and compliance with long-term follow-up with the aim of reducing the risk of T2DM was low. The women came to the first follow-up but did not continue with later contact. This was at a time when the women felt healthy and were focusing on the baby and not themselves. A lack of cooperation and easy access to a dietician and physiotherapist were pointed out as well as a wish for resources such as group activities and multiprofessional teams.
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| 20. |
- Köpsén, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Patients' Experiences of a Stress-Management Programme in Primary Care
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare. - : Dove Medical Press Ltd.. - 1178-2390. ; 13, s. 207-216
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Stress and stress-related ill health have a multifactorial impact; both on physical and mental health. To better meet this category of patients a primary care unit started a stress-management programme using cognitive behavioural therapy and basic body awareness therapy. Purpose: To describe participant's experiences of a primary care stress-management programme using cognitive behavioural therapy and basic body awareness therapy.Methods: In a qualitative study, a semi-structured interview guide was used in individual interviews with 9 people, all women aged 41-57, working or on sick leave, who had enrolled in the stress-management programme. The material was analysed through qualitative content analysis.Results: The analysis resulted in the theme "Process of change for a sustainable everyday living". The participants described having gained awareness of the symptoms of their stress, knowledge and tools to manage their stress, ways to relax, awareness of their body, and the means to develop better habits and to change their behaviour. Fundamental in the material was the importance of participants' identification with the others in the group.Conclusion: The participants started a process of change with new knowledge and growth, but they encountered difficulties and obstacles. Behavioural change is a time-consuming process.
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| 21. |
- Nordahl, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of returning to elite alpine skiing after ACL injury and ACL reconstruction
- 2014
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Ingår i: International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 0334-0139 .- 2191-0278. ; 26:1, s. 69-77
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: To explore the experiences of alpine skiing at the elite level after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and reconstruction.Design: A qualitative approach where semi-structured interviews were conducted, and an analysis of the manifest content was performed.Participants: Five ski high school students, two male and three female skiers, who had suffered ACL injuries and undergone ACL reconstructions.Results: Seven categories were identified. The participants described their perceived opportunities with regard to returning to alpine skiing after ACL injury and reconstruction as something positive to do with self-belief, being mentally and physically prepared, regaining confidence in their own ability, being given time and using active strategies. In contrast, perceived barriers to a return to elite alpine skiing gave rise to negative feelings, for example, fear, disheartenment, a total lack of or ambivalent confidence in their own ability and the use of passive strategies.Conclusion: The two male skiers returned to alpine skiing. They reported confidence in their own ability, active strategies and support on all levels, as well as enhanced physical ability. The female skiers did not return to their pre-injury level of competitive alpine skiing. They stated a lack of support on all levels, deterioration in their physical ability and two out of three reported passive strategies and no or ambivalent confidence in their own ability. The most important factors were family support, support on all levels, access to a physiotherapist and time given.
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| 22. |
- Persson, Lovisa, et al.
(författare)
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A compulsory school in need of a physiotherapist : an interview study
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Adolescence and Youth. - : Routledge. - 0267-3843 .- 2164-4527. ; 29:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Physical activity among schoolchildren is declining. Increased physical activity and motor training in school have shown good effects on health, learning and school performance. Physiotherapists can cooperate with school staff, but there are challenges in terms of environment and working methods. The study aim was to explore the attitude of compulsory school staff to physiotherapeutic competence in school and in student health care. Interviews were conducted with school staff and student health care team members. Data were analysed with qualitative content analysis. Based on categories and subcategories, a theme was identified as The physiotherapist as a piece of the student health care team puzzle. The staff were positive about the competence, gave suggestions on work areas, and could see advantages to including a physiotherapist on staff. More studies are needed in the field, especially regarding inclusion of physiotherapists in teams that work to promote health and prevent illness and injury.
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| 23. |
- Sinclair, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in Pes Planus and Pes Cavus subtalar eversion/inversion before and after prolonged running, using a two-dimensional digital analysis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation. - : Korean Society of Exercise Rehabilitation. - 2288-176X .- 2288-1778. ; 13:2, s. 232-239
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In sports, there is a constant discussion about the hyper-pronation and supination of the foot during loading and its relation to injuries or discomfort. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the possible differences in the subtalar joint in the midstance phase of running, between individuals with Pes Planus and Pes Cavus, after 5 min and 45 min of running. Thirty-four subjects, meeting the requirements for Pes Planus (30 feet) and Pes Cavus (35 feet), according to the criteria for Medial Longitudinal Arch-angle, were included in the study. The calcaneal vertical angle, representing the eversion/inversion of the subtalar joint, was measured using with two-dimensional digital analysis and Dartfish Software with the subjects running barefoot on a treadmill, before and after 45 min of outside running wearing shoes. Both individuals with Pes Cavus and Pes Planus showed a significant increase in the calcaneal eversion (P<0.05) after 45 min of running. Between the groups, there was a significantly greater eversion of the Pes Planus, on the right foot, after 45 min of running (P<0.05) compared to the Pes Cavus. The effect of fatigue evident in the present study suggests that further biomechanical research should be considered when exposing the foot to the repetitive nature of running, conditions most likely responsible for the overrepresented overuse injuries among runners.
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| 24. |
- Sjöström, Rita, et al.
(författare)
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Back to work : evaluation of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program with emphasis on mental symptoms; A two-year follow up
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare. - : Dove Press. - 1178-2390. ; 5, s. 145-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim of this investigation was to analyze temporal changes in anxiety, depression, and stress in patients with musculoskeletal pain for a period of up to 2 years after a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program, in relation to sick-listing (registered with The Swedish Social Insurance Agency [Forsakringskassan] for sickness benefit).Methods: Ten persons with full-time sick leave (absence from work for medical reasons) (group 1) and 49 with part-time or no sick leave (group 2) at the end of the 2-year study period participated. It was shown in a previous study that group 1 had higher pain rating and higher subjective physical disability than group 2, with little or no improvement during and after rehabilitation. In the present study, all participants were evaluated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale and a self-rated stress test.Results: Participants with full-time sick leave during the study period (group 1) showed improved stress levels but no change in anxiety and depression levels. Anxiety, depression, and stress changed more favorably in participants with part-time or no sick leave than in those with full-time sick leave.Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that investigation and appropriate treatment of psychological symptoms, including anxiety and depression, are important in multidisciplinary rehabilitation of patients with musculoskeletal disorders
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| 25. |
- Sjöström, Rita, et al.
(författare)
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Back to work - A two year outcome of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme focused on physical function and pain
- 2009
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 31:3, s. 237-242
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. To analyze why some responded positively to rehabilitation and why some did not. Method. Sixty participants with musculoskeletal disorders, mainly neck and back pain participated in a 7-week rehabilitation programme which was based on a combination of theoretical and practical education and physical activities. Before and after the programme and 6, 12 and 24 months after completion of the programme all participants were evaluated with the Disability Rating Index (DRI) and Pain Intensity Rating on a Visual analogue scale (VAS). Results. In the participants who had full-time sick leave from the start of the programme to the 2-year follow-up (Group I) self-experienced physical disability and pain ratings were high and showed no decrease and were maintained up until the 2-year follow-up. For the participants who had part-time sick leave or no sick leave (Group II) physical disability and pain ratings were initially lower than in Group I and decreased gradually, (p < 0.01) and (p < 0.05), respectively throughout the 2-year follow-up period. Conclusion. Participants in Group I did not benefit from the rehabilitation programme and did not show improvement in their physical disability and pain rating. Group II showed decreased physical disability and pain rating. The decrease was gradual and was maintained up until the 2-year follow-up period. These results may indicate that persons with musculoskeletal pain with severe disability and pain require other rehabilitation programmes than those with moderate symptoms. This research has highlighted the need for development of such programmes.
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| 26. |
- Sjöström, Rita, et al.
(författare)
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Back to work- evaluation of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme with emphasis on musculoskeletal disorders. : A two-year follow-up.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 30:9, s. 649-655
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. The aim of this study was to evaluate the 2-year outcome of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme for working-age people, regarding sick leave and mental health. Method. The test persons consisted of 40 women and 20 men (mean age 46.8 +/- SD 7.9) with musculoskeletal disorders, mainly neck and back pain. The rehabilitation programme was individually adapted and consisted of physical activity in several forms, relaxation, theoretical and practical education and individual guidance. Before, during and after the programme all participants were evaluated with the Global Self-Efficacy Index, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and stress test. Results. At the 2-year follow-up full-time sick leave had decreased by 37% (p < 0.0001) in the women, and by 25% (p < 0.05) in the men. Both women and men showed an increased quality of life (QoL) and decreased anxiety, depression and self-experienced stress at the 2-year follow-up compared with the start of the rehabilitation programme. Conclusions. The most important conclusion was that the effects of the rehabilitation programme persisted for up to 2 years. At 2 years the majority of the participants were still physically active, their QoL was increased, and most participants had returned to work.
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| 27. |
- Sjöström, Rita, et al.
(författare)
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Barriers to and possibilities of returning to work after a multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme : A qualitative interview study
- 2011
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 39:3, s. 243-250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this qualitative study was to explore experiences of sick-listed persons of not returning to work during a six-year period after participation in an extensive multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme. Participants: The study comprised ten participants with musculoskeletal disorders, mainly neck and back pain. Methods: Semi-structured interviews were conducted and analysed by manifest content analysis. Results: This led to identification of three primary categories and six sub-categories, which described the participants' experiences of barriers to and possibilities of returning to work, and indicated what strategies they used to cope with everyday life. The participants described that the main barriers to returning to work were pain and somatic symptoms, fatigue, and not fulfilling the work requirements. Participants considered physical activity a key factor in coping with pain. Most participants thought that they had residual work ability, and could utilise this if they could get a modified job adapted to their own capacity. Conclusions: Our study highlights the importance of utilising residual working ability at workplaces. Finding flexible work possibilities requires an understanding and supportive attitude on the part of both the employer and the social insurance office.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Sjöström, Rita, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a Health-Management Course for Recently Settled Immigrants
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of International Migration and Integration. - : Springer. - 1488-3473 .- 1874-6365. ; 23:1, s. 365-381
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study aims to evaluate an intervention, consisting of nine weeks of health-management course, combined with social and working life orientation and language instruction for recently settled immigrants in Sweden. One hundred one participants in the intervention groups and 48 participants in the control group participated. The intervention consisted of a health management course combined with social and working life orientation and the control group participated in the regular local authority program for social and working life orientation. Measurement instruments were health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and registration of work rate. Several participants in the groups were in work, primarily in subsidized employment, after six months. Recently settled men were employed to a greater extent than the women, where poorer physical and mental health could be observed among women in this study. Participants in the intervention and the control groups had maintained HRQoL from pre-intervention to six months post-intervention. More studies investigating the participants experiences of the health-managing course but also more homogenous measurements in studies for recently settled immigrants are needed.
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| 30. |
- Sjöström, Rita, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program with emphasis on musculoskeletal disorders : A 5-year follow-up
- 2013
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 45:2, s. 175-182
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to perform a 5-year follow-up of a 7-week multidisciplinary rehabilitation program focusing on pain, physical disability, anxiety and depression as well as stress and sick leave and to compare the results from the baseline, a 2-year follow-up and this 5-year follow-up. PARTICIPANTS: Out of 60 participants of the original rehabilitation program 54 were followed-up after 5 years. METHODS: The rehabilitation program was individually adapted and consisted of physical activity in several forms as well as theoretical and practical education. At baseline (start of study) and 2 and 5 years after completion of the rehabilitation program all participants were evaluated in terms of sick leave, pain rating (Visual Analogue Scale), the Disability Rating Index, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Stress Test. RESULTS: Between the start of the program and the 5-year follow-up pain rating (P < 0.017) and the rate of full-time sick leave (P < 0.0005) decreased. Physical disability, anxiety, depression and stress were maintained from the 2-year follow-up until the 5-year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The rehabilitation program seemed to have had an effect on the participant's ability to manage with symptoms long after the end of the rehabilitation program. Most participants had returned to work, and reported less pain. The improvements made in physical disability and mental health prior to the 2-year follow-up were maintained at the 5-year follow-up occasion.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Sjöström, Rita, et al.
(författare)
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Learning Experiences Among GP Registrars After a Focused Cardiac Ultrasound Training Program : A Qualitative Interview Study
- 2020
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Ingår i: BMC Medical Education. - : Research Square. - 1472-6920.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Until recently, clinical ultrasound technology was limited to the hospital-based disciplines,and few studies assessed training in focused cardiac ultrasound (FCU) in primary care. We designed aninterview study among general practitioner (GP) registrars taking part in an FCU training program anddiscussed their experiences compared to their documented skills.Methods: This qualitative content analysis used an inductive approach. Five GP registrars and their tutorparticipated in semi-structured individual interviews during April–July 2017. Participants were interviewedafter they each had conducted 20 supervised and 7–10 independent examinations and were encouragedto complete self-directed study using video tutorials on web-based platforms. FCU examinations of studypatients recruited from primary care clinics were conducted with a hand-held device (Vscan 1.2) at theCentre of Clinical Research, Östersund Hospital, Sweden.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Sjöström, Rita
(författare)
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Multidisciplinary rehabilitation in musculoskeletal disorders : Quantitative and qualitative follow-up studies
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The primary aim of this investigation was to evaluate a seven-weekmultidisciplinary rehabilitation programme, with emphasis onmusculoskeletal disorders, for working-age people, by assessments at thestart and end of the rehabilitation programme, and at follow-upexaminations 6, 12 and 24 months after completion of the programme. Afurther aim was to explore the experiences of people not returning to workduring a period of six years after participation in an extensivemultidisciplinary rehabilitation programme.Sixty participants, 40 women and 20 men (mean age 46.8 ± SD 7.9), withmusculoskeletal disorders, mainly neck and back pain, participated in a 7-week rehabilitation programme which was based on a combination oftheoretical and practical education, physical activities, relaxation andindividual guidance. Before and after the programme and at the follow-upoccasions all participants were evaluated with the Global Self-EfficacyIndex (GSI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD), and Stress test(Study I). A group of participants who were still full-time sick-listed (GroupI) at the end of the study period were compared with participants who werepart-time or not sick-listed (Group II) at the end of the study period (II, III,IV). They were evaluated with the Disability Rating Index (DRI), with thePain Intensity Rating Index on a visual analogue scale (VAS) (II, III)),mobility tests (III), GSI (III), HAD, and a stress test (IV). Seven women(median age 48 years) and three men (53 years) (Group I) were interviewedand the interviews were analysed by manifest content analysis (V).At the 2-year follow-up full-time sick leave, anxiety, depression and selfexperiencedstress had decreased in both sexes. They also showed increasedquality of life (QoL) (I). In participants with full-time sick leave (Group I),self-experienced physical disability and pain ratings were high and showedno decrease up until the 2-year follow-up. In participants with part-time orno sick leave (Group II), physical disability and pain ratings decreasedgradually throughout the 2-year follow-up period (II). Cervical andthoracolumbar spine range of motion (ROM) was lower in Group I than inGroup II from the start of rehabilitation to a 2-year follow-up. Only GroupII showed a temporal improvement in ROM. No changes in DRI, VAS orGSI were found in parallel with corresponding temporal changes in any ofthe ROM (III). Group I experienced no change in anxiety or depressionduring the study period, in contrast to Group II, in which this decreased.Decreased stress was found in both groups (IV). Group I describedperceived barriers to and possibilities of returning to work, and also gaveinformation on what strategies they used, to cope with everyday life (V).The majority of the participants improved and they continued to bephysically active, their QoL improved, and most participants returned towork. Ten of the participants, however, were on full-time sick leavethroughout the whole study period, with high self-experienced physicaldisability, high pain rating and no improvement in anxiety and depression.They experienced barriers to re-entering the labour market as consequencesof physical symptoms and fatigue. But they also believed in possibilities ofreturning to work if they could get a modified job adapted to their owncapacity.Thus, persons with severe disability and pain did not improve byrehabilitation in this project. New methods of treatment have to bedeveloped for improvement of symptoms resulting in reduction offunctional impairment and a consequent need for sick leave.
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| 35. |
- Sjöström, Rita, et al.
(författare)
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Qualitative identification and characterisation of self-reported symptoms arising in humans during experimental exposure to cold air
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Circumpolar Health. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1239-9736 .- 2242-3982. ; 78:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Exposure to cold air is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in the general population. It is difficult to study the effects of whole-body exposure to cold air under controlled conditions in real life. Objectives: The aim of this study was to (1) explore and describe the experience of symptoms in humans during experimental and controlled exposures to cold air, by using controlled environmental chamber exposures and qualitative methodology, and to (2) categorise the symptoms. Method: The study used a randomised, double blind design, in which 34 subjects undertook rest and moderate-intensity exercise in an environmental chamber set to two or three different temperatures (0, -10, and -17 degrees C) on separate occasions. During the chamber exposures, subjects were interviewed. Qualitative content analysis was selected as the method of analysis. Findings: Subjects reported 50 distinct symptoms during the exposures. The symptoms were grouped into ten sub-categories and two major categories; airway versus whole-body symptoms. Conclusion: We have identified a broad range of symptoms in humans undertaking rest and moderate-intensity exercise at sub-zero temperatures. The symptoms and their categories may well be used to more extensively and quantitatively map cold-induced morbidity.
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| 36. |
- Sjöström, Rita, et al.
(författare)
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Two year outcome of a multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme focused on range of motion of the neck and back
- 2010
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Ingår i: Work. - 1051-9815 .- 1875-9270. ; 37:4, s. 341-348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To investigate whether improvement of range of motion (ROM) in persons with musculoskeletal disorders, mainly neck and back pain, was associated with a favourable development regarding physical disability, pain, and health-related quality of life (QoL), and whether such development differed between sick-listed and non-sick-listed persons during and up to 2 years after a multidisciplinary rehabilitation programme.METHODS: Ten persons with full-time sick leave (Group I) and 49 with part-time or no sick leave (Group II) at the end of a previous study participated. It was shown in that study that Group I had higher pain rating and higher subjective physical disability than Group II, with little or no improvement during and after rehabilitation. In the present study, all participants were evaluated with neck and back mobility tests: Disability Rating Index (DRI); Pain Intensity Rating on a visual analogue scale (VAS); and Global Self-Efficacy Index (GSI).RESULTS: Cervical and thoracolumbar spine ROM were lower in Group I than in Group II from the start of rehabilitation to a 2-year follow-up. Only Group II showed a temporal improvement in ROM. No changes in DRI, VAS or GSI were found in parallel with corresponding temporal changes in any of the ROM.CONCLUSION: Group II but not Group I improved in active ROM during rehabilitation; further, in Group I active ROM in the cervical and thoracolumbar spine did not improve during the 2-year follow-up. Improvement of ROM showed no correlation with physical disability, pain or QoL.
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| 37. |
- Vaks, Katrin, et al.
(författare)
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Rheumatoid arthritis patients' experience of climate care
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation. - : Korean Society of Exercise Rehabilitation. - 2288-176X .- 2288-1778. ; 11:6, s. 337-344
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this qualitative study was to understand and examine how patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) experience climate care and its effects. A qualitative approach was chosen for the study. Two men and six women were interviewed according to a semistructured interview guide. The text was analyzed using a manifest content analysis. The analysis resulted in four categories and 10 subcategories. The interviewees experienced climate care positively. The training was perceived increasing gradually. The patients felt that they performed to a maximum capacity during training and were impressed by the staff's enthusiasm and encouragement. The patients felt that they were involved in the goal setting and the choice of treatment, and the staff noticed individual needs. There was a feeling among the patients of being acknowledged by the staff. Information about the disease was perceived as individualized. The climate and beautiful surroundings were viewed as encouraging physical activity and a feeling of well-being. Patients made new friends, had fun together and also shared experiences about their disease. Furthermore, the patients described a sense of belonging to a group as well as a feeling of not being the only one that was sick among the healthy. Not having to do everyday tasks and having time to themselves were perceived positively. Several factors contributed to the positive experiences of climate care; climate, environment, physical activity, social context, staff involvement, and information about the disease were described as interacting together and resulting in a sense of well-being. A proposal for future research would be to examine if/how the various factors might interact and affect the RA patients' illness and quality of life.
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