| 1. |
- Börjesson, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Information needs on research data creation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Information research. - : Högskolan i Borås. - 1368-1613. ; 27:special issue
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction. Researchers’ data related information needs are growing. This paper reports the findings of a study with archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals focussing on data reuse related meta-information needs.Method. Interviews with (N=)10 archaeologists and cultural heritage professionals. Analysis. Qualitative coding and content analysis.Results. Four types of paradata needs (data on processes, e.g. data creation) are identified, including 1) scope, 2) provenance, 3) methods and 4) knowledge organisation and representation paradata. Knowledge organisation and representation paradata has been least explored both in research and practises so far. The findings point to a need to develop the understanding of the needs and means of documentation of knowledge organisation and representation.Conclusions. The findings contribute to the data literacy of researchers producing and using data descriptions, and to the study of how paradata can be created and used. Further, the findings indicate that distance-to-data is a significant parameter in determining whether information needs are continuous or discrete. Further, the most likely type of reuse should guide the level and type of paradata. Finally, the findings underline that in spite of the comprehensiveness of available meta-information, it will be incomplete. Complementary means — including collaboration with data creators and meta-information extraction approaches — are needed to increase information reusability.
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| 2. |
- Börjesson, Lisa, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Re-purposing Excavation Database Content as Paradata : An Explorative Analysis of Paradata Identification Challenges and Opportunities
- 2022
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Ingår i: KULA: Knowledge Creation, Dissemination, and Preservation Studies. - : University of Victoria Libraries. - 2398-4112. ; 6:3, s. 1-18
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although data reusers request information about how research data was created and curated, this information is often non-existent or only briefly covered in data descriptions. The need for such contextual information is particularly critical in fields like archaeology, where old legacy data created during different time periods and through varying methodological framings and fieldwork documentation practices retains its value as an important information source. This article explores the presence of contextual information in archaeological data with a specific focus on data provenance and processing information, i.e., paradata. The purpose of the article is to identify and explicate types of paradata in field observation documentation. The method used is an explorative close reading of field data from an archaeological excavation enriched with geographical metadata. The analysis covers technical and epistemological challenges and opportunities in paradata identification, and discusses the possibility of using identified paradata in data descriptions and for data reliability assessments. Results show that it is possible to identify both knowledge organisation paradata (KOP) relating to data structuring and knowledge-making paradata (KMP) relating to fieldwork methods and interpretative processes. However, while the data contains many traces of the research process, there is an uneven and, in some categories, low level of structure and systematicity that complicates automated metadata and paradata identification and extraction. The results show a need to broaden the understanding of how structure and systematicity are used and how they impact research data in archaeology and in comparable field sciences. The insights into how a dataset’s KOP and KMP can be read is also a methodological contribution to data literacy research and practice development. On a repository level, the results underline the need to include paradata about dataset creation, purpose, terminology, dataset internal and external relations, and eventual data colloquialisms that require explanation to reusers.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Börjesson, Lisa, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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The politics of paradata in documentation standards and recommendations for digital archaeological visualisations
- 2021
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Ingår i: Digital Culture & Society. - Bielefeld : Transcript Verlag. - 2364-2114 .- 2364-2122. ; 6:2, s. 191-220
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digitalisation of research data and massive e!orts to make it findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable has revealed that in addition to an eventual lack of description of the data itself (metadata), data reuse is often obstructed by the lack of information about the data- making and interpretation (i.e. paradata). In search of the extent and composition of categories for describing processes, this article reviews a selection of standards and recommendations frequently referred to as useful for documenting archaeological visualisations. It provides insight into 1) how current standards can be employed to document provenance and processing history (i.e. paradata), and 2) what aspects of the processing history can be made transparent using current stan- dards and which aspects are pushed back or hidden. The findings show that processes are often either completely absent or only partially addressed in the standards. However, instead of criticising standards for bias and omissions as if a perfect description of everything would be attainable, the findings point to the need for a comprehensive con- sideration of the space a standard is operating in (e.g. national heri- tage administration or international harmonisation of data). When a standard is used in a specific space it makes particular processes, methods, or tools transparent. Given these premises, if the standard helps to document what needs to be documented (e.g. paradata), and if it provides a type of transparency required in a certain space, it is reasonable to deem the standard good enough for that purpose.
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| 5. |
- Huvila, Isto, Professor, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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A Fieldwork Manual as a Regulatory Device : Instructing, Prescribing and Describing Documentation Work
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of information science. - : Sage Publications. - 0165-5515 .- 1741-6485.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research on how archaeological fieldwork manuals, a sub-category of methods handbooks, regulate research documentation is limited. Qualitative content analysis of 25 English-language archaeological field manuals from the early 1900s to 2010s showed that they instruct how to describe the documentation work, prescribe practices and workflows, and function as often pre-coordinated descriptions of work. A manual forms a ‘working space’ that is sometimes adopted as such by following the detailed advice given in some of the texts but likely more often used as a more general point of reference. The fact that many manuals do not provide exact recipes for the fieldwork as a whole means that they function as comprehensive representations and documentation (paradata) of actual fieldwork practices only when read in parallel with field documentation.
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| 6. |
- Huvila, Isto, Professor, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Archaeological information-making activities according to field reports
- 2022
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Ingår i: Library & Information Science Research. - : Elsevier. - 0740-8188 .- 1873-1848. ; 44:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Accounts of how scholarly information is produced are crucial for understanding and using the information yet they are often criticized for being incomprehensive or even non-existent. This article aims to increase the understanding of how scholarly information-making is conceived and documented by information-makers. By analyzing how a set of archaeological field reports describe different aspects of the information-making activities (cf. Activity Theory) pertaining to the research documented in the reports, the study suggests that scholars might have a tendency to focus on reporting tools, outcomes and physical location of activities while descriptions of especially rules/norms, community factors and division of labour are rare and expected to be known tacitly. The findings suggest also that the descriptions of information-making activities become comprehensible in relation to their related activities. Therefore, an increased emphasis on explicating their underpinning social factors and how activity systems and their elements link to other activity systems could improve the comprehensiveness of documentation and decrease the need of tacit contextual knowledge.
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| 7. |
- Huvila, Isto, Professor, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Choreographies of Making Archaeological Data
- 2021
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Ingår i: Open Archaeology. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 2300-6560. ; 7:1, s. 1602-1617
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A lot of different concepts have been utilised to elucidate diverse aspects of archaeological practices and knowledge production. This article describes how the notion of choreography can complement the existing repertoire of concepts and be used to render visible the otherwise difficult to grasp physical and mental movements that make up archaeological work as a practical and scholarly exercise. The conceptual discussion in the article uses vignettes drawn from an observation study of an archaeological teaching excavation in Scandinavia to illustrate how the concepts of choreography, choreographing, and choreographer can be used to inquire into archaeological work and data production. In addition to how explicating physical, temporal, and ontological choreographies of archaeological work can help to understand how it unfolds, the present article suggests that a better understanding of the epistemic choreographies of archaeological, scientific, and scholarly work can help to unpack and describe its inputs and outputs, the data it produces, what the work achieves, and how it is made in space and time.
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| 8. |
- Huvila, Isto, Professor, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Citing methods literature : citations to field manuals as paradata on archaeological fieldwork
- 2022
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Ingår i: Information research. - : Högskolan i Borås. - 1368-1613. ; 27:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: This article investigates how researchers cite methods literature, and to what extent and how these citations could function as a form of paradata i.e., descriptive data on research processes.Method: Citations to two prominent field manuals were retrieved using Scopus; full-texts were obtained for analysis.Analysis: Descriptive statistics and qualitative content analysis were used.Results: Field manuals are cited both for compliance and contrast to clarify procedures and actions, understanding of what is considered conventional and extra-ordinary, to elucidate work processes in broader terms, and to explain concepts and what is common disciplinary knowledge. Even if literature use seems indicative of work procedures, a citation to a method cannot necessarily be considered as direct evidence of what was done in reality.Conclusions: Citations to field manuals can function as a complementary form of paradata to other information on how archaeological work has been conducted. However, rather than forming a standalone corpus of evidence, they can be expected to function best if combined with other indicators. A citation to a specific methods text can be indicative of certain patterns of work or presence of a shared scope of relevance with other works citing the same text.
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| 9. |
- Huvila, Isto, Professor, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Data Papers as Documentation of Research Processes and Practices
- 2023
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Ingår i: IST23 Conference. - : Association for Information Science & Technology.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper reports preliminary results of an on-going study of data papers, a fairly recently introduced type of journal paper designed for documenting and instigating the publishing of research data sets. The aim of the paper is to provide new knowledge on how research processes and practices are described in a set of archaeological data papers selected for analysis. The findings point to a diversity of strategies of how research processes are documented. Explaining factors include the type of data and research where the dataset is stemming from, cross-disciplinary influences from fields outside of archaeology, and the original purpose of data collection and whether it appears that the data was collected for sharing and publishing. The findings point to several possibilities to develop author guidelines for data papers and insights into why and what some types of datasets appear as easier to document than others.
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| 10. |
- Huvila, Isto, Professor, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Documenting information making in archaeological field reports
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Documentation. - : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 0022-0418 .- 1758-7379. ; 77:5, s. 1107-1127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeSharing information about work processes has proven to be difficult. This applies especially to information shared from those who participate in a process to those who remain outsiders. The purpose of this article is to increase understanding of how professionals document their work practices with a focus on information making by analysing how archaeologists document their information work in archaeological reports.Design/methodology/approachIn total 47 Swedish archaeological reports published in 2018 were analysed using close reading and constant comparative categorisation.FindingsEven if explicit narratives of methods and work process have particular significance as documentation of information making, the evidence of information making is spread out all over the report document in (1) procedural narratives, (2) descriptions of methods and tools, (3) actors and actants, (4) photographs, (5) information sources, (6) diagrams and drawings and (7) outcomes. The usability of reports as conveyors of information on information making depends more on how a forthcoming reader can live with it as a whole rather than how to learn of the details it recites.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is based on a limited number of documents representing one country and one scholarly and professional field.Practical implicationsIncreased focus on the internal coherence of documentation and the complementarity of different types of descriptions could improve information sharing. Further, descriptions of concepts that refer to work activities and the situation when information came into being could similarly improve their usability.Originality/valueThere is little earlier research on how professionals and academics document and describe their information activities.
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| 11. |
- Huvila, Isto, Professor, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Documenting Information Processes and Practices : Paradata, Provenance Metadata, Life-Cycles and Pipelines
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology. - : Wiley. - 2373-9231. ; 58:1, s. 604-609
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Processes and practices–and in general, informational doings and their diverse constellations–are pertinent elements of the information landscape. This panel presents research on documentation and description of processes and practices in the information field addressing: 1) how different conceptualisations of processes and practices influence how they emerge as describable entities; 2) what different approaches to document and describe processes and practices exist and have been proposed in information science and technology research; 3) what aspects of processes and practices different documentation approaches capture, make visible and invisible; and 4) what novel insights from the current state-of-the-art research can be drawn to support practitioners in different areas of the information field, including knowledge organisation, information management, information literacy instruction, and development of information systems and services.
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| 12. |
- Huvila, Isto, Professor, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Knowing-in-Practice, Its Traces and Ingredients
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Posthumanist Epistemology of Practice Theory. - Cham : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783031422751 - 9783031422782 - 9783031422768 ; , s. 37-69
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter inquires into how two specific types of epistemic artefacts—traces and ingredients—work together and against each other in conveying understanding of past knowledge-making activities. The discussion draws from an analysis of Swedish and French archaeological investigation reports and from how they, as traces and ingredients, contribute to knowing-in-practice in multiple parallel ways as a part of archaeological practice—literally in practice. Traces and ingredients have different epistemic opportunities and limitations to act as records of the past and goads to action even if many traces can act as ingredients and vice versa albeit with certain limitations that are useful to be aware of. Being aware of how an epistemic artefact works in an epistemic sense—for example as a trace or an ingredient—can help to use them accordingly to what they are capable of, to avoid uses that go against their potential, and to develop better ones.
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| 13. |
- Liu, Ying-Hsang, et al.
(författare)
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Conceptualizing Data Needs within Contexts of Data Discoverability and Reuse : A Study of Environmental and Social Scientists
- 2023
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Ingår i: IST23 Conference. - : Association for Information Science & Technology.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study contributes to the conference theme of information science processes and practices by examining the research data discovery contexts of ecological and social scientists who reuse datasets for research. The aim of the research was to gain insight into the data discovery contexts of these scientists and to understand the data needs related to data discoverability and reuse. The study identified four dimensions of data needs, including research processes, making sense of data, data reuse, and data access. Additionally, a conceptualization of data needs within the context of data reuse was proposed, which has not been thoroughly examined in previous studies. The study employed a mixed-method approach within the post-positivist research paradigm to identify the different contexts in which data is discovered. A combination of survey and in-depth interview techniques were used to investigate the broader contexts of data discovery in people’s information-seeking processes. The critical incident technique was used to elicit the contexts of data discovery, and the interview protocol was structured based on the stages of a data lifecycle. Interviews were conducted with 24 participants from three organizations, including TERN, ADA, and CSIRO. Participants held diverse job roles and were at different career stages. The study identified four dimensions of data needs and examined their relationship with the roles of data managers and end-users. The findings contribute to the existing literature on data needs and emphasize the potential usefulness of research data and the need for paradata. The study also suggests that anticipating the contexts of data reuse involves considering what data users may find useful. Ensuring data quality is crucial for successful data reuse, which involves having access to organizational data expertise, providing data in various formats and platforms, and ensuring sufficient data coverage. Data needs are influenced by the specific research objectives, which in turn affects the criteria for selecting and reusing data. Clear data licensing conditions are crucial to facilitate data reuse.
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| 14. |
- Prax, Patrick, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Drawing Things Together : Understanding the Challenges and Opportunities of a Cross-LAM Approach to Digital Game Preservation and Exhibition
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nordisk kulturpolitisk tidskrift. - Oslo : Idunn. - 1403-3216 .- 2000-8325. ; 22:2, s. 332-354
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital games have become a central part of contemporary culture and society. At the same time digital games provide numerous challenges for collections, preservation efforts, documentation, and exhibitions. This article investigates the challenges and opportunities implicit in LAM convergence and collaboration with actors outside of the LAM-sector itself. These actors are stakeholders of various kinds within game culture: game makers and industry, players, and rogue archives. More specifically, we turn to the collaboration in two Nordic museums in their work with digital games: The Finnish Museum of Games and the National Swedish Museum of Science and Technology. We draw on their actual efforts at collaboration between LAM-institutions and outside stakeholders and analyze them through the lens of political participation and agonistic pluralism. These concepts come from an interpretation of the participatory agenda in cultural policy that aims to resolve inconsistencies in the participatory agenda specifically around neoliberal logics of participation.The paper asks: How can the preservation of digital games be supported through participation of stakeholders inside and outside the LAM sector, and what policy changes would such collaborations require?This paper concludes that political participation and agonistic pluralism are useful concepts for the modeling and understanding of game preservation and provide a possible solution for the paradoxes of the participatory agenda in Nordic cultural policy. Our comparison of the work in two museums shows that approaches that empower participants can lead to successful and surprising exhibitions not possible without the sharing of curatorial power. Policy regulating LAM-institutions should change in order to accommodate players, makers, and rogue archives as participants in game preservation efforts. For the future the participatory agenda in cultural policy should be interpreted through the lens of political participation and agonistic pluralism as calling for truly empowering participants in order to elevate participation in game preservation from lucky accidents to a political participation policy.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Sköld, Olle, 1983-
(författare)
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Documenting Videogame Communities : A Study of Community Production of Information in Social-Media Environments and its Implications for Videogame Preservation
- 2018
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Drawing on the disciplines of library and information studies and archival studies, this study seeks to explore the production of information in online videogame communities and to elucidate how such insights can offer practical and conceptual support to the knotty issue of how to preserve those sociocultural aspects of videogames that exist 'beyond' the code and audiovisual data resources of the videogame itself. This is accomplished in two principal moves: (i) by delving into the current state of socioculturally-focused videogame preservation and; (ii) by inquiring into the production of information carried out by videogame communities in what arguably is one of their most important interfaces of interaction—discussion forums, wikis, and other social-media services. The study is based on four papers (I–IV). Paper I develops the theoretical framework of the study on the basis of practice theory and document theory. Papers II and III report on field-studies of videogame-community information production in the context of two processes of importance in community social life: memory-making (II) and knowledge production (III). Paper IV offers a qualitative systematic review of videogame-archiving literature, allowing Papers I–III to be situated in an archival context. The study employs multiple methods and encompasses several empirical sites of inquiry and was inspired by the framework of exploratory research and of 'bricolage' research strategies.The results of the study add to the present state of knowledge on how information in the social-media environments of the large and influential present-day videogaming domain emerges as a result of community practices of production, and how videogame-community social life is entangled with information production in such spaces. The study also furthers archival inquiry on the topic of videogame preservation by providing a description and analysis of what information objects videogame-related social media plausibly hold, and by what communal practices and processes they have been brought into existence. Furthermore, the study examines the consequences of collecting community-produced social media and framing it as documentation of the sociocultural aspects of videogames—a key issue in videogames preservation.
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| 17. |
- Sköld, Olle, FD, 1983-
(författare)
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Documenting Virtual World Cultures : Memory-Making and Documentary Practices in the City of Heroes Community
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Documentation. - 0022-0418 .- 1758-7379. ; 71:2, s. 294-316
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to explore how virtual world communities employ new media as a repository to record information about their past.Design/methodology/approach. Using the notions of documentary practice and memory-making as a framework, a case study of MMORPGCity of Heroes’ (CoH) virtual community on Reddit discussion board “/r/cityofheroes” was conducted. The study consists of an interpretative analysis of posts, comments, images, and other materials submitted to /r/cityofheroes during a period of approximately seven months.Findings. The principal finding of the study is that the CoH community, with varying levels of intentionality, documented a range of pasts on /r/cityofheroes, relating to CoH as a game world, a site of personal experience, a product, a nexus of narratives, and a game. The analysis also lays bare the community’s memory-making processes, in which the documented conceptions of CoH’s past were put to work in the present, informing community action and viewpoints.Originality/value. Games and gaming practices are increasingly prevalent in leisure and professional settings. This trend, which makes virtual environments and online media proxies for or augmentations of “real life”, makes it necessary for information scholars to understand how the full range of human information behaviours, including documenting, and memory-making, emerge or are replicated online. Additionally, few studies have examined the interplay between new media affordances, documentary practices, and memory-making in the context of virtual world communities.
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| 18. |
- Sköld, Olle, FD, 1983-
(författare)
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Dokumentation av datorspelsgemenskaper : En sammanfattning
- 2018
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Ingår i: Tidskrift för ABM. - Uppsala : Institutionen för ABM, Uppsala universitet. - 2002-4614. ; 3:1, s. 18-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Föreliggande artikel består av sammanfattningen av avhandlingen Documenting Videogame Communities: A Study of Community Production of Information in Social-Media Environments and its Implications for Videogame Preservation, försvarad och publicerad vid Uppsala universitet i mars 2018. Avhandlingens kappa finns fritt tillgänglig i DiVA (http://www.diva-portal.org).
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| 19. |
- Sköld, Olle, FD, 1983-
(författare)
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Getting-to-Know : Inquiries, Sources, Methods, and the Production of Knowledge on a Videogame Wiki
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Documentation. - 0022-0418 .- 1758-7379. ; 73:6, s. 1299-1321
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the sociocultural underpinnings of wiki-based knowledge production in the videogame domain, and to elucidate how these underpinnings relate to the formation of wikis as resources of videogame documentation.Design/methodology/approach. The paper is based on a three-month ethnographic investigation of knowledge practices on the Dark Souls Wiki (DSW). In focus of the analysis were the boundaries and knowledge aims of the DSW, together with how its contributors organized inquiries and used various sources, methods of investigation, and ways of warranting knowledge claims.Findings. The principal result of the paper is an empirical account of how the DSW functions as a culture of knowledge production, and how the content and structure of the wiki connects to the knowledge practices of its contributors. Four major factors that influenced knowledge practices on the wiki were identified: the structures and practices established by the community’s earlier wiki efforts; principles and priorities that informed wiki knowledge practices; the characteristics of the videogame in focus of the site’s knowledge-building work; the extent and types of relevant documentation provided by videogame industry, the videogaming press included.Originality/value. Previous research has shown interest in investigating the mechanisms by which community-created knowledge and online resources of documentation emerge, and how these are utilized in play. There is, however, little research seeking to elucidate the sociocultural structures and practices that determine and sustain collaborative online videogame knowledge production.
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| 20. |
- Sköld, Olle, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Information Phenomena in Multiplayer Game Related Social Media
- 2012
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Ingår i: Social Information Research. - Bradford : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 9781780528328
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this chapter, we examine the way games, particularly online games, exist intertwined with social media. In current-day society, the pervasive presence of social media technologies has given rise to games that use social networking sites, forums and blogs as platforms, information sources, and feedback systems. Games and social media share a close connection. For example, the photo sharing service Flickr was originally designed as a gaming tool, still retains many game-like qualities, and people use it to play certain kinds of games (see Mäyrä, 2011). Facebook, when analyzed from a game studies perspective, contains many play-like qualities, such as shared voluntary memetic challenges. So called alternate reality games (ARGs), games that are played while otherwise engaged with mundane life, make constant use of social media, utilizing both pre-existing and fabricated material in them (Denward, 2011). Online games, such as massively multiplayer online role-playing games (MMORPGs), are participatory sites by their very nature, as well as social and cultural spaces, even if that potential is not yet completely realized (Taylor, 2006). Using data from two studies, we show that games and social media have effectively become facets of the same phenomenon. To understand one, in its current form, we must also look at the other.
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| 21. |
- Sköld, Olle, FD, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Interrogating paradata
- 2022
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Ingår i: Information research. - : Högskolan i Borås. - 1368-1613. ; 27:special issue
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction. The concept of paradata has received increasing attention in recent information scholarship. The literature however shows considerable disagreement about what paradata is and how it can be purposive. The aim of this paper is to facilitate the use of the resources and analytical impetuses offered by the concept of paradata by providing an explanation to what paradata is in operational terms.Method. The examination of paradata is based on a scoping review of 53 scholarly texts that varyingly engage with the concept.Analysis. The reviewed texts were analysed using a concept-analysis framework focusing principally on discerning the main descriptive features of paradata and prevalent instances of use and usefulness.Results. The paper shows what the key elements, relationships, use-cases and uncertainties of paradata are.Conclusions. Findings support a media-archaeological view of born-digital artifacts, and bibliographical archaeology is shown to provide a programmatic approach in identifying significant archaeological characteristics among artifacts that have yet to be exhaustively studied.nificant archaeological characteristics among artifacts that have yet to be exhaustively studied.
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| 22. |
- Sköld, Olle, FD, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Moving Forward with Digital Scientific Images : A Study of Infrastructure, Digitization Work, and Digital Research Practices
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Digital Humanities in the Nordic Countries 4th Conference (DHN 2019), Copenhagen, Denmark, March 5-8, 2019.. - Copenhagen. ; , s. 415-425
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Scientific images are important and complex objects of study in the field of digital humanities for two principal reasons. Firstly, scientific images are key components in the making and communication of science in the present day and constitute central source materials in scholarly projects seeking to elucidate the historical practices of research and the development of scientific disciplines. Secondly, the archives, libraries, and museums (ALM) sector invest significant resources into the digitization and mediation of scientific images and it is a crucial success factor for both ALM institutions and future research initiatives that the premises and consequences of such efforts are thoroughly explored. This paper seeks to map which avenues of study and work that are crucial to pursue if available modes of curation, access, search, and analysis in digital collections of scientific images are to be meaningfully improved. The paper is based on a literature review and an overview of the current state of digitization work, digital collections, and digital infrastructures for storage and mediation at Uppsala University Libraries. Methodologically the paper makes use of action research and an adaptable, pragmatic, and ’exploratory’ approach to academic research. The study identifies five themes of study and work that, if competently pursued, promise to push the boundaries of what is known about scientific images forward in many areas of the digitization spectrum both in terms of best practices and theoretical understandings. The themes are: (1) method and infrastructure focus; (2) method focus; (3) digitization work focus; (4) epistemic and research-practice focus; (5) epistemic, methodological, and historiographical focus.
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| 23. |
- Sköld, Olle, 1983-
(författare)
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On Social Media and Document Theory
- 2011
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Ingår i: Information Science and Social Media. - Åbo. - 9789521226540 ; , s. 73-77
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Sköld, Olle, 1983-
(författare)
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The Effects of Virtual Space on Learning : A Literature Review
- 2012
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Ingår i: First Monday. - 1396-0466. ; 17:1, s. 4-4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper examines how the effects of virtual space on learning have been elucidated in recent research with the aim of providing both a comprehensive picture of the current state of research and interesting avenues for future projects. Drawing on a multidisciplinary review, it identifies five key themes that together constitute research in virtual space and learning: analogies between the study of physical space and learning; socio-cultural constructivist perspectives; practical and theoretical pedagogy; architecture; and, aesthetics. Current research on how virtual space affects learning is fragmented, albeit rich. The pivotal challenge for the future is to establish a research infrastructure that can harness the richness of already existing studies, while simultaneously serving to drive, focus, and interconnect future research efforts.
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| 26. |
- Sköld, Olle, FD, 1983-
(författare)
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Tracing Traces : A Document-Centred Approach to the Preservation of Virtual World Communities
- 2013
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Ingår i: Information research. - 1368-1613. ; 18:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction. The aim of this paper is to form a framework capable of theorizing how virtual communities are entangled with their new media environments, thereby contributing to the understanding of present-day virtual communities and how to preserve them.Method. An extensive bibliography on virtual worlds, virtual world preservation, document- and practice theory, and virtual communities forms the conceptual basis of the paper.Analysis. The proposed framework was formed by the way of qualitative and synthetic conceptual analysis of the collected literature. Results. Virtual world communities can be fruitfully conceptualized as distinct domains with specialized documentary practices. In each domain of practice, the virtual world’s related new media ecology functions as a central hub where the configuration of shared routinized sayings, doings, and knowings specific to that virtual world are negotiated. Conclusion. By theorizing the activities of virtual communities in new media environments as documentary practices, and blog posts, comments, and tweets as documents, the framework accentuates new media as infrastructures that do not solely carry informative traces of the activities of virtual communities, but in effect are an active and formative part of them. As such, they merit high preservational priority.
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| 27. |
- Sköld, Olle, FD, 1983-
(författare)
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Understanding the “Expanded Notion” of Videogames as Archival Objects : A Review of Priorities, Methods, and Conceptions
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology. - : Wiley. - 2330-1635 .- 2330-1643. ; 69:1, s. 134-145
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to show how videogames are construed as archival objects in the videogame-preservation literature by investigating drivers and motivations, selection of material, and methods of preservation. The review focuses on the expanded notion of videogames (“the EN”), a concept this paper introduces to collectively refer to the cultural and social aspects of videogames—for example, game culture, experiences, play, and community life and activity. The study's research aims are pursued on the basis of a critical systematic literature review of 42 publications originating from academic research and videogame-archiving projects. The study's main finding is that the archiving literature construes the EN of videogames in three principal ways: i) as an essential part of the videogame as an archival object; ii) as a useful resource in archiving videogames, able to provide documentation of game culture and social context; and iii) as a useful resource in inquiries focused on the current state and recent history of society and culture from a sociotechnical viewpoint. The study suggests videogame community dynamics, videogame ontology, the development of archival theory, and videogame-archive studies as rewarding directions for further research.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Tallerås, Kim, et al.
(författare)
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What They Talk About When They Talk About the Need for Critical Evaluation of Information Sources : An Analysis of Norwegian and Swedish News Articles Mentioning ‘Source Criticism’
- 2020
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Ingår i: Sustainable Digital Communities. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. ; , s. 380-388
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the so-called ‘post-truth’ era the need for skills that allow (digital) information to be critically evaluated has garnered considerable attention and discussion. In the library and LIS domains, researchers, librarians, and libraries have recurrently and strongly argued to play important roles in the effort to solve the many challenges offered by increasingly mundane-ified, invisible, and powerful online information infrastructures. Little is known, however, about the proliferation of such arguments in broader societal debate and dialogue. The empirical basis if this paper is an analysis of 100 news articles published by major Swedish and Norwegian media outlets mentioning the term “source criticism”. The analysis focused on (1) what is being talked about in conjunction with the notion of source criticism; and (2) who is talking with authority on the topic of source criticism. Of particular interest was the extent to which libraries, librarians, and LIS are ascribed important and authoritative positions in the discussions. The findings showed that although libraries are referenced in some of the articles, neither the library sector as such nor LIS research has any sort of meaningful presence in public discourse on misinformation, disinformation, and other negative information trends. The stark difference between how the positions and possible contributions of libraries, library professionals, and LIS research are rendered in public and professional and academic library discourses is a significant hindrance for the library research and practice domains to realize their manifold productive potential of in the larger context of present-day information machineries, politics, and culture.
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