| 1. |
- Guiraud, J., et al.
(författare)
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Sodium oxybate for the maintenance of abstinence in alcohol-dependent patients: An international, multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychopharmacology. - : SAGE Publications. - 0269-8811 .- 1461-7285. ; 36:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Sodium oxybate (SMO) has been shown to be effective in the maintenance of abstinence (MoA) in alcohol-dependent patients in a series of small randomized controlled trials (RCTs). These results needed to be confirmed by a large trial investigating the treatment effect and its sustainability after medication discontinuation. Aims: To confirm the SMO effect on (sustained) MoA in detoxified alcohol-dependent patients. Methods: Large double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial in detoxified adult alcohol-dependent outpatients (80% men) from 11 sites in four European countries. Patients were randomized to 6 months SMO (3.3-3.9 g/day) or placebo followed by a 6-month medication-free period. Primary outcome was the cumulative abstinence duration (CAD) during the 6-month treatment period defined as the number of days with no alcohol use. Secondary outcomes included CAD during the 12-month study period. Results: Of the 314 alcohol-dependent patients randomized, 154 received SMO and 160 received placebo. Based on the pre-specified fixed-effect two-way analysis of variance including the treatment-by-site interaction, SMO showed efficacy in CAD during the 6-month treatment period: mean difference +43.1 days, 95% confidence interval (17.6-68.5; p = 0.001). Since significant heterogeneity of effect across sites and unequal sample sizes among sites (n = 3-66) were identified, a site-level random meta-analysis was performed with results supporting the pre-specified analysis: mean difference +32.4 days, p = 0.014. The SMO effect was sustained during the medication-free follow-up period. SMO was well-tolerated. Conclusions: Results of this large RCT in alcohol-dependent patients demonstrated a significant and clinically relevant sustained effect of SMO on CAD.
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| 2. |
- Akgul, M, et al.
(författare)
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Diagnostic approach in TFE3-rearranged renal cell carcinoma: a multi-institutional international survey
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical pathology. - : BMJ. - 1472-4146 .- 0021-9746. ; 74:5, s. 291-299
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transcription factor E3-rearranged renal cell carcinoma (TFE3-RCC) has heterogenous morphologic and immunohistochemical (IHC) features.131 pathologists with genitourinary expertise were invited in an online survey containing 23 questions assessing their experience on TFE3-RCC diagnostic work-up.Fifty (38%) participants completed the survey. 46 of 50 participants reported multiple patterns, most commonly papillary pattern (almost always 9/46, 19.5%; frequently 29/46, 63%). Large epithelioid cells with abundant cytoplasm were the most encountered cytologic feature, with either clear (almost always 10/50, 20%; frequently 34/50, 68%) or eosinophilic (almost always 4/49, 8%; frequently 28/49, 57%) cytology. Strong (3+) or diffuse (>75% of tumour cells) nuclear TFE3 IHC expression was considered diagnostic by 13/46 (28%) and 12/47 (26%) participants, respectively. Main TFE3 IHC issues were the low specificity (16/42, 38%), unreliable staining performance (15/42, 36%) and background staining (12/42, 29%). Most preferred IHC assays other than TFE3, cathepsin K and pancytokeratin were melan A (44/50, 88%), HMB45 (43/50, 86%), carbonic anhydrase IX (41/50, 82%) and CK7 (32/50, 64%). Cut-off for positive TFE3 fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) was preferably 10% (9/50, 18%), although significant variation in cut-off values was present. 23/48 (48%) participants required TFE3 FISH testing to confirm TFE3-RCC regardless of the histomorphologic and IHC assessment. 28/50 (56%) participants would request additional molecular studies other than FISH assay in selected cases, whereas 3/50 participants use additional molecular cases in all cases when TFE3-RCC is in the differential.Optimal diagnostic approach on TFE3-RCC is impacted by IHC and/or FISH assay preferences as well as their conflicting interpretation methods.
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| 3. |
- Bourgoin, M., et al.
(författare)
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Investigation of the small-scale statistics of turbulence in the Modane S1MA wind tunnel
- 2018
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Ingår i: CEAS Aeronautical Journal. - : Springer. - 1869-5582 .- 1869-5590. ; 9:2, s. 269-281
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article describes the planning, set-up, turbulence characterization and analysis of measurements of a passive grid turbulence experiment that was carried out in the S1MA wind-tunnel from ONERA in Modane, in the context of the ESWIRP European project. This experiment aims at a detailed investigation of the statistical properties of turbulent flows at large Reynolds numbers. The primary goal is to take advantage of the unequaled large-scale dimensions of the ONERA S1MA wind-tunnel facility, to make available to the broad turbulence community high-quality experimental turbulence data with unprecendented resolution (both spatial and temporal) and accuracy (in terms of statistical convergence). With this goal, we designed the largest grid-generated turbulence experiment planned and performed to date. Grid turbulence is a canonical flow known to produce almost perfectly homogeneous and isotropic turbulence (HIT) which remains a unique framework to investigate fundamental physics of turbulent flows. Here, we present a brief description of the measurements, in particular those based on hot-wire diagnosis. By comparing results from classical hot-wires and from a nano-fabricated wire (developed at Princeton University), we show that our goal of resolving down to the smallest dissipative scales of the flow has been achieved. We also present the full characterization of the turbulence here, in terms of turbulent energy dissipation rate, injection and dissipation scales (both spatial and temporal) and Reynolds number.
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| 4. |
- Dagsson-Waldhauserova, P., et al.
(författare)
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Physical properties of suspended dust during moist and low wind conditions in Iceland
- 2014
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Ingår i: Icelandic Agricultural Sciences. - 1670-567X. ; 27, s. 25-39
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We measured a dust event which occurred during wet and low wind/windless conditions as the result of surface heating in August 2013. Maximum particle number concentration (PM similar to 0.3-10 mu m) reached 149,954 particles cm(-3) min(-1) while mass concentration (PM<10 m) was 1757 g m-3 min-1. The suspended dust was very fine with the highest number of particles in the size range 0.3-0.337 mu m, followed by particles 1.5-5 mu m in diameter. Close-to-ultrafine particle size distributions showed a significant increase in number with the severity of the measured dust event (during dust peaks). Number concentrations were well correlated with mass concentrations. The mineralogy and geochemical compositions showed that glaciogenic dust contains sharp-tipped shards with bubbles and 80 % of the particulate matter is volcanic glass rich in heavy metals. Wet dust particles were mobilized within < 4 hours. This is the first scientific study of particle size distributions in an Icelandic dust event including findings on initiation of dust suspension.
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