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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Nguyen, Thanh N, et al.
(författare)
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Global Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Stroke Volumes and Cerebrovascular Events: A 1-Year Follow-up.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Neurology. - 1526-632X. ; 100:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Declines in stroke admission, IV thrombolysis (IVT), and mechanical thrombectomy volumes were reported during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. There is a paucity of data on the longer-term effect of the pandemic on stroke volumes over the course of a year and through the second wave of the pandemic. We sought to measure the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on the volumes of stroke admissions, intracranial hemorrhage (ICH), IVT, and mechanical thrombectomy over a 1-year period at the onset of the pandemic (March 1, 2020, to February 28, 2021) compared with the immediately preceding year (March 1, 2019, to February 29, 2020).We conducted a longitudinal retrospective study across 6 continents, 56 countries, and 275 stroke centers. We collected volume data for COVID-19 admissions and 4 stroke metrics: ischemic stroke admissions, ICH admissions, IVT treatments, and mechanical thrombectomy procedures. Diagnoses were identified by their ICD-10 codes or classifications in stroke databases.There were 148,895 stroke admissions in the 1 year immediately before compared with 138,453 admissions during the 1-year pandemic, representing a 7% decline (95% CI [95% CI 7.1-6.9]; p < 0.0001). ICH volumes declined from 29,585 to 28,156 (4.8% [5.1-4.6]; p < 0.0001) and IVT volume from 24,584 to 23,077 (6.1% [6.4-5.8]; p < 0.0001). Larger declines were observed at high-volume compared with low-volume centers (all p < 0.0001). There was no significant change in mechanical thrombectomy volumes (0.7% [0.6-0.9]; p = 0.49). Stroke was diagnosed in 1.3% [1.31-1.38] of 406,792 COVID-19 hospitalizations. SARS-CoV-2 infection was present in 2.9% ([2.82-2.97], 5,656/195,539) of all stroke hospitalizations.There was a global decline and shift to lower-volume centers of stroke admission volumes, ICH volumes, and IVT volumes during the 1st year of the COVID-19 pandemic compared with the prior year. Mechanical thrombectomy volumes were preserved. These results suggest preservation in the stroke care of higher severity of disease through the first pandemic year.This study is registered under NCT04934020.
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| 4. |
- Kaasinen, E, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of constitutional TET2 haploinsufficiency on molecular and clinical phenotype in humans
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 10:1, s. 1252-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Clonal hematopoiesis driven by somatic heterozygous TET2 loss is linked to malignant degeneration via consequent aberrant DNA methylation, and possibly to cardiovascular disease via increased cytokine and chemokine expression as reported in mice. Here, we discover a germline TET2 mutation in a lymphoma family. We observe neither unusual predisposition to atherosclerosis nor abnormal pro-inflammatory cytokine or chemokine expression. The latter finding is confirmed in cells from three additional unrelated TET2 germline mutation carriers. The TET2 defect elevates blood DNA methylation levels, especially at active enhancers and cell-type specific regulatory regions with binding sequences of master transcription factors involved in hematopoiesis. The regions display reduced methylation relative to all open chromatin regions in four DNMT3A germline mutation carriers, potentially due to TET2-mediated oxidation. Our findings provide insight into the interplay between epigenetic modulators and transcription factor activity in hematological neoplasia, but do not confirm the putative role of TET2 in atherosclerosis.
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| 5. |
- Algora, A., et al.
(författare)
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Pronounced Shape Change Induced by Quasiparticle Alignment
- 2000
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Ingår i: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 61:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mean lifetimes of high-spin states of Kr-74 have been determined using the Doppler-shift attenuation method. The high-spin states were studied using the Ca-40(Ca-40, alpha 2p) reaction at a beam energy of 160 MeV with the GASP gamma-ray spectrometer. The ground-state band and negative parity side band show the presence of three different configurations in terms of transitional quadrupole deformations. A dramatic shape change was found along the ground-state band after the S-band crossing. The deduced quadrupole deformation changes are well reproduced by cranked Woods-Saxon Strutinsky calculations.
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| 6. |
- Borcan, C, et al.
(författare)
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First identification of excited states in the N = Z nucleus Br-70
- 1999
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Ingår i: EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL A. - : SPRINGER VERLAG. ; 5:3, s. 243-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Excited states in the T-z = 0 nucleus Br-70 have been investigated using the reaction Ni-58(O-16,1p3n). gamma rays were detected with one EUROBALL CLUSTER detector and three single HPGe detectors. Charged particles and neutrons were registered with the Ro
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Kameneva, P, et al.
(författare)
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Serotonin limits generation of chromaffin cells during adrenal organ development
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1, s. 2901-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adrenal glands are the major organs releasing catecholamines and regulating our stress response. The mechanisms balancing generation of adrenergic chromaffin cells and protecting against neuroblastoma tumors are still enigmatic. Here we revealed that serotonin (5HT) controls the numbers of chromaffin cells by acting upon their immediate progenitor “bridge” cells via 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A (HTR3A), and the aggressive HTR3Ahigh human neuroblastoma cell lines reduce proliferation in response to HTR3A-specific agonists. In embryos (in vivo), the physiological increase of 5HT caused a prolongation of the cell cycle in “bridge” progenitors leading to a smaller chromaffin population and changing the balance of hormones and behavioral patterns in adulthood. These behavioral effects and smaller adrenals were mirrored in the progeny of pregnant female mice subjected to experimental stress, suggesting a maternal-fetal link that controls developmental adaptations. Finally, these results corresponded to a size-distribution of adrenals found in wild rodents with different coping strategies.
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| 9. |
- Marto, João Pedro, et al.
(författare)
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Safety and Outcome of Revascularization Treatment in Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke and COVID-19: The Global COVID-19 Stroke Registry.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Neurology. - 1526-632X. ; 100:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- COVID-19-related inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and coagulopathy may increase the bleeding risk and lower the efficacy of revascularization treatments in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We aimed to evaluate the safety and outcomes of revascularization treatments in patients with AIS and COVID-19.This was a retrospective multicenter cohort study of consecutive patients with AIS receiving intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) and/or endovascular treatment (EVT) between March 2020 and June 2021 tested for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection. With a doubly robust model combining propensity score weighting and multivariate regression, we studied the association of COVID-19 with intracranial bleeding complications and clinical outcomes. Subgroup analyses were performed according to treatment groups (IVT-only and EVT).Of a total of 15,128 included patients from 105 centers, 853 (5.6%) were diagnosed with COVID-19; of those, 5,848 (38.7%) patients received IVT-only and 9,280 (61.3%) EVT (with or without IVT). Patients with COVID-19 had a higher rate of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (SICH) (adjusted OR 1.53; 95% CI 1.16-2.01), symptomatic subarachnoid hemorrhage (SSAH) (OR 1.80; 95% CI 1.20-2.69), SICH and/or SSAH combined (OR 1.56; 95% CI 1.23-1.99), 24-hour mortality (OR 2.47; 95% CI 1.58-3.86), and 3-month mortality (OR 1.88; 95% CI 1.52-2.33). Patients with COVID-19 also had an unfavorable shift in the distribution of the modified Rankin score at 3 months (OR 1.42; 95% CI 1.26-1.60).Patients with AIS and COVID-19 showed higher rates of intracranial bleeding complications and worse clinical outcomes after revascularization treatments than contemporaneous non-COVID-19 patients receiving treatment. Current available data do not allow direct conclusions to be drawn on the effectiveness of revascularization treatments in patients with COVID-19 or to establish different treatment recommendations in this subgroup of patients with ischemic stroke. Our findings can be taken into consideration for treatment decisions, patient monitoring, and establishing prognosis.The study was registered under ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT04895462.
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| 10. |
- Rentrop, V, et al.
(författare)
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Psychosocial emergency care in times of COVID-19: the Essen University Hospital concept for corona-infected patients, their relatives, and medical staff
- 2021
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Ingår i: International archives of occupational and environmental health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-1246 .- 0340-0131. ; 94:2, s. 347-350
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Due to the SARS CoV-2-virus (COVID-19), anxiety, distress, and insecurity occur more frequently. In particular, infected individuals, their relatives, and medical staff face an increased risk of high psychological distress as a result of the ongoing pandemic. Thus, structured psychosocial emergency concepts are needed. The University hospital of Essen has taken up this challenge by creating the PEC concept to reduce psychosocial long-term consequences for infected patients, relatives, and medical staff at the university hospital. The concept includes professional medical as well as psychological support to convey constructive coping strategies and the provision of adequate tools such as the low-threshold online training program (CoPE It), which is accessible via the webpage www.cope-corona.de.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Malekkhaiat Häffner, S., et al.
(författare)
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Composition effects on photooxidative membrane destabilization by TiO2 nanoparticles
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Colloid and Interface Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9797. ; 584, s. 19-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Membrane interactions and photooxidative membrane destabilization of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles were investigated, focusing on the effects of membrane composition, notably phospholipid headgroup charge and presence of cholesterol. For this, we employed a battery of state-of-the-art methods for studies of bilayers formed by zwitterionic palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine (POPC) containing also polyunsaturated palmitoylarachidonoylphosphocholine (PAPC), as well as its mixtures with anionic palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylglycerol (POPG) and cholesterol. It was found that the TiO2 nanoparticles display close to zero charge at pH 7.4, resulting in aggregation. At pH 3.4, in contrast, the 6 nm TiO2 nanoparticles are well dispersed due to a strongly positive ζ-potential. Mirroring this pH dependence, TiO2 nanoparticles were observed to bind to negatively charged lipid bilayers at pH 3.4, but much less so at pH 7.4. While nanoparticle binding has some destabilizing effect alone, illumination with ultraviolet (UV) light accentuates membrane destabilization, a result of oxidative stress caused by generated reactive oxygen species (ROS). Neutron reflectivity (NR), quartz crystal microbalance (QCM), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) results all demonstrate that membrane composition strongly influences membrane interactions and photooxidative destabilization of lipid bilayers. In particular, the presence of anionic POPG makes the bilayers more sensitive to oxidative destabilization, whereas a stabilizing effect was observed in the presence of cholesterol. Also, structural aspects of peroxidation were found to depend strongly on membrane composition, notably the presence of anionic phospholipids. The results show that membrane interactions and UV-induced ROS generation act in concert and need to be considered together to understand effects of lipid membrane composition on UV-triggered oxidative destabilization by TiO2 nanoparticles, e.g., in the context of oxidative damage of bacteria and cells.
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| 13. |
- Weiszflog, M., et al.
(författare)
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High-spin Spectroscopy of 63Ga and 65Ga
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - 1434-6001. ; 11, s. 25-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-spin states in the nuclei Ga-63 and Ga-65 were studied following the reaction S-32 + Ca-40 at a reaction energy of 125 MeV and using the GASP gamma -ray spectrometer in combination with the ISIS charged-particle detector system. In addition to low-lying negative-parity states with single-particle character, rotational-like cascades built on the 9/2(+) and 19/2(-) states have been observed in both nuclei. Sidebands with negative parity in Ga-63 and positive parity in Ga-65 could be established. The experimental results are compared with Total Routhian Surface calculations which describe the nuclei as moderately deformed (beta (2) approximate to 0.25) and gamma soft at low rotational frequencies. The highest experimentally observed positive-parity state in Ga-65 (41/2(+)) is in good agreement with the calculated crossing of the collective band with a non-collective one terminating at this spin.
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| 14. |
- Weiszflog, M., et al.
(författare)
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High-spin spectroscopy of Ga-63(31)32 and Ga-65(31)34
- 2001
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Ingår i: European Physical Journal A. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 11:1, s. 25-38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High-spin states in the nuclei Ga-63 and Ga-65 were studied following the reaction S-32 + Ca-40 at a reaction energy of 125 MeV and using the GASP gamma -ray spectrometer in combination with the ISIS charged-particle detector system. In addition to low-lying negative-parity states with single-particle character, rotational-like cascades built on the 9/2(+) and 19/2(-) states have been observed in both nuclei. Sidebands with negative parity in Ga-63 and positive parity in Ga-65 could be established. The experimental results are compared with Total Routhian Surface calculations which describe the nuclei as moderately deformed (beta (2) approximate to 0.25) and gamma soft at low rotational frequencies. The highest experimentally observed positive-parity state in Ga-65 (41/2(+)) is in good agreement with the calculated crossing of the collective band with a non-collective one terminating at this spin.
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| 15. |
- Hemming, Joanna M., et al.
(författare)
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Changes to lung surfactant monolayers upon exposure to gas phase ozone observed using X-ray and neutron reflectivity
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environmental Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2634-3606. ; 2:4, s. 753-760
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exposure to the secondary pollutant ozone in ambient air is associated with adverse health effects when inhaled. In this work we use surface pressure measurements, combined with X-ray and neutron reflection, to observe changes in a layer of lung surfactant at the air water interface when exposed to gas phase ozone. The results demonstrate that the layer reacts with ozone changing its physical characteristics. A slight loss of material, a significant thinning of the layer and increased hydration of the surfactant material is observed. The results support the hypothesis that unsaturated lipids present in lung surfactant are still susceptible to rapid reaction with ozone and the reaction changes the properties of the interfacial layer.
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| 16. |
- Nouhi, Shirin, et al.
(författare)
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Sticking particles to solid surfaces using Moringa oleifera proteins as a glue
- 2018
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Ingår i: Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-7765 .- 1873-4367. ; 168, s. 68-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experimental studies have been made to test the idea that seed proteins from Moringa oleifera which are novel, natural flocculating agents for many particles could be used to promote adhesion at planar interfaces and hence provide routes to useful nanostructures. The proteins bind irreversibly to silica interfaces. Surfaces that had been exposed to protein solutions and rinsed were then exposed to dispersions of sulfonated polystyrene latex. Atomic force microscopy was used to count particle density and identified that the sticking probability was close to 1. Measurements with a quartz crystal microbalance confirmed the adhesion and indicated that repeated exposures to solutions of Moringa seed protein and particles increased the coverage. Neutron reflectivity and scattering experiments indicate that particles bind as a monolayer. The various results show that the 2S albumin seed protein can be used to fix particles at interfaces and suggest routes for future developments in making active filters or improved interfaces for photonic devices.
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| 17. |
- Shepherd, Rosalie H., et al.
(författare)
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Measurement of gas-phase OH radical oxidation and film thickness of organic films at the air-water interface using material extracted from urban, remote and wood smoke aerosol
- 2022
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Ingår i: Environmental Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2634-3606. ; 2:4, s. 574-590
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The presence of an organic film on a cloud droplet or aqueous aerosol particle has the potential to alter the chemical, optical and physical properties of the droplet or particle. In the study presented, water insoluble organic materials extracted from urban, remote (Antarctica) and wood burning atmospheric aerosol were found to have stable, compressible, films at the air-water interface that were typically similar to 6-18 angstrom thick. These films are reactive towards gas-phase OH radicals and decay exponentially, with bimolecular rate constants for reaction with gas-phase OH radicals of typically 0.08-1.5 x 10(-10) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1). These bimolecular rate constants equate to initial OH radical uptake coefficients estimated to be similar to 0.6-1 except woodsmoke (similar to 0.05). The film thickness and the neutron scattering length density of the extracted atmosphere aerosol material (from urban, remote and wood burning) were measured by neutron reflection as they were exposed to OH radicals. For the first time neutron reflection has been demonstrated as an excellent technique for studying the thin films formed at air-water interfaces from materials extracted from atmospheric aerosol samples. Additionally, the kinetics of gas-phase OH radicals with a proxy compound, the lipid 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DSPC) was studied displaying significantly different behaviour, thus demonstrating it is not a good proxy for atmospheric materials that may form films at the air-water interface. The atmospheric lifetimes, with respect to OH radical oxidation, of the insoluble organic materials extracted from atmospheric aerosol at the air-water interface were a few hours. Relative to a possible physical atmospheric lifetime of 4 days, the oxidation of these films is important and needs inclusion in atmospheric models. The optical properties of these films were previously reported [Shepherd et al., Atmos. Chem. Phys., 2018, 18, 5235-5252] and there is a significant change in top of the atmosphere albedo for these thin films on core-shell atmospheric aerosol using the film thickness data and confirmation of stable film formation at the air-water interface presented here.
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| 18. |
- Weiszflog, M., et al.
(författare)
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High-spin States in 89Mo
- 1993
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Ingår i: Conference Series. - 0951-3248. - 0750302623 ; 132, s. 631-633
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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