| 1. |
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Zlatev, Jordan, et al.
(författare)
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Introduction : Cognitive semiotics comes of age
- 2016
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Ingår i: Meaning, Mind and Communication : Explorations in Cognitive Semiotics - Explorations in Cognitive Semiotics. - 9783631657041 - 9783653049480 ; , s. 9-28
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Sonesson, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Perspective from a semiotical perspective
- 2004
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Ingår i: Essays on fiction and perspective. - 3039101234
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- No abstract but see Conclusion: In this article I have described a kind of relationship to the subject which may aptly be called a perspective while distinguishing it from other similar phenomena (such as “aspect”): it is a case in which an object is conceived as being constant, while the modes of access which a subject may have to it varies. I have also singled out some different kinds of perspective: positional perspective, which only focuses on the respective spatial positions of the subject and the object; perceptual perspective, which is concerned with the exact perceptual adumbration in which the subject has access to the object; and personal perspective, which is involved with the way in which the subject itself is modified in presence of the object. In addition, I have distinguished different components within the consciousness of the subject, such as his body, his feelings, his conception, his thought and his means of expression. Against the background of a distinction between the resources of verbal and visual media, revised from Lessing’s classic discussion, I have also tried to determine to which extent ordinary language, literature, pictures and the cinema, respectively, offer the resources capable of expressing these different kinds of perspective.
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| 7. |
- Sonesson, Göran, et al.
(författare)
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Semiotiska perspektiv på perspektiv
- 2005
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Ingår i: Att anlägga perspektiv, 225-247. - 9171397191
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Hannah, et al.
(författare)
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Oral Administration of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v Reduces Cortisol Levels in Human Saliva during Examination Induced Stress : A Randomized, Double-Blind Controlled Trial
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Journal of Microbiology. - : Hindawi Publishing Corporation. - 1687-918X .- 1687-9198. ; 2016
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective. To clarify the effect of Lactobacillus plantarum 299v on the salivary cortisol and salivary IgA levels in young adults under examination stress. Design. Forty-one students with an upcoming academic exam were included in a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study. The probiotic bacteria or the placebo product was administered in capsules once a day during 14 days. Saliva was collected and a perceived stress test was filled out at each sampling occasion. Saliva was collected for cortisol analysis by Electrochemiluminescence Immunoassay (ECLI) and salivary IgA was analysed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Abundance of lactobacilli was evaluated by cultivation of saliva on selective medium and identification of L. plantarum 299v was done on randomly selected colonies by a random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD) typing. Results. A significant difference in cortisol levels was found between the treatment group and the placebo group (P < 0.05), together with a significant increase in levels of lactobacilli in the treatment group compared with the placebo group (P < 0.001). No significant changes were found for salivary IgA. Conclusion. A probiotic bacterium with ability to reduce symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) prohibited increased levels of the stress marker cortisol during the examination period. The registration number of the study is NCT02974894, and the study is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Cabak Rédei, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Visual Perception—a matter of “filling in” the gaps
- 2012
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Ingår i: Proceedings: Towards Cognitive Semiotics, Seventh Conference of the Nordic Association for Semiotic Studies, 6–8 May, 2011,Lund.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This presentation discusses how perception of pictures, of foremost faces, might be processed in the brain. Research in cognitive psychology suggests that pictures of faces are processed in to some extent specific areas of the brain (fusiform gyrus), than those showing other objects. Pictures of faces seem to be perceived in a holistic way, that is, dealt with in parallel (several features are processed at the same time). May ordinary pictures of faces, which are processed holistically (as Gestalt) also be said to be typical for iconic perception, in contrast to perception of index? We therefore also put the question: do we perceive so called Mooney-pictures of faces (which are flat and have only two intensity levels) in serial, and may we identify the process with perception of indexical signs? We will seek some tentative answers to those questions by relating to contemporary research in cognition and visual perception.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Dunér, David, et al.
(författare)
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Encounters : The discovery of the unknown
- 2016
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Ingår i: Human Lifeworlds: The Cognitive Semiotics of Cultural Evolution. - : Peter Lang D. - 9783631662854 - 9783653054866 ; , s. 267-300
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 15. |
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Human Lifeworlds : The cognitive semiotics of cultural evolution
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Human Lifeworlds: The Cognitive Semiotics of Cultural Evolution. - : Peter Lang D. - 9783653054866 - 9783631662854 ; , s. 23-62
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- This book, which presents a cognitive-semiotic theory of cultural evolution, including that taking place in historical time, analyses various cognitive-semiotic artefacts and abilities. It claims that what makes human beings human is fundamentally the semiotic and cultural skills by means of which they endow their Lifeworld with meaning. The properties that have made human beings special among animals living in the terrestrial biosphere do not derive entirely from their biological-genetic evolution, but also stem from their interaction with the environment, in its culturally interpreted form, the Lifeworld. This, in turn, becomes possible thanks to the human ability to learn from other thinking beings, and to transfer experiences, knowledge, meaning, and perspectives to new generations.
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| 16. |
- Kokfelt, Ulla, et al.
(författare)
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Wetland development, permafrost history and nutrient cycling inferred from late Holocene peat and lake sediment records in subarctic Sweden
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Paleolimnology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0921-2728 .- 1573-0417. ; 44:1, s. 327-342
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Permafrost in peatlands of subarctic Sweden is presently thawing at accelerated rates, which raises questions about the destiny of stored carbon and nutrients and impacts on adjacent freshwater ecosystems. In this study we use peat and lake sediment records from the Stordalen palsa mire in northern Sweden to address the late Holocene (5,000 cal BP-present) development of the mire as well as related changes in carbon and nutrient cycling. Formation, sediment accumulation and biogeochemistry of two studied lakes are suggested to be largely controlled by the development of the mire and its permafrost dynamics. Peat inception took place at ca. 4,700 cal BP as a result of terrestrialisation. Onset of organic sedimentation in the adjacent lakes occurred at ca. 3,400 and 2,650 cal BP in response to mire expansion and permafrost aggradation, respectively. Mire erosion, possibly due to permafrost decay, led to re-deposition of peat into one of the lakes after ca. 2,100 cal BP, and stimulated primary productivity in the other lake at ca. 1,900-1,800 cal BP. Carbonate precipitation appears to have been suppressed when acidic poor fen and bog (palsa) communities dominated the catchment mire, and permafrost-induced changes in hydrology may further have affected the inflow of alkaline water from the catchment. Elevated contents of biogenic silica and diatom pigments in lake sediments during periods of poor fen and bog expansion further indicate that terrestrial vegetation influenced the amount of nutrients entering the lake. Increased productivity in the lake likely caused bottom-water anoxia in the downstream lake and led to recycling of sediment phosphorous, bringing the lake into a state of self-sustained eutrophication during two centuries preceding the onset of twentieth century permafrost thaw. Our results give insight into nutrient and permafrost dynamics in a subarctic wetland and imply that continued permafrost decay and related vegetation changes towards minerotrophy may increase carbon and nutrient storage of mire deposits and reduce nutrient fluxes in runoff. Rapid permafrost degradation may on the other hand lead to widespread mire erosion and to relatively short periods of significantly increased nutrient loading in adjacent lakes.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Lenninger, Sara M., et al.
(författare)
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Mirror, peephole and video : the role of contiguity in children’s perception of reference in iconic signs
- 2020
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - 1664-1078. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study looked at the extent to which 2-year-old children benefited from information conveyed by viewing a hiding event through an opening in a cardboard screen, seeing it as live video, as pre-recorded video, or by way of a mirror. Being encouraged to find the hidden object by selecting one out of two cups, the children successfully picked the baited cup significantly more often when they had viewed the hiding through the opening, or in live video, than when they viewed it in pre-recorded video, or by way of a mirror. All conditions rely on the perception of similarity. The study suggests, however, that contiguity – i.e., the perception of temporal and physical closeness between events – rather than similarity is the principal factor accounting for the results.
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| 20. |
- Lenninger, Sara M.
(författare)
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Pictures : perceptions of realism in the service of communication
- 2016
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Ingår i: Human lifeworlds. - Frankfurt am Main : Peter Lang Publishing Group. ; , s. 97-112
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Pictures have not evolved as isolated phenomena in human culture, but occupy their place and contribute to changes in the complex and intricate processes we in this book designate as cultural evolution. In this chapter, pictures are discussed as semiotic resources from a perspective of human cultural evolution. The material picture (the picture-thing) is examined both as a perceptual object, and as a communicative resource. An assumption in this chapter is that the discrimination of the picture as a communicative resource had (and may still have) a vital, but also distinct, role in the human endeavour to explore sign relationships. Its distinctiveness does not consist in being the original or the prior semiotic resource in relation to other semiotic resources developed in human communication. Rather, its specific role derives from the combination of visual and communicative meanings employed in pictures, having recourse to the inherent qualities of “natural meaning”, but at the same time not being mere “natural experience”.
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| 21. |
- Lenninger, Sara M.
(författare)
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When similarity qualifies as a sign : a study in picture understanding and semiotic development in young children
- 2012
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The general goal of this thesis is to elucidate children’s early understandings of pictorial meanings, and how one can know anything about them. My central aim is to explore how picture comprehension develops during children’s first 3 years of life, through semiotic-theory-derived analyses of meaning relations. In so doing, I hope to contribute to the study of both semiotic theory’s psychological basis and the role of semiotic processes in cognitive development: specifically, in children’s experiences of pictorial meanings.In an experimental object retrieval test, including pictures, I show the importance of studying concrete instances of children’s experiences. Among its key results is that, for a group of children who are close to the threshold of being able to use the picture to solve the retrieval task, indexical cuing assists their understanding. One central claims is that the picture sign reflects a dual semiotic process: on the one hand, picture understanding relies on recognition of perceptual similarities; on the other, it draws on communicative processes that are intrinsic to all sign constructions. This duality is particularly interesting when it comes to looking at children’s development of picture understanding. Through similarity relations, children perceive accurate – but initially private, and semiotically premature – understanding of pictures. At the same time though, children are alert to communicative meanings from the start.
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| 22. |
- Lenninger, Sara, et al.
(författare)
-
Mirror, peephole and video - The role of contiguity in children's perception of reference in iconic signs
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present study looked at the extent to which 2-year-old children benefited from information conveyed by viewing a hiding event through an opening in a cardboard screen, seeing it as live video, as pre-recorded video, or by way of a mirror. Being encouraged to find the hidden object by selecting one out of two cups, the children successfully picked the baited cup significantly more often when they had viewed the hiding through the opening, or in live video, than when they viewed it in pre-recorded video, or by way of a mirror. All conditions rely on the perception of similarity. The study suggests, however, that contiguity – i.e., the perception of temporal and physical closeness between events – rather than similarity is the principal factor accounting for the results.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Lenninger, Sara, et al.
(författare)
-
Semiotics in Picture and Image Studies
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Bloomsbury semiotics Volume 3 : Semiotics in the arts and social sciences - Semiotics in the arts and social sciences. - 9781350139367 ; , s. 149-168
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Lenninger, Sara
(författare)
-
When similarity qualifies as a sign : a study in picture understanding and semiotic development in young children
- 2012
-
Doktorsavhandling (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- The general goal of this thesis is to elucidate children’s early understandings of pictorial meanings, and how one can know anything about them. My central aim is to explore how picture comprehension develops during children’s first 3 years of life, through semiotic-theory-derived analyses of meaning relations. In so doing, I hope to contribute to the study of both semiotic theory’s psychological basis and the role of semiotic processes in cognitive development: specifically, in children’s experiences of pictorial meanings. In an experimental object retrieval test, including pictures, I show the importance of studying concrete instances of children’s experiences. Among its key results is that, for a group of children who are close to the threshold of being able to use the picture to solve the retrieval task, indexical cuing assists their understanding. One central claims is that the picture sign reflects a dual semiotic process: on the one hand, picture understanding relies on recognition of perceptual similarities; on the other, it draws on communicative processes that are intrinsic to all sign constructions. This duality is particularly interesting when it comes to looking at children’s development of picture understanding. Through similarity relations, children perceive accurate – but initially private, and semiotically premature – understanding of pictures. At the same time though, children are alert to communicative meanings from the start.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Madsen, Elainie, et al.
(författare)
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Chimpanzees show a developmental increase in susceptibility to contagious yawning: A test of the effect of ontogeny and emotional closeness on yawn contagion
- 2013
-
Ingår i: PLoS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Contagious yawning has been reported for humans, dogs and several non-human primate species, and associated with empathy in humans and other primates. Still, the function, development and underlying mechanisms of contagious yawning remain unclear. Humans and dogs show a developmental increase in susceptibility to yawn contagion, with children showing an increase around the age of four, when also empathy-related behaviours and accurate identification of others’ emotions begin to clearly evince. Explicit tests of yawn contagion in non-human apes have only involved adult individuals and examined the existence of conspecific yawn contagion. Here we report the first study of heterospecific contagious yawning in primates, and the ontogeny of susceptibility thereto in chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes verus. We examined whether emotional closeness, defined as attachment history with the yawning model, affected the strength of contagion, and compared the contagiousness of yawning to nose-wiping. Thirty-three orphaned chimpanzees observed an unfamiliar and familiar human (their surrogate human mother) yawn, gape and nose-wipe. Yawning, but not nose-wiping, was contagious for juvenile chimpanzees, while infants were immune to contagion. Like humans and dogs, chimpanzees are subject to a developmental trend in susceptibility to contagious yawning, and respond to heterospecific yawn stimuli. Emotional closeness with the model did not affect contagion. The familiarity-biased social modulatory effect on yawn contagion previously found among some adult primates, seem to only emerge later in development, or be limited to interactions with conspecifics. The influence of the ‘chameleon effect’, targeted vs. generalised empathy, perspective-taking and visual attention on contagious yawning is discussed.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Mazur, Jennie, 1972-
(författare)
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Die ,schwedische‘ Lösung : Eine kultursemiotisch orientierte Untersuchung der audiovisuellen Werbespots von IKEA in Deutschland
- 2012
-
Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The Swedish furniture company IKEA is famous worldwide for its successful advertising and communication strategies. In the years 1997–2007, the company attained a very prominent status in Germany through audiovisual advertisements in the mass media of television and the Internet, including YouTube. A striking example of this phenomenon is the campaign launched by IKEA on St. Knut’s Day, the date that traditionally ends the Christmas holidays in Sweden. In its advertising, IKEA invented a Swedish tradition of throwing out the Christmas tree through the window in order to create more space for IKEA furniture at home. The present study examines the process of establishing IKEA as a Swedish brand in Germany through audiovisual advertising. This is done within an interdisciplinary framework of primarily cultural semiotics, communication theory and advertising research. The theoretical concepts of Ego and Alter cultures are employed in order to grasp the interaction between the Swedish company and the German consumer culture. IKEA constructs a model of itself and enters into a dialogue with the German market. The analysis of 48 audiovisual advertisements, published by IKEA during the period 1997–2007 for a German target audience, shows that the company very consciously draws on various notions of ‘Swedishness’ and Nordic stereotypes. In the last few years, however, the advertising has also included typical German topics that concern domestic, everyday life themes, including equality issues such as parental leave after the birth of a child, women’s careers, and wealthy men being interested in home styling. Over the years, the messages have moved from being indirect and humorous/self-ironic to becoming more serious and direct. The in-depth analyses of six selected audiovisual advertisements explore in detail how IKEA’s presentation of itself as a Swedish company on the German furniture market functions.
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| 32. |
-
Meaning, mind and communication : Explorations in cognitive semiotics
- 2016
-
Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- This volume constitutes the first anthology of texts in cognitive semiotics - the new transdisciplinary study of meaning, mind and communication that combines concepts and methods from semiotics, cognitive science and linguistics - from a multitude of established and younger scholars. The chapters deal with the interaction between language and other semiotic resources, the role of consciousness and concepts, the nature of metaphor, the specificity of human evolution and development, the relation between cognitive semiotics and related fields, and other central topics. They are grouped in four sections: (i) Meta-theoretical perspectives, (ii) Semiotic development and evolution, (iii) Meaning across media, modes and modalities, (iv) Language, blends and metaphors.
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| 33. |
- Mendoza-Collazos, Juan Carlos, et al.
(författare)
-
Revisiting the life of things : A cognitive semiotic study of the agency of artefacts in Amazonia
- 2021
-
Ingår i: The Public Journal of Semiotics. - : Public Journal of Semiotics, Lund University. - 1918-9907. ; 9:2, s. 30-52
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many contemporary scholars have recently defended the idea that the agency of things is symmetrical and equivalent to human agency. We propose an alternative approach to artefacts’ agency based on a field study concerned with contextually situated observations of the process of design of artefacts in Amazonia. By means of participant observation and interviews, we address the role of artefacts in relation to human agency. In so doing, we focus on the human-unique capacity for design as it is related to cognitive resources such as intentionality, decision-making, planning, and volitional adaptations of the material world to human purposes. We argue that such cognitive resources are ultimate manifestations of human agency. The findings allow us to conclude that artefacts possess a special form of agency, which operates in different ways from the agency of true agents. This agency is derived: it depends on the actions of true agents, with either function as remote intentions or are required for the artefact to work at the moment of use. Thus, the relation between artefacts and agents is asymmetrical. Given that the derived agency of artefacts allows people to expand their own agency, we propose the notion of enhanced agency for the prosthetic incorporation of artefacts into the agentive capabilities of human agents.
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| 34. |
- Mendoza-Collazos, Juan, et al.
(författare)
-
The Origins and Evolution of Design : A Stage-Based Model
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Biosemiotics and Evolution : The Natural Foundations of Meaning and Symbolism - The Natural Foundations of Meaning and Symbolism. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 2199-3076 .- 2199-3068. - 9783030852641 - 9783030852672 - 9783030852658 ; 6, s. 161-173
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Within a broader definition of design, as the conception and planning of everything that is artificial, the place of tools is central. With the help of cognitive semiotics in general and Donald’s theory of the evolution of the human mind in particular, we propose a stage model for the evolution of design, consisting of four stages: Proto-design, Simple design, Complex design, and Advanced design, some of which are further divided into substages. We argue that nonhuman animals are capable of Proto-design, but it is only with the advent of stone tool technology in hominins that we witness Simple design. The stages are individuated based on evidence from archaeology and cognitive science, but also on the particular semiotic resources that are novel for each stage: mimesis-based gestures, speech, drawings, and polysemiotic communication. The model suggests both continuities and relative discontinuities in the evolution of design, and more generally, in human bio-cultural evolution.
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| 35. |
- Nordborg, Maria, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing potential pesticide-related ecotoxicity impacts of food products across different functional units.
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Book of Abstracts, 10th International Conference on Life Cycle Assessment of Food.
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study aims to 1) demonstrate and apply a method for assessing the potential freshwater ecotoxicity impacts due to pesticide use in the primary production associated with six food products (chicken fillet, minced pork, minced beef, drinking milk, pea soup and wheat bread), and 2) evaluate how five different functional units (FUs) influence the results. Pesticide emissions were inventoried using an extended, updated and site-specific version of the PestLCI v. 2.0.5 model. In the impact assessment, USEtox v. 2.01 was used. The results show that the choice of FU has little influence on the outcome: four out of five FUs yield the same ranking of the animal-based food products: impact potentials decrease in the order minced pork > chicken fillet > minced beef > milk. The plant-based food products score considerably lower than the animal-based food products, regardless of FU. Notably, impact potentials of beef are lower than of chicken and pork, regardless of FU, contrary to typical carbon footprint and land use results for meat products. We conclude that the choice of FU did not influence the ranking of animal vs. plant-based food products. Also, we conclude that carbon footprints are inadequate proxy indicators of ecotoxicity impacts of food products and that ecotoxicity impacts need to be considered specifically, alongside other important impact categories.
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| 36. |
- Ranta, Michael, et al.
(författare)
-
Art : On the Evolutionary Foundations of Art and Aesthetics
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Human Lifeworlds : The Cognitive Semiotics of Cultural Evolution - The Cognitive Semiotics of Cultural Evolution. - : Peter Lang D. - 9783631662854 - 9783653054866 - 9783631693957 ; , s. 123-144
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 37. |
- Reyes, Everardo, et al.
(författare)
-
New approaches to plastic language : Prolegomena to a computer-aided approach to pictorial semiotics
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Semiotica. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0037-1998 .- 1613-3692. ; :230, s. 71-95
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we summarize observations bridging the declared aspirations of pictorial semiotics and its real achievements. Pictorial semiotics is here understood as the general study of pictures as signs and it constituted a fundamental step beyond the art historical captivation with individual images. In the first part of our contribution we present a review of the most important methods that have been proposed as an answer to deal with several pictorial problems (multiple instances, segmentation, non-figurative meaning). In the second part, we offer some positive and on-going implementations designed to remedy the shortcomings observed. What is suggested is the proof of concept that human researchers need the assistance of computing methodologies. However, computers can only do their job once an adequate phenomenology of human experience is fed into the process.
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| 38. |
- Rydén Ahlgren, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Increased aortic stiffness in women with type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with diabetes duration and autonomic nerve function
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Diabetic Medicine. - 1464-5491. ; 16:4, s. 291-297
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: The increase in risk for cardiovascular complications in diabetic women is even greater than that in diabetic men. We found arterial stiffness to be increased in women, but not in men, with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). The aims of the present study were to evaluate whether the changes in arterial distensibility are influenced by diabetes duration and to evaluate any association between autonomic neuropathy and decreased arterial distensibility. METHODS: Stiffness of the abdominal aorta was measured noninvasively using echo-tracking sonography and parasympathetic function by heart rate variation during deep breathing (E/I ratio) in 40 women (mean age 33 years, range 20-61) and 38 men (mean age 36 years, range 22-56) with Type 1 DM. RESULTS: There was a significant correlation between aortic stiffness and duration of diabetes in women (r = 0.41, P = 0.008), but not in men (r = 0.15, P = 0.35). There was also a significant correlation between aortic stiffness and the E/I ratio in women (r = -0.49, P = 0.002), but not in men (r = -0.14, P = 0.41). When adjusted for diabetes duration, the significant association between the E/I ratio and aortic stiffness remained in diabetic women (r = -0.44, P = 0.008) and was stronger than the association between diabetes duration and aortic stiffness. There were no significant correlations between aortic stiffness and triglycerides or total cholesterol, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Increased aortic wall stiffness found in women with Type 1 DM is related to diabetes duration. Further, in women with Type 1 DM there is a correlation between increased aortic stiffness and parasympathetic dysfunction. This may be of importance for the increased susceptibility to cardiovascular complications in diabetic women.
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| 39. |
- Rydén Ahlgren, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
-
Increased arterial stiffness in women, but not in men, with IDDM
- 1995
-
Ingår i: Diabetologia. - 1432-0428. ; 38:9, s. 1082-1089
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- For unknown reasons, there is a greater increase in the risk for cardiovascular complications in diabetic women than in diabetic men. Our aim was to study gender-related differences in the mechanical properties of the great arteries in patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) but free from known cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications. We measured arterial stiffness (beta, inversely related to arterial compliance) in the abdominal aorta and the common carotid artery non-invasively using echo-tracking sonography in 30 women (mean age 34 years, range 20-61) and 26 men (mean age 38 years, range 22-56) with IDDM. The results were compared with those of healthy individuals of corresponding age and gender. The results showed a marked gender-difference in changes of arterial stiffness. Arterial stiffness was increased in both the abdominal aorta and the common carotid artery in diabetic women compared to control women (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.0076, respectively). In contrast, there was no significant difference in stiffness of the abdominal aorta or the common carotid artery between the diabetic men and the control men (p = 0.69 and p = 0.39, respectively). In conclusion, this study has shown that stiffness of the aorta and the common carotid artery is increased in diabetic women but not in diabetic men. Increased arterial stiffness in diabetic women may be a pathogenic factor which could help to explain the gender-related differences in the risk for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications in diabetic subjects.
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| 40. |
- Sonesson, Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
A Final Move in Chess: Beyond the Picture Sign in Visual Semiotics
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Culture of communication/Communication of culture – Comunicación de la cultura/Cultura de la comunicación. Proceedings of the 10th World Congress of the International Association for Semiotic Studies (IASS/AIS). ; , s. 1397-1408
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Sonesson, Göran, et al.
(författare)
-
Anthroposemiotics
- 2012
-
Ingår i: A more developed sign : interpreting the work of Jesper Hoffmeyer. - 1406-4278. - 994919945X ; 10, s. 25-28
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 44. |
- Sonesson, Göran
(författare)
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Aspects of ‘physiognomic depiction’ in pictures : from macchia to microgenesis
- 2013
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Ingår i: Culture & Psychology. - 1461-7056. ; 19:4, s. 533-547
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- “Figurativity”, roughly paraphrased as that which is not accounted for by the system, is a residue concept of both Piaget’s theory of cognitive development and of Greimasean semiotics. In the latter case, however, figurativity has been related to the second, so-called plastic layer of the picture, which is opposed to the pictorial layer, by means of which the picture is doing its job of depicting something in the world. The plastic layer of any picture is, according to the same conception, like a specimen of abstract arts: it consists of mere spots and lines organized in a particular pattern. A classical art historical term for this vague first-hand view is macchia: but this could also be seen as an anticipation of the microgenetic method, normally credited to Werner. Although the discussion of pictures in Werner and Kaplan’s Symbol Formation (Werner & Kaplan, 1963) is rather limited in scope, the idea of physiognomic meaning, which plays such an important part in that book, and which has precursors in earlier Ganzheitzpsychologie, may hold the key to understanding the nature of plastic language – to grasp in what way the picture is not only less, but at the same time more, than the real thing. It may also give a clue to the establishment of a developmental psycho-semiotics of plastic language and, beyond that, of figurativity in general.
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- Sonesson, Göran
(författare)
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Au délà du montage, la rhétorique du cinéma
- 2002
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Ingår i: Visio. - 1026-8340. ; 7:1-2, s. 155-170
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in French Au-delà du montage – la rhétorique du cinéma Contrairement à d'autres types d'images plus statiques, le film, avec son fort "effet de réalité", semble résister à une explication inspirée d'un modèle rhétorique. Même du point de vue d'une rhétorique "écologique", telle que la nôtre, qui reconnaît une rupture de normes déjà dans les transformations homogènes, le film peut facilement donner l'impression d'être trop fermement enraciné dans le monde de la vie pour pouvoir fonctionner d'une manière rhétorique. Le montage classique, tel que l'on le trouve, notamment, chez Eisenstein et Pudovkin, constitue évidemment le contre-exemple le plus convaincant. Mais il faut aller au-delà du montage classique, vers les différentes régions de sens, ou les niveaux de fictions, pour trouver la vraie rhétorique du film. Beyond the montage – the rhetoric of the cinema Contrary to the static picture, the film, which conveys such a strong impression of reality, seems to resist any explanation which takes its point of departure in a rhetorical model. Even from the point of view of the “ecological” rhetoric defended by the present author, which recognises homogeneous transformations, alongside the heterogeneous ones, the film may easily give the impression of being too firmly rooted in the common sense Lifeworld for it to be interpreted rhetorically. No doubt it is easy to discover a rhetorical aspect in the classical theories of the montage formulated by Eisenstein and Pudovkin. But it will be necessary to go well beyond these classical conceptions to different levels of meaning and fiction in order to discover the real rhetoric of the cinema.
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| 48. |
- Sonesson, Göran
(författare)
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Bats out of the belfry : The nature of metaphor, with special attention to pictorial metaphors
- 2015
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Ingår i: Signs and media. - 2590-0315. ; 11, s. 74-104
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study of metaphor currently being made in the wake of Lakoff may contribute important knowledge of the traits most relevant to iconicity, but it fails to account for the nature of metaphors, which suppose a wilful misclassification of phenomena, which leads to a state of semantic tension. Taking our point of departure in an interpretation of the Peircean categories that we have proposed in a recent paper, we suggest that what Lakoff is studying are diagrams, rather than true metaphors. We then go on to show that the metaphor is a functional category, and that is can thus be realised also in pictures, though its manifestation in different in several ways from the verbal equivalent. Pictorial metaphors are doubly iconic, and thus suppose a double discovery procedure to pin down the similarity.
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