| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Kristanl, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The Seventh Visual Object Tracking VOT2019 Challenge Results
- 2019
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Ingår i: 2019 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781728150239 ; , s. 2206-2241
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2019 is the seventh annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 81 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis as well as the standard VOT methodology for long-term tracking analysis. The VOT2019 challenge was composed of five challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2019 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2019 focused on long-term tracking namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. Two new challenges have been introduced: (iv) VOT-RGBT2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB and thermal imagery and (v) VOT-RGBD2019 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2019, VOT-RT2019 and VOT-LT2019 datasets were refreshed while new datasets were introduced for VOT-RGBT2019 and VOT-RGBD2019. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term, long-term tracking and tracking with multi-channel imagery. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
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| 3. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Search for h(c) -> pi(+)pi(-) J/psi via psi(3686) -> pi(0)pi(+)pi(-) J/psi
- 2018
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Ingår i: Physical Review D. - : American Physical Society. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 97:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using a data sample of 448.1 x 10(6) psi(3686) events collected with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII, we perform search for the hadronic transition h(c)-> pi(+)pi(-) J/psi via psi (3686) -> pi(0)hc. No signals of the transition are observed, and the upper limit on the product branching fraction B(sigma(3686) -> pi(0)h(c))B(h(c) -> pi(+)pi(-) J/psi) at the 90% confidence level (C. L.) is determined to be 2.0 x 10(-6). This is the most stringent upper limit to date.
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| 5. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The first visual object tracking segmentation VOTS2023 challenge results
- 2023
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Ingår i: 2023 IEEE/CVF International conference on computer vision workshops (ICCVW). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9798350307443 - 9798350307450 ; , s. 1788-1810
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking Segmentation VOTS2023 challenge is the eleventh annual tracker benchmarking activity of the VOT initiative. This challenge is the first to merge short-term and long-term as well as single-target and multiple-target tracking with segmentation masks as the only target location specification. A new dataset was created; the ground truth has been withheld to prevent overfitting. New performance measures and evaluation protocols have been created along with a new toolkit and an evaluation server. Results of the presented 47 trackers indicate that modern tracking frameworks are well-suited to deal with convergence of short-term and long-term tracking and that multiple and single target tracking can be considered a single problem. A leaderboard, with participating trackers details, the source code, the datasets, and the evaluation kit are publicly available at the challenge website1
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| 6. |
- Ariyawansa, Hiran A., et al.
(författare)
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Fungal diversity notes 111–252—taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions to fungal taxa
- 2015
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Ingår i: Fungal diversity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1560-2745 .- 1878-9129. ; 75, s. 27-274
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper is a compilation of notes on 142 fungal taxa, including five new families, 20 new genera, and 100 new species, representing a wide taxonomic and geographic range. The new families, Ascocylindricaceae, Caryosporaceae and Wicklowiaceae (Ascomycota) are introduced based on their distinct lineages and unique morphology. The new Dothideomycete genera Pseudomassariosphaeria (Amniculicolaceae), Heracleicola, Neodidymella and P s e u d o m i c ros p h a e r i o p s i s ( D id y m e l l a c e a e ) , P s e u d o p i t h o m y c e s ( D i d y m o s p h a e r i a c e a e ) , Brunneoclavispora, Neolophiostoma and Sulcosporium (Halotthiaceae), Lophiohelichrysum (Lophiostomataceae), G a l l i i c o l a , Popul o c re s c e n t i a a nd Va g i c o l a (Phaeosphaeriaceae), Ascocylindrica (Ascocylindricaceae), E l o n g a t o p e d i c e l l a t a ( R o u s s o e l l a c e a e ) , Pseudoasteromassaria (Latoruaceae) and Pseudomonodictys (Macrodiplodiopsidaceae) are introduced. The newly described species of Dothideomycetes (Ascomycota) are Pseudomassariosphaeria bromicola (Amniculicolaceae), Flammeascoma lignicola (Anteagloniaceae), Ascocylindrica marina (Ascocylindricaceae) , Lembosia xyliae (Asterinaceae), Diplodia crataegicola and Diplodia galiicola ( B o t r yosphae r i a cea e ) , Caryospor a aquat i c a (Caryosporaceae), Heracleicola premilcurensis and Neodi dymell a thai landi cum (Didymellaceae) , Pseudopithomyces palmicola (Didymosphaeriaceae), Floricola viticola (Floricolaceae), Brunneoclavispora bambusae, Neolophiostoma pigmentatum and Sulcosporium thailandica (Halotthiaceae), Pseudoasteromassaria fagi (Latoruaceae), Keissleriella dactylidicola (Lentitheciaceae), Lophiohelichrysum helichrysi (Lophiostomataceae), Aquasubmersa japonica (Lophiotremataceae) , Pseudomonodictys tectonae (Macrodiplodiopsidaceae), Microthyrium buxicola and Tumidispora shoreae (Microthyriaceae), Alloleptosphaeria clematidis, Allophaeosphaer i a c y t i s i , Allophaeosphae r i a subcylindrospora, Dematiopleospora luzulae, Entodesmium artemisiae, Galiicola pseudophaeosphaeria, Loratospora(Basidiomycota) are introduced together with a new genus Neoantrodiella (Neoantrodiellaceae), here based on both morphology coupled with molecular data. In the class Agaricomycetes, Agaricus pseudolangei, Agaricus haematinus, Agaricus atrodiscus and Agaricus exilissimus (Agaricaceae) , Amanita m e l l e i a l b a , Amanita pseudosychnopyramis and Amanita subparvipantherina (Amanitaceae), Entoloma calabrum, Cora barbulata, Dictyonema gomezianum and Inocybe granulosa (Inocybaceae), Xerocomellus sarnarii (Boletaceae), Cantharellus eucalyptorum, Cantharellus nigrescens, Cantharellus tricolor and Cantharellus variabilicolor (Cantharellaceae), Cortinarius alboamarescens, Cortinarius brunneoalbus, Cortinarius ochroamarus, Cortinarius putorius and Cortinarius seidlii (Cortinariaceae), Hymenochaete micropora and Hymenochaete subporioides (Hymenochaetaceae), Xylodon ramicida (Schizoporaceae), Colospora andalasii (Polyporaceae), Russula guangxiensis and Russula hakkae (Russulaceae), Tremella dirinariae, Tremella graphidis and Tremella pyrenulae (Tremellaceae) are introduced. Four new combinations Neoantrodiella gypsea, Neoantrodiella thujae (Neoantrodiellaceae), Punctulariopsis cremeoalbida, Punctulariopsis efibulata (Punctulariaceae) are also introduced here for the division Basidiomycota. Furthermore Absidia caatinguensis, Absidia koreana and Gongronella koreana (Cunninghamellaceae), Mortierella pisiformis and Mortierella formosana (Mortierellaceae) are newly introduced in the Zygomycota, while Neocallimastix cameroonii and Piromyces irregularis (Neocallimastigaceae) ar e i n t roduced i n the Neocallimastigomycota. Reference specimens or changes in classification and notes are provided for Alternaria ethzedia, Cucurbitaria ephedricola, Austropleospora, Austropleospora archidendri, Byssosphaeria rhodomphala, Lophiostoma caulium, Pseudopithomyces maydicus, Massariosphaeria, Neomassariosphaeria and Pestalotiopsis montellica.
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| 7. |
- Chen, Guanying, et al.
(författare)
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(alpha-NaYbF4:Tm3+)/CaF2 Core/Shell Nanoparticles with Efficient Near-Infrared to Near-Infrared Upconversion for High-Contrast Deep Tissue Bioimaging
- 2012
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Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 6:9, s. 8280-8287
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe the development of novel and biocompatible core/shell (alpha-NaYbF4:Tm3+)/CaF2 nanoparticles that exhibit highly efficient NIRin-NIROut upconversion (UC) for high contrast and deep bioimaging. When excited at similar to 980 nm, these nanoparticles emit photoluminescence (PL) peaked at similar to 800 nm. The quantum yield of this UC PL under low power density excitation (similar to 0.3 W/cm(2)) is 0.6 +/- 0.1%. This high UC PL efficiency is realized by suppressing surface quenching effects via heteroepitaxial growth of a biocompatible CaF2 shell, which results in a 35-fold increase in the intensity of UC PL from the core. Small-animal whole-body UC PL imaging with exceptional contrast (signal-to-background ratio of 310) is shown using BALB/c mice intravenously injected with aqueously dispersed nanoparticles (700 pmol/kg). High-contrast UC PL imaging of deep tissues is also demonstrated, using a nanoparticle-loaded synthetic fibrous mesh wrapped around rat femoral bone and a cuvette with nanoparticle aqueous dispersion covered with a 3.2 cm thick animal tissue (pork).
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| 8. |
- Jiang, Fangyuan, et al.
(författare)
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Association between antibiotic use during early life and early-onset colorectal cancer risk overall and according to polygenic risk and FUT2 genotypes
- 2023
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 153:9, s. 1602-1611
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Early-onset colorectal cancer (EOCRC) has been increasing worldwide. Potential risk factors may have occurred in childhood or adolescence. We investigated the associations between early-life factors and EOCRC risk, with a particular focus on long-term or recurrent antibiotic use (LRAU) and its interaction with genetic factors. Data on the UK Biobank participants recruited between 2006 and 2010 and followed up to February 2022 were used. We used logistic regression to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of the associations between LRAU during early life and EOCRC risk overall and by polygenic risk score (constructed by 127 CRC-related genetic variants) and Fucosyltransferase 2 (FUT2), a gut microbiota regulatory gene. We also assessed the associations for early-onset colorectal adenomas, as precursor lesion of CRC, to examine the effect of LRAU during early-life and genetic factors on colorectal carcinogenesis. A total of 113 256 participants were included in the analysis, with 165 EOCRC cases and 719 EOCRA cases. LRAU was nominally associated with increased risk of early-onset CRC (OR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.01-2.17, P = .046) and adenomas (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.17-1.68, P < .001). When stratified by genetic polymorphisms of FUT2, LRAU appeared to confer a comparatively greater risk for early-onset adenomas among participants with rs281377 TT genotype (OR = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.79-1.52, P = .587, for CC genotype; OR = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.16-2.64, P = .008, for TT genotype; Pinteraction = .089). Our study suggested that LRAU during early life is associated with increased risk of early-onset CRC and adenomas, and the association for adenomas is predominant among individuals with rs281377 TT/CT genotype. Further studies investigating how LRAU contributes together with genetic factors to modify EOCRC risk, particularly concerning the microbiome-related pathway underlying colorectal carcinogenesis, are warranted.
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| 9. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(författare)
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The Ninth Visual Object Tracking VOT2021 Challenge Results
- 2021
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Ingår i: 2021 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW 2021). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781665401913 ; , s. 2711-2738
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2021 is the ninth annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 71 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in recent years. The VOT2021 challenge was composed of four sub-challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2021 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2021 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2021 focused on long-term tracking, namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance and (iv) VOT-RGBD2021 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2021 dataset was refreshed, while VOT-RGBD2021 introduces a training dataset and sequestered dataset for winner identification. The source code for most of the trackers, the datasets, the evaluation kit and the results along with the source code for most trackers are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
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| 10. |
- Niemi, MEK, et al.
(författare)
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- 2021
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swepub:Mat__t
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| 11. |
- Abé, Christoph, et al.
(författare)
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Longitudinal Cortical Thickness Changes in Bipolar Disorder and the Relationship to Genetic Risk, Mania, and Lithium Use.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Biological psychiatry. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2402 .- 0006-3223. ; 87:3, s. 271-281
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bipolar disorder (BD) is a highly heritable psychiatric disorder characterized by episodes of manic and depressed mood states and associated with cortical brain abnormalities. Although the course of BD is often progressive, longitudinal brain imaging studies are scarce. It remains unknown whether brain abnormalities are static traits of BD or result from pathological changes over time. Moreover, the genetic effect on implicated brain regions remains unknown.Patients with BD and healthy control (HC) subjects underwent structural magnetic resonance imaging at baseline (123 patients, 83 HC subjects) and after 6 years (90 patients, 61 HC subjects). Cortical thickness maps were generated using FreeSurfer. Using linear mixed effects models, we compared longitudinal changes in cortical thickness between patients with BD and HC subjects across the whole brain. We related our findings to genetic risk for BD and tested for effects of demographic and clinical variables.Patients showed abnormal cortical thinning of temporal cortices and thickness increases in visual/somatosensory brain areas. Thickness increases were related to genetic risk and lithium use. Patients who experienced hypomanic or manic episodes between time points showed abnormal thinning in inferior frontal cortices. Cortical changes did not differ between diagnostic BD subtypes I and II.In the largest longitudinal BD study to date, we detected abnormal cortical changes with high anatomical resolution. We delineated regional effects of clinical symptoms, genetic factors, and medication that may explain progressive brain changes in BD. Our study yields important insights into disease mechanisms and suggests that neuroprogression plays a role in BD.
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| 12. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - 2050-084X. ; 5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.522.7) and 16.5 cm (13.319.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 13. |
- Bentham, James, et al.
(författare)
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A century of trends in adult human height
- 2016
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Ingår i: eLIFE. - : eLife Sciences Publications Ltd. - 2050-084X. ; 5
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Being taller is associated with enhanced longevity, and higher education and earnings. We reanalysed 1472 population-based studies, with measurement of height on more than 18.6 million participants to estimate mean height for people born between 1896 and 1996 in 200 countries. The largest gain in adult height over the past century has occurred in South Korean women and Iranian men, who became 20.2 cm (95% credible interval 17.5–22.7) and 16.5 cm (13.3– 19.7) taller, respectively. In contrast, there was little change in adult height in some sub-Saharan African countries and in South Asia over the century of analysis. The tallest people over these 100 years are men born in the Netherlands in the last quarter of 20th century, whose average heights surpassed 182.5 cm, and the shortest were women born in Guatemala in 1896 (140.3 cm; 135.8– 144.8). The height differential between the tallest and shortest populations was 19-20 cm a century ago, and has remained the same for women and increased for men a century later despite substantial changes in the ranking of countries.
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| 14. |
- Bhat, Goutam, et al.
(författare)
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NTIRE 2022 Burst Super-Resolution Challenge
- 2022
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Ingår i: 2022 IEEE/CVF CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION AND PATTERN RECOGNITION WORKSHOPS (CVPRW 2022). - : IEEE. - 9781665487399 - 9781665487405 ; , s. 1040-1060
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Burst super-resolution has received increased attention in recent years due to its applications in mobile photography. By merging information from multiple shifted images of a scene, burst super-resolution aims to recover details which otherwise cannot be obtained using a simple input image. This paper reviews the NTIRE 2022 challenge on burst super-resolution. In the challenge, the participants were tasked with generating a clean RGB image with 4x higher resolution, given a RAW noisy burst as input. That is, the methods need to perform joint denoising, demosaicking, and super-resolution. The challenge consisted of 2 tracks. Track 1 employed synthetic data, where pixel-accurate high-resolution ground truths are available. Track 2 on the other hand used real-world bursts captured from a handheld camera, along with approximately aligned reference images captured using a DSLR. 14 teams participated in the final testing phase. The top performing methods establish a new state-of-the-art on the burst super-resolution task.
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| 15. |
- Chen, Fuhao, et al.
(författare)
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Medium-Term Wind Power Forecasting based on Dynamic Self-Attention Mechanism
- 2023
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Ingår i: 2023 IEEE Belgrade PowerTech, PowerTech 2023. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE).
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Medium-Term Wind Power Forecasting (MTWPF), with a 7-day forecasting horizon, can provide important support for dispatch plans in the power system and trading strategies in the electricity market. Existing MTWPF methods usually use the Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) to map the power generated by wind farms. However, the accuracy of the NWP decreases as the forecasting horizon increases, which reduces the performance of the MTWPF. In this paper, we propose a MTWPF model based on multi-head Dynamic Self-Attention mechanism (DSA-MTWPF), which dynamically adjusts the mapping between NWP and wind power according to the change in forecasting horizon. A case study using operational data from one wind farm in China demonstrates that the DSAM-MTWPF outperforms that of the state-of-the-art MTWPF models.
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| 16. |
- Chen, Jie, et al.
(författare)
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Origin of the spatial consistency of summer precipitation variability between the Mongolian Plateau and the mid-latitude East Asian summer monsoon region
- 2020
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Ingår i: Science China. Earth Sciences. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1674-7313 .- 1869-1897. ; 63:8, s. 1199-1208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Mongolian Plateau (MP) is located in the eastern part of arid Central Asia (ACA). Climatically, much of the MP is dominated by the westerly circulation and has an arid and semi-arid climate; however, the eastern part of the MP is also influenced by the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) and has a humid and semi-humid climate. Several studies have shown that precipitation variability in the MP differs from that in western ACA but is consistent with that in the EASM region. Here we use monthly precipitation data for 1979-2016 to characterize and determine the origin of the summer precipitation variability of the MP and the EASM region. The results show that the MP and the mid-latitude EASM region exhibit a consistent pattern of precipitation variability on interannual and decadal timescales; specifically, the consistent regions are the MP and North and Northeast China. We further investigated the physical mechanisms responsible for the consistent interdecadal precipitation variability between the MP and the mid-latitude EASM region, and found that the mid-latitude wave train over Eurasia, with positive (negative) geopotential height anomalies over the North Atlantic and ACA and negative (positive) geopotential height anomalies over Europe and the MP, is the key factor responsible for the consistency of precipitation variability in the MP and the mid-latitude EASM region. The positive anomalies over the North Atlantic and ACA and negative anomalies over Europe and the MP would enhance the transport of westerly and monsoon moisture to the MP and North and Northeast China. They could also strengthen the Northeast Asian low, enhance the EASM, and trigger the anomalous ascending motion over the MP which promotes precipitation in the MP and in the mid-latitude EASM region. Overall, our results help explain the spatial variations of paleo-precipitation/humidity reconstructions in East Asia and clarify the reasons for the consistency of the regional climate.
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| 17. |
- Chen, Jie, et al.
(författare)
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The modulation of westerlies-monsoon interaction on climate over the monsoon boundary zone in East Asia
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Climatology. - : Wiley. - 0899-8418 .- 1097-0088. ; 41:S1, s. E3049-E3064
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Monsoon boundary zone (MBZ) is a transitional zone between the arid Central Asia (ACA) and humid Asia monsoon area, located in North China-Mongolia. During boreal summer, both the mid-latitude westerlies and East Asian Summer monsoon (EASM) play essential roles in the precipitation variations in the MBZ, via causing anomalous cold air mass from the west and warm/humid air from the south to the MBZ. In this study, we defined a summer westerly index (SWI) over the key westerly domain (35 degrees-42.5 degrees N, 80 degrees-100 degrees E) and an EASM index (EASMI) over the key EASM domain (25 degrees-35 degrees N, 107.5 degrees-125 degrees E) to investigate westerlies-monsoon interaction and their effect on MBZ climate. The results show that westerlies and EASM have a synergistic effect on the precipitation in the MBZ and this synergistic effect could be amplified by the westerlies-monsoon interaction. The westerlies and EASM interaction could induce a local cyclonic anomaly in the MBZ, this cyclonic anomaly further intensifies the westerlies and monsoon flow through a dynamical amplification, favours the precipitation in the MBZ. The MBZ precipitation also contributes to maintain the cyclonic anomaly via the latent heating release. The interannual variability of westerlies is largely modulated by the mid-latitude Silk Road pattern (SRP) and the meridional displacement of the Asian westerly jet (AWJ), and the EASM variability is mainly modulated by El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the combined effects from these mid-latitude circulation systems and tropical SST contribute to the climate variability in MBZ.
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| 18. |
- Chen, Lei, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Mathematical Modeling for Optimal Deployment of In-Building Distributed Antenna Systems
- 2012
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Ingår i: Communications in China (ICCC), 2012. - : IEEE. - 9781467328142 ; , s. 786-791
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In-building Distributed Antenna System (IB-DAS) has been proved to be one of the most efficient methods to provide sufficient coverage and capacity for indoor users. The target of a successful IB-DAS deployment is to guarantee the coverage as well as the capacity of the in-building areas with minimum deployment cost. We consider the optimaldeployment of the IB-DAS based on passive DAS in this paper. Mixed Integer Programming model has been developed forthe topology design of IB-DAS through the optimal installation of power splitters in order to connect all the antennas with minimum cable cost, meanwhile, the transmit power at each antenna are kept within the satisfied level for the service guarantee. The model can deliver optimal solutions to systems with a practical size where passive DAS is commonly deployed. To improve the time efficiency, preprocessing has been done to integrate the building layout data into themodeling. Application of the model over realistic IB-DAS deployment has been conducted, which demonstrates the effectiveness of the model.
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| 19. |
- Chen, Song
(författare)
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Glass Ionomer Cements with Improved Bioactive and Antibacterial Properties
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Dental restorative cements are placed in a harsh oral environment where they are subjected to thermal shock, chemical degradation, and repeating masticatory force. The ideal restorative dental cements should have superior mechanical properties, chemical stability, aesthetic, good handling properties, biocompatibility, antibacterial properties, and preferably bioactivity. This thesis presents research on dental restorative cements with enhanced properties. The overall aim was to increase the bioactivity and antibacterial properties of dental restorative cements without affecting their other properties.The effect from adding calcium silicate to glass ionomer cement (GIC) was investigated. The results showed that calcium silicate could increase the bioactivity and reduce the cytotoxicity of conventional glass ionomer cement without compromising its setting and mechanical properties.Hydroxyapatite (HA) with a high aspect ratio and thin nacreous-layered monetite sheets were also synthesized. Nano HA particles with an aspect ratio of 50 can be synthesized by both precipitation and hydrothermal methods. The aspect ratio was controlled via the pH of reaction medium. Thin nacreous-layered monetite sheets were synthesized through a self-assembly process in the presence of an amine based cationic quaternary surfactant. Temperature, pH, and presence of surfactant played essential roles in forming the nacreous-layered monetite sheets. Then the effect from adding silver doped HA and monetite particles was investigated. The results showed that the antibacterial properties of GIC could be increased by incorporating silver doped HA and monetite particles. Further examination showed that the pH change, F- ion release, and concentration of released Ag+ ions were not responsible for the improved antibacterial properties.The quasi-static strengths and compressive fatigue limits of four types of the most commonly used dental restorations were evaluated. In our study, resin modified GIC and resin-based composite showed superior static compressive strength and fatigue limits compared to conventional GIC. The static compressive strength of dental cements increased with the aging time. However, aging had no effect on the compressive fatigue limit of resin modified GIC and resin-based composite. The compressive fatigue limit of conventional GIC even showed a drastic decrease after aging.
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| 20. |
- Cruz, Jose Almeida, et al.
(författare)
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RNA-Puzzles : A CASP-like evaluation of RNA three-dimensional structure prediction
- 2012
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Ingår i: RNA. - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. - 1355-8382 .- 1469-9001. ; 18:4, s. 610-625
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report the results of a first, collective, blind experiment in RNA three-dimensional (3D) structure prediction, encompassing three prediction puzzles. The goals are to assess the leading edge of RNA structure prediction techniques; compare existing methods and tools; and evaluate their relative strengths, weaknesses, and limitations in terms of sequence length and structural complexity. The results should give potential users insight into the suitability of available methods for different applications and facilitate efforts in the RNA structure prediction community in ongoing efforts to improve prediction tools. We also report the creation of an automated evaluation pipeline to facilitate the analysis of future RNA structure prediction exercises.
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| 21. |
- Cui, Jun Jie, et al.
(författare)
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Proposal for Observing XUV-Induced Rabi Oscillation Using Superfluorescent Emission
- 2023
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - : American Physical Society (APS). - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 131:4
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intense x-ray and extreme ultraviolet (XUV) light sources have been available for decades, however, due to weak nonlinear interaction in the XUV photon energy range, observation of Rabi oscillation induced by XUV pulse remains a very challenging experimental task. Here we suggest a scheme where photoionization of a He medium by an intense XUV pump pulse is followed by a strong population inversion and Rabi oscillation at the He+(1s-3p) transition and is accompanied by superfluorescence (SF) of the 7.56 eV pulse at the He+(3p-2s) transition. Our numerical simulations show that the Rabi oscillation at the He+(1s-3p) transition induced by an XUV pulse with photon energy 48.36 eV results in significant signatures in the SF spectra, allowing us to identify and characterize the XUV induced Rabi-oscillatory regime. The proposed scheme provides a sensitive tool to monitor and control ultrafast nonlinear dynamics in atoms and molecules triggered by intense XUV.
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| 22. |
- Dong, Yu, et al.
(författare)
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Observation of a Ubiquitous (π, π)-Type Nematic Superconducting Order in the Whole Superconducting Dome of Ultra-Thin BaFe2–xNixAs2 Single Crystals
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Chinese Physics Letters. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0256-307X .- 1741-3540. ; 38:9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In iron-based superconductors, the (0, pi) or (pi, 0) nematicity, which describes an electronic anisotropy with a four-fold symmetry breaking, is well established and believed to be important for understanding the superconducting mechanism. However, how exactly such a nematic order observed in the normal state can be related to the superconducting pairing is still elusive. Here, by performing angular-dependent in-plane magnetoresistivity using ultra-thin flakes in the steep superconducting transition region, we unveil a nematic superconducting order along the (pi, pi) direction in electron-doped BaFe2 - x Ni x As2 from under-doped to heavily overdoped regimes with x = 0.065-0.18. It shows superconducting gap maxima along the (pi, pi) direction rotated by 45 degrees from the nematicity along (0, pi) or (pi, 0) direction observed in the normal state. A similar (pi, pi)-type nematicity is also observed in the under-doped and optimally doped hole-type Ba1 - y K y Fe2As2, with y = 0.2-0.5. These results suggest that the (pi, pi) nematic superconducting order is a universal feature that needs to be taken into account in the superconducting pairing mechanism in iron-based superconductors.
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| 23. |
- Du, Banghua, et al.
(författare)
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Energy management and performance analysis of an off-grid integrated hydrogen energy utilization system
- 2024
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Ingår i: Energy Conversion and Management. - 0196-8904. ; 299
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In integrated hydrogen energy utilization systems, due to the low efficiency of hydrogen/electricity conversion, coordination of energy management and efficient waste heat recovery is required to optimize performance. To address this challenge, this paper presents a comprehensive and sophisticated modeling and energy management strategy to enhance the off-grid energy utilization rate while prolonging the main components' lifetime. The developed model incorporates multiphase flow and heat transport balance for electricity and heat production, enabling a highly accurate representation of real-world behaviors of the system. The proposed off-grid operation strategy is complemented by a designed heat recovery scheme, ensuring the use of energy resources and waste heat. In addition, the proposed energy management strategy monitors the real-time status of each subsystem, actively reducing the number of harmful start-stop cycles of the hydrogen production system, thereby mitigating short-term power impacts and delaying its aging. Specifically, the voltage degradation of the reduction cell is reduced from 4.67 mV to 4.48 mV, the energy utilization rate is increased from 47.6 % to 53.9 %, and the energy efficiency of fuel cells significantly increases from 53.6 % to 78.1 %.
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| 24. |
- Du, Zaifa, et al.
(författare)
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Efficiency enhancement of micro-light-emitting diode with shrinking size by localized surface plasmons coupling
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Applied Physics B: Lasers and Optics. - 0946-2171. ; 130:3
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The external quantum efficiency (EQE) enhancement of different sized GaN micro-light-emitting diodes (μLEDs) by using localized surface plasmons (LSPs) have been studied. Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) are attached to the sidewalls of μLEDs by spin-coating so as to be effectively coupled with the multiple quantum well (MQW) of μLEDs and generate the LSPs. In the μLEDs with 20 × 20 μm2 large mesas, the LSPs can effectively inhibit the efficiency droop. Compared to the μLED samples without the LSPs coupling, the EQE has been enhanced by about 8% at a high current density of 20,000 A/cm2. This work confirms the effectiveness of the LSPs technology in improving the μLED performances, which is originally practiced only on the basal faces of conventional LEDs.
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| 25. |
- Fang, Song, et al.
(författare)
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A Frequency-Domain Characterization of Optimal Error Covariance for the Kalman-Bucy Filter
- 2018
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Ingår i: 2018 IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC). - : IEEE. - 9781538613955 ; , s. 6366-6371
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we discover that the trace of the division of the optimal output estimation error covariance over the noise covariance attained by the Kalman-Bucy filter can be explicitly expressed in terms of the plant dynamics and noise statistics in a frequency-domain integral characterization. Towards this end, we examine the algebraic Riccati equation associated with Kalman-Bucy filtering using analytic function theory and relate it to the Bode integral. Our approach features an alternative, frequency-domain framework for analyzing algebraic Riccati equations and reduces to various existing related results.
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| 26. |
- Fu, Yifeng, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Templated Growth of Covalently Bonded Three-Dimensional Carbon Nanotube Networks Originated from Graphene
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Advanced Materials. - : Wiley. - 0935-9648 .- 1521-4095. ; 24:12, s. 1576-1581
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A template-assisted method that enables the growth of covalently bonded three-dimensional carbon nanotubes (CNTs) originating from graphene at a large scale is demonstrated. Atomic force microscopy-based mechanical tests show that the covalently bonded CNT structure can effectively distribute external loading throughout the network to improve the mechanical strength of the material.
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| 27. |
- Gao, Guangbin, et al.
(författare)
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Understanding filamentous cyanobacteria and their adaptive niches in Lake Honghu, a shallow eutrophic lake
- 2025
-
Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Sciences (China). - 1001-0742. ; 152, s. 219-234
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Freshwater lakes globally are witnessing an escalation in the frequency and intensity of cyanobacterial harmful blooms. However, underlying factors influencing the succession or coexistence of cyanobacteria, especially filamentous ones, remain poorly understood. Lake Honghu, a Ramsar Wetland of International Importance with degrading aquatic ecological quality, served as a case study to elucidate the intricate relationship between environmental changes and cyanobacterial dynamics. Our analysis revealed a significant increase in the dominance of filamentous cyanobacteria, marked by high spatiotemporal variability in community structure. This dominance of filamentous diazotrophic cyanobacteria is attributed to a decrease in the ratio of dissolved inorganic nitrogen to total phosphorus and their capacity to utilize organic phosphorus in phosphorus-deficient conditions. Species-specific density variations were linked to diverse environmental factors, with total nitrogen or total phosphorus concentration remaining as a crucial factor influencing dominant cyanobacterial density fluctuations. The dominance of low-temperature-tolerant Aphanizomenon and Pseudanabaena was evident in spring and winter, whereas Dolichospermum and Cylindrospermopsis, which prefer higher temperatures, thrived in summer and autumn. Additionally, non-algal turbidity and heterogeneity can potentially alter the competitive outcome among filamentous cyanobacteria or foster coexistence under conditions of elevated temperatures and nutrient limitation. This study predicts that filamentous cyanobacteria may spread and persist in lakes spanning a wide trophic range. Current findings enhance our comprehension of the dynamic responses exhibited by filamentous bloom-forming cyanobacteria in the face of environmental changes within shallow eutrophic lakes and provide valuable insights for lake managers involved in the remediation of degraded shallow lakes.
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| 28. |
- Greening, Chris, et al.
(författare)
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Minimal and hybrid hydrogenases are active from archaea
-
Ingår i: Cell. - 1097-4172. ; 187
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microbial hydrogen (H 2) cycling underpins the diversity and functionality of diverse anoxic ecosystems. Among the three evolutionarily distinct hydrogenase superfamilies responsible, [FeFe] hydrogenases were thought to be restricted to bacteria and eukaryotes. Here, we show that anaerobic archaea encode diverse, active, and ancient lineages of [FeFe] hydrogenases through combining analysis of existing and new genomes with extensive biochemical experiments. [FeFe] hydrogenases are encoded by genomes of nine archaeal phyla and expressed by H 2-producing Asgard archaeon cultures. We report an ultraminimal hydrogenase in DPANN archaea that binds the catalytic H-cluster and produces H 2. Moreover, we identify and characterize remarkable hybrid complexes formed through the fusion of [FeFe] and [NiFe] hydrogenases in ten other archaeal orders. Phylogenetic analysis and structural modeling suggest a deep evolutionary history of hybrid hydrogenases. These findings reveal new metabolic adaptations of archaea, streamlined H 2 catalysts for biotechnological development, and a surprisingly intertwined evolutionary history between the two major H 2-metabolizing enzymes.
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| 29. |
- Hamidi, Anahita, et al.
(författare)
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TGF-β promotes PI3K-AKT signaling and prostate cancer cell migration through the TRAF6-mediated ubiquitylation of p85α
- 2017
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Ingår i: Science Signaling. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science. - 1945-0877 .- 1937-9145. ; 10:486
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- TGF-β signaling stimulates various intracellular pathways that can promote migration in tumor cells. These pathways are generally thought to be either dependent or independent of transcription factors called SMADs. One of the SMAD-independent pathways (PI3K-AKT) is mediated by a direct interaction between PI3K and the TGF-β type I receptor. However, Hamidi et al. found that the TGF-β–induced activation of PI3K depends on another ubiquitin ligase–mediated mechanism and a SMAD protein but is independent of the kinase function of TβRI. The binding of TGF-β to its receptor triggered the recruitment of PI3K and the ubiquitin ligase TRAF6, which polyubiquitylated the regulatory PI3K subunit p85α, thus enabling phosphorylation of the catalytic PI3K subunit p110, but only in the presence of SMAD7. The abundance of ubiquitylated p85α correlated with migration in cultured cells and prostate tumor grade in patient samples. TRAF6 mediates activation of the other “SMAD-independent” (JNK) pathway. These data suggest that, although distinct, the TGF-β signaling pathways are not as insulated from each other as was once thought.
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| 30. |
- Holst, Mikkel Roland, et al.
(författare)
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Clathrin-Independent Endocytosis Suppresses Cancer Cell Blebbing and Invasion
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Cell Reports. - : Cell Press. - 2211-1247. ; 20:8, s. 1893-1905
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cellular blebbing, caused by local alterations in cellsurface tension, has been shown to increase the invasiveness of cancer cells. However, the regulatory mechanisms balancing cell-surface dynamics and bleb formation remain elusive. Here, we show that an acute reduction in cell volume activates clathrinindependent endocytosis. Hence, a decrease in surface tension is buffered by the internalization of the plasma membrane (PM) lipid bilayer. Membrane invagination and endocytosis are driven by the tension- mediated recruitment of the membrane sculpting and GTPase-activating protein GRAF1 (GTPase regulator associated with focal adhesion kinase-1) to the PM. Disruption of this regulation by depleting cells of GRAF1 or mutating key phosphatidylinositol- interacting amino acids in the protein results in increased cellular blebbing and promotes the 3D motility of cancer cells. Our data support a role for clathrin-independent endocytic machinery in balancing membrane tension, which clarifies the previously reported role of GRAF1 as a tumor suppressor.
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| 31. |
- Hou, Liping, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association study of 40,000 individuals identifies two novel loci associated with bipolar disorder.
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Human molecular genetics. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1460-2083 .- 0964-6906. ; 25:15, s. 3383-94
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bipolar disorder (BD) is a genetically complex mental illness characterized by severe oscillations of mood and behavior. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified several risk loci that together account for a small portion of the heritability. To identify additional risk loci, we performed a two-stage meta-analysis of >9 million genetic variants in 9,784 bipolar disorder patients and 30,471 controls, the largest GWAS of BD to date. In this study, to increase power we used ∼2,000 lithium-treated cases with a long-term diagnosis of BD from the Consortium on Lithium Genetics, excess controls, and analytic methods optimized for markers on the X-chromosome. In addition to four known loci, results revealed genome-wide significant associations at two novel loci: an intergenic region on 9p21.3 (rs12553324, p=5.87×10(-9); odds ratio=1.12) and markers within ERBB2 (rs2517959, p=4.53×10(-9); odds ratio=1.13). No significant X-chromosome associations were detected and X-linked markers explained very little BD heritability. The results add to a growing list of common autosomal variants involved in BD and illustrate the power of comparing well-characterized cases to an excess of controls in GWAS.
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| 32. |
- Hughes, Timothy, et al.
(författare)
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A Loss-of-Function Variant in a Minor Isoform of ANK3 Protects Against Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia.
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Biological psychiatry. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-2402 .- 0006-3223. ; 80:4, s. 323-330
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Ankyrin-3 (ANK3) was one of the first genes to reach significance in a bipolar disorder genome-wide association study. Many subsequent association studies confirmed this finding and implicated this gene in schizophrenia. However, the exact nature of the role of ANK3 in the pathophysiology remains elusive. In particular, the specific isoforms involved and the nature of the imbalance are unknown.
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| 33. |
- Jonsson, Lina, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Association of Occupational Dysfunction and Hospital Admissions With Different Polygenic Profiles in Bipolar Disorder.
- 2024
-
Ingår i: The American journal of psychiatry. - 1535-7228. ; 181:7, s. 620-629
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many but not all persons with bipolar disorder require hospital care because of severe mood episodes. Likewise, some but not all patients experience long-term occupational dysfunction that extends beyond acute mood episodes. It is not known whether these dissimilar outcomes of bipolar disorder are driven by different polygenic profiles. Here, polygenic scores (PGSs) for major psychiatric disorders and educational attainment were assessed for associations with occupational functioning and psychiatric hospital admissions in bipolar disorder.A total of 4,782 patients with bipolar disorder and 2,963 control subjects were genotyped and linked to Swedish national registers. Longitudinal measures from at least 10 years of registry data were used to derive percentage of years without employment, percentage of years with long-term sick leave, and mean number of psychiatric hospital admissions per year. Ordinal regression was used to test associations between outcomes and PGSs for bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and educational attainment. Replication analyses of hospital admissions were conducted with data from the Bipolar Disorder Research Network cohort (N=4,219).Long-term sick leave and unemployment in bipolar disorder were significantly associated with PGSs for schizophrenia, ADHD, major depressive disorder, and educational attainment, but not with the PGS for bipolar disorder. By contrast, the number of hospital admissions per year was associated with higher PGSs for bipolar disorder and schizophrenia, but not with the other PGSs.Bipolar disorder severity (indexed by hospital admissions) was associated with a different polygenic profile than long-term occupational dysfunction. These findings have clinical implications, suggesting that mitigating occupational dysfunction requires interventions other than those deployed to prevent mood episodes.
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| 34. |
- Kowalec, Kaarina, et al.
(författare)
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Increased schizophrenia family history burden and reduced premorbid IQ in treatment-resistant schizophrenia : a Swedish National Register and Genomic Study
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Molecular Psychiatry. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 1359-4184 .- 1476-5578. ; 26, s. 4487-4495
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A high proportion of those with schizophrenia experience treatment non-response, placing them at higher risk for mortality and suicide attempts, compared to treatment responders. The clinical, social, and economic burden of treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) are substantial. Previous genomic and epidemiological studies of TRS were often limited by sample size or lack of comprehensive genomic data. We aimed to systematically understand the clinical, demographic, and genomic correlates of TRS using epidemiological and genetic epidemiological modelling in a Swedish national population sample (n = 24,706) and then in a subgroup with common variant genetic risk scores, rare copy-number variant burden, and rare exonic burden (n = 4936). Population-based analyses identified increasing schizophrenia family history to be significantly associated with TRS (highest quartile of familial burden vs. lowest: adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.31, P = 4.8 × 10-8). In males, a decrease of premorbid IQ of one standard deviation was significantly associated with greater risk of TRS (minimal aOR: 0.94, P = 0.002). In a subset of cases with extensive genomic data, we found no significant association between the genetic risk scores of four psychiatric disorders and two cognitive traits with TRS (schizophrenia genetic risk score: aOR = 1.07, P = 0.067). The association between copy number variant and rare variant burden measures and TRS did not reach the pre-defined statistical significance threshold (all P ≥ 0.005). In conclusion, direct measures of genomic risk were not associated with TRS; however, premorbid IQ in males and schizophrenia family history were significantly correlated with TRS and points to new insights into the architecture of TRS.
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| 35. |
- Kowalec, Kaarina, et al.
(författare)
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The association between family history and genomic burden with schizophrenia mortality : a Swedish population-based register and genetic sample study
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Translational Psychiatry. - : Springer Nature. - 2158-3188. ; 11:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Individuals with schizophrenia (SCZ) have a 2-3-fold higher risk of mortality than the general population. Heritability of mortality in psychiatric disorders has been proposed; however, few have investigated SCZ family history and genetic variation, with all-cause and specific causes of death. We aimed to identify correlates of SCZ mortality using genetic epidemiological and genetic modelling in two samples: a Swedish national population sample and a genotyped subsample. In the Swedish national population sample followed from the first SCZ treatment contact until emigration, death or end of the follow-up, we investigated a standardised measure of SCZ family history. In a subgroup with comprehensive genetic data, we investigated the impact of common and rare genetic variation. Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate the association between various factors and mortality (all and specific causes). A total of 13727 SCZ cases fulfilled criteria for the population-based analyses (1268 deaths, 9.2%). The genomic subset contained 4991 cases (1353 deaths, 27.1%). Somatic mutations associated with clonal hematopoiesis with unknown drivers were associated with all-cause mortality (HR 1.77, 95% CI: 1.26-2.49). No other heritable measures were associated with all-cause mortality nor with any specific causes of death. Future studies in larger, comparable cohorts are warranted to further understand the association between hereditary measures and mortality in SCZ.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Leonard, Hampton L., et al.
(författare)
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The IPDGC/GP2 Hackathon - an open science event for training in data science, genomics, and collaboration using Parkinson’s disease data
- 2023
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Ingår i: npj Parkinson's Disease. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2373-8057. ; 9:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Open science and collaboration are necessary to facilitate the advancement of Parkinson’s disease (PD) research. Hackathons are collaborative events that bring together people with different skill sets and backgrounds to generate resources and creative solutions to problems. These events can be used as training and networking opportunities, thus we coordinated a virtual 3-day hackathon event, during which 49 early-career scientists from 12 countries built tools and pipelines with a focus on PD. Resources were created with the goal of helping scientists accelerate their own research by having access to the necessary code and tools. Each team was allocated one of nine different projects, each with a different goal. These included developing post-genome-wide association studies (GWAS) analysis pipelines, downstream analysis of genetic variation pipelines, and various visualization tools. Hackathons are a valuable approach to inspire creative thinking, supplement training in data science, and foster collaborative scientific relationships, which are foundational practices for early-career researchers. The resources generated can be used to accelerate research on the genetics of PD.
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| 38. |
- Li, Chao, et al.
(författare)
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Non-fullerene acceptors with branched side chains and improved molecular packing to exceed 18% efficiency in organic solar cells
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Nature Energy. - : NATURE RESEARCH. - 2058-7546.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Molecular design of acceptor and donor molecules has enabled major progress in organic photovoltaics. Li et al. show that branched alkyl chains in non-fullerene acceptors allow favourable morphology in the active layer, enabling a certified device efficiency of 17.9%. Molecular design of non-fullerene acceptors is of vital importance for high-efficiency organic solar cells. The branched alkyl chain modification is often regarded as a counter-intuitive approach, as it may introduce an undesirable steric hindrance that reduces charge transport in non-fullerene acceptors. Here we show the design and synthesis of a highly efficient non-fullerene acceptor family by substituting the beta position of the thiophene unit on a Y6-based dithienothiophen[3,2-b]-pyrrolobenzothiadiazole core with branched alkyl chains. It was found that such a modification to a different alkyl chain length could completely change the molecular packing behaviour of non-fullerene acceptors, leading to improved structural order and charge transport in thin films. An unprecedented efficiency of 18.32% (certified value of 17.9%) with a fill factor of 81.5% is achieved for single-junction organic solar cells. This work reveals the importance of the branched alkyl chain topology in tuning the molecular packing and blend morphology, which leads to improved organic photovoltaic performance.
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| 39. |
- Li, Doudou, et al.
(författare)
-
Gut microbiota-derived metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide and multiple health outcomes : an umbrella review and updated meta-analysis
- 2022
-
Ingår i: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. - : Oxford University Press. - 0002-9165 .- 1938-3207. ; 116:1, s. 230-243
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut microbiota-derived metabolite produced from dietary nutrients. Many studies have discovered that circulating TMAO concentrations are linked to a wide range of health outcomes.Objectives: This study aimed to summarize health outcomes related to circulating TMAO concentrations.Methods: We searched the Embase. Medline, Web of Science, and Scopus databases from inception to 15 February, 2022 to identify and update meta-analyses examining the associations between 'TAO and multiple health outcomes. For each health outcome, we estimated the summary effect size. 95% prediction CI. between-study heterogeneity. evidence of small-study effects, and evidence of excess-significance bias. These metrics were used to evaluate the evidence credibility of the identified associations.Results: This umbrella review identified 24 meta-analyses that investigated the association between circulating 'TAO concentrations and health outcomes including all-cause mortality, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), diabetes mellitus (DM), cancer. and renal function. We updated these meta-analyses by including a total of 82 individual studies on 18 unique health outcomes. Among them, 14 associations were nominally significant. After evidence credibility assessment, we found 6 (33%) associations (i.e., all-cause mortality, CVD mortality, major adverse cardiovascular events, hypertension. DM, and glomerular filtration rate) to present highly suggestive evidence.Conclusions: TMAO might be a novel biomarker related to human health conditions including all-cause mortality, hypertension. CVD, DM. cancer, and kidney function. Further studies are needed to investigate whether circulating 'MAO concentrations could be an intervention target for chronic disease.
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| 40. |
- Li, Nannan, et al.
(författare)
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Phytolith and simulation evidence for precipitation-modulated vegetation dynamics along the East Asian monsoon margin
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0031-0182. ; 590
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An improved understanding of past interactions between terrestrial vegetation and various forcings, such as climate change, human impact, and paleofire, is crucial for assessing impacts of future global change on terrestrial ecosystems. This study seeks to find the key factor or factors that have driven Holocene vegetation change along the East Asian monsoon margin. Several high-resolution pollen records are reviewed and new phytolith-based paleovegetation reconstructions and physical geochemical datasets are presented from a peatland in northeastern China. Using 108 modern topsoil samples as a training set, canopy cover and vegetation composition are estimated for the period since 5100 cal. yr BP. Variation partitioning analysis (VPA) is used to determine the relative importance of climate change, human impacts, and paleofire disturbance. The generalized dynamic vegetation model LPJ-GUESS is forced with climate anomaly output from an atmospheric general circulation model to simulate vegetation dynamics during the mid-Holocene and the pre-industrial era. The proxy-based estimates are compared to modelling output. Results indicate that regional tree cover varied from 10% to 40% during the past five millennia. The single-core, phytolith-based reconstructions are generally consistent with stacked tree pollen z-scores calculated from different records along the East Asian monsoon margin, implying that mid-Holocene tree cover decrease was persistent and almost synchronous over extensive areas. VPA demonstrates that long-term monsoon marginal vegetation successions were mainly caused by climate effects. Numerical modelling suggests that since the mid-Holocene the retreat of forests along the monsoon margin was primarily associated with precipitation deficits. Our investigation highlights that the precipitation associated with the East Asian monsoon system has exerted a stronger influence than the westerlies on the monsoon margin climate and vegetation change. With ongoing global change, close attention to variations in precipitation patterns and amounts should be especially helpful in efforts aimed at ecological monitoring, change prediction, and restoration.
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| 41. |
- Li, Qiang, et al.
(författare)
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Plasmonic devices for optical interconnect
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Proc. - ICOCN: Int. Conf. Opt. Commun. Networks. - 9781467349574 ; , s. 72-74
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plasmonic nanowire waveguides, hybrid couplers and planar couplers are potential optical interconnect components, which feature small footprint, low loss, high coupling efficiency at optical communication wavelength, and could be integrated to photonic integrated circuits.
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| 42. |
- Liu, Ben, et al.
(författare)
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A facile synthesis of Fe3C@mesoporous carbon nitride nanospheres with superior electrocatalytic activity
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nanoscale. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2040-3364 .- 2040-3372. ; 8:10, s. 5441-5445
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report a colloidal amphiphile-templating approach to preparing nanosized Fe3C encapsulated within mesoporous nitrogen-doped carbon nanospheres (Fe3C@mCN). The obtained Fe3C@mCN hybrids having a high surface area and ultrafine Fe3C nanocrystals exhibited superior activity and durability for oxygen reduction.
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| 43. |
- Liu, Ben, et al.
(författare)
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Unconventional structural and morphological transitions of nanosheets, nanoflakes and nanorods of AuNP@MnO2
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 4:17, s. 6447-6455
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two-dimensional (2-D) layered inorganic materials with ultra-high surface area and mechanical strength have shown impressive photo-/electro-catalytic activities. We herein report a facile synthetic strategy to grow monodispersed 2-D MnO2 nanosheet on an individual gold nanoparticle (AuNP@MnO2 nanosheet), and demonstrate that the strongly interacted AuNP and MnO2 nanosheet could greatly improve the electrocatalytic activity of the MnOx family for electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reactions (ORRs). AuNP@MnO2 nanosheets were prepared using a hydrothermal reduction of KMnO4 by citrate ligands capped on AuNPs. Because of the metastability of the layered MnO2 nanosheets, we observed unconventional structural and morphological transitions of amorphous MnO2 nanosheets to delta-MnO2 nanoflakes, and eventually to alpha-MnO2 nanorods under hydrothermal conditions. The layered MnO2 nanosheets underwent a structural expansion to nanoflakes before the curling and re-folding of layered MnO2 nanosheets occurred. The intermediate states and structural transitions via a layer compression, for the first time, were experimentally recorded at a single-NP scale using electron microscopy. Moreover, we found the electrocatalytic activity of AuNP@MnO2 nanosheets was enhanced roughly 30-40 times, compared to that of pure MnO2 nanosheets and AuNPs. The strong interaction of metal-oxide interfaces (MnO2 nanosheets and AuNPs) was likely responsible for the improved electrocatalytic activity. This interaction of MnO2 and AuNPs was weakened in the course of hydrothermal treatment where partially positively charged Au+ was reduced at elevated temperatures, accompanying with the decrease of ORR activity. This insight into the effect of topological nanostructures and metal-oxide interactions on the electrocatalytic performance of the MnOx family is believed to illustrate an alternative pathway to develop new efficient electrocatalysts.
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| 44. |
- Liu, Lang, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of the Cement–Tailing Ratio on the Hydration Products and Microstructure Characteristics of Cemented Paste Backfill
- 2019
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Ingår i: Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering. - : Springer. - 2193-567X .- 2191-4281. ; 44:7, s. 6547-6556
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cemented paste backfill (CPB) has been widely incorporated into mining practice as an ideal way to protect the environment and eliminate hidden dangers in mines. In this study, the feasibility of CPB was validated using full tailings from the Xianglushan Tungsten Mine. Through a microexperiment of CPB with different C/Ts, digital images of pores were obtained, and the hydration products were identified for processing with the particle and pore identification and analysis system. The evolution of hydrated products under different cement–tailing ratios (C/Ts) was analyzed. Then, microquantitative indices, such as the porosity and fractal dimensions, were used to analyze the evolution of the pore structures under different C/Ts. The results showed that CPB slump of different proportions ranged between 196 and 232 mm, and its flowability met the basic principle of pumping. When the C/T of the CPB mixture was increased from 1:12 to 1:4, the backfill changed from a nonuniform structure with sparse pores to a dense network structure with a few holes and pores. The C/T had a significant effect on the quantitative characteristics. With an increased C/T, the porosity and average pore area generally decreased, resulting in a decrease in the porosity and enhanced mechanical characteristics. The C/T of the CPB also influenced the fractal dimension and roundness. When the C/T increased from 1:12 to 1:4, there was a decreasing trend in the fractal dimension and roundness. Additionally, the size difference between the pores decreased, and the pores were round, resulting in increased uniaxial compressive strength of the CPB. The probability entropy values of the backfill with different C/Ts were all greater than 0.93, and the pore distribution had no obvious orientation.
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| 45. |
- Lu, Donghao, et al.
(författare)
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A shared genetic contribution to breast cancer and schizophrenia.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An association between schizophrenia and subsequent breast cancer has been suggested; however the risk of schizophrenia following a breast cancer is unknown. Moreover, the driving forces of the link are largely unclear. Here, we report the phenotypic and genetic positive associations of schizophrenia with breast cancer and vice versa, based on a Swedish population-based cohort and GWAS data from international consortia. We observe a genetic correlation of 0.14 (95% CI 0.09-0.19) and identify a shared locus at 19p13 (GATAD2A) associated with risks of breast cancer and schizophrenia. The epidemiological bidirectional association between breast cancer and schizophrenia may partly be explained by the genetic overlap between the two phenotypes and, hence, shared biological mechanisms.
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| 46. |
- Malhotra, Rajeev, et al.
(författare)
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HDAC9 is implicated in atherosclerotic aortic calcification and affects vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 51:11, s. 1580-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aortic calcification is an important independent predictor of future cardiovascular events. We performed a genome-wide association meta-analysis to determine SNPs associated with the extent of abdominal aortic calcification (n = 9,417) or descending thoracic aortic calcification (n = 8,422). Two genetic loci, HDAC9 and RAP1GAP, were associated with abdominal aortic calcification at a genome-wide level (P < 5.0 × 10−8). No SNPs were associated with thoracic aortic calcification at the genome-wide threshold. Increased expression of HDAC9 in human aortic smooth muscle cells promoted calcification and reduced contractility, while inhibition of HDAC9 in human aortic smooth muscle cells inhibited calcification and enhanced cell contractility. In matrix Gla protein–deficient mice, a model of human vascular calcification, mice lacking HDAC9 had a 40% reduction in aortic calcification and improved survival. This translational genomic study identifies the first genetic risk locus associated with calcification of the abdominal aorta and describes a previously unknown role for HDAC9 in the development of vascular calcification.
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| 47. |
- Miao, Fengjuan, et al.
(författare)
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Inkjet printing of electrochemically-exfoliated graphene nano-platelets
- 2016
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Ingår i: Synthetic metals. - : Elsevier. - 0379-6779 .- 1879-3290. ; 220, s. 318-322
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we report on a facile method of inkjet printing of graphene nano-platelets (GNPs). The GNPs are exfoliated from graphite by means of an electrochemical process in an inorganic salt based electrolyte. The electrochemically exfoliated GNPs with oxygen-bearing functional groups exhibit spectroscopic features similar to those of reduced graphene oxides. As a result, ink formulation with such GNPs for inkjet printing readily accomplishes without using stabilizer and various conductive objects are easily fabricated on different substrates by inkjet printing. The as-printed films of the electrochemically exfoliated GNPs deliver an electrical conductivity of 44 S/m, a typical value for as-printed pristine GNP films in the literature. A simple thermal treatment results in an improved DC conductivity by two orders of magnitude to ~2.5 × 103 S/m.
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| 48. |
- Mu, Yabing, et al.
(författare)
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TGFβ-induced activation of PKCζ confers invasive prostate cancer growth
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- One of the hallmarks for aggressivecancer is the capability oftumor cells to become invasive and metastatic. Cancer cells and tumor stromal cells oftenproduce high levels of transforming growth factor b(TGFb) which initiates intracellular signaling pathways in cancer cells in a contextualdependentmanner. Atypical protein kinase C z(PKCz) is a multifunctional protein which maintains cell polarity of normal epithelial cells, while itsaberrantexpression and activation is linked to tumor progression. Tumor necrosisfactor receptor-associated factor6 (TRAF6) is amplified in lung cancer and caninitiate intracellular oncogenic signals. In prostate cancer cellsTRAF6 promotesligand-induced proteolytic cleavage of TGFbtype I receptor(TbRI), and nuclear translocation of its intracellular domain (ICD) to confer invasion of cancer cells. Here we report our novel findingsthat PKCzharboursa TRAF6 consensus binding site and that TRAF6 causes Lys63-linked polyubiquitination of PKCz. TGFb-induced phosphorylationof PKCzis dependent on TRAF6in prostate cancer cells and we have investigated the potential usefulness of twodifferent inhibitors of PKCzas potential novel anti-cancer drugs.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Ren, Jie, et al.
(författare)
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Stabilization of the hypersonic boundary layer by finite-amplitude streaks
- 2016
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Ingår i: Physics of fluids. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 1070-6631 .- 1089-7666. ; 28:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stabilization of two-dimensional disturbances in hypersonic boundary layer flows by finite-amplitude streaks is investigated using nonlinear parabolized stability equations. The boundary-layer flows at Mach numbers 4.5 and 6.0 are studied in which both first and second modes are supported. The streaks considered here are driven either by the so-called optimal perturbations (Klebanoff-type) or the centrifugal instability (Gortler-type). When the streak amplitude is in an appropriate range, i.e., large enough to modulate the laminar boundary layer but low enough to not trigger secondary instability, both first and second modes can effectively be suppressed. (C) 2016 AIP Publishing LLC.
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