| 1. |
- Brattström, L, et al.
(författare)
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Pyridoxine reduces cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein and increases antithrombin III activity in 80-year-old men with low plasma pyridoxal 5-phosphate
- 1990
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7686 .- 0036-5513. ; 50:8, s. 873-877
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have previously observed that pyridoxine treatment reduced plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentrations and increased antithrombin III (AT III) activity in atherosclerotic patients with subnormal plasma pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP) levels. In order to confirm these results, we selected 17 males with low plasma PLP levels from a group of 122 80-year-old males in whom PLP has been determined. After supplementation with 120 mg of pyridoxine per day for 8 weeks their mean plasma TC and LDL cholesterol concentrations were decreased by 10% (p less than 0.01) and 17% (p less than 0.001), respectively. There was no effect on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides but plasma AT III activity was increased by 6% (p less than 0.05). The mechanism by which pyridoxine acts is unclear but it is hypothesized that pyridoxine-derived PLP may enhance the catabolism of LDL and the activity of AT III by inhibiting their glycosylation.
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| 2. |
- Pessah-Rasmussen, H, et al.
(författare)
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Eighty-year-old men without cardiovascular disease in the community of Malmö. Part II. Smoking characteristics and ultrasound findings, with special reference to glutathione transferase and pyridoxal-5-phosphate
- 1990
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - 0954-6820. ; 228:1, s. 17-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A total of 1280 80-year-old men in the community of Malmö were questioned about smoking habits and the occurrence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). After a careful medical and duplex ultrasound examination, four groups were selected for further studies: (1) no CVD, non-smokers: (2) no CVD, smokers: (3) CVD, smokers: (4) CVD, non-smokers. In total 122 individuals participated. The average tobacco consumption by smokers was 13 g d-1 for 59 years. In the CVD group 45% of subjects had atherosclerotic symptoms at more than one site. Smoking was found to be correlated with lower extremity atherosclerosis, cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were correlated with carotid artery lesions and pathological ankle/arm index, and blood pressure was correlated with lower extremity lesions. In contrast with middle-aged populations, individuals with an increasing degree of lesions in the lower extremities had a larger percentage of high glutathione transferase activity than subjects without CVD. Smokers had significantly lower pyridoxal-5-phosphate levels than non-smokers. It is concluded that some heavy smokers might reach an advanced age in good health. Smoking was also operative as a risk indicator for lower extremity atherosclerosis in 80-year-old individuals.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Ekdahl, A. W., et al.
(författare)
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Frailty and comprehensive geriatric assessment organized as CGA-ward or CGA-consult for older adult patients in the acute care setting : a systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Geriatric Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 1878-7649 .- 1878-7657. ; 6:6, s. 523-540
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: With worldwide population aging, increasing numbers of people need hospital care. Evidence suggests comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is superior to usual care.Objective: To summarize the evidence for the effects of CGA in frail and moderately frail patients compared with usual care in acute care settings.Data sources: CINAHL, PsycInfo, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed were searched in October 2011, January 2013, and February 2015.Study eligibility: Randomized controlled trials.Participants: Older adults aged ≥ 65 years who were admitted to hospital with a complex condition, divided into frail and moderately frail groups.Intervention: CGA.Control: Usual care.Outcomes: Change in housing, personal activities of daily living (PADL), instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), readmission, cognitive function, depression, quality-of-life care-giver burden, and mortality.Study appraisal and synthesis: The grading of recommendations assessment development and evaluation (GRADE) system to assess the quality of evidence and PRISMA-guidelines for meta-analyses and reviews. Continuous data were presented as standardized mean differences and dichotomous data were presented as risk differences.Results: Twenty-nine articles based on 17 unique studies (6005 patients in total). CGA was categorized as CGA-ward or CGA-consult. In the frail group, CGA-ward was superior to usual care for change in housing, PADL, and depression. CGA-consult was superior to usual care for PADL and IADL in the moderately frail group.Conclusion: There was a stronger effect for frail older adults and CGA-ward compared with usual care. This highlights the importance of detecting frailty. However, the degree of evidence was limited.
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| 5. |
- Elmståhl, Sölve, et al.
(författare)
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Body composition and dietary habits in 80-year-old smoking men without cardiovascular disease
- 1991
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Ingår i: Aging (Milan, Italy). - 0394-9532. ; 3:3, s. 77-269
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Eighty-year-old male residents in the community of Malmö were questioned about smoking habits and the occurrence of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Of 1,280 subjects, 122 were selected for further studies and allocated into 4 groups: 1) no CVD, non-smokers; 2) no CVD, smokers; 3) CVD, smokers; and 4) CVD, non-smokers. The smokers had consumed on the average 13 g of tobacco daily for 59 years. Lean body mass (LBM), body fat (BF), % body fat (%BF), and total body water (TBW) were estimated by means of bioelectrical impedance analysis. The mean body weight (BW), LBM, and %BF for all subjects were 74.1 +/- 10.2 kg, 58.0 +/- 6.8 kg, and 21.3 +/- 5.9 kg, respectively. There were no significant differences between all subjects with and without CVD. A lower BW among smokers than in non-smokers was explained by lower BF and %BF in the former. Smokers who had lived predominantly in rural areas had lower BW (6.9 kg) and LBM (5.2 kg) than those from an urban area. A positive correlation was noted between the degree of physical activity and LBM and TBW. Seventeen percent of the smokers exercised regularly. The CVD group had higher plasma cholesterol concentrations than the non-CVD group. Plasma triglycerides showed a positive correlation with BF, %BF and BW, whereas HDL cholesterol was negatively correlated with BF, %BF and BW. It is concluded that smoking is one of several important factors related to body composition, and the penetrance of this factor is still apparent in elderly men.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Engström, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term effects of inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins and systolic blood pressure on incidence of stroke.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Stroke: a journal of cerebral circulation. - 1524-4628. ; 33:12, s. 2744-2749
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Purpose— The present study investigated the relationships between inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins (ISPs) and systolic blood pressure (SBP), as well as the joint long-term effects of ISP and SBP on incidence of stroke. Methods— BP and 5 ISPs (fibrinogen, {alpha}1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, orosomucoid) were assessed in 6071 healthy men 28 to 61 years of age. All-cause mortality and incidence of stroke were monitored over a mean follow-up of 18.7 years in men defined by SBP (<120, 120 to 139, >=140 mm Hg) and ISP (0 to 1 or 2 to 5 ISPs in the top quartile). Results— SBP and diastolic BP were significantly and positively associated with the number of ISPs in the top quartile. As expected, elevated SBP was associated with an increased incidence of stroke. Among men with SBP >=140 mm Hg, there were, however, significant differences between those with high and low ISP levels. After risk factor adjustment, men with SBP >=140 mm Hg and high ISP levels had a relative risk of stroke of 4.3 (95% CI, 2.3 to 7.8) compared with men with SBP <120 mm Hg and low ISP levels. In the absence of high ISP levels, the risk associated with SBP >=140 was 2.5 (95% CI,1.4 to 4.6). Men with high ISP levels had a significantly increased risk of stroke also after exclusion of the events from the first 10 years of follow-up. Conclusions— High ISP levels are associated with elevated BP. These proteins are associated with an increased risk of stroke among men with high BP and provide information on stroke risk even after many years of follow-up.
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| 8. |
- Engström, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Lung function and cardiovascular risk: relationship with inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins.
- 2002
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Ingår i: Circulation. - 1524-4539. ; 106:20, s. 2555-2560
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background— The inverse relationship between pulmonary function and incidence of cardiovascular disease remains largely unexplained. This prospective study explored the hypothesis of a relationship with inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins. Methods and Results— Forced vital capacity (FVC) and plasma levels of fibrinogen, {alpha} 1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, ceruloplasmin, and orosomucoid were determined in 5064 healthy men aged 28 to 61 years. All-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and incidence of myocardial infarction were monitored over a mean follow-up period of 18.4 years. Low FVC (fourth quartile) was associated with higher protein levels and with increased incidences of myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death. Adjustments for protein levels reduced the age-adjusted relative risks (RRs) for myocardial infarction (from 1.99, 95% CI 1.5 to 2.6, to 1.70, 95% CI 1.3 to 2.2) and cardiovascular death (from 2.71, 95% CI 1.9 to 3.9, to 2.28, 95% CI 1.6 to 3.3) among men with low FVC, corresponding to {approx}25% of the excess risk. The risk factor–adjusted RRs were reduced from 1.45 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.9) to 1.38 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.8) and from 1.96 (95% CI 1.4 to 2.8) to 1.85 (95% CI 1.3 to 2.7) for myocardial infarction and cardiovascular death, respectively, corresponding to {approx}10% to 15% of the excess risk. Among men with low FVC, the risk factor–adjusted RR for myocardial infarction was 2.5 (95% CI 1.7 to 3.6) for those with high protein levels (>=2 proteins in top quartile) and 1.7 (95% CI 1.1 to 2.4) for those with low protein levels (<=1 protein in top quartile; reference, top quartile of FVC and low protein levels). Conclusions— FVC is significantly and inversely associated with plasma levels of inflammation-sensitive plasma proteins. This relationship contributes to but cannot fully explain the increased cardiovascular risk among men with low FVC.
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| 9. |
- Falke, P, et al.
(författare)
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Intraplaque haemorrhage at carotid artery surgery--a predictor of cardiovascular mortality
- 1995
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Ingår i: Journal of Internal Medicine. - 1365-2796. ; 238:2, s. 131-135
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE. To ascertain whether carotid intraplaque haemorrhage (IH) in patients undergoing carotid artery surgery is a predictor of increased cardiac mortality over a 5.5 year follow-up. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS. Carotid artery plaques were obtained at surgery from 47 consecutive patients (41 men, six women), median age 67 (range 48-81) years, with symptoms of carotid transient ischaemic attacks (TIAs) or carotid territory minor stroke. As determined at preoperative angiography, the degree of stenosis was 50-99%. Specimens were classified histologically as manifesting severe atherosclerosis, fibrous plaque, IH, or residual IH debris. SETTING. Medical Angiology and Vascular Surgery Units, Malmo General Hospital. INTERVENTION. Carotid endarterectomy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE. Correlation between mortality and IH. RESULTS. At follow-up after 5.5 years, mortality was 28% (13/47) overall, 92% (12/13) in the IH subgroup [of stroke (n = 1) or myocardial infarction (n = 11)], but only 3% (1/34), of pancreatic cancer, in the non-IH subgroup (P = 0.0001). Mortality was also significantly higher in the severe atherosclerosis than in the fibrous plaque subgroup, 39% (12/31) vs. 6% (1/16) (P = 0.044), but not significantly increased in any other subgroup (fibrous plaque, residual IH, TIA, minor stroke, or acetylsalicylic acid or anticoagulant treatment). No correlation existed between IH or death and haemoglobin value or platelet count. CONCLUSIONS. Evidence of recent IH seen at carotid artery surgery may be a marker of cardiovascular mortality. As IH was also found in a post-mortem control subgroup, the difference may be due to abnormality in blood components (e.g., coagulation factors) or impaired vessel-wall healing capacity (e.g. endothelial dysfunction).
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| 10. |
- Hallengren, B, et al.
(författare)
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80-year-old men have elevated plasma concentrations of catecholamines but decreased plasma renin activity and aldosterone as compared to young men
- 1992
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Ingår i: Aging (Milan, Italy). - 0394-9532. ; 4:4, s. 5-341
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plasma concentrations of adrenaline, noradrenaline, aldosterone and plasma renin activity were determined in a selected group of 80-year-old men (N = 41) in good health without clinical signs of cardiovascular disease, and were compared to levels in young healthy males (N = 20, 24-28 years). Plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline concentrations were higher (0.24 median; 25th-75th percentiles 0.16-0.34 nmol/L vs 0.15; 0.11-0.18 nmol/L, p < 0.01 and 2.22; 1.58-3.27 nmol/L vs 1.15; 1.00-1.74 nmol/L, p < 0.001), and plasma renin activity and plasma aldosterone concentration were lower in the old than in the young men (0.65; 0.35-1.04 micrograms/L/1h vs 2.09; 1.23-2.41 micrograms/L/1h, p < 0.001 and 0.12; 0.09-0.19 nmol/L vs 0.38; 0.28-0.54 nmol/L, p < 0.001). In conclusion, increased plasma concentrations of catecholamines and decreased plasma concentration of aldosterone and plasma renin activity in old men, as compared to young men, must be considered when interpreting data of these hormones in elderly men.
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| 11. |
- Lind, P., et al.
(författare)
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Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Stroke in Smokers Is Related to Plasma Levels of Inflammation-Sensitive Proteins.
- 2004
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Ingår i: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology. - 1524-4636. ; 24:3, s. 577-582
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background— The extent to which differences in cardiovascular risk between smokers with similar daily tobacco consumption may be related to plasma levels of inflammation-sensitive proteins (ISP) and whether these proteins are associated with levels of carboxyhemoglobin (COHb%) have not been clarified. Methods and Results— In a population-based cohort of 1489 never smokers, 1685 former smokers, and 2901 current smokers, aged 28 to 61 years, plasma levels of orosomucoid ({alpha}1-acid glycoprotein), {alpha}1-antitrypsin, haptoglobin, fibrinogen, and ceruloplasmin were measured. COHb% levels were available for 2098 of them. Incidence of myocardial infarction, stroke, and death were monitored over 18.7±4.7 years. The proportion with high ISP levels (ie, >=2 ISP in the top quartile) increased progressively with daily tobacco consumption (P<0.01) and COHb% (P<0.01). In all smoking categories, the incidence of stroke, cardiac events, and death was related to ISP. In heavy smokers, high ISP levels were associated with adjusted relative risks of 1.57 (1.05 to 2.35) and 1.50 (1.11 to 2.03) for cardiac events and death, respectively. Corresponding figures for moderate and light smokers were 1.59 (1.13 to 2.24) and 1.14 (0.87 to 1.49), respectively, and 1.32 (0.95 to 1.85) and 1.48 (1.10 to 1.98), respectively. Conclusion— ISP levels are related to COHb% in smokers. High levels are associated with an increased cardiovascular risk.
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| 12. |
- Pessah-Rasmussen, H, et al.
(författare)
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Glutathione transferase activity in human vessels and in cultured arterial smooth muscle cells
- 1993
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Ingår i: International Angiology. - 0392-9590. ; 12:4, s. 54-348
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glutathione transferases play an important role in the detoxification of many different endogeneous and exogenous compounds such as metabolites of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) of cigarette tar. There is evidence that PAH may be atherogenic. The glutathione transferase activity towards trans-stilbene oxide (GST-tSBO) can be separated in blood in GST-positive and GST-negative phenotypes. We have previously suggested that the GST-negative phenotype may be associated with a higher morbidity in intermittent claudication among middle aged smokers. In the present study, GST-tSBO could easily be measured in human, rabbit and bovine arterial smooth muscle cells (SMC) in culture. The level of GST-tSBO was higher in rabbit than in bovine SMC. It was stable in bovine SMC during 5 cell passages and it could be induced twofold by long-time incubation with dimethylsulfoxide-soluble particulate matter from cigarette smoke or 3,4-benzo(a)pyrene. There was a positive correlation between the level of GST-tSBO in blood and in "healthy" arterial and venous tissue from individuals operated with coronary bypass. The enzyme levels in arterial tissue were lower than in venous tissue. GST-tSBO in atherosclerotic segments of human arteries was lower than in "healthy" segments from the same artery. These findings suggest that the arterial wall may have a low defense against toxic compounds that may decrease further as atherosclerosis proceeds. It is concluded that SMC are suitable for the study of the effects of PAH in relation to GST-tSBO and that the enzyme activity in blood will reflect the individual GST-tSBO phenotype also in vascular tissues.
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| 13. |
- Pessah-Rasmussen, H, et al.
(författare)
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Human fibroblasts lacking trans-stilbene oxide active glutathione transferase exhibit increased cell death when exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
- 1992
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Ingår i: Pharmacology and Toxicology. - : Wiley. - 0901-9928 .- 1600-0773. ; 70:5 Pt 1, s. 5-361
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glutathione transferases (GST) are detoxifying enzymes who act with many endogenous and exogenous substances such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). The GST activity towards trans-stilbene oxide (GST-tSBO) is inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion and can be separated in high (GST-positive) and low (GST-negative) phenotypes when measured in blood. Human fibroblast cultures were established from males matched for age, smoking habits and clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis. Matched pairs of GST-negative and GST-positive fibroblasts were studied. There was a very strong correlation between the levels of GST-tSBO in peripheral blood and in cultured fibroblasts within the same individual. When fibroblasts were exposed to benzo(a)pyrene (BP) or dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) GST-negative cells produced relatively more collagen than GST-positive cells. GST-negative fibroblasts showed a greater cell death than GST-positive fibroblasts as well among controls as after exposure to PAH. It is concluded that lack of GST-tSBO is easily discriminated in cultured skin fibroblasts. GST-negative and GST-positive fibroblasts showed different susceptibility towards some toxic stimuli that might be of importance in atherogenesis.
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| 14. |
- Pessah-Rasmussen, H, et al.
(författare)
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Increased smooth muscle cell proliferation by dimethylbenzanthracene is correlated to variations in activity of ornithine decarboxylase but not arylhydrocarbonhydroxylase
- 1991
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Ingår i: Artery. - 0098-6127. ; 18:5, s. 55-240
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons of cigarette smoke have been suggested to be involved in atherogenesis. After being converted to epoxides by monooxidases in the arterial wall the hydrocarbons may exert toxic or mutagenic effects on the smooth muscle cells (SMC). In a previous study we found that dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA), an inducer of arylhydrocarbonhydroxylase (AHH), increased SMC proliferation and viability. In the present work we intended to study whether these effects were mediated by AHH. Alpha-naphtoflavone (ANF), a non specific AHH inhibitor, decreased SMC proliferation. The effects of ANF were totally counteracted by serum, partially by albumin and not at all by platelet derived growth factor. AHH activity was not detectable nor basally nor after induction in SMC, and this made us conclude that the effects of DMBA and ANF on SMC proliferation were not mediated by AHH. On the other hand the activity of ornithine decarboxylase was influenced by DMBA and ANF in parallel to proliferation, suggesting the involvement of this enzyme in the described DMBA effects on SMC proliferation. This mechanism might be of relevance for the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis especially in relation to cigarette smoking.
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| 15. |
- Pessah-Rasmussen, H, et al.
(författare)
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Lack of glutathione transferase activity in intermittent claudication
- 1990
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Ingår i: International Angiology. - 0392-9590. ; 9:2, s. 4-70
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glutathione transferase activity towards trans-stilbene oxide (GT-tSBO), an enzyme involved in the detoxification of many substances such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, was studied in 77 consecutive patients operated with coronary bypass, 73 patients with intermittent claudication, 78 healthy smokers and in 38 healthy non-smokers. The mean ages of these groups were similar. Lack of GT-tSBO was recorded in 45% of coronary bypass patients, in 39% of smoking coronary bypass patients, in 61% of patients with intermittent claudication, in 41% of healthy smokers and in 31% of healthy non-smokers. The lack of GT-tSBO was significantly more frequent among patients with intermittent claudication compared to healthy non-smokers (p less than 0.01) and healthy smokers (p less than 0.025) and to smoking coronary bypass. It is concluded that the lack of GT-tSBO is found more frequently among patients with intermittent claudication and this might contribute to explain the sensitivity to smoking among these subjects.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Xu, C B, et al.
(författare)
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Interactions between cultured bovine arterial endothelial and smooth muscle cells : effects of injury on the release of growth stimulating and growth inhibiting substances
- 1991
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Ingår i: Pharmacology and Toxicology. - : Wiley. - 0901-9928 .- 1600-0773. ; 69:3, s. 195-200
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dimethylsulfoxide-soluble particles (DSP) from cigarette smoke and ultraviolet light caused a low degree (cell death less than 30%) and high degree (cell death 60-90%) injury to bovine arterial endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells in culture. Conditioned medium from low degree injured endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells generally inhibited DNA synthesis in new smooth muscle cells or endothelial cells while high degree injury increased DNA synthesis in new cells. Specifically, the growth stimulating activity from endothelial cells was decreased after low degree injury but increased after high degree. UV light released more growth stimulating substances from smooth muscle cells after both low and high degree injury. The release of growth inhibiting substances was dependent on both cell kind and degree of injury. In co-culture low and high degree DSP injury to endothelial cells inhibited smooth muscle cell proliferation, which was in contrast to the effect of conditioned medium from high degree injured endothelial cells. Conditioned medium from endothelial cells treated with LDL and glucose inhibited DNA synthesis in smooth muscle cells. It is concluded that injury to endothelial cells or smooth muscle cells will modify the release of growth inhibiting and growth stimulating activity and that this release will depend on cell kind as well as degree and kind of the injurious stimulus.
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| 18. |
- Xu, Cang-Bao, et al.
(författare)
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Interactions between cultured bovine arterial endothelial and smooth muscle cells; effects of modulated low density lipoproteins on cell proliferation and prostacyclin release
- 1994
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation. - 0036-5513. ; 54:3, s. 8-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We exposed bovine aortic endothelial cells in culture to native LDL (n-LDL) and LDL modulated by dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO-LDL), dimethylsulfoxide-soluble particles from cigarette smoke (DSP-LDL) or Cu2+ (Cu(2+)-LDL) to explore the hypothesis that these LDL-forms might influence interactions between endothelial and smooth muscle cells. It was shown that 3H-thymidine incorporation into endothelial cells was decreased by DMSO-LDL, DSP-LDL and Cu(2+)-LDL compared to n-LDL, while it was higher by DSP-LDL compared to its control i.e. DMSO-LDL. These effects could be transferred by conditioned medium to smooth muscle cell cultures. DSP-LDL or Cu(2+)-LDL decreased total cellular protein of endothelial cells. Initial (15 min) prostacyclin release from endothelial cells was increased by all LDL preparations compared to medium without LDL, most pronounced for Cu(2+)-LDL. If n-LDL was control, only Cu(2+)-LDL significantly increased the release of prostacyclin during 15 min and during 24 h. The release of prostacyclin assayed after 24 h was depressed by DSP-LDL compared to DMSO-LDL. This study demonstrated that interactions between endothelial and smooth muscle cells could be influenced by LDL treated by dimethylsulfoxide-soluble particles from cigarette smoke or by Cu2+, and their effects were not similar. DSP-LDL, in contrast to Cu(2+)-LDL, significantly decreased the release of prostacyclin by endothelial cells after 24 h incubations and via endothelial cell conditioned medium stimulated smooth muscle cell proliferation judged by increased 3H-thymidine incorporation. The results might be of relevance for atherogenesis.
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| 19. |
- Xu, C B, et al.
(författare)
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Interactions between cultured bovine arterial endothelial and smooth muscle cells; further studies on the effects of injury and modification of the consequences of injury
- 1993
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Ingår i: Artery. - 0098-6127. ; 20:3, s. 79-163
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hypothesis that cells of the arterial wall might modify the consequences of arterial injury was tested. Bovine aortic endothelial cells (EC) or smooth muscle cells (SMC) were exposed to the two toxic stimuli 3,4-benzo(a)pyrene (BP) and dimethylsulfoxide-soluble particulate matter from cigarette smoke (DSP) or factors released from platelets. The modification of the injury caused by these substances on arterial cells was studied by using a conditioned medium from arterial cells or an EC-SMC co-culture model. Direct addition of BP or DSP to the EC or SMC cultures induced toxic effects on the cells. DSP caused a decreased release of prostacyclin by EC. Conditioned medium from EC and SMC modified these toxic effects, which resulted in a reduced cell death and a further decreased cell proliferation, while conditioned medium from SMC increased the release of prostacyclin by EC injured by DSP. In EC-SMC co-culture the same modifications were obtained. The modification of cell injury was not linked to cell proliferation but instead the results suggested that the effects were mediated by multiple substances released from arterial cells. It is concluded that interactions between different cells in the arterial wall, in the non-injured as well as in the injured state, could be modified by endogeneous substances. This might be of relevance for atherogenesis.
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| 20. |
- Xu, C B, et al.
(författare)
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Interactions between cultured bovine arterial endothelial and smooth muscle cells; studies on the release of prostacyclin by endothelial cells
- 1992
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Ingår i: Artery. - 0098-6127. ; 19:2, s. 94-111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The release of prostacyclin by endothelial cells (EC) in culture was studied after exposure to two toxic stimuli (UV light or dimethylsulfoxide-soluble smoke particles (DSP)) or to medium conditioned by smooth muscle cells (SMC), basically or after injury to the SMC. An activity stimulating the release of prostacyclin was found together with growth inhibiting activity from arterial SMC, but dissociated from growth stimulating activity. The prostacyclin stimulating activity was increased when SMC were exposed to UV light, while DSP caused a decrease. EC directly exposed to UV light or DSP generally released more prostacyclin than controls. One exception was very low concentrations of DSP. UV light induced a burst of release in contrast to DSP where a continuous release after a two hours lag period was seen. It is concluded that EC will increase the release of prostacyclin in response to injury but the release pattern will depend on the kind and doses of the stimulus. SMC release prostacyclin stimulating activity for EC, which can be modified by exposure to toxic stimuli. The results might have applications for atherogenesis.
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| 21. |
- Xu, Cang-Bao, et al.
(författare)
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Interactions between cultured bovine arterial endothelial and smooth muscle cells: studies on uptake and degradation of low density lipoproteins by smooth muscle cells
- 1993
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Ingår i: Pharmacology and Toxicology. - 1600-0773. ; 73:5, s. 269-273
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study was designed to investigate the effects of substances released from non-injured and injured bovine arterial endothelial cells on 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells in culture. It was demonstrated that endothelial cell-released non-dialysable (molecular weight cut off 12-14000) substances significantly stimulated 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells. Endothelial cell-released dialysable substances and endothelin-1 did not cause this stimulation. The increase in 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells could be dissociated from cell proliferation. However, in endothelial cell-smooth muscle cell co-culture 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake and degradation by smooth muscle cells were not stimulated. Injury to endothelial cells by lipid-soluble smoke particles or ultraviolet light, which reduced total cellular protein by 15-25%, enhanced the endothelial cell release of the substances stimulating 125I-low density lipoprotein uptake. The results are discussed in relation to atherogenesis.
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