| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Isenberg, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Att tillämpa socialpsykologisk teori
- 2013
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Ingår i: Relationell socialpsykologi. Klassiska och samtida teorier. - 9789147098316 ; , s. 280-286
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 3. |
- Isenberg, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Inledning
- 2013
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Ingår i: Relationell socialpsykologi. Klassiska och samtida teorier. - 9789147098316 ; , s. 8-15
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 4. |
- Stenberg, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Guest Editorial: Near infrared spectroscopy for a better understanding of soil
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy. - : SAGE Publications. - 0967-0335 .- 1751-6552. ; 24, s. V-VI
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The 68th United Nations General Assembly declared 2015 as the International Year of the Soil (IYS 2015) because soil is profoundly important for life. The Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) was nominated to implement the IYS 2015 to increase awareness and understanding of the importance of soil for food security, climate mitigation and essential ecosystem functions. Other specific objectives of the IYS 2015 were to educate the public about the importance of soil, support policies for the protection of the soil resource, promote investment to maintain healthy soil, strengthen sustainable soil management initiatives and advocate for a rapid enhancement of capacity to collect soil information for monitoring at all scales from the regional to national and global. Thus we thought it fitting to support the IYS 2015 activities and develop a special issue in JNIRS—Journal of Near Infrared Spectroscopy dedicated to the application of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in soil science. NIR spectroscopy has a clear role to play in the provision of good quality soil information at different scales, as it can be used to rapidly and precisely characterise the chemical, physical and mineralogical composition of the soil at a small cost. This volume contains ten original contributions from around the world. It is evident in most of these papers that the mentioned advantages of NIR spectroscopy, as well as the little sample preparation needed and the simultaneous determination of many soil attributes, are the reasons for using NIR spectroscopy when seeking quantitative data on soil. NIR is particularly attractive for soil analyses because many measurements are needed to characterise the diverse composition and functions of soil, which can vary greatly over different scales.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, Annica, et al.
(författare)
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Paths to a sustainable food sector guided by LCA – exemplified by pork production
- 2014
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- To describe a more sustainable food sector, a supply chain approach is needed. Changing supply chains inevitably means that a range of attributes of the product and its system will change. This project will take on this challenge and deliver detailed descriptions of supply chains of six commodities from a Swedish region in 2012; Milk, cheese, beef, pork, chicken and bread. The set-up of the project was that experts on production along the supply chain design environmentally improved systems. The next step was to challenge the improvements considering their possible consequences on products and systems from different perspectives: food safety, sensory qualities, animal welfare, and consumer appreciation and (only for primary production) costs. The final supply chains were quantified by life cycle assessment (LCA), and they were again assessed from the perspectives mentioned above. Results will be generated during August 2014 and comprise both single-product LCA and region-wide impacts of the future scenarios.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Isenberg, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Georg Simmel
- 2013
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Ingår i: Relationell socialpsykologi. Klassiska och samtida teorier. - 9789147098316 ; , s. 245-279
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Kapitlet behandlar Georg Simmels socialpsykologi och sociologi, dels generellt genom att utgöra en översikt, dels specifikt genom att anlägga ett relationellt perspektiv. Texten baseras i en omfattande läsning av ett stort antal av Simmels texter. Texten fungerar som både introduktion och översikt samt som fördjupning.
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| 8. |
- Magnusson, Bo, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Information Fusion in Precision Agriculture
- 2006
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Ingår i: Precision Tecnology in Crop Production Implementation and benefits. - 1653-2015. ; NJF Seminar:390
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
- Sonesson, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Paths to a sustainable food sector: integrated design and LCA of future food supply chains : the case of pork production in Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. - : Springer Ferlag. - 0948-3349 .- 1614-7502. ; 21:5, s. 664-676
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To describe a more sustainable food sector, a supply chain approach is needed. Changing a supply chain inevitably means that various attributes of the product and its system will change. This project assumed this challenge and delivered detailed descriptions, life cycle assessment (LCA) evaluations, and consequence assessments of the supply chains of six commodities, i.e., milk, cheese, beef, pork, chicken, and bread, from a Swedish region. This paper presents results for the pork supply chain. Methods: In the project setup, experts on production along supply chains designed three scenarios for environmentally improved systems. These scenarios, i.e., the ecosystem, plant nutrients, and climate scenarios, were intended to address different clusters of environmental goals. The next step was to challenge these scenarios by considering their possible consequences for products and systems from the food safety, sensory quality, animal welfare, consumer appreciation, and (for primary production only) cost perspectives. This led to changes in production system design to prevent negative consequences. The final supply chains were quantified using LCA and were again assessed from the three perspectives. Results and discussion: The scenario design approach worked well, thoroughly and credibly describing the production systems. Assessment of consequences bolstered the credibility and quality of the systems and results. The LCA of pig production and smoked ham identified large potentials for improvement by implementing available knowledge: global warming potential (GWP) could be reduced 21–54 % and marine eutrophication by 14–45 %. The main reason for these improvements was improved productivity (approaching the best producers’ current performance), though dedicated measures were also important, resulting in increased nitrogen efficiency, more varied crop rotations for crop production and better production management, and improved animal health and manure management for animal production. Reduced post-farm wastage contributed as did reduced emissions from fertilizer production. Conclusions: The working approach applied was successful in integrating LCA research with food system production expertise to deliver results relevant to supply chain decision-makers. The consequence assessments brought considerable value to the project, giving its results greater credibility. By introducing constraints in the form of “no negative consequences and no increased costs,” the work was “guided” so that the scenario design avoided being hampered by too many opportunities.
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| 10. |
- Stenberg, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Risk for N losses after harvest in tilled and untilled clays
- 2010
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- There have been indications that the increase of mineral N and increased risk of leaching that has been observed in light textured soils after early tillage in autumn should be as pronounced in heavier textured soils. The results of this study in 24 soils ranging from loam to clay indicate that mineralisation is similar independent of texture and that the risk for losses is similar. However, leaching could be a smaller problem in clays and the main mechanism for losses would instead be denitrification.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Albinsson, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Seroprevalence of tick-borne encephalitis virus and vaccination coverage of tick-borne encephalitis, Sweden, 2018 to 2019
- 2024
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Ingår i: Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin. - : European Centre for Disease Control and Prevention (ECDC). - 1560-7917 .- 1025-496X. ; 29:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundIn Sweden, information on seroprevalence of tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) in the population, including vaccination coverage and infection, is scattered. This is largely due to the absence of a national tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) vaccination registry, scarcity of previous serological studies and use of serological methods not distinguishing between antibodies induced by vaccination and infection. Furthermore, the number of notified TBE cases in Sweden has continued to increase in recent years despite increased vaccination.AimThe aim was to estimate the TBEV seroprevalence in Sweden.MethodsIn 2018 and 2019, 2,700 serum samples from blood donors in nine Swedish regions were analysed using a serological method that can distinguish antibodies induced by vaccination from antibodies elicited by infection. The regions were chosen to reflect differences in notified TBE incidence.ResultsThe overall seroprevalence varied from 9.7% (95% confidence interval (CI): 6.6-13.6%) to 64.0% (95% CI: 58.3-69.4%) between regions. The proportion of vaccinated individuals ranged from 8.7% (95% CI: 5.8-12.6) to 57.0% (95% CI: 51.2-62.6) and of infected from 1.0% (95% CI: 0.2-3.0) to 7.0% (95% CI: 4.5-10.7). Thus, more than 160,000 and 1,600,000 individuals could have been infected by TBEV and vaccinated against TBE, respectively. The mean manifestation index was 3.1%.ConclusionA difference was observed between low- and high-incidence TBE regions, on the overall TBEV seroprevalence and when separated into vaccinated and infected individuals. The estimated incidence and manifestation index argue that a large proportion of TBEV infections are not diagnosed.
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| 13. |
- Andernord, D., et al.
(författare)
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Contact allergy to haptens in the Swedish baseline series: Results from the Swedish Patch Test Register (2010 to 2017)
- 2022
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873 .- 1600-0536. ; 86:3, s. 175-188
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Allergic contact dermatitis has considerable public health impact and causative haptens vary over time. Objectives To report the prevalence of contact allergy to allergens in the Swedish baseline series 2010 to 2017, as registered in the Swedish Patch Test Register. Methods Results and demographic information for patients tested with the Swedish baseline series in 2010 to 2017 were analysed. Results Data for 21 663 individuals (females 69%) were included. Females had significantly more positive patch tests (54% vs 40%). The reaction prevalence rates were highest for nickel sulfate (20.7%), fragrance mix I (7.1%), Myroxylon pereirae (6.9%), potassium dichromate (6.9%), cobalt chloride (6.8%), methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI; 6.4%), MI (3.7%), colophonium (3.5%), fragrance mix II (3.2%), and formaldehyde (3.2%). Myroxylon pereirae reaction prevalence increased from 5% in 2010 to 9% in 2017 and that for methyldibromo glutaronitrile from 3.1% to 4.6%. MCI/MI and MI reactions decreased in prevalence after 2014. Nickel reaction prevalence decreased among females aged 10 to 19 years. Conclusions Nickel remains the most common sensitizing agent, with reaction prevalence decreasing among females younger than 20 years. The changes in MCI/MI and MI reaction prevalence mirrored those in Europe. The register can reveal changes in contact allergy prevalence over time among patients patch tested in Sweden.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Burcar Alm, Veronika, et al.
(författare)
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Jack Katz
- 2013
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Ingår i: Relationell socialpsykologi - klassiska och samtida teorier. - 9789147098316 ; , s. 196-216
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 16. |
- Bölenius, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Platsspecifik snabbestämning av skördebegränsande fysikaliska markegenskaper
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Projektets målsättning 1. Utveckla ett redskap som samtidigt gör NIR- och penetrationsmätningar on-line på olika djup i markprofilen, och att utvärdera dess potential att mäta textur, mullhalt, penetrationsmotstånd samt vattenhalt, vattenretention och ev. uttorkning 2. Relatera resultaten från snabbmätningarna och de traditionella mätningarna till variationsmönster i skörd 3. Utreda eventuella orsakssamband mellan: – mätta markegenskaper – rotdjup/vattenförhållanden – skördemönster. Allmänt kan sägas att sambanden mellan skörd och markfysikaliska parametrar var starkast vid låga skördenivåer, d.v.s. när de markfysikaliska parametrarna kan antas varit begränsande för skörden. Mätningarna visar att on-linemätning med en horisontell penetrometer är en intressant metod för att förklara skördevariationer på fältnivå, främst för att identifiera områden där markstrukturen kan vara skördebegränsande. Dock behöver detta studeras ytterligare.
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| 17. |
- Bölenius, Elisabeth, et al.
(författare)
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Within field cereal yield variability as affected by soil physical properties and weather variations - A case study in east central Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Geoderma Regional. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-0094. ; 11, s. 96-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Yield variations within fields can be substantial and soil physical properties are important as explanatory factors. However, correlations between yield and soil physical properties change between years, mainly depending on weather conditions. This study examined yield variations within a field and the explanatory power of interactions with soil physical factors. It also examined whether soil penetration resistance measurements can indicate areas where soil physical properties are potentially yield-limiting. Field measurements and soil sampling were carried out at 20 locations spread across a 7.5 ha area on a Eutric Cambisol within a 28 ha field at Kvarnbo farm in Uppsala, Sweden (59 degrees 50'N, 17 degrees 32'E). Yield was monitored in 1996-2000 and 2004. Soil sampling was performed in spring 2004 for measurement of soil texture, organic matter content, saturated hydraulic conductivity, bulk density and water-holding capacity at two matric tensions, 0.5 kPa and 10 kPa. Penetration resistance was measured on three separate occasions in 2004 and 2005, to cover any changes within and between seasons. "Simple" regression and principal component analysis (PCA) was used to test for significant differences in the data. Texture proved to be the main factor explaining the overall variation between sampling points, but penetration resistance was the most influential factor for yield variations. Yield in 2000 differed from that in other years due to excess water in lower-lying parts of the field (r=-0.70 between yield in 2000 and water-holding capacity in the subsoil, compared with r=0.6 in dry years). Since penetration resistance was correlated to several other measured soil properties it could be suitable as a screening tool to identify areas with poorer soil physical status for further investigations. Soil physical properties and their effects on yield were highly dependent on the weather. In high-yielding years, when water was not the limiting factor, soil physical status mattered less.
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| 18. |
- Delin, Sofia, et al.
(författare)
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Potentiella mätmetoder för att uppskatta kvävegödslingsvärdet hos organiska gödselmedel
- 2010
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I detta projekt utvärderades några potentiella metoder för att uppskatta kvävets växtnäringsvärde hos ett brett spektrum av organiska gödningsmedel. Kväve-gödslingseffekten av femton olika gödselmedel testades i krukförsök med raj-gräs. Gödselmedlen omfattade olika sorters stallgödsel, olika mjöl av slakteri-avfall, rapskaka, lusernpellets, avloppsslam, rötrest, vinass och musselkompost. En inkubation visade att redan nedbrutna material som stallgödsel, kompost och rötrest hade en låg nettomineralisering av kväve efter applicering på jord, medan den kunde vara hög från färskare produkter som pelleterade växter eller köttmjöl. Det kortsiktiga gödselvärdet hos nedbrutna material karaktäriseras därför ganska väl av ammoniuminnehållet, medan de senare nämnda gödsel-medlen kräver en annan metod. Varmvattenextraherbart kväve visade sig vara en dålig metod för att extrahera ut lättmineraliserbart kväve, framför allt från de animaliska produkterna. Aminosyrakväve och växttrådhalt var inte heller tillfredsställande för att beskriva lätt- respektive svårnedbrytbart material. Där-emot var kol/kväve-kvoten väldigt talande för hur lättillgängligt kvävet var på kort sikt. Även mätningar av nära infraröd reflektans (NIR) visade potential att kunna bli en snabb och billig metod för att karaktärisera gödselkvävets växt-näringsvärde. Men för att få fram en tillfredställande modell för det krävs mer omfattande bakgrundsmaterial än dessa femton prover. Redan nu bör dock kol/kväve-kvoten kunna användas, där ett negativt linjärt samband råder mellan kol/kväve-kvoten och andelen växttillgängligt kväve av gödselns totalkväve. Kvoter runt 2 antyder att ca 80 % av kvävet är lika tillgängligt som hos ett mi-neralgödselmedel och kvoter över 15 antyder att i princip inget kväve är till-gängligt på kort sikt
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| 19. |
- Engfeldt, Malin, et al.
(författare)
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Patch Testing with a New Composition of Mercapto Mix: A Multi-centre Study by the Swedish Contact Dermatitis Research Group
- 2019
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Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-5555 .- 1651-2057. ; 99:11, s. 960-963
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated whether more patients with contact allergies were detected by patch testing with mercapto mix with a higher concentration of 2-mercaptobenzothiazolinone (MBT) than the commonly used mercapto mix. A total of 3,143 dermatitis patients in 5 Swedish dermatology departments were patch-tested with 3 mercapto test preparations: MBT 2.0% petrolatum (pet.); mercapto mix 2.0% pet.; and mercapto mix 3.5% pet. Positive reactions to these mercapto mixes varied between 0-0.50%, 0-0.93%, and 0-1.4%, respectively, in the 5 centres. Numerically, mercapto mix 3.5% pet. detected all positive patients and more patch-test positive patients than did the 2 other substances, but the difference was not statistically significant. The authors recommend replacing mercapto mix 2.0% pet. in the Swedish baseline series with mercapto mix 3.5% pet., since the latter also detected those patients who would have been missed because MBT 2.0% is not included in the Swedish baseline series.
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| 20. |
- Glas, Bo, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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A novel approach to evaluation of adsorbents for sampling indoor volatile organic compounds associated with symptom reports
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Monitoring. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1464-0325 .- 1464-0333. ; 10:11, s. 1297-1303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article addresses problems that complicate attempts to compare methods when several factors may be associated with an effect, but it is not known which factors are relevant. Chemicals that may contribute to 'sick building syndrome' (SBS), and thus should be sampled in investigations of SBS, are not currently known. A study was undertaken to compare the utility of three adsorbents (Carbopack B, Chromosorb 106 and Tenax TA) for detecting differences in personal chemical exposure to volatile organic compounds in indoor air, between persons with and without SBS symptoms (cases and controls). On the basis of office workers' responses to a questionnaire, 15 cases and 15 controls were chosen. They simultaneously carried diffusive samplers with adsorbents during a week at work, and the acquired samples were analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The adsorbents were then compared in terms of their ability to separate cases and controls in partial least square discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) models. This method of comparison takes into account detected differences in chemical exposure between cases and controls measured with the different adsorbents. Tenax TA gave the best PLS-DA models for separating cases and controls, but a combination of measurements with Tenax TA and Carbopack B gave better PLS-DA models than models based on measurements from either adsorbent alone. Adding measurements from Chromosorb 106 did not improve the results.
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| 21. |
- Glas, Bo, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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Association of exposure to ozone, formaldehyde, NO2 and terpenes with reported symptoms in office workers
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A number of risk factors for “sick building syndrome” (SBS) are known, including poor ventilation, but the associated substances in the air that are removed by ventilation are unknown. In this study the exposure of office workers to formaldehyde, d-limonene, nitrogen dioxide, ozone and α-pinene at work and at home was measured during a working week. Data on symptoms were obtained by analyzing responses to a questionnaire and participants were divided into cases and controls. We found no significant differences in chemical exposure between cases and controls. However, correlations were found between a number of individual symptoms and exposure to specific substances or combinations of substances.
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| 22. |
- Glas, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of three adsorbents for diffusive sampling of airborne volatile organic compounds in office environments
- 2005
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Ingår i: Indoor air 2005. - Beijing : Tsinghua university press. ; , s. 2713-2717
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Volatile organic compounds were personally sampled by people classified as cases (people having certain SBS symptoms) and controls, i.e. people not fulfilling the criteria's for cases. The aim of the study was to find out which adsorbent that gave the best separation between SBS cases and controls based on their chemical exposure of VOCs. The statistical method used was partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). The adsorbents compared were Carbopack B, Chromosorb 106 and Tenax TA. The study included 30 office workers wearing diffusive samplers during one working week. The samplers were analysed with thermal desorption-GC-MS, and each chromatographic peak was included in the data evaluation. Tenax TA gave the best separation between cases and controls with a Q(2) = 0.434 and R(2)Y = 0.873 for three components. Analyses of samples taken with Carbopack B and Chromosorb 106 showed no ability to discriminate between the two classes.
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| 23. |
- Glas, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Exposure to formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and terpenes among office workers and associations with reported symptoms
- 2015
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Ingår i: International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health. - Berlin/Heidelberg : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 0340-0131 .- 1432-1246. ; 88:5, s. 613-622
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To compare exposure to formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide, ozone and terpenes among office workers with and without sick building syndrome and the odds ratio for exposure. Are there significant differences? In this cross-sectional study of office workers, we investigated the associations between exposure to formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, alpha-pinene, and d-limonene using a case-control analysis. Data on perceived general, mucosal, and skin symptoms were obtained by questionnaires. Personal exposure measurements of the compounds were performed among cases and controls, and the odds ratios for exposures to the substances, both singly and in combination, were investigated. Exposures varied for formaldehyde between 0.23 and 45 A mu g/m(3), nitrogen dioxide between 0.26 and 110 A mu g/m(3), ozone between < 16 and 165 A mu g/m(3), alpha-pinene between 0.2 and 170 A mu g/m(3), and d-limonene between 0.8 and 1,400 A mu g/m(3). No consistent differences in exposure odds ratios were found between cases and controls or for individual symptoms.
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| 24. |
- Glas, Bo, 1959-
(författare)
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Methodological aspects of unspecific building related symptoms research
- 2010
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This thesis deals with methological issues in the study of chemical exposure and sick building syndrome (SBS). SBS is a combination of general, mucosal and skin symptoms that some people experience when staying in specific buildings. The aim was to find chemical patterns associated with SBS, but also to address methological problems in such study. The plan was to conduct a case-control study comparing the two groups’ chemical exposure, where cases were defined as those having at least one general, one mucosal and one skin symptom each week the last three months. For the planning it was necessary to know if cases and controls could be selected from the same building. If everyone in a building have the same chemical exposure it is no use to compare exposure between two persons at the same workplace. In the first paper exposure to more than 100 compounds is compared between 79 participants working in eight buildings. It was found that for the majority of compounds the variation in exposure was larger within buildings than between buildings, which means that cases and controls could be allowed to work in the same building. The second paper is a comparison of three adsorbents usability in finding differences in chemical exposure between SBS cases and controls. This was done by using chemometrical methods but comparisons of sampled amounts, blank values and reproducibility were also done. Tenax TA was found to be the best adsorbent, hence used in the case-control study. In recent years ozone and ozone reaction products with unsaturated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) has been in focus. Nitrogen dioxide is another gas affecting oxidation of reactive VOCs. Formaldehyde is an irritant formed when unsaturated VOCs are oxidised, and in some studies a relation with SBS has been found. In paper three the relation between personal exposure to formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, terpenes and SBS has been investigated among more than 200 office workers in a case control study in Umeå and Vasa. Cases (based on symptoms during the week of measurements) had lower ozone exposure than controls. No further associations were found at present exposure levels. A planed analysis of relations to VOCs could not be done due to analytical problems, and problems due to difficulties with consistent identification of compounds in a very large data set. These problems are further discussed in the thesis. In the case-control, study participants answered questionnaires about symptoms during "the past three months", "right now" (when answering the questionnaire), and during the week of exposure measurements. In the fourth paper the stability of symptoms were compared by answers at different occasions. It was found that the case/control concept was as stable as individual symptoms. More participants with atopic disease and those 41 years old or younger changed class compared with those without atopic disease and older participants. Measurement activities appeared to make participants report more symptoms. Fatigue, dry eyes and dry skin are suggested to be symptoms with strongest, and illness/dizziness to be weakest association with IAQ.
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| 25. |
- Glas, Bo, 1959-, et al.
(författare)
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The stability of office workers’ unspecific building-related symptom reports
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The stability of reported unspecific building-related symptoms, or sick building syndrome (SBS) was investigated in this study. In Umeå and Vasa, two cities in northern Sweden and Finland, 172 subjects were asked about their symptoms in two questionnaires. The first contained questions about symptoms during the past three months, right now (when answering the questionnaire), and if any symptom ameliorated when they were not at their workplaces. Later on, all of the workers took measurements of their personal chemical exposure at work and at home during one week, and at the end of the week they were asked about symptoms during the week. The stability of a case/control concept was investigated as well as individual symptoms. It was found that 67 % of cases and controls did not change class if classifications were based on answers on symptoms during both the past three months and the week of measurements. Corresponding proportions for general, mucosal and skin symptoms were 71 %, 71 % and 78 % respectively. However, measurement activities appeared to increase symptom reports; on average 43 % of controls reported symptoms compatible with the case definition and 53 % of individual symptoms during the week of chemical measurements were not experienced when asked about symptoms during the past three months. Classification of participants with atopic disease and those 41 years old, or younger, were least stable. Nausea/dizziness does not seem to be strongly associated with indoor air quality while other general symptoms, dry eyes and facial skin symptoms are often attributed to staying within the workplace building
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Hessle, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Combining environmentally and economically sustainable dairy and beef production in Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Agricultural Systems. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0308-521X .- 1873-2267. ; 156, s. 105-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To achieve a more sustainable food sector, a supply chain approach is needed. In this study, experts in different areas along supply chains co-operated in an interactive process to define future environmentally sustainable supply chains of milk and beef. The basis was to use existing techniques, to have production performance corresponding to the best quartile of today and to consider other sustainability aspects, such as economics. The work resulted in concrete descriptions of alternative product chains for delivered milk and beef. To also permit concrete descriptions of the latter part of the product chains, two consumer-packed end products were selected for monitoring, namely fresh milk and sirloin steak. The production systems investigated comprised cropping, livestock production, industrial processing and production, logistics, packaging and wastage and distribution, but not retailers or consumers. The study area was a Swedish county and the reference level was its production of milk and beef in 2012. The future product chains were assumed to deliver the same amounts of commodities as in 2012, but with reduced environmental impact. Primary production was required to be at least as profitable as today. Beside description of the current situation, three alternative scenarios were created, focusing on delivery of ecosystem services, plant nutrient circulation and minimising climate impact, respectively. Life cycle assessments were performed for these four scenarios (reference plus three alternative scenarios) for single-product chains and county-wide. Furthermore, production costs in primary production were calculated for the four scenarios. The results revealed great potential to reduce the negative environmental impact of Swedish dairy and beef production at current volumes, irrespective of whether ecosystem services, plant nutrient circulation or climate impact is in focus. The single most important factor for decreased environmental impact for livestock production was increased production efficiency. Measures in agriculture, especially concerning feeds, were critical, but actions in processing and distribution also contributed. All alternative scenarios resulted in lower production costs than at present. It was obvious that as dairy and beef systems are connected, the potential for their environmental improvement must be analysed together. In conclusion, increased efficiency can decrease the negative environmental impact of Swedish cattle production and also reduce costs to the farmer.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Isaksson, Marléne, et al.
(författare)
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Suitable test concentration of cobalt and concomitant reactivity to nickel and chromium. A multicentre study from the Swedish Contact Dermatitis Research Group
- 2021
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Ingår i: Contact Dermatitis. - : Wiley. - 0105-1873 .- 1600-0536. ; 84:3, s. 153-158
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background In Sweden, cobalt chloride 0.5% has been included in the baseline series since the mid-1980s. A recent study from Stockholm showed that cobalt chloride 1% petrolatum (pet.) was more suitable than 0.5%. Cobalt chloride at 1.0% has been patch tested for decades in many European countries and around the world. Objectives To study the suitability of patch testing to cobalt 1.0% vs 0.5% and to analyze the co-occurrence of allergy to cobalt, chromium, and nickel. Results Contact allergy to cobalt was shown in 90 patients (6.6%). Eighty (5.9%) patients tested positive to cobalt 1.0%. Thirty-seven of the 90 patients (41.1%) with cobalt allergy were missed by cobalt 0.5% and 10 (0.7%) were missed by cobalt 1.0% (P < .001). No case of patch test sensitization was reported. Allergy to chromium was seen in 2.6% and allergy to nickel in 13.3%. Solitary allergy to cobalt without nickel allergy was shown in 61.1% of cobalt-positive individuals. Female patients had larger proportions of positive reactions to cobalt (P = .036) and nickel (P < .001) than males. Conclusion The results speak in favor of replacing cobalt chloride 0.5% with cobalt chloride 1.0% pet. in the Swedish baseline series, which will be done 2021.
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| 30. |
- Isenberg, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Relationell socialpsykologi. Teorier och tillämpningar
- 2013
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Människor är ständigt involverade i sociala relationer. Det gäller när vi möter andra ansikte mot ansikte, när vi kommunicerar mobilt och när vi i vår ensamhet begrundar våra liv. Och det gäller arbete, kärlek, familj, vänskap, ovänskap, konflikt, konkurrens, avund, försoning – och så vidare. Sociala relationer är alltså av avgörande betydelse i all social och personlig utveckling. I denna bok presenteras ett antal teorier som betraktar sociala relationer som samhällets viktigaste element. Vi kallar detta perspektiv för relationell socialpsykologi. Den relationella socialpsykologin befinner sig i området mellan psykologisk socialpsykologi och sociologisk socialpsykologi och studerar det som sker när människor samspelar med varandra. Teorierna i den här boken är redskap för att analysera sociala möten, situationer och interaktioner och den kommunikation och de emotioner som uppstår. De ska också kunna fungera som utgångspunkt för professionella tillämpningar av teoretiska begrepp och perspektiv, till exempel inom social omsorg, vård och terapi. I boken presenteras klassiska och samtida företrädare för socialpsykologin: George Herbert Mead, Erich Fromm, Simone de Beauvoir, Erving Goffman, Thomas J. Scheff, Randall Collins, Arlie Russell Hochschild, Jack Katz, Johan Asplund och Georg Simmel.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Johansson, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Piece rates and their effects on health and safety – A literature review
- 2010
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Ingår i: Applied Ergonomics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0003-6870 .- 1872-9126. ; 41:4, s. 607-614
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The purpose of this study was to carry out a broad survey and analysis of relevant research articles about "piece rate" wages and their effects on health and safety, which were published internationally until the fall of 2008. The aim was to summarize and describe the state of the art of the research in this field and if possible draw conclusions from the accumulated research results. A total of 75 research articles were examined extensively and 31 of these were found relevant and had sufficient quality to serve the purpose of this study. The findings of these relevant articles are summarized and analyzed in the survey. Since the late 1980s, there has been a change of research focus regarding previous termpiece rates and their effects on health and safety.next term More recent research shows a clear interest for previous termhealth,next term musculoskeletal injuries, physical workload, pains and occupational injuries. The previous interest in risk behavior, security and accidents is still there, but no longer dominates the research scene.Although research is still sparse and fragmented, much of the accumulated knowledge about the previous termeffects of piece ratenext term work tells us that previous termpiece ratesnext term in many situations have a negative previous termeffect on health and safety.next term The fact that 27 of the 31 studied articles found negative previous termeffects of piece ratesnext term on different aspects of previous termhealth and safetynext term does not prove causality, but together they give very strong support for the hypothesis that in most situations previous termpiece ratesnext term have negative previous termeffects on health and safety.next termIn order to achieve better knowledge about the previous termeffects of piece ratesnext term in branches where previous termpiece ratesnext term are regarded problematic, further research is needed and such research has to be designed to meet the specific questions that are to be answered.
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| 33. |
- Karlsson Potter, Hanna, et al.
(författare)
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Precision nitrogen application – potential to lower the climate impact of crop production
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The agriculture sector is a significant contributor to global greenhouse gas emissions, especially methane (CH4) and nitrous oxides (N2O). Nitrous oxide emissions originate primarily from nitrogen fertiliser production and use. A nitrogen fertilisation rate close to crop demand is desirable for several reasons, e.g. it limits fertiliser use per unit of crop produced and reduces the risk of N2O emissions and nitrogen leaching.This study estimated the impact of two different measures for more accurate nitrogen fertilisation, field-specific nitrogen fertilisation (accounting for between-field variation) and variable-rate nitrogen application (accounting for within-field variation), compared with a uniform fertilisation application. Effects on nitrogen leaching, N2O emissions, grain yield and nitrogen balance were analysed. Calculations of leaching and N2O emissions were based on different examples of within- and between-field variation on two soil types, represented by two experimental fields in south-west Sweden from which measured data on grain yield and N2O emissions were obtained. Climate impact in a life cycle perspective, including fertiliser production and use, was calculated. The results for N2O emissions were compared with the results of simulations using the IPCC model for N2O emissions and a nitrogen balance-based model.According to the results, the climate impact from field N2O emissions was reduced by around 5% when using field-specific nitrogen fertilisation. An additional reduction of 1-10% (depending on in-field variations in nitrogen demand) was achieved when using variable-rate nitrogen application. The amount of fertiliser used was very important for the overall climate impact of crop production, indicating that measures which increase nitrogen use efficiency and keep nitrogen fertiliser doses below the optimum rate are preferable in a climate impact perspective. The commonly used IPCC model for predicting field N2O emissions failed to predict reductions in N2O from better nitrogen use efficiency. The nitrogen balance-based model performed better in predicting field N2O emissions in relation to what could be expected based on measured N2O emissions, but the estimated reduction was not as high as that predicted from field measurements.
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| 34. |
- Lindahl, Gunnar, et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of an IgA receptor from group B streptococci: specificity for serum IgA
- 1990
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Ingår i: European Journal of Immunology. - : Wiley. - 1521-4141 .- 0014-2980. ; 20:10, s. 2241-2247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Some strains of group B streptococci express a cell surface protein which binds IgA. This report describes some properties of such an IgA receptor and compares it with a previously described IgA receptor from group A streptococci. The group B receptor was released in an almost pure form from bacteria incubated at elevated pH, and could be isolated by IgA-Sepharose affinity chromatography. The sequence of the N-terminal 19 amino acid residues was unique. The receptor preferentially binds IgA of human origin, as shown in immunoblotting experiments with purified IgA from nine different species. The affinity constant of the purified receptor for serum IgA was determined to be 3.5 x 10(8) M-1, but for secretory IgA it was too low to allow determination. This result indicates that secretory component and/or J chain interferes with the binding of IgA to this type of bacterial receptor, which may be one of the physiological functions of these polypeptides. A reduction in affinity was also observed for another complexed form of IgA, alpha 1-microglobulin-IgA. The group B receptor is antigenically unrelated to the IgA receptor from group A streptococci (protein Arp), but competitive inhibition experiments indicate that they bind to the same region in IgA. The implications of these findings, and the biological role of bacterial IgA receptors, are discussed.
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| 35. |
- Mossberg, Bo, et al.
(författare)
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Svensk fältflora
- 2021
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Nyberg, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Potential methods for estimating nitrogen fertilizer value of organic residues
- 2012
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Ingår i: Soil Use and Management. - : Wiley. - 0266-0032 .- 1475-2743. ; 28, s. 283-291
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New organic fertilizers based on waste products are continually being introduced in agriculture. Their nitrogen (N) fertilizer value of their total N and mineral N content varies widely, creating a demand for standardized laboratory methods. This study evaluated some potential methods for estimating the N fertilizer value of different kinds of organic fertilizers. The methods were evaluated against the N fertilizer value obtained from a ryegrass pot experiment. Fifteen fertilizers were tested, including different kinds of manure, powders from meat, bone, blood and feathers, rapeseed cake, lucerne pellets, sewage sludge, biogas residue, vinasse and mussel compost. Mineral fertilizer equivalents (MFE) were calculated as the fraction of total N (MFE) or organic N (MFEorg) out of total N that has the same availability to plants as inorganic N. Mineral N content (% of total N added with organic residue) after 4 weeks of incubation of soil was correlated to MFE (r2 = 0.78), but was on average 17% lower. Warm water-extractable N, amino acid N and crude fibre analysis all proved to be unsatisfactory as methods for estimating MFE or MFEorg. However, the carbon/nitrogen ratio accurately reflected short-term plant-available N through a negative linear relationship (r2 = 0.83) and would thus be a very useful method for estimating MFE, with MFE decreasing by 5% per unit increase in C/N ratio. The results also indicated that the analysis of near infrared reflectance (NIR) spectra can be an even quicker and cheaper method to estimate MFE of organic residues, but this issue requires further research.
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| 40. |
- Persson, Anders, et al.
(författare)
-
Erving Goffman
- 2013
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Ingår i: Relationell socialpsykologi - klassiska och samtida teorier. - 9789147098316 ; , s. 90-115
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)
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| 41. |
- Piikki, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
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A modified delta yield approach for estimation of economic optimal nitrogen rate (EONR) for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)
- 2017
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Ingår i: Agricultural and Food Science. - : Agricultural and Food Science. - 1459-6067 .- 1795-1895. ; 26, s. 233-241
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A Swedish field trial database was mined for information on economic optimal nitrogen rate (EONR). A total of 100 trials with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and 47 trials with barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) were used to parameterise prediction models for EONR based on yields in plots with no nitrogen (N) fertilisation, intended to reflect N mineralisation, and yields in plots with a high N rate, aimed as a proxy variable for yield potential, i.e. a modification of the delta yield (Delta Y) approach. When the prediction models were applied to new sites and years, predictions had mean absolute error (MAE) = 10 kg N ha(-1) for wheat and = 9 kg N ha(-1) for barley. Performing modified Delta Y experiments can complement current N fertilisation trials with many rates, in order to improve the spatial representation of EONR estimations. Moreover, Delta Y experiments can potentially be used for in-season EONR estimation, in which case the accuracy of the EONR predictions depends also on the uncertainty in yield predictions made at the time of supplementary fertilisation.
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| 42. |
- Piikki, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
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Constructing a layered electrical conductivity model using k nearest-neighbour predictions and a combination of two proximal sensors
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Soil Science. - : Wiley. - 1351-0754 .- 1365-2389. ; 65, s. 816-826
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A strategy to produce layered high-resolution apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) models of agricultural fields by distance-weighted k nearest-neighbour prediction (kNN) was tested at three farms. Electromagnetic induction (EMI) measurements were combined with measurements made with a dipole probe. Depth-layer-specific ECa values from the probe measurements were interpolated in the attribute space of the EMI measurements with the distance-weighted kNN method. This analysis resulted in high-resolution ECa maps for depth intervals of 0-0.2 and 0.4-0.6 or 0.4-0.8 m. The ECa values measured with the dipole probe ranged between 6.1 and 40.2 mS m(-1), and at two of the three farms investigated it was possible to create ECa maps at two depths with mean absolute errors of 1.1-3.8 mS m(-1). At the third farm the predictions were less accurate. Combining data from two fundamentally different sensors of ECa for kNN predictions was deemed to be an efficient way to produce 3-D information on arable soil. However, it seems to be essential that the dipole probe and the EMI measurements are made under similar conditions.
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| 43. |
- Piikki, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
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Digital soil mapping for modelling of transport pathways for pesticides to surface water
- 2015
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Detailed spatial information of soil texture and SOM content are needed for the modelling of pesticide fate. As part of the SLF project Transport pathways for pesticides to surface water (SLFH1133108) such maps were derived for three depth layers of the soil profile in two sub-catchments with a total area of 450 ha. Data from proximal sensor measurements were combined with national datasets (a digital elevation model and a Quaternary deposit map) and calibrated against soil sample data. Different modelling strategies were tested and the best strategy for each layer was selected for production of the final maps. For topsoil texture, Marsplines modelling with a reduced number of covariables gave the best results (the final models included topographic variables and gamma radiation). In the upper subsoil, the texture was best predicted by an empirical relationship to the topsoil predictions. This is not surprising since the number of calibration samples in the subsoil was very small (n = 18) compared to the number of calibration samples (n = 85). In the deep subsoil, the best strategy was again to use Marsplines modelling with a reduced number of covariables. The SOM content in the topsoil and was mapped by Marsplines modelling using a limited number of predictors and allowing interactions. In the subsoil, however, all soil samples but one had SOM < 3 % and the entire area was classified as as SOM class u. Organic soils according to the SGU QD map (peat areas) were not included in the mapping. Instead they were directly assigned as SOM class t and the texture was not determined.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Piikki, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
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Perspectives on validation in digital soil mapping of continuous attributes—A review
- 2021
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Ingår i: Soil Use and Management. - : Wiley. - 0266-0032 .- 1475-2743. ; 37, s. 7-21
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- We performed a systematic mapping of validation methods used in digital soil mapping (DSM), in order to gain an overview of current practices and make recommendations for future publications on DSM studies. A systematic search and screening procedure, largely following the RepOrting standards for Systematic Evidence Syntheses (ROSES) protocol, was carried out. It yielded a database of 188 peer-reviewed DSM studies from the past two decades, all written in English and all presenting a raster map of a continuous soil property. Review of the full-texts showed that most publications (97%) included some type of map validation, while just over one-third (35%) estimated map uncertainty. Most commonly, a combination of multiple (existing) soil sampe datasets was used and the resulting maps were validated by single data-splitting or cross-validation. It was common for essential information to be lacking in method descriptions. This is unfortunate, as lack of information on sampling design (missing in 25% of 188 studies) and sample support (missing in 45% of 188 studies) makes it difficult to interpret what derived validation metrics represent, compromising their usefulness. Therefore, we present a list of method details that should be provided in DSM studies. We also provide a detailed summary of the 28 validation metrics used in published DSM studies, how to interpret the values obtained and whether the metrics can be compared between datasets or soil attributes.
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| 46. |
- Piikki, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
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Sensor data fusion for topsoil clay mapping
- 2013
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Ingår i: Geoderma. - : Elsevier BV. - 0016-7061 .- 1872-6259. ; 199, s. 106-116
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study investigated proximal sensor data fusion for topsoil clay mapping on a 22 hectare agricultural field in southwest Sweden. Eight different predictor sets and two different prediction methods were tested in an orthogonal design. The predictor sets were different combinations of proximally measured gamma (gamma) ray spectrometry and apparent electrical conductivity (ECa), four terrain attributes (elevation, slope and the cosine and the sine of the aspect) and the digital numbers (DNs) of an aerial photo. The two prediction methods were partial least squares regression (PLS-R) and k nearest neighbor prediction (kNN). It was found that the gamma ray spectrometry variables ( 232Th, 40K and total count of decays) were good predictors of topsoil clay content (mean absolute error of about 1.5% clay) and predictions were neither much improved nor deteriorated by addition of any of the other predictors. The ECa measurements, which are affected also by the subsoil, did not perform as well. Predictions were improved when the ECa data were integrated with the aerial photo DN but were deteriorated by addition of elevation data. The kNN method yielded slightly better predictions than the PLS-R method but overall it was more important which input data were used than how the predictions were made. It was observed that even though dense soil sampling was used for calibration (three samples per hectare), use of proximal soil sensor data was almost always better than mere interpolation of the calibration samples.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Piikki, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
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Three-dimensional digital soil mapping of agricultural fields by integration of multiple proximal sensor data obtained from different sensing methods
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Precision Agriculture. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1385-2256 .- 1573-1618. ; 16, s. 29-45
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the present study was to evaluate a strategy for three-dimensional (3-D) digital soil mapping on two farms in southwest Sweden. Apparent electrical conductivity (ECa) and gamma radiation data from proximal sensors and laser-scanned elevation data were used as predictors. Depth-integrated ECa measurements from a non-invasive sensor were used directly, but also calibrated against probe sensor ECa measurements to obtain layer-specific values. This allowed the predictive powers of depth-integrated and layer-specific ECa to be compared. Clay and sand fractions, and organic matter content (OM) were modelled for three depth layers by multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARSplines). Clay and sand were consistently better predicted in the topsoil than in the subsoil. MARSplines models based on layer-specific ECa data rather than on depth-integrated ECa data yielded more successful estimations of these soil properties in both subsoil layers (0.4-0.6 and 0.6-0.8 m) on both the farms but this was not always the case in the topsoil. Topsoil OM was better predicted by spatial interpolation of the calibration data than by using MARSplines models with ancillary predictors. In the two subsoil layers, the mapping procedure could not be appropriately tested, because the OM was low and homogeneous. We concluded that a 3-D soil texture map of an agricultural field could be prepared using MARSplines models based on layer-specific ECa values, gamma radiation data and a digital elevation model.
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| 49. |
- Piikki, Kristin, et al.
(författare)
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Three-layered soil maps based on sensor measurements
- 2013
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Principles for on-going 3-D mapping projects, from field to catchment scale, of arable land in Sweden are outlined. The procedure uses proximal soil sensors and terrain attributes. Mapped areas have a pixel size of 10x10 m and consist of 2-3 layers in the top 0.8 m of the soil. As an example, the 3-D clay content map for an 800 ha catchment is presented. Accuracy was best for the topmost layer (RMSE=3.7% clay) and decreased for each layer downward. The deepest layer had high and rather homogeneous clay content and model calculations were poor. The procedure will be tested in other areas with more variable soil type and clay content.
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| 50. |
-
Relationell socialpsykologi : klassiska och samtida teorier
- 2013
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Proceedings (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Sociala relationer är avgörande i all social och personlig utveckling. Vi befinner oss ständigt mitt i dem - när vi möts ansikte mot ansikte, när vi kommunicerar mobilt och när vi i vår ensamhet begrundar våra liv. Arbete, kärlek, familj, vänskap, ovänskap, konkurrens, avund, försoning - allt är uttryck för sociala relationer.I denna bok presenteras teorier som betraktar sociala relationer som samhällets viktigaste element. Vi kallar detta perspektiv för relationell socialpsykologi. Det relationella perspektivet sätter människors samspel i förgrunden medan samhälleliga och psykologiska villkor utgör bakgrund. Bokens teorier är redskap för att analysera möten, situationer och interaktioner samt de sociala, emotionella och psykiska konsekvenser dessa kan få.I boken presenteras klassiska och samtida företrädare för socialpsykologin: George Herbert Mead, Erich Fromm, Simone de Beauvoir, Erving Goffman, Thomas J Scheff, Randall Collins, Arlie Russel Hochschild, Jack Katz, Johan Asplund och George Simmel.
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