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- Kahle, J., et al.
(författare)
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Anti-factor VIII antibodies in brothers with haemophilia A share similar characteristics
- 2017
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Ingår i: Haemophilia. - : Wiley. - 1351-8216. ; 23:2, s. 292-299
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: The development of neutralizing antibodies (inhibitors) against coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) is currently the most serious complication for patients with haemophilia A undergoing FVIII replacement therapy. Several genetic factors have been acknowledged as risk factors for inhibitor development. Aim: To analyze the influence of genetic factors on the nature of the humoral immune response to FVIII in eight brother pairs with inhibitors. Methods: The domain specificity of FVIII-specific IgG was analysed by antibody binding to FVIII fragments and homologue-scanning mutagenesis (HSM). The FVIII-specific IgG subclasses were measured by direct ELISA. Results: Of the 16 patient analysed with both methods, 12 had A2- and 13 had C2-specific IgG. The presence of A1-, A3- or C1-specific IgG was identified in nine of 14 patients analysed by HSM. IgG1, IgG2 and IgG4 subclasses contributed to the anti-FVIII IgG response, and the amount of FVIII-specific IgG1 (r = 0.66) and IgG4 (r = 0.69) correlated significantly with inhibitor titres. Patients with high concentrations of total anti-FVIII IgG (r = 0.69) or high inhibitor titres (r = 0.52) had a high proportion of FVIII-specific IgG4. Statistical analysis revealed trends/evidence that the subclass distribution (P = 0.0847) and domain specificity to HC/LC (P = 0.0883) and A2/C2 (P = 0.0011) of anti-FVIII IgG were more similar in brothers compared to unrelated subjects. Conclusion: Overall, our data provide a first hint that anti-FVIII IgG characteristics are comparable among haemophilic brothers with inhibitors. Whether genetic factors also influence the nature of patients' antibodies needs to be confirmed in a larger study population.
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- Iwnicki, S. D., et al.
(författare)
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Dynamics of railway freight vehicles
- 2015
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Ingår i: Vehicle System Dynamics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0042-3114 .- 1744-5159. ; 53:7, s. 995-1033
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper summarises the historical development of railway freight vehicles and how vehicle designers have tackled the difficult challenges of producing running gear which can accommodate the very high tare to laden mass of typical freight wagons whilst maintaining stable running at the maximum required speed and good curving performance. The most common current freight bogies are described in detail and recent improvements in techniques used to simulate the dynamic behaviour of railway vehicles are summarised and examples of how these have been used to improve freight vehicle dynamic behaviour are included. A number of recent developments and innovative components and sub systems are outlined and finally two new developments are presented in more detail: the LEILA bogie and the SUSTRAIL bogie.
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- Karis, Tomas, 1985-, et al.
(författare)
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Correlation of track irregularities and vehicle responses based on measured data
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads and Tracks, Vol 2. - : CRC Press/Balkema. - 9781138035713 ; , s. 1285-1290
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Track geometry quality and dynamic vehicle response are closely related, but do not always correspond with each other in terms of maximum values and standard deviations. This can often be seen to give poor results in analyses with correlation coefficients or regression analysis. Measured data from the EU project DynoTRAIN is used in this paper to evaluate track-vehicle response. A single degree of freedom model is used as inspiration to divide track-vehicle interaction into three parts, which are analysed in terms of correlation. One part, the vertical axle box acceleration divided by vehicle speed squared (z(w)/v(2)) and the second spatial derivative of the vertical track irregularities (z(t)''), is shown to be the weak link with lower correlation coefficients than the other parts. Future efforts should therefore be directed towards investigating the relation between axle box accelerations and track irregularity second derivatives, while also including more vehicles.
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