| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Stigson, B., et al.
(författare)
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A future resource and pollution constrained world-An agenda for a new partnership between business, governments and academia
- 2015
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Ingår i: Technological forecasting & social change. - : Elsevier BV. - 0040-1625 .- 1873-5509. ; 98, s. 255-259
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The world will undergo rapid and profound developments during the coming decades. This is due to a number of global mega trends, such as population growth, poverty alleviation and urbanisation. The result is a future that will be both resource and pollution constrained. Following the development of the past decades, this future also includes increased systems complexity and an interconnected world. To deal with these challenges, the global society must move towards a more collaborative approach that builds on a grand coalition of stakeholders. Building on experiences from global business, international policy advisory positions and research, this opinion-piece discusses items on an agenda to deal with the challenges in creating a sustainable future.
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| 3. |
- Stigson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Promoting Eco-Industrial Parks in China : Policy suggestions for voluntary agreements
- 2007
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Ingår i: 3rd International Green Energy Conference. - 9789185485536 ; , s. 1273-1283
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- China has in later years experienced a rapid economic development, which has occurred at the expense of theenvironment. This strongly applies to the manufacturing industry as a central element in the developing economy.The Chinese government is however now pursuing a development path associated with improved environmentalcharacteristics with a focus on Resource and Energy Efficiency (R&EE). Within this development Eco-IndustrialParks (EIPs) can make an important contribution for improved R&EE in the manufacturing industry. EIPs facilitatelow energy and environmental impact production and the concept consequently comply both with economic andecologic development goals, while also having social benefits. While EIPs are promoted in the Chinese generalpolicy framework, such as the Circular Economy (CE), they are not targeted by any specific policy instruments.Based on a review of international and Chinese policy recommendations and experiences on R&EE policy, thepaper identify that this can be effectively accomplished by Voluntary Agreements (VAs). A positive aspect of VAs isthe design flexibility that allows the instrument to be adapted to the varying conditions under which Industrial Parks(IPs) operate in China. VAs are also identified to encompass a number of positive features in the China EIP caseas regards to increasing policy compliance, accomplishing short-term results, avoiding inefficient technologicallock-in as part of the rapid development, contributing to capacity building, and dealing with EIP managementbarriers.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Austeng, Dordi, et al.
(författare)
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Incidence of and risk factors for neonatal morbidity after active perinatal care : extremely preterm infants study in Sweden (EXPRESS)
- 2010
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 99:7, s. 978-992
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of neonatal morbidity in extremely preterm infants and to identify associated risk factors. Methods: Population based study of infants born before 27 gestational weeks and admitted for neonatal intensive care in Sweden during 2004-2007. Results: Of 638 admitted infants, 141 died. Among these, life support was withdrawn in 55 infants because of anticipation of poor long-term outcome. Of 497 surviving infants, 10% developed severe intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH), 5.7% cystic periventricular leucomalacia (cPVL), 41% septicaemia and 5.8% necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC); 61% had patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) and 34% developed retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) stage >= 3. Eighty-five per cent needed mechanical ventilation and 25% developed severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Forty-seven per cent survived to one year of age without any severe IVH, cPVL, severe ROP, severe BPD or NEC. Tocolysis increased and prolonged mechanical ventilation decreased the chances of survival without these morbidities. Maternal smoking and higher gestational duration were associated with lower risk of severe ROP, whereas PDA and poor growth increased this risk. Conclusion: Half of the infants surviving extremely preterm birth suffered from severe neonatal morbidities. Studies on how to reduce these morbidities and on the long-term health of survivors are warranted.
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| 6. |
- Buhr, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Climate Change Politics through a Global Pledge-and-Review Regime : Positions among Negotiators and Stakeholders
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI AG. - 2071-1050. ; 6:2, s. 794-811
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pledge-and-review is an essential pillar for climate change mitigation up until 2020 under the auspices of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. In this paper, we build on a survey handed out to participants at the Seventeenth Conference of Parties in 2011 to examine to what extent climate negotiators and stakeholders agree with existing critiques towards pledge-and-review. Among the critique examined, we find that the one most agreed with is that the pledges fall short of meeting the 2 degree target, while the one least agreed with is that pledges are voluntary. We also find that respondents from Annex 1 parties are more critical than respondents from Non-Annex 1 parties. Negotiators display strikingly similar responses regardless of where they are from, while there is a remarkable difference between Annex 1 and Non-Annex 1 environmental non-governmental organizations. We build on these results to discuss the legitimacy of pledge-and-review.
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| 7. |
- Buhr, Katarina, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Comparisons of the Copenhagen Pledges : Analyses for Climate Change Professionals
- 2012
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- This synthesis report summarizes the results from the project "Comparing National Initiatives in an International Fragmented Climate Regime" (CompNat) that was carried out 2010–2012. The project aimed to analyze and compare the national pledges for non-binding climate change mitigation up until 2020, submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) as a response to the Copenhagen Accord.The report aims to provide an overview of the research within the project. The target group is climate change professionals who already have basic knowledge about the “Copenhagen pledges”, including negotiators, policymakers, industry representatives and researchers. The report can be read from the beginning to the end, or be used for quicker look-ups. Several project results have also been reported separately in other forum, including scientific journals, reports and seminars. However, some recent and more demarcated analyses are presented here for the first time.The project was funded by the Swedish Energy Agency and led by IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute. The authors sincerely thank negotiators at the Swedish Energy Agency for constructive feedback on the project. Moreover, we thank all respondents and anonymous reviewers for their contributions.
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| 8. |
- Buhr, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
-
Comparisons of the Copenhagen Pledges - Analyses for Climate Change Professionals
- 2012
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This synthesis report summarizes the results from the project "Comparing National Initiatives in an International Fragmented Climate Regime" (CompNat) that was carried out 2010–2012. The project aimed to analyze and compare the non-binding national pledges for climate change mitigation up until 2020, submitted to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) as a response to the Copenhagen Accord. The report aims to provide an overview of the research within the project. The target group is climate change professionals who already have basic knowledge about the "Copenhagen pledges", including negotiators, policymakers, industry representatives and researchers. The report can be read from the beginning to the end, or be used for quicker look-ups. Several project results have also been reported separately in other forum, including scientific journals, reports and seminars. However, some recent and more demarcated analyses are presented here for the first time. The project was funded by the Swedish Energy Agency and led by IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute.
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| 9. |
- Buhr, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Klimatlöftena efter Köpenhamn : Nationella utsläppsmål och handlingsplaner som grund för ett nytt klimatavtal
- 2011
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Rapport (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Klimatmötet i Köpenhamn blev omskrivet som ett misslyckande då parterna inte lyckades ta fram ett avtal för att begränsa den globala uppvärmningen till +2°C. Mindre känt är att Köpenhamnsmötet också öppnade för en process där ländernas egna förslag på vad de är villiga att göra för klimatet utgör en viktig utgångspunkt för det fortsatta arbetet med att ta fram ett nytt internationellt klimatavtal.Länder uppmanades att skicka in icke-bindande målsättningar som beskriver avseddabegränsningar av de egna växthusgasutsläppen fram till år 2020. Dessa egenförfattademålsättningar, som vi i den här rapporten kallar Köpenhamnslöftena, har inkluderats iklimatförhandlingarna inför nästa stora årliga konferens som hålls i sydafrikanska Durbani slutet av 2011.Köpenhamnslöftena är intressanta för alla som vill förstå den internationella klimatpolitikensutveckling. I den här rapporten erbjuds en översikt av Köpenhamnslöftena baserad på aktuellforskning. Vilka olika slags löften har länderna angett och vad innebär de? Är dessa löftentillräckliga för att rädda klimatet och hur kan de komma att påverka samhällsekonomin?Studien ingår i projektet ”Jämförbarhet av nationella initiativ i en fragmenterad internationellklimatregim” som finansieras av Energimyndigheten.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Bulut, Mehmet Börühan, et al.
(författare)
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Active buildings in smart grids - Exploring the views of the Swedish energy and buildings sectors
- 2016
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Ingår i: Energy and Buildings. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-7788 .- 1872-6178. ; 117, s. 185-198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of smart grids is expected to shift the role of buildings in power networks from passive consumers to active players that trade on power markets in real-time and participate in the operation of networks. Although there are several studies that report on consumer views on buildings with smart grid features, there is a gap in the literature about the views of the energy and buildings sectors, two important sectors for the development. This study fills this gap by presenting the views of key stakeholders from the Swedish energy and buildings sectors on the active building concept with the help of interviews and a web survey. The findings indicate that the active building concept is associated more with energy use flexibility than self-generation of electricity. The barriers to development were identified to be primarily financial due to the combination of the current low electricity prices and the high costs of technologies. Business models that reduce the financial burdens and risks related to investments can contribute to the development of smart grid technologies in buildings, which, according to the majority of respondents from the energy and buildings sectors, are to be financed by housing companies and building owners.
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| 12. |
- Bulut, Mehmet Börühan
(författare)
-
An analysis of the relationship between the energy and buildings sectors in Sweden
- 2015
-
Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Climate change is one of the global challenges of our time. The energy sector is at the focus of the European efforts to combat climate change as it accounts for 80% of the total greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union. Buildings, on the other hand, represent 40% of the energy use and 33% of the total greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union, giving the buildings sector also a key role in the European climate strategy. There are, at the same time, strong interdependencies between the energy and buildings sectors due to the high amount of energy used by buildings and their rising importance as active components in the future energy systems. These interdependencies do not only influence the investment decisions in the energy and buildings sectors, but also the effectiveness of the European climate strategy. Cooperation between the energy and buildings sectors can create beneficial outcomes for the both sectors as well as the environment. It may also encourage innovation, improve the energy performance of buildings, and help achieve a higher penetration of renewable energy into the energy system.This licentiate thesis investigates the relationship between the energy and buildings sector at the inter-company level. Presenting the data collected from interviews and a web survey answered by the energy and buildings sectors in Sweden, this thesis examines the level of cooperation between these two sectors, discusses trust issues between stakeholders, presents the factors that negatively impact cooperation, and provides recommendations for the minimisation of these factors.The findings presented in this thesis indicate an insufficient level of cooperation between the energy and buildings sectors in Sweden, to which the following factors have been identified to contribute in a negative a way: district heating monopolies; energy efficiency in buildings; building regulations; self-generation of electricity; and energy use patterns. The emphasis on self-interest by stakeholders within the both sectors appears to create trust issues between stakeholders. Accordingly, shifting the focus from self-gains to mutual gains is deemed necessary to improve the cooperation between the energy and buildings sectors. This, however requires significant changes in current practices and business models. It has been identified that the development of smart energy systems that allow a closer interaction between the energy and buildings sectors through flexible energy supply and use would minimise many of the factors that negatively impact cooperation.
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| 13. |
- Bulut, Mehmet Börühan, 1987-
(författare)
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Building as active elements of energy systems
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Buildings account for approximately 40% of the energy demand and 33% of the total greenhouse gas emissions in the European Union. Accordingly, there are several efforts that target energy efficiency in buildings both at the European and Swedish levels. The role of buildings in climate change mitigation, however, is not limited to energy savings. Buildings are expected to become key elements of the future smart energy systems by supplying and using energy in a more flexible way. Reducing the energy demand in buildings effectively and shifting the role of buildings in energy systems from ‘passive’ consumers to ‘active’ prosumers, however, require close interaction and cooperation between the energy and buildings sectors.Based on the data collected from interviews and a web survey, this doctoral thesis investigates the relationship between the energy and buildings sectors in Sweden at the inter-company level, presents key stakeholder views on smart energy features in buildings and investigates the opportunities and barriers for their adoption in Sweden and Hong Kong.The results of this thesis suggest a potential for improving the cooperation between the Swedish energy and buildings sectors, which was identified to be influenced by the following factors: district heating monopolies; energy efficiency efforts in the buildings sector; unsuccessful technology-neutrality of the building regulations; self-generation systems in buildings; and energy use patterns. Shifting the focus from self-gains to mutual gains appears crucial to strengthen the inter-sectoral cooperation, as there are several opportunities for achieving mutually beneficial solutions for the two sectors. This would, however, require significant changes in current practices and business models as well as the introduction of new technologies, which would allow for a more flexible energy supply and use. Accordingly, technologies that target flexible energy use in buildings are considered the most important smart energy features in buildings. The current high costs of technologies, such as home automation and smart electrical appliances, however, create the strongest barrier to adoption. Therefore, the introduction of new business and ownership models and the elimination of the institutional and regulatory barriers are crucial to achieve a wide-scale development of smart energy features in buildings. The results from Hong Kong suggest that institutional and regulatory barriers can particularly create strong hinders to the adoption of technologies.It is possible to achieve more sustainable energy systems, where buildings are active elements of networks that supply and use energy in a more flexible and ‘smarter’ way. Cooperation between the energy and buildings sectors can play a key role in the adoption of smart energy features in buildings and pave the way for the smart built environment of the future.
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| 14. |
- Bulut, Mehmet Börühan, 1987-, et al.
(författare)
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Buildings in the future energy system : Perspectives of the Swedish energy and buildings sectors on current energy challenges
- 2015
-
Ingår i: Energy and Buildings. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-7788 .- 1872-6178. ; 107, s. 254-263
-
Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Buildings are expected to play a key role in the development and operation of future smart energy systems through real-time energy trade, energy demand flexibility, self-generation of electricity, and energy storage capabilities. Shifting the role of buildings from passive consumers to active players in the energy networks, however, may require closer cooperation between the energy and buildings sectors than there is today. Based on 23 semi-structured interviews and a web survey answered by key stakeholders, this study presents the views of the energy and buildings sectors on the current energy challenges in a comparative approach. Despite conflicting viewpoints on some of the issues, the energy and buildings sectors have similar perspectives on many of the current energy challenges. Reducing CO2 emissions is a shared concern between the energy and buildings sectors that can serve as a departure point for inter-sectoral cooperation for carbon-reducing developments, including the deployment of smart energy systems. The prominent energy challenges were identified to be related to low flexibilities in energy supply and use, which limit mutually beneficial cases, and hence cooperation, between the energy and buildings sectors today.
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| 15. |
- Fischer, Charlotte, et al.
(författare)
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How Should Support for Climate-Friendly Technologies Be Designed?
- 2012
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Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. ; 41:1, s. 33-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Stabilizing global greenhouse gas concentrations at levels to avoid significant climate risks will require massive ‘‘decarbonization’’ of all the major economies over the next few decades, in addition to the reduced emissions from other GHGs and carbon sequestration. Achieving the necessary scale of emissions reductions will require a multifaceted policy effort to support a broad array of technological and behavioral changes. Change on this scale will require sound, well-thought-out strategies. In this article, we outline some core principles, drawn from recent social science research, for guiding the design of clean technology policies, with a focus on energy. The market should be encouraged to make good choices: pricing carbon emissions and other environmental damage, removing distorting subsidies and barriers to competition, and supporting RD&D broadly. More specific policies are required to address particular market failures and barriers. For those technologies identified as being particularly
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Nilsson Sommar, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Overall health impacts of a potential increase in cycle commuting in Stockholm, Sweden
- 2022
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Public Health. - : Sage Publications. - 1403-4948 .- 1651-1905. ; 50, s. 552-564
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To estimate the overall health impact of transferring commuting trips from car to bicycle..Design and setting: In this study registry information on location of home and work for residents in the County of Stockholm was used to obtain the shortest travel route on a network of bicycle paths and roads. Current modes of travel to work were based on travel survey data. The relation between duration of cycling and distance cycled was established as a basis for selecting the number of individuals that normally would drive a car to their work place, but have a distance to work that they could bicycle within 30 minutes. The change in traffic flows was estimated by a transport model (LuTrans) and effects on road traffic injuries and fatalities were estimated by using national hospital injury data. Effects on air pollution concentrations were modelled using dispersion models.Results: Within the scenario, 111 000 commuters would shift from car to bicycle. This corresponds to 32% of the existing car commuters. On average the increased physical activity reduced the one-year mortality risk by 12% among the additional bicyclists corresponding to 16 fewer premature deaths per year. Including the number of years lost due to morbidity, the total number of disability adjusted life years (DALYs) gained was 696. The amount of DALYs per year gained in the general population due to reduced air pollution concentrations at home addresses was 471. The number of DALYs lost by traffic injuries was 176. Including also air pollution effects among bicyclists, the scenario was calculated to each year give a net benefit of 939 DALYs.Conclusion: The health impact assessment of transferring commuting by car to bicycle estimated large health benefits even then considering injuries and air pollution exposure among bicyclists.
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| 19. |
- Nyblom, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Governance and degrowth : Lessons from the 2008 financial crisis in Latvia and Iceland
- 2019
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 11:6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates the role of governance dimensions in socio-economic transitions in line with degrowth, i.e., an equitable downscaling of the economy. Our focus is on experiences from the 2008 economic crisis in Latvia and Iceland. Although these cases are not in themselves examples of degrowth, we see them as important sources of empirical learning from major socio-economical transitions; furthermore, we see crises as possible starting points for future degrowth transitions. This paper applies a governance framework to explore the vast differences in management strategies and crisis outcomes in Latvia and Iceland. In Iceland, public resistance led to a shift in policy measures such that economic inequality and the negative social consequences of the crisis decreased. In Latvia, public resistance existed but had no strong influence. The outcome in Latvia included none of the elements of equitable downscaling found in the case of Iceland. These two cases show how differences in formal institutional arrangements, political culture and societal trust affect different governance dimensions during a time of crisis. The analysis illustrates the importance of institutional and governance dimensions in major socio-economical transitions, and demonstrates how they influence the kind of transition that can be realized.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Stigson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Climate And Energy Policy Evaluation In Terms Of Relative Industrial Performance And Competitiveness
- 2009
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Ingår i: International Journal of Green Energy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1543-5075 .- 1543-5083. ; 6:5, s. 450-465
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Due to differences in greenhouse-gas abatement costs within the industrial sectors, there is an ongoing discussion on potential negative competitive effects of climate and energy policies. This article argues that policymakers must acknowledge the relative performance of industrial operations parallel to the competitors, the compulsoriness of policies, and the harmonization of policies accordingly. To this end, the authors suggest a tool aimed for robust participatory policy evaluations at decision-maker levels. The tool promotes policy learning, transparency, and consensus building, hence contributing to more effective and efficient policy design and management process. The tool is exemplified in a Swedish context.
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| 22. |
- Stigson, Peter, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Improving policy making through government-industry policy learning : The case of a novel Swedish policy framework
- 2009
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Ingår i: Applied Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0306-2619 .- 1872-9118. ; 86:4, s. 399-406
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Climate change poses an unprecedented challenge for policy makers. This paper analyzes how industry sector policy expertise can contribute to improved policy making processes. Previous research has identified that policy making benefit by including non-governmental policy analysts in learning processes. Recent climate and energy policy developments, including amendments and the introduction of new initiatives, have rendered current policy regimes as novel to both governments and the industry. This increases business investment risk perceptions and may thus reduce the effectiveness and efficiency of the policy framework. In order to explore how government-industry policy learning can improve policy making in this context, this article studied the Swedish case. A literature survey analyzed how policy learning had been previously addressed, identifying that the current situation regarding novel policies had been overlooked. Interviews provided how industrial actors view Swedish policy implementation processes and participatory aspects thereof. The authors conclude that an increased involvement of the industry sector in policy design and management processes can be an important measure to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of climate and energy policies.
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| 23. |
- Stigson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Negotiated Agreements as a vehicle for Policy Learning
- 2010
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Ingår i: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GLOBAL WARMING. - : InderScience. - 1758-2083 .- 1758-2091. ; 2:2, s. 97-117
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The paper evaluates to which extent that different designs of Voluntary Agreements (VAs) can work as catalysts for Policy Learning (PL) and thus contribute to improved policy design and management processes. Through a literature study, it is found that VAs in the form of Negotiated Agreements (NAs) are more successful in promoting PL than other types of VAs that have less focus on the participatory aspect of the policy processes. The paper contributes to the existing VA policy literature through highlighting the predominately overseen learning values of implementing NA as well as providing policy recommendations on VA learning processes.
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| 24. |
- Stigson, Peter, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Obstacles for CCS deployment : An analysis of discrepancies of perceptions
- 2012
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Ingår i: Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change. - : Springer. - 1381-2386 .- 1573-1596. ; 17:6, s. 601-619
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The potential for CO2 emission reductions through carbon capture and storage (CCS)is depending on investments that can bring the technology from the current R&D through tocommercial applications. The intermediate step in this development is demonstration plants thatcan prove the technical, economic, social, and ecological feasibility of CCS technologies. Basedon a CCS stakeholder questionnaire survey and a literature review, we critically analysediscrepancies regarding perceptions of deployment obstacles and experiences from early demonstrationplants. The analysis identifies discrepancies between CCS policies versus importantdeployment considerations and CCS stakeholder policy demands. The discrepancy gap isemphasised by lessons from restructured, postponed, and cancelled CCS projects. To bridgethis cognitive gap towards proving CCS through demonstration activities, the article highlightspolicy implications of establishing a broad understanding of deployment obstacles. Attention tothese obstacles is important for policymakers and industry in channelling efforts to demonstratingCCS, hence validating the current focus on CCS as a key abatement potential. Under presentconditions, the findings question the robustness of current CCS abatement potential estimatesand deployment goals as established by policymakers and in scenarios.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
- Stigson, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Prospects for Swedish acceptance of carbon dioxide storage in the Baltic Sea : Learning from other energy projects
- 2016
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Ingår i: Greenhouse Gases. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2152-3878. ; 6:2, s. 188-196
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As initiatives are taken in Sweden to evaluate the geological potential for carbon dioxide storage in the adjacent Baltic Sea, experiences from elsewhere may provide lessons about perceptions of and potential opposition toward carbon capture and storage (CCS). A comprehensive analysis of storage feasibility needs to include the issue of social acceptance. The knowledge of CCS is low in Sweden however and there are no Swedish CCS projects to learn from. This paper therefore draws on lessons from other large-scale energy projects that are embedded in similar Baltic Sea contexts to complement lessons on CCS acceptance provided in the literature. The aim of this study is to facilitate an understanding of acceptance of potential future CO2 storage initiatives in the Swedish Baltic Sea region and to analyze what contextual factors are likely to be determinative of the outcome of these and similar projects. The study identifies climate change as one such key contextual factor, which can often be used both to support and oppose a large-scale energy project. Furthermore, the study finds that there are perceptions of uncertainties regarding the regulatory framework that need to be ad-ressed in order to facilitate the planning of CCS projects in the region.
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| 28. |
- Stigson, Peter, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Re-Evaluating the Sustainability of Energy Systems : The Nexus of Energy, Water, and Land-Use
- 2014. - 1
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Ingår i: Handbook of Clean Energy Systems. - Chichester, UK : John Wiley & Sons. ; , s. 1-14
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Scenarios for global developments typically point to a sharp increase in demand for energy as well as for water and land. These developments have a starting point where global ecosystems are already being exploited unsustainably. This has implications for energy systems, which can be designed as more or less water and land-use intensive. However, evaluating the sustainability of energy systems commonly do not take water and land-use systems into account. This presents a problem as these three systems—energy, water, land—are intrinsically linked, which provides both barriers and opportunities for these systems' individual as well as collective sustainability. More comprehensive evaluations of energy systems that acknowledge the system interlinkages are therefore needed. This has become known as applying a nexus approach. The idea behind the nexus approach is to increase system synergies and resilience through jointly analyzing ecosystem capacities, drivers for resource use, development objectives, capacities to manage linked systems, and the need for new knowledge. This provides a comprehensive perspective on the restrictions and freedom we have in governing, designing, and using the social, technical, and ecological systems. The article thus presents a nexus approach and provides an understanding of challenges for the sustainability of energy systems from a broad system perspective.
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| 29. |
- Stigson, Peter, 1974-
(författare)
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Reducing Swedish Carbon Dioxide Emissions from the Basic Industry and Energy Utilities : An Actor and Policy Analysis
- 2007
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The aim of the thesis is to analyze the design of the present climate and energy policies. The main focus is on how the policy instruments affect the Swedish stakeholders who are included in the European Union’s Emission Trading Scheme (EU-ETS). In-depth interviews have been carried out with representatives from the basic industry, energy utilities as well as industrial and green organizations. The purpose is to illustrate have how these stakeholders view the current policy framework and what amendments that they view as necessary.Suggestions to the Government are given regarding the design of national policies and policy instruments to provide for an improved policy framework. The information and synthesis have furthermore been collected through extensive literature studies as well as participating at conferences and seminars.The thesis is written as a monograph in order to address a larger group of readers interested in the transition of energy systems towards sustainability as well as policy makers and Swedish stakeholders. The common understanding that the global energy systems have to undergo a transition to renewables and higher energy efficiency due to the earth’s finite sources of fossil fuels and uranium presents large challenges for policy makers and business sectors as well as the society in general.Global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have to be drastically reduced and the work to achieve this has started through international negotiations such as the Kyoto Protocol. As the present commitment levels are low, an important issue in a short-term perspective is to develop a more comprehensive and efficient system with a much wider participation and more stringent emission targets.In order to achieve current national policy goals and international GHG emission commitments the Swedish Government utilizes a number of policy instruments that are either nationally self-assumed or called for by international agreements or the European Union. The Swedish stakeholders that are included in the EU-ETS face a broad policy framework that has a large impact on their daily operations and future investment strategies. It is imperative for the policymakers, i.e. the Government, to act in accordance with the long-term perspective that the climate change issue and the transition of the energy system require. It is likewise important that any actions are in accordance with the operational and investment climate that the business sector faces. It is argued that these aspects are not fully considered as the success of the next national budget or term of public office seems to overshadow these issues. A long-term perspective is required to provide the business sector with stable and reliable incentives. This is needed to provide the economic conditions under which the businesses can realize investments that will result in emission reductions. Short-term policies reinforce the view of environmental investments as a form of risk investments. This negatively affects the possibility of the policy instruments to effectively achieve established policy goals.Paying attention to these requirements is however not a simple task for policy makers as it will require agreements between the political parties. This demonstrates the main political difficulty with climate change – the requirement of a long-term and full commitment by all state authorities. It should be noted that the thesis does not attempt to describe the Swedish policy makers as neglecting the urgency of acting to mitigate climate change. The national agenda is far to advanced from an international perspective for such statements. The thesis however pinpoints some important issues highlighted by stakeholders, within the business sector and other organizations, who are concerned with the present climate and energy policy framework.Some of the findings are as follows:• Reducing GHG emissions in order to combat climate change must include a long-term perspective• The design of policy instruments should consequently be long-term to increase the support for investments in GHG emission reducing technologies• The design of policies that promote low GHG production alternatives within the energy utilities should be improved• The large potential for reduced GHG emission available through fuel switching and energy efficiency improvements in the Swedish basic industry should be promoted by amended policies• Reformulate or abandon the national GHG emissions target goal with the current formulation• Strive for an emission rights allocation system that is as transparent, fair and predictable as possible• The policy framework should aim for a high level of stability through interaction with the affected stakeholders• These factors are inherently important for the overall efficiency of the policy framework
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| 30. |
- Stigson, Peter, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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The ambitions in Copenhagen Pledges : Country case studies of drivers and barriers
- 2013
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Ingår i: Greenhouse Gas Measurement and Management. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2043-0779 .- 2043-0787. ; 3:1-2, s. 21-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The climate pledges under the Copenhagen Accord have been evaluated by researchers in quantitative terms, but less attention has been provided on insights into what drove countries and what political barriers impeded countries to submit a pledge and the ambitiousness of the pledges. This article therefore highlights what the drivers and barriers are under the Copenhagen Accord and assesses whether the political considerations can be expected to differ from the positions under a binding climate regime under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. By means of case studies the research finds that the political origin differs and in general views that the Accord is viewed as adding to transparency and legitimacy of the negotiations. Moreover, while the pledges can be viewed as a separate regime, it should be complemented by emissions trading to spur increased ambition. The research also identifies that the pledges are commonly viewed as binding and that barriers are increasingly viewed as drivers seeing that costs of climate action is viewed as lower than inaction.
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| 31. |
- Stigson, Peter, 1974-
(författare)
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The industry role in policymaking : Policy learning in climate politics
- 2009
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Climatic change has sparked a broad range of responses on all societal levels. New initiatives and negotiations, scientific findings, and technological developments, have established a novel framework for policymaking and industrial abatement investments. Lessons on the evolving framework should be analysed and utilised to handle the dynamic reality of climate policymaking processes. Governments in the majority of economies only have an indirect and long-term influence on reducing industrial emissions, as they do not own the emitting operations. As representing one-third of the global carbon dioxide emissions, industry is therefore a key stakeholder group in whether or not the political agenda will be fulfilled. How industry perceives that obstacles and opportunities affect investment calculi are thus important. Hence, policymakers should facilitate policy learning (PL) to aid the creation of effective and efficient political agendas. This is important to acknowledge the policy and investment experiences of industrial actors and to deal with a number of plausible investment obstacles identified under the novel framework. Taking stock of PL and other policy theories, this thesis is aimed to develop recommendations for facilitating PL and thus contributing to more effective and efficient climate policy frameworks. The results highlight the role of industry in abatement and political strategies where policymakers need to gain knowledge on how industries perceive abatement investment obstacles and how these may be bridged. The intrinsic learning values of government-industry negotiated agreements (NAs) are emphasised and a framework for operationalising PL through NA designs is developed. PL is furthermore identified as important, and NAs are recommended as a policy instrument, to fill knowledge gaps identified in two case-studies of promoting complex and novel industrial operations. This thesis also recommends a participatory policy evaluation tool that is sensitive to industrial competitiveness and establishes a forum for discussions on perceived investment obstacles and opportunities under different conditions. The results are not aimed to provide a blueprint for a comprehensive climate policy framework but as a contribution to literature and the incremental learning that this thesis strongly promotes.
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| 32. |
- Stigson, Peter, 1974-
(författare)
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The Resource Nexus : Linkages Between Resource Systems
- 2013
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Ingår i: Reference Module in Earth Systems and Environmental Sciences. - : Elsevier. - 9780124095489
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Resources are basic elements in building and operating our societies. Some are more fundamental than others, such as energy, water and food. These resources cannot however be viewed in isolation, as linkages between them mean that scarcity in one resource system can affect other systems. Moreover, competition and prices of resources are expected to increase. Planning and research on resources should thus consider such linkages and the status of ecosystems when analyzing how resources can be supplied both sustainably and resiliently.
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| 33. |
- Stigson, Peter, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Voluntary agreements as a vehicle for policy learning
- 2009
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the Global Conference on Global Warming 2009 (GCGW-09), Istanbul Turkey, 2009.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Present literature identifies policy learning (PL) as contributing to effective and efficient policy design and management processes. Similarly, the participatory nature of specific voluntary agreements (VAs) has been identified as contributing to increased policy framework effectiveness and efficiency. Against this background, this study aims to prove the hypothesis that an increased attention to the possibilities for PL that exists in the VA policy framework can contribute to a better design of VAs, as well as potentially providing more positive evaluations thereof if acknowledging said learning. Hence, the study analyses to which extent that the literature acknowledges VAs’ learning potentials, and evaluates which policy recommendations that can be provided to increase the potential for PL. The study finds that VAs in the form of negotiated agreements are more successful in promoting PL than other types of VAs that have less focus on the participatory aspect of the policy processes. The study also identifies that the policy cycle of negotiated agreements includes four different stages of learning possibilities. As to facilitate that these stages can be fruitfully explored, the study presents recommended policy design and management elements that can increase learning. To this end, the study does not aim to provide recommendations for the entire VA process, as suggestions focus specifically on the learning aspects. The paper contributes to the existing VA policy literature through highlighting the predominately overseen learning values of implementing negotiated agreements as well as providing policy recommendations on VA learning processes.
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| 34. |
- Svenfelt, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Scenarios for sustainable futures beyond GDP growth 2050
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The idea of continued economic growth is increasingly questioned and critically analysed on the basis of its potential negative sustainability impact. Along with the critique, visions and strategies for alternative systems need also be brought onto the agenda. The aim of this paper is to present the qualitative content of scenarios that explore sustainability strategies for Swedish society when economic growth is not seen as an end in itself, and the goal is instead other values/goals that society might wish to achieve. Multi-target backcasting scenarios are developed, that illustrate future states in which four sustainability targets (climate, land use, participation and resource security) are to be attained. The focus of the four scenarios is: 1) collaborative economy, 2) local self-sufficiency, 3) automation for quality of life, and 4) circular economy in the welfare state. In the paper, we also present the process of the development of the scenarios and feedback from stakeholders. Although the focus is on Sweden, the process and scenarios should also be relevant for other similar countries. The scenarios are discussed in terms of their relevance and their purpose, the fulfilment of the sustainability goals and the multi-target approach.
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| 35. |
- Svenfelt, Åsa, et al.
(författare)
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Scenarios for sustainable futures beyond GDP growth 2050
- 2019
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Ingår i: Futures. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 0016-3287 .- 1873-6378. ; 111, s. 1-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The idea of continued economic growth is increasingly questioned and critically analysed on the basis of its potential negative sustainability impact. Along with the critique, visions and strategies for alternative systems need also be brought onto the agenda. The aim of this paper is to present the qualitative content of scenarios that explore sustainability strategies for the Swedish society when economic growth is not seen as an end in itself, and instead the objective is other values/targets that society might wish to achieve. Multi-target backcasting scenarios are developed that illustrate future states in which four sustainability targets (climate, land use, participation, and resource security) are to be attained. The focus of these four scenarios is: 1) a Collaborative economy, 2) Local self-sufficiency, 3) Automation for quality of life, and 4) Circular economy in the welfare state. In the paper, we also present the process of the development of the scenarios, and feedback from stakeholders. Although the focus is on Sweden, the process and scenarios may also be relevant for other similar countries. The scenarios are discussed in terms of their relevance and their purpose, the fulfilment of the sustainability targets, and the multi-target approach.
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