| 1. |
- Jörgensen, Hans, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Emotional links to forest ownership. : Restitution of land and use of a productive resource in Põlva County, Estonia
- 2008
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Ingår i: Fennia. - Turku : Geographical Society of Finland. - 0015-0010. ; 186:2, s. 95-111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our survey among new land and forets owners in Põlva County in southeast Estonia focuses on the owner's different motives for obtaining land and forest property through restitution and privatization from 1992 on. In the light of the historical context presented, two clear-cut motives for obtaining property appear: emotional and economic. Based on the results from the survey we conclude that the emotional non-economic factors have been most influential for a majority of the landowners, regardless of if the actual property was restituted or purchased. The emotional bonds to landed property are related to the aspiration to regain and reposess family property and thereby related to a certain place affiliation. Another interpretation concerns the restrictions with regards to the spread of modern commercial forestry among the - foremost small-scale - property holders for which the actual posession is around 12 ha each.
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| 2. |
- Jörgensen, Hans, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Private landowners’ relation to land and forest in two Estonian counties
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Northern Studies. - Umeå : Umeå University & The Royal Skyttean Society. - 1654-5915. ; 2010:2, s. 33-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This comparative study is based on two large surveys of privateland and forest owners in two Estonian counties. While more than half of Põlvamaa is covered with forests, Läänemaa has a potential for summer tourism and second homes. We explore different rationales for obtaining landed property and analyse the individual property holders’ relations to—and use of—landand forests. Based on the two interlinked restitution and privatisation processes from 1991 onwards, our surveys reveal two main rationales among the owners:emotional and economic. The owners’ relations to the property are connected with legacies from both the interwar independence and the Soviet period. In addition, different rationalities, ambitions and attitudes are also related to how the property was obtained. In spite of the demand for land, many resituated landowners have chosen to maintain or recreate family property, even if the property was not actively used. In both Põlvamaa and Läänemaa the emotional bonds to land are strong among the owners of restituted or inherited property, while this is a weaker factor among those who have obtained land or forest through privatisation.
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| 3. |
- Stjernström, Olof, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Om skogen där vi bor
- 2022
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Ingår i: Västerbotten förr och nu. - Umeå : Nättidskriften Västerbotten förr & nu. - 0346-4938.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- En ubikvitet är någonting som är allestädes närvarande. Begreppet medrötter inom teologin har i överförd betydelse fått karaktärisera naturresurser som finns överallt i den ekonomisk-geografiska teoribildningen. Idag är benämningen en smula obsolet som konkret term i teorin menbrukbar som en metafor för saker som vi tar för givet, som bara är ellersom vi upplever finns överallt. Allestädes närvarande. Från Helmer till Klungan, från Missenträsk till Avaliden, från Umeå till Ammarnäs så finns alltid den allestädes närvarande gemensamma nämnaren ”skogen”. Vi bor i skogen. Skogen är det som omger oss i vår färd till eller ifrån– eller i våra liv på – en plats. Skogen har en särskild plats i vår västerbottniska historia och vårt sätt att prata natur. För att den finns där.
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| 4. |
- Apsite, Elina, et al.
(författare)
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Baltic State migration system : the case of latvian immigrants in Sweden
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Northern Studies. - Umeå : Umeå University; The Royal Skyttean Society. - 1654-5915 .- 2004-4658. ; 6:1, s. 31-52
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sweden, with a particular focus on Latvia. Two historical turns in the BalticStates’ recent history have contributed to an out-migration from the region—the restoration of independence in the early 1990s and accession to the EuropeanUnion (EU) in 2004. Although these events were considered positive asthey meant “open” borders for Baltic State citizens, lately the out-migrationfrom Latvia has increased. Likewise, the global economic crisis that started in2008 and the consequential unemployment draw attention to emerging patternsand the composition of emigrants to several destinations, but in this caseparticularly to Sweden. After the EU expansion Sweden did not receive as manyEastern European migrants as was expected at the time, but recent trends revealthat there has been a steady increase in the migration flow since then. TheNordic countries as a potential destination initially lacked pioneer migrants toestablish social support networks that would attract newcomers, but this is nowchanging; statistics for 2010 show that the number of Baltic State immigrantsin Sweden has grown significantly since 2008. With the economic recessionand unemployment in Latvia in 2009, 2010 had even higher emigration activitythan in 2004 just after the country’s accession to the EU. Nordic countriesemerge as welcoming destinations to recent migrants, who state that the proximityto their home country and the labour market opportunities are the mainattraction but also that a positive view of Sweden and the Swedes plays a part.Contemporary trends of migration from the Baltic States and especially Latviaunder conditions of economic downturn lead to emerging pattern of migrationsystems between Latvia and Sweden, combining a mixture of motives and diversityof the people involved in migration chains.
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| 5. |
- Bergstén, Sabina, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences and emotions among private forest owners versus public interests : why ownership matters
- 2018
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Ingår i: Land use policy. - : Elsevier. - 0264-8377 .- 1873-5754. ; 79, s. 801-811
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- By adopting a qualitative approach and considering the case of Sweden, the aim of the paper is to investigate and analyse how private forest owners' experiences and emotions related to their private forest ownership manifest themselves in their relationship to public use of their forests and public planning for recreation and biodiversity on their land. The study incorporates and elaborates upon a conceptual framework related to the dimensions of property rights, feelings of ownership, and sense of place in its analysis of the private forest ownership context. Fifty-one semi-structured interviews were conducted with forest owners owning land in two geographically different areas. The results demonstrate the important role of the 'social contract' of rights and responsibilities, which are associated with the concept of property rights, and are embedded in the relationship between private ownership and the Swedish custom of the Right of Public Access to nature in the broad acceptance of public use of private forestland. The forest owners' relationships with public planning are diverse and complex, illustrating the various dimensions of private forest ownership, the heterogeneous forest owner corps, and the different geographical contexts. The dimensions of ownership feelings and sense of place, and the interplay between them, are shown to contribute to enhanced sentiments linked to forest ownership, expressed in ambivalence or lack of conviction about public planning. An important point of resistance to public interests is owners' identity as stewards or long-term custodians of their particular forestland. The article ends with a set of recommendations for public policy and planning processes regarding public interests related to private forest ownership.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Carlquist, Jonas, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Språk och planering
- 2017
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Ingår i: Plan. - Stockholm : Föreningen för samhällsplanering. - 0032-0560. ; :1, s. 48-51
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 8. |
- Carson, Dean B., 1970-, et al.
(författare)
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Hot-spots and spaces in-between : Development and settlement in the "Old North"
- 2019
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Ingår i: The politics of Arctic resources. - London : Routledge. - 9781138040601 - 9781315174969 ; , s. 18-37
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chapter 2 discusses the changes in habitation or human geography, contextualizing the idea of a sparsely populated region with in fact great variation, from large coastal cities down to the village level. The chapter illustrates that even villages close to each other and with similar economic or other backgrounds can come to vary vastly, depending on factors that are not accessible within a pure demographic context, and questions the use of a sparsely populated area assumption, which may make areas seem unitary in their development.
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| 9. |
- Costamagna, Federico, et al.
(författare)
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Livability of Urban Public Spaces in Northern Swedish Cities : The Case of Umeå
- 2019
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Ingår i: Planning practice + research. - : Routledge. - 0269-7459 .- 1360-0583. ; 34:2, s. 131-148
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study explores how winter conditions are taken into accountin urban planning in the city of Umea in northern Sweden. Snow and harsh winter conditions are to some extent considered inurban planning in most northern towns in Sweden. Besides that, snow and ice could also be elements in the city attracting people and contribute to the design of public spaces. Current plans and interviews with planners were complemented with participatory observations. The results show that public spaces designed for both winter and summer seasons are preferred.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Lidestav, Gun, et al.
(författare)
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Forests in common and their contribution to local development
- 2017
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Ingår i: Globalisation and change in forest ownership and forest use. - London : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9781137571168 - 9781137571151 ; , s. 261-302
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this chapter, we look at the role that a forest held in common can play in supporting local development and promoting the livelihood of the local community. Four dissimilar cases in Italy, Slovenia, Sweden and UK are described and analysed by applying the Sustainable Livelihood Framework. Despite very different pre-requisites and local conditions, our results show that all cases contain rules to maintain the extent and function of natural assets, and they contributed to the mobilisation of different types of capital. In each case there is evidence of interaction with higher governance levels, which protects the group’s room for action. The provision of access to natural and physical resources for rural people in a broader sense illustrates the cases’ orientation towards public good.
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| 13. |
- Lind, Tommy, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Organizational challenges for schools in rural municipalities : cross-national comparisons in a Nordic context
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Research in Rural Education. - : Penn State University Press. - 1551-0670. ; 30:6, s. 1-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, the spatial structure of primary schools and alternative organizational frameworks are studied in a number of rural municipalities in the northern parts of Norway, Sweden, and Finland. The aim of the study is to investigate how the spatial structure of schools has changed between the years 2008 and 2013 in these municipalities, what strategies the municipalities have developed to adapt their schools to changing conditions, and what constraints there are to apply the strategies at the local level. To answer these questions, semi-structured interviews with municipal representatives were conducted. Substantial changes to the spatial structure of school organizations through closures and mergers can be observed. The overall strategy for the future in all three national settings is a spatial structure with well equipped and well staffed schools in municipal centers and as few small village schools as possible, using information and communication technology (ICT) as a distance-bridging technology. The constraints to applying these strategies are on three different spatial levels. At the state level, the state places constraints regarding what municipalities and schools can and cannot do. At the municipal level, local politicians do not want to close schools for fear of losing the next election. At the community level, the constraints mainly lie in the resistance and strong social capital of the inhabitants who are focused on keeping their schools open irrespective of per capita costs.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Müller, Dieter K., 1968-, et al.
(författare)
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Making "wilderness" in a northern natural resource periphery : on restructuring and production of a pleasure periphery in northern Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: The politics of Arctic resources. - London : Routledge. - 9781138040601 - 9781315174969 ; , s. 99-118
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Chapter 6 takes up the more recently developed sector of tourism, problematizing the assumptions inherent in conceptions such as "resource periphery" and "pleasure periphery". Instead, the chapter shows that resource use and tourism may well interact, and that tourism even largely relates to mining or mining infrastructure: the extensive existence of infrastructure related to resource uses and industrial as well as post-industrial development at large can even be seen as the basis for tourists being able to access the "wilderness".
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| 17. |
- Pashkevich, Albina, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Making Russian arctic accessible for tourists : analysis of the institutional barriers
- 2014
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Ingår i: Polar Geography. - London : Taylor & Francis. - 1088-937X .- 1939-0513. ; 37:2, s. 137-156
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent improvements in nature protection in the European territory of Russia’s Arctic islands and archipelagoes – such as the creation of the Russian Arctic National Park – have also resulted in an increase in visitation to this area. This study uses the Key Informants’ Technique to analyze Russian tourism planning and development of this territory since 2011. The majority of the principle stakeholders identified for this study agreed that these areas have great potential for tourism development and are already attracting both foreign and Russian tourists. At the same time, impediments to foreign cruise companies and individual travelers spell rather gloomy prospects for further destination development in the area. The contradictions of the current stage of tourism development support the assumption that Russia’s territorial interests still prevail. Tourism development appears to be a top-down enterprise, organized by less experienced tourism developers and bureaucrats and without consideration for the long-term perspective.
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| 18. |
- Pashkevich, Albina, 1975-, et al.
(författare)
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Nature-based tourism, conservation and institutional governance : a case study from the Russian Arctic
- 2016
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Ingår i: The Polar Journal. - 2154-896X .- 2154-8978. ; 6:1, s. 112-130
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyses current institutional arrangements connected to the protection of natural resources in developing nature-based tourism in the territories of the north-western part of the Russian Arctic. Examples from two regions, the Arkhangelsk Oblast and the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, illustrate how the different methods of nature conservation – national parks and nature reserves – are promoting or constraining the development of nature-based tourism activities. The study is based on 14 semi-structured interviews with representatives from state organisations as well as representatives from non-governmental organisations, and reviews of planning and policy documents. This paper discusses the factors shaping present institutional arrangements connected to environmental protection and the capability to establish planning schemes. The agencies responsible for nature-based tourism development often suffer from rudimentary tourism planning, inadequate tourism infrastructure and a lack of service management skills. In addition, there is evidence that mistrust and a lack of collaboration among governmental agencies and private stakeholders also limit development opportunities. Despite the difficulties experienced by authorities responsible for the measures of conservation and nature protection in the remote Arctic territories (Nenetsky State Nature Reserve), pockets of success are identifiable (e.g. Kenozersky National Park). The reality of the nature conservation efforts and the ability to develop nature-based activities is heavily dependent on individual engagement and interpersonal collaboration, which makes the best practices non-transferable to other contexts. So far, the current system of institutional governance limits the possibilities to increase the economic impact of nature-based tourism in the Russian Arctic.
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| 19. |
- Pettersson, Maria, 1971-, et al.
(författare)
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The role of participation in the planning process : examples from Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Local Environment. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1354-9839 .- 1469-6711. ; 22:8, s. 986-997
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Participation in decision-making has successively developed into a guiding principle at both EU and national level. However, diverse perspectives exist on what the role of different interests in participative processes should be, and the legal rules regarding participation varies between different sectors; from clearly defined to virtually non-existent requirements. This may have adverse effects on the legitimacy of decisions and decision-making. This paper reviews the role of participation in the planning process in relation to natural resource development in Sweden, as guided by EU and international law. Based on the notion of effective participation, the study illustrates the potential clashes that may result from different conceptions of participation, for instance, at various levels of governance, as well as from disparate principles for implementation in different sectors.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Stjernström, Olof, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Environmental protection : an instrument for regional development? National ambitions versus local realities in the case of tourism
- 2009
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Ingår i: Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. - Oslo : Taylor & Francis in coop. with the Norwegian School of Hotel Management in Stavanger. - 1502-2250 .- 1502-2269. ; 9:4, s. 387-405
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper deals with the relation between protection of land and local and regional development through a power and democracy perspective on planning. A Swedish case is used to illustrate the connection between planning, local power and local development, with reference to tourism in a Nordic context. When areas are protected, planning automatically becomes centralized, taking the planning process out of the hands of the local authorities. Within these state territories of set rules, regulations and institutionalized systems - eco-protectorates - the local population becomes powerless when it comes to making decisions about land-use and is unable to engage in economically viable tourism enterprises because of centralized decision-making. Even in nature-based tourism where the quality of nature is important, it could therefore be more advantageous to have access to non-protected land for nature tourism. This is even more so because the idea of regional and local development often appears to have been "attached" as an afterthought or pious wish to the central planning documents. With genuine intention to stimulate local and regional development, protection should itself be based on geographical awareness and sensitivity to the diverse conditions in which such development is visualized. Local initiatives regarding land-use and protection do not have to be in conflict with national and international ambitions and regulations but they easily can be.
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| 22. |
- Stjernström, Olof, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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How can Sweden deal with forest management and municipal planning in the system of ongoing land-use and multilevel planning?
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Countryside. - Prag : De Gruyter Open. - 1803-8417. ; 10:1, s. 23-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article studies the relation between territorial and functional planning by investigating the Swedish local comprehensive planning system and the forest management. The former is locally based and the latter is functionally based or sector-orientated. By interviewing planners from the County Administrative Boards responsible for monitoring the national interests in the Swedish municipalities and forest managers from the Regional Forest Agency Administration, we found out that forest- and municipality related issues that coincide or interact with each other is normally considered in the collaborative planning process based on consultations and cooperation between the involved stakeholders. Weaknesses in the collaborative planning system consists of lack of coordination between the involved legal frameworks as well as lack of local planning resources and in some cases competences.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Stjernström, Olof, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-level planning and conflicting interests in the forest landscape
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Globalisation and change in forest ownership and forest use. - London : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9781137571168 - 9781137571151 ; , s. 225-259
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter describes and analyses overlapping planning structures and multi-level planning issues and how they affect current land use and management in the forest landscape. Forest land use in Sweden is based on a large proportion of privately owned forests with the primary purpose of producing timber for the forest industries. Nevertheless, the forests are also characterised by multiple uses and many stakeholders (economic as well as ecological and social) who express themselves and relate to forest management. In this chapter, we present a number of methods, both traditional and more recent, for managing multiple use of the forest landscape. These range from physical planning and the Swedish Right of Public Access to Natura 2000, forest certification, reindeer-husbandry plans, and scenario techniques.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Stjernström, Olof, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Skogen och den kommunala planeringen
- 2013
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Ingår i: Plan. - Stockholm : Föreningen för samhällsplanering. - 0032-0560. ; :1, s. 42-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 29. |
- Stjernström, Olof, 1961-, et al.
(författare)
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Skogslandskapets markanvändning och konflikter
- 2019
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Ingår i: Samhällsplaneringens teori och praktik. - Stockholm : Liber. - 9789147113613 ; , s. 255-264
-
Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med kapitlet är att beskriva skogens nyttjande och hur synen på den har förändrats över tid, samt kopplingen till fysisk planering och relaterad lagstiftning.
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| 30. |
- Strömgren, Magnus, 1973-, et al.
(författare)
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Pre-hire factors and workplace ethnic segregation
- 2011
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In addition to neighbourhoods of residence, family and places of work play important roles in producing and reproducing ethnic segregation. Therefore, recent research on ethnic segregation and contact is increasingly turning its attention from residential areas towards other important domains of daily interethnic contact. The key innovation of this paper is to clarify the role of immigrants' pre-hire exposure to natives in the residence, workplace and family domains in immigrant exposure to natives in their current workplace. The study is based on Swedish population register data. The results show that at the macro level, workplace neighbourhood segregation is lower than residential neighbourhood segregation. Our micro-level analysis further shows that high levels of residential exposure of immigrants to natives help to reduce ethnic segregation at the level of workplace establishments as well.
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| 31. |
- Tammaru, Tiit, et al.
(författare)
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Learning through contact? : The effects on earnings of immigrant exposure to the native population
- 2010
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Ingår i: Environment and planning A. - : SAGE Publications. - 0308-518X .- 1472-3409. ; 42:12, s. 2938-2955
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Factors influencing immigrant labour-market outcomes have received increased scholarly attention lately. A recent research focus has been the effects of residential setting on labour market outcomes. This study brings a new dimension to this emerging body of research, introducing the role played by workplace composition, in addition to place of residence, in immigrant earnings. Based on Swedish longitudinal register data, OLS regression is used to examine effects of previous exposure to natives on earnings in three immigrant cohorts (1990, 1995 and 2000) five years after arrival. Besides controlling for individual characteristics and various labour-market attributes, a two-step Heckman correction procedure is applied to take into account the selectivity of entering the Swedish labour market. The main finding of the study is that exposure to the native population at the workplace is more important than residential exposure for predicting immigrant earnings.
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| 32. |
- Tano, Sofia, 1982-, et al.
(författare)
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Labour income effects of the recent "mining boom" in northern Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: Resources policy. - : Elsevier. - 0301-4207 .- 1873-7641. ; 49, s. 31-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the early 21st century, the world market prices for minerals increased dramatically. As a consequence of this development, large investments were made in mining all around the world. Increased exploration activities, the opening of new mines and large investment schemes in already operating mines and related physical infrastructure also gave rise to a “mining boom” in the remote and sparsely populated areas of northern Sweden. New jobs were generated in the mining sector, but the question of whether the “mining boom” also has stimulated economic development in a broader sense in these areas has been more open. The present article investigated whether labour incomes have increased not only in sectors clearly connected to mining, but also in other parts of the local and regional economy. This was done by following the income changes of residents in the mining areas of northern Sweden over the time period 2004–2010 and by using a propensity score matching estimator method (PSM). The results show rapid income growth for employees in the mining industry and construction sectors, but also some growth in several other sectors, indicating spread effects to the rest of the local and regional economies. The impact, however, is much stronger in the largest mining towns than in communities where mining is of less significance.
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| 33. |
- Thellbro, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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Visualizing the Forest in a Boreal Forest Landscape : The Perspective of Swedish Municipal Comprehensive Planning
- 2017
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Ingår i: Forests. - Basel : MDPI. - 1999-4907. ; 8:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- At the international policy level, there is a clear link between access to information about forests and the work towards sustainable land use. However, involving forests in planning for sustainable development (SuD) at the Swedish local level, by means of municipal comprehensive planning (MCP), is complicated by sector structure and legislation. Currently, there is a gap or hole in the MCP process when it comes to use and access to knowledge about forest conditions and forest land use. This hole limits the possibilities to formulate well-informed municipal visions and goals for sustainable forest land use as well as for overall SuD. Here we introduce an approach for compilation and presentation of geographic information to increase the preconditions for integrating forest information into Swedish MCP. We produce information about forest ownership patterns and forest conditions in terms of age and significant ecological and social values in forests for a case study municipality. We conclude that it is possible to effectively compile geographic and forest-related information to fill the hole in the municipal land use map. Through our approach, MCP could bestrengthened as a tool for overall land use planning and hence as a base in SuD planning.
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| 34. |
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