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| 11. |
- Balldin, J, et al.
(författare)
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A 6-month controlled naltrexone study: Combined effect with cognitive behavioral therapy in outpatient treatment of alcohol dependence
- 2003
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Ingår i: Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research. - 0145-6008 .- 1530-0277. ; 11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In several studies, patients with alcohol dependence treated with the opioid antagonist naltrexone have shown fewer relapses to heavy drinking than those receiving placebo. An interaction between the naltrexone effect and the type of psychological therapy has been observed. Methods: A 6-month, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study was performed at 10 different investigation sites. After a placebo run-in period of 1 week, 118 patients were randomized into 4 treatment groups—50 mg of naltrexone daily or placebo in combination with either cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) or supportive therapy. The CBT was performed over nine sessions according to the manual of Project MATCH (Matching Alcoholism Treatments to Client Heterogeneity). The supportive therapy was defined as "the treatment as usual." Alcohol consumption, craving, carbohydrate-deficient transferrin, medication compliance by tablet count, and adverse clinical events were assessed at all visits. Other liver enzymes and psychiatric symptoms were also determined. Results: Ninety-one (77%) patients completed the study, and 92 (78%) were 80% compliant with the medication regimen. A lower percentage of heavy-drinking days was shown in the naltrexone group (p = 0.045) compared with the placebo group, as was a lower craving score (p = 0.029). These results are supported by the lower levels of liver enzyme activities (p < 0.010 for aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, and γ-glutamyltransferase), but not by the carbohydrate-deficient transferrin levels, in the naltrexone group. The mean time period before the first day of heavy drinking was longer for the group treated with CBT (p = 0.010), especially in combination with naltrexone (p = 0.007). Naltrexone was well tolerated, and no patients discontinued the study due to side effects. Conclusions: This study supports the effect of naltrexone in outpatient treatment of alcohol dependence and suggests that a beneficial interaction effect with CBT can be expected.
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| 12. |
- Keller, Jan, et al.
(författare)
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Wide-gap (Ag,Cu)(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells with different buffer materials—A path to a better heterojunction
- 2020
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Ingår i: Progress in Photovoltaics. - : Wiley. - 1062-7995 .- 1099-159X. ; 28:4, s. 237-250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This contribution concerns the effect of the Ag content in wide-gap AgwCu1-wIn1-xGaxSe2 (ACIGS) absorber films and its impact on solar cell performance. First-principles calculations are conducted, predicting trends in absorber band gap energy (Eg) and band structure across the entire compositional range (w and x). It is revealed that a detrimental negative conduction band offset (CBO) with a CdS buffer can be avoided for all possible absorber band gap values (Eg = 1.0–1.8 eV) by adjusting the Ag alloying level. This opens a new path to reduce interface recombination in wide-gap chalcopyrite solar cells. Indeed, corresponding samples show a clear increase in open-circuit voltage (VOC) if a positive CBO is created by sufficient Ag addition. A further extension of the beneficial compositional range (positive CBO at buffer/ACIGS interface) is possible when exchanging CdS with Zn1-ySnyOz, because of its lower electron affinity (χ). Nevertheless, the experimental results strongly suggest that at present, residual interface recombination still limits the performance of solar cells with optimized CBO, which show an efficiency of up to 15.1% for an absorber band gap of Eg = 1.45 eV.
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| 14. |
- Perers, Bengt, et al.
(författare)
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Solceller 1996
- 1996
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Tobin, N. P., et al.
(författare)
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Molecular subtype and tumor characteristics of breast cancer metastases as assessed by gene expression significantly influence patient post-relapse survival
- 2015
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Ingår i: Annals of Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1569-8041 .- 0923-7534. ; 26:1, s. 81-88
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We and others have recently shown that tumor characteristics are altered throughout tumor progression. These findings emphasize the need for re-examination of tumor characteristics at relapse and have led to recommendations from ESMO and the Swedish Breast Cancer group. Here, we aim to determine whether tumor characteristics and molecular subtypes in breast cancer metastases confer clinically relevant prognostic information for patients. The translational aspect of the Swedish multicenter randomized trial called TEX included 111 patients with at least one biopsy from a morphologically confirmed locoregional or distant breast cancer metastasis diagnosed from December 2002 until June 2007. All patients had detailed clinical information, complete follow-up, and metastasis gene expression information (Affymetrix array GPL10379). We assessed the previously published gene expression modules describing biological processes [proliferation, apoptosis, human epidermal receptor 2 (HER2) and estrogen (ER) signaling, tumor invasion, immune response, and angiogenesis] and pathways (Ras, MAPK, PTEN, AKT-MTOR, PI3KCA, IGF1, Src, Myc, E2F3, and beta-catenin) and the intrinsic subtypes (PAM50). Furthermore, by contrasting genes expressed in the metastases in relation to survival, we derived a poor metastasis survival signature. A significant reduction in post-relapse breast cancer-specific survival was associated with low-ER receptor signaling and apoptosis gene module scores, and high AKT-MTOR, Ras, and beta-catenin module scores. Similarly, intrinsic subtyping of the metastases provided statistically significant post-relapse survival information with the worst survival outcome in the basal-like [hazard ratio (HR) 3.7; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3-10.9] and HER2-enriched (HR 4.4; 95% CI 1.5-12.8) subtypes compared with the luminal A subtype. Overall, 25% of the metastases were basal-like, 32% HER2-enriched, 10% luminal A, 28% luminal B, and 5% normal-like. We show that tumor characteristics and molecular subtypes of breast cancer metastases significantly influence post-relapse patient survival, emphasizing that molecular investigations at relapse provide prognostic and clinically relevant information.
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| 19. |
- Azimi, A, et al.
(författare)
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Silencing FLI or targeting CD13/ANPEP lead to dephosphorylation of EPHA2, a mediator of BRAF inhibitor resistance, and induce growth arrest or apoptosis in melanoma cells
- 2017
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Ingår i: Cell death & disease. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-4889. ; 8:8, s. e3029-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A majority of patients with BRAF-mutated metastatic melanoma respond to therapy with BRAF inhibitors (BRAFi), but relapses are common owing to acquired resistance. To unravel BRAFi resistance mechanisms we have performed gene expression and mass spectrometry based proteome profiling of the sensitive parental A375 BRAF V600E-mutated human melanoma cell line and of daughter cell lines with induced BRAFi resistance. Increased expression of two novel resistance candidates, aminopeptidase-N (CD13/ANPEP) and ETS transcription factor FLI1 was observed in the BRAFi-resistant daughter cell lines. In addition, increased levels of the previously reported resistance mediators, receptor tyrosine kinase ephrine receptor A2 (EPHA2) and the hepatocyte growth factor receptor MET were also identified. The expression of these proteins was assessed in matched tumor samples from melanoma patients obtained before BRAFi and after disease progression. MET was overexpressed in all progression samples while the expression of the other candidates varied between the individual patients. Targeting CD13/ANPEP by a blocking antibody induced apoptosis in both parental A375- and BRAFi-resistant daughter cells as well as in melanoma cells with intrinsic BRAFi resistance and led to dephosphorylation of EPHA2 on S897, previously demonstrated to cause inhibition of the migratory capacity. AKT and RSK, both reported to induce EPHA2 S897 phosphorylation, were also dephosphorylated after inhibition of CD13/ANPEP. FLI1 silencing also caused decreases in EPHA2 S897 phosphorylation and in total MET protein expression. In addition, silencing of FLI1 sensitized the resistant cells to BRAFi. Furthermore, we show that BRAFi in combination with the multi kinase inhibitor dasatinib can abrogate BRAFi resistance and decrease both EPHA2 S897 phosphorylation and total FLI1 protein expression. This is the first report presenting CD13/ANPEP and FLI1 as important mediators of resistance to BRAF inhibition with potential as drug targets in BRAFi refractory melanoma.
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| 20. |
- Bayrak Pehlivan, Ilknur, et al.
(författare)
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Scalable and thermally-integrated solar water-splitting modules using Ag-doped Cu(In,Ga)Se2 and NiFe layered double hydroxide nanocatalysts
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 10:22, s. 12079-12091
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photovoltaic (PV) electrolysis is an important and powerful technology for environmentally-friendly fuel production based on solar energy. By directly coupling solar cell materials to electrochemical systems to perform water electrolysis, solar energy can be converted into hydrogen fuel utilizing locally-generated heat and avoid losses from DC-DC convertors and power grid transmission. Although there have been significant contributions to the photoelectrochemical and PV-electrolysis field using isolated laboratory cells, the capacity to upscale and retain high levels of efficiency in larger modules remains a critical issue for widespread use and application. In this study, we develop thermally-integrated, solar-driven water-splitting device modules using AgCu(In,Ga)Se2 (ACIGS) and an alkaline electrolyzer system with NiFe-layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanocatalysts with devices of 82-100 cm2 area. The Ga-content in the ACIGS solar cells is tuned to achieve an optimal voltage for the catalyst system, and the average efficiencies and durability of the PV-electrolyzer were tested in up to seven-day indoor and 21 day outdoor operations. We achieved a solar-to-hydrogen (STH) module efficiency of 13.4% from gas volume measurements for the system with a six-cell CIGS-electrolyzer module with an active area of 82.3 cm2 and a 17.27% PV module efficiency under 100 mW cm−2 illumination, and thus 77% electricity-to-hydrogen efficiency at one full sun. Outdoor tests under mid-Europeen winter conditions exhibited an STH efficiency between 10 and 11% after the initial activation at the installation site in Jülich, Germany, in December 2020, despite challenging outdoor-test weather conditions, including sub-zero temperatures.
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| 21. |
- Bayrak Pehlivan, Ilknur, et al.
(författare)
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The climatic response of thermally integrated photovoltaic-electrolysis water splitting using Si and CIGS combined with acidic and alkaline electrolysis
- 2020
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Ingår i: Sustainable Energy & Fuels. - : ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY. - 2398-4902. ; 4:12, s. 6011-6022
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Horizon 2020 project PECSYS aims to build a large area demonstrator for hydrogen production from solar energy via integrated photovoltaic (PV) and electrolysis systems of different types. In this study, Si- and CIGS-based photovoltaics are developed together with three different electrolyzer systems for use in the corresponding integrated devices. The systems are experimentally evaluated and a general model is developed to investigate the hydrogen yield under real climatic conditions for various thin film and silicon PV technologies and electrolyser combinations. PV characteristics using a Si heterojunction (SHJ), thin film CuInxGa1-xSe2, crystalline Si with passivated emitter rear totally diffused and thin film Si are used together with temperature dependent catalyst load curves from both acidic and alkaline approaches. Electrolysis data were collected from (i) a Pt-IrO2-based acidic electrolysis system, and (ii) NiMoW-NiO-based and (iii) Pt-Ni foam-based alkaline electrolysis systems. The calculations were performed for mid-European climate data from Julich, Germany, which will be the installation site. The best systems show an electricity-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of 74% and over 12% solar-to-hydrogen (STH) efficiencies using both acidic and alkaline approaches and are validated with a smaller lab scale prototype. The results show that the lower power delivered by all the PV technologies under low irradiation is balanced by the lower demand for overpotentials for all the electrolysis approaches at these currents, with more or less retained STH efficiency over the full year if the catalyst area is the same as the PV area for the alkaline approach. The total yield of hydrogen, however, follows the irradiance, where a yearly hydrogen production of over 35 kg can be achieved for a 10 m(2) integrated PV-electrolysis system for several of the PV and electrolyser combinations that also allow a significant (100-fold) reduction in necessary electrolyser area for the acidic approach. Measuring the catalyst systems under intermittent and ramping conditions with different temperatures, a 5% lowering of the yearly hydrogen yield is extracted for some of the catalyst systems while the Pt-Ni foam-based alkaline system showed unaffected or even slightly increased yearly yield under the same conditions.
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| 23. |
- Buker, O., et al.
(författare)
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Metrological support for LNG custody transfer and transport
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 17th International Flow Measurement Conference (FLOMEKO 2016).
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the framework of the ongoing EMRP Joint Research Project (JRP) ENG 60 “Metrology for LNG” (2014-2017), co-funded by the European Union, a number of metrological challenges associated with custody transfer and transport of LNG will be faced. The project consists of four technical work packages (WP), whereby the main objective is to reduce the measurement uncertainty of LNG custody transfer by a factor two. The focus in WP1 is the design and development of a traceable mid-scale calibration standard for LNG mass and volume flow. The goal is to provide traceable mass and volume flow calibrations up to 400 m3/h (180000 kg/h). In WP2, the emphasis is on the development and validation of a LNG sampling and composition measurement reference standard, consisting of sampler, vaporizer, gas standards, and gas chromatography (GC), which will be used to test and calibrate commercially available LNG sampling and composition measurement systems. The priority in WP3 is given to the development and validation of a method for the determination of the methane number, including correlations based on the LNG composition and corrections for traces of nitrogen and higher hydrocarbons. Since physical properties and quantities play an important role in LNG custody transfer, WP4 comprises reference quality density measurements of LNG to validate and improve models for LNG density predictions, the uncertainty evaluation of enthalpy and calorific value calculations and the development of a novel cryogenic sensor for the simultaneous measurement of speed-of-sound and density. The present paper gives an overview of recently achieved objectives within the project and provides an outlook to future activities.
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| 25. |
- HUDNER, J, et al.
(författare)
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PREPARATION OF YBA2CU3O7-X FILMS AND YBA2CU3O7-X/Y2O3 MULTILAYERS USING COEVAPORATION AND ATOMIC OXYGEN
- 1993
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 73, s. 3096-3098
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thin layers of YBa2Cu3O7-x (YBCO) deposited on LaAlO3 substrates have been prepared in situ by coevaporation of Y, Ba, and Cu. Incorporation of oxygen was accomplished by an atomic oxygen beam source with high cracking efficiency. The total oxygen flow at the substrate could be kept low enough to permit the use of a quadrupole mass spectrometer for evaporation rate monitoring. Films were strongly c-axis oriented with rocking curve full width at half-maximum values of 0.6-degrees. Transport measurements on patterned films yielded critical current densities of 6 x 10(6) A/cm2 at 77 K. The deposition method was demonstrated to be feasible for preparation of Y2O3/YBCO heterostructures.
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| 31. |
- Rivalta, F., et al.
(författare)
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Effect of scanning strategy in the l‐pbf process of 18ni300 maraging steel
- 2021
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Ingår i: Metals. - : MDPI. - 2075-4701. ; 11:5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Maraging steels are good candidates for the laser powder bed fusion process (L‐PBF), also known as Selective Laser Melting, due to excellent weldability and resistance to quench cracking. Powders physical and chemical characteristics dominate the final microstructure and properties of the printed parts, that are also heavily influenced by the process parameters. In this study, the effects of the scanning strategies on dimensions, average surface roughness, density and material hardness were evaluated, keeping the powder type and the volumetric energy density (Andrew number) constant. The effects of the scanning strategy on these properties are far less understood than on other important ones, like residual stresses and distortion, strongly affected by the scanning strategy. In this study, parallel stripes, chessboard and hexagonal pattern strategies were studied, keeping the Andrew number constant but varying the interlayer rotation. In general, the hexagonal strategy underperformed compared to the chessboard and the stripes ones.
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| 32. |
- SCHEER, R, et al.
(författare)
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DEPTH-DEPENDENT COLLECTION FUNCTIONS IN THIN-FILM CHALCOPYRITE SOLAR-CELLS
- 1995
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Ingår i: APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS. - : AMER INST PHYSICS. - 0003-6951. ; 67:20, s. 3007-3009
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Electron beam induced current experiments in the planar geometry are performed on Mo/CuInX(2)/CdS/ZnO thin film solar cells where X is S, Se. We measure the collection efficiency of cells as a function of the beam energy and subsequently identify the dept
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| 34. |
- Stolt-Bergner, Peggy, et al.
(författare)
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Baculovirus-driven protein expression in insect cells : A benchmarking study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Structural Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1047-8477. ; 203:2, s. 71-80
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Baculovirus-insect cell expression system has become one of the most widely used eukaryotic expression systems for heterologous protein production in many laboratories. The availability of robust insect cell lines, serum-free media, a range of vectors and commercially-packaged kits have supported the demand for maximizing the exploitation of the baculovirus-insect cell expression system. Naturally, this resulted in varied strategies adopted by different laboratories to optimize protein production. Most laboratories have preference in using either the E. coli transposition-based recombination bacmid technology (e.g. Bac-to-Bac®) or homologous recombination transfection within insect cells (e.g. flashBAC™). Limited data is presented in the literature to benchmark the protocols used for these baculovirus vectors to facilitate the selection of a system for optimal production of target proteins. Taking advantage of the Protein Production and Purification Partnership in Europe (P4EU) scientific network, a benchmarking initiative was designed to compare the diverse protocols established in thirteen individual laboratories. This benchmarking initiative compared the expression of four selected intracellular proteins (mouse Dicer-2, 204 kDa; human ABL1 wildtype, 126 kDa; human FMRP, 68 kDa; viral vNS1-H1, 76 kDa). Here, we present the expression and purification results on these proteins and highlight the significant differences in expression yields obtained using different commercially-packaged baculovirus vectors. The highest expression level for difficult-to-express intracellular protein candidates were observed with the EmBacY baculovirus vector system.
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| 36. |
- Suhonen, Riitta, et al.
(författare)
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Hospitalised cancer patients' perceptions of individualised nursing care in four European countries
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cancer Care. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0961-5423 .- 1365-2354. ; 27:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to describe hospitalised cancer patients' perceptions of individualised care in four European countries and compare these perceptions using the patients' socio-demographic characteristics and the Individualized Care Scale. The patients' socio-demographic characteristics used were: education, age, gender, type of hospital admission, previous hospitalisation and hospital length of stay. The Individualized Care Scale has two parts (1) nurses' support of individuality and (2) patients' receipt of individuality. Data (n = 599) were collected in Cyprus (n = 150), Finland (n = 158), Greece (n = 150) and Sweden (n = 141). Multivariate analysis of variance models were constructed and differences in perceptions of individualised care were analysed using the patients' socio-demographic characteristics as covariates. The level of support for individuality and receipt of individualised care was reported as moderate and good respectively. Generally, the highest assessments were made by the Swedish respondents and the lowest by those in Greece. This study revealed some between-country differences in patients' perceptions of care individualisation. These differences, for example, conceptual, educational, based in clinical practice or in the health organisation, require further research. Enquiry into the individualised care perceptions of health care providers and the families of cancer patients would also be useful.
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| 38. |
- Zhou, Qi, et al.
(författare)
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Copolymer, modified polymer carbohydrate material, modified buld polymer, composite material, and methods of preparation
- 2006
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Patent (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- The present invention relates to a novel group of copolymers comprising a soluble carbohydrate polymer (SCP), which typically is a non-starch carbohydrate, and a macromolecule covalently attached to the SCP. The macromolecule may e.g. be a hydrophobic copolymer, a polyelectrolyte polymer or a biodegradable polymer. The present invention furthermore relates to a method of preparing the copolymer, products comprising the copolymer, and to methods of preparing the products comprising the copolymer. The products comprising a copolymer are for example a polymeric carbohydrate material (PCM) modified by attachment of a copolymer, and a composite material comprising the modified PCM.
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