| 1. |
- Ansell, Anders, et al.
(author)
-
Durability of shotcrete tunnel linings due to steel fibre corrosion in cracks
- 2020
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Steel fibre reinforcement in homogenous, intact, wet-mix shotcrete show an excellent durability against corrosion. The alkaline concrete environment gives good protection but the relatively thin shotcrete layers may crack due to shrinkage and other deformations. Durability requirements today often demands service-life of more than 100 years, which is not realistic with a maintained load-bearing capacity. Special measures must therefore be taken in the design of shotcrete rock support, such as addition of extra amount of fibres if the shotcrete is cracked or increased structural thickness, which is here demonstrated with examples. Due to the complex situation with requirements on service-life, climate impact and cost-efficiency, the design of future shotcrete supports will be optimized based on life cycle and life cycle cost analyses.
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Strömberg, Larissa
(author)
-
Application of workshop technique to sustainable design
- 2005
-
In: the Proceedings of the SB05 Tokyo. ; , s. 1157-1162
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- "Sustainability" is only one of the many new definitions in the coating industry over last decade, but one, which has the greatest potential to affect change. To achieve sustainable development we must consider all kind of coatings impact into the environment, including environmental economic and social load. This kind of conceptual thinking can be applied at any level and for any decision-making process. The workshop method, developed in this study, expedites the selection of coating during conceptual design by developing a set of expressions that relate coating technical performance indicators (colour change, flaking, etc.) to environmental and economic impacts. These performance-based relationships provide a common ground for choosing among similarly functioning coating systems and provide insight for minimizing the environmental burdens. This paper has also described the process of testing a workshop technique for involving stakeholders and decision makers in generating "sustainable design" for exterior wood coatings. In this sense, the workshop method developed in this study is a tool in this process. One important element in the process of policy formulation in any workshop method is procedural justice, which is based on the multiple criteria analysis here.
|
|
| 6. |
- Strömberg, Larissa
(author)
-
Conceptual Framework for Calculation of ClimatePerformance with Pre-verified LCA-Tools
- 2017
-
In: Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture. - : David Publishing Company. - 1934-7359 .- 1934-7367. ; 11, s. 29-37
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article proposes the use of current European standards and verification rules for EPDs (environmental product declarations) as a basis for evaluating the climate impact of contractors’ alternative designs of infrastructural projects. The proposed conceptual framework for verified climate calculations is based on the Swedish-based, the International EPD® System. Several Swedish and Norwegian stakeholders were engaged in this joint project to understand driving forces and obstacles and provide key insights for the successful implementation of the framework for a transparent and comparable assessment of climate impact from alternative design options. In order to perform a sharp test of some main hypothesizes, the project participants tested the proposed framework in bridge and roads projects.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
- Strömberg, Larissa
(author)
-
Integrated life-cycle design of coatings on exterior wood : Part 2: Life-cycle assessment
- 2004
-
In: Surface Coatings International Part B - Coatings Transactions. - 1476-4865 .- 1742-0261. ; 87:3, s. 211-220
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study has shown that the environmental impact from the various studied coatings are the dependent criteria on their service lives. The dependence of these criteria has been studied with the help of the integrated design model, developed in this study especially for coatings on exterior wood. The integrated design for the overall performance showed that the water-borne acrylic coating and the water-borne acrylic stain are the best choice as regards the environmental impact and durability of the coatings. The discussed surface coating systems were a solvent-borne alkyd coating, a water-borne acrylic coating, a water-borne acrylic stain, a solvent-borne alkyd stain and alkyd oil.
|
|
| 10. |
- Strömberg, Larissa, et al.
(author)
-
Integrated life-cycle design of coatings on exterior wood : Part 1: Service life planning
- 2004
-
In: Surface Coatings International Part B - Coatings Transactions. - 1476-4865 .- 1742-0261. ; 87:2, s. 121-125
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this study, the statistical distribution of the reference service life of exterior wood coatings has been calculated for two coating systems: an alkyd oil and a solvent-borne alkyd (stain). The estimated service life has been evaluated, based on exposure tests and on the assessment of experts for another three coating systems (namely a solvent-borne alkyd coating, a water-borne acrylic coating, and a water-borne acrylic stain). It has been shown that the combination of a standard procedure for the measurement of cracking and statistical tools, such as reliability-based methodologies, for predicting the service life of coating systems gives more information regarding reference service life data than purely by a measurement of cracking.
|
|
| 11. |
- Strömberg, Larissa, et al.
(author)
-
LCA application to Russian conditions
- 2002
-
In: The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. - 0948-3349 .- 1614-7502. ; 7:6, s. 349-357
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The environmental impact assessment existing in the Russian Federation at the present moment cannot provide potential scenarios of consequences for the environment from examined processes, since its goal is to calculate the money equivalent of emissions to the environment. Also, it cannot help the environmental specialist to choose the most environmentally sustainable scenario or process, proceeding from the whole life cycle of the object, because it is usually performed only for the use phase of an object. This study also aims to show possibilities for applying LCA methodology, as accepted in the ISO standards series 14040, and as applied to Russian conditions. The main purpose was to investigate a possibility of using the existing environmental impact assessment as the inventory stage in the LCA. As the minor goal, normalisation and weighting factor data for the Russian Federation were calculated on the basis of energy consumption extrapolation. In this paper, the environmental impacts are associated with a sewage wastewater facility. The inventory analysis is performed with data obtained from the MosvodokanalNIIproject (Moscow Research Institute for sewage wastewater treatment facilities) and supplemented with the SimaPro 5.0 database (the Netherlands). The environmental impact categories included and discussed in this study are eutrophication, global warming, landfill, acidification, ozone layer depletion and photochemical ozone creation. This study was performed for several design alternatives or scenarios of the wastewater facility. According to the LCA performed in this study, the most environmentally sustainable scenario is that which has the most effective and complicated treatment of sewage water and sludge.
|
|
| 12. |
- Strömberg, Larissa, et al.
(author)
-
Making Concrete Pavements Competitive by Using the Standardized Framework for Comparisons of Infrastructure Projects in Terms of Cost-Efficiency and Climate Impact
- 2020
-
In: Nordic Concrete Research. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0800-6377 .- 2545-2819. ; 62:1, s. 21-39
-
Review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- espite the new Swedish client requirement to reduce the climate impact from the construction of roads, there has been relatively little research so far on how the optimization measures regarding the environmental impact of road pavements can be integrated in the traditional design. An increase in axle weights, changes of the traditional ways of travel, e.g. the use of automated and guided vehicles, and stricter customer requirements on reducing the climate impact require new approaches to steer the road and pavement industry towards more climate neutral solutions. This paper analyzes the latest standards for sustainability assessment of engineering works in an attempt to adjust these standards for assessing various road design options in a comparable and fair way, also when various materials are included.
|
|
| 13. |
- Strömberg, Larissa, et al.
(author)
-
Optimization parameter sets for sustainable concrete in tunnels
- 2019
-
In: ISEC 2019 - 10th International Structural Engineering and Construction Conference. - : ISEC Press.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Public and private clients are beginning to set complex optimization requirements, taking into consideration environmental and cost-efficiency parameters over the built construction’s lifetime. The early design process is currently irreversible, and this makes it difficult to change a concrete structure in the later detailed design stage, when more accurate information is available regarding environmental impact and life-cycle costs. There is a dilemma in complying with existing standards to achieve technical requirements while optimizing a concrete structure in order to reduce the climate impact. The long-term goal of the project is to develop a new theoretical concept for dynamic optimization strategies which can be applicable to the early design, the client-requirement preparation, the detailed design, the production and the follow-up stages. This paper presents the results of the up-start phase of the project. The work has focused on the identification of current practice regarding clients’ requirements for technical, environmental and cost-efficiency parameters. An analysis of these requirements with sprayed concrete (shotcrete) in a number of ongoing projects has led to the identification of optimization parameter sets. The project has also shown how the physical values of those parameters can be collected from existing statistics, experience recovery databases and previous project requirements, or calculated according to standardized methods and tools. The concept developed will be used in a demonstrative modeling in the next project step.
|
|
| 14. |
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
- Yaqoob, Saima
(author)
-
Concrete pavements’ repair techniques and numerical assessment of dowel bar load transfer efficiency
- 2024
-
Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Concrete pavements are a suitable alternative for high-traffic volume roads, concentrated loads and roads exposed to severe weather conditions. In Sweden, among other reasons, the scarcity of concrete pavements is attributed to the need for more national knowledge and expertise in the field. The most recent concrete pavement was constructed seventeen years ago in Uppsala. Concrete pavements are renowned for their longevity and durability. Jointed plain concrete pavements (JPCP) are the most frequent type of concrete pavements. However, it is important to note that the joints in concrete pavements are critical components that can lead to various distresses, necessitating rehabilitation. Rehabilitating concrete pavements is particularly challenging in areas with heavy traffic and requires substitute routes because of the imperative to maintain traffic flow during construction. Developing effective detours might involve significant alterations to the existing routes or building temporary roads, which entails substantial cost investment and time consumption.A literature review has been conducted to study the available methods that can be used to repair concrete pavements. The strategy for selecting a repair technique is based on rehabilitating the concrete pavement within a short work window, deterring traffic congestion and ensuring the long service life of the pavements. The study showed that the precast concrete technology based on the precast slab is a promising technology that effectively shortens the lane closure for repairing damaged pavements and produces durable pavements, thereby extending the service life of pavements. However, the construction or rehabilitation cost of concrete pavement using precast slabs is 1.6 to 4 times higher than that of conventional cast-in-place concrete. Therefore, rehabilitation using precast slabs is inappropriate for low-traffic roads and temporary routes.Joints are crucial for the rehabilitation of concrete pavements with precast slabs. The structural performance of concrete pavement is, however, greatly affected by the joints, as the presence of joints creates a discontinuity between adjacent slabs and thus diminishes the load transfer to the abutting slab. To maintain the structural integrity of the pavement system, dowel bars are used at the transverse joints.A numerical study has been conducted to evaluate the influence of various dowel-related parameters on the interaction between adjacent concrete slabs. The study revealed that the dowel bar’s position, mislocation and diameter had an obvious effect on joint efficiency, while the bond between the concrete slab and the dowel bar slightly affected the load transfer efficiency. It was also investigated that the dowel bar’s intended performance, i.e., load transfer efficiency, was reduced as the joint gap between adjacent slabs increased.
|
|
| 17. |
- Yaqoob, Saima, et al.
(author)
-
Evaluation of Rapid Repair of Concrete Pavements Using Precast Concrete Technology : A Sustainable and Cost-Effective Solution
- 2021
-
In: Nordic Concrete Research. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0800-6377 .- 2545-2819. ; 65:2, s. 107-128
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Concrete and asphalt are the two competitive materials for a highway. In Sweden, the predominant material for the highway system is asphalt. But under certain conditions, concrete pavements are competitive alternatives. For example, concrete pavements are suitable for high-traffic volume roads, roads in tunnels, concentrated loads (e.g., bus stops and industrial pavement). Besides the load-carrying capacity, the concrete pavement has many advantages such as durability (wear resistance), resistance against frost heave, environment (pollution, recycling, and low rolling resistance leading to fuel savings), fire resistance, noise limitations, brightness, evenness and aesthetics. Concrete pavements are long-lasting but need final repair. Single slabs may crack in the jointed concrete pavement due to various structural and non-structural factors. Repair and maintenance operations are, therefore, necessary to increase the service life of the structures. To avoid extended lane closures, prevent traffic congestions, and expedite the pavement construction process, precast concrete technology is a recent innovative construction method that can meet the requirement of rapid construction and rehabilitation of the pavement. This paper evaluates rapid repair techniques of concrete pavement using precast concrete technology by analysing three case studies on jointed precast concrete pavements. The study showed that the required amount of time to re-open the pavement to traffic is dramatically reduced with jointed precast concrete panels.
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
