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1.	Bourdieu, Pierre, et al. (författare) Leve idrottspedagogiken : En vänbok tillägnad Lars-Magnus Engström 2005 Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Vem ägnar sig åt idrott? Vilken betydelse har fritiden i barns och ungdomars liv? Vad innebär hälsa i skolämnet idrott och hälsa?Leve idrottspedagogiken! tillägnas Lars-Magnus Engström. Texterna i boken speglar delar av det idrottspedagogiska forskningsområdet i Sverige, vars framväxt Lars-Magnus Engström varit den främste företrädaren för. Läsaren får här ta del av exempelvis idrottskulturen, fritidskulturen och skolans ämne idrott och hälsa. Genomgående handlar texterna om villkoren för barns och ungdomars deltagane och om de olika lärprocesser som sker i anslutning till idrottsutövning.Lars-Magnus Engström har gjort betydande insatser som forskare och lärare samt som professor vid Lärarhögskolan i Stockholm och vid Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan. I snart fyrtion år har han arbetat med studier kring påverkans- och lärprocesser i idrott. Hans forskning har främst kretsat kring människors idrottsvanor och vilka som utvecklar en fysiskt aktiv livsstil. Idrotts- och motionsutövningar ger både ett så kallat egenvärde och investeringsvärde. Med dessa begrepp bland många andra har Lars-Magnus Engström bidragit till en fördjupad vetenskaplig förståelse av idrottskulturen.De flesta författarna har eller har haft Lars-Magnus Engström som handledare och tillhör forskningsgruppen för pedagogik, idrott och fritidskultur. Redaktörer för boken är Karin Redelius och Håkan Larsson.
2.	Karlsson, Magnus, et al. (författare) Integrerad akvakultur med cellulosaindustri 2018 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Det finns både på global nivå och inom Sverige ett ökande intresse att använda sig av vattenbruk för produktion av livsmedel. I Sverige odlas i relativt liten skala främst fisk, kräftor och musslor. Traditionell odling i dammar, sjöar, vattendrag och kustområden är behäftat med en potentiell negativ miljöpåverkan i form av lokala övergödningseffekter och spridning av antibiotika och andra läkemedelsrester i miljön. Rymlingar från kassodlingar kan också påverka de naturliga bestånden negativt. Det är ett av skälen till att intresset för landbaserad fiskodling i mer slutna system ökat under senare år. I processen att utvinna massa och papper från träråvara genereras ett överskott av lågvärdig värmeenergi och ett restutsläpp av näringsämnen och organiskt material som stimulerar produktionen av bland annat vitfisk i mottagande vattenrecipient. Detta är naturresurser som i dagsläget inte utnyttjas. I det följande redovisas en förstudie syftande till att översiktligt undersöka de tekniska förutsättningarna att lokalisera landbaserad fiskodling i anslutning till pappers- och massabruk och vilka marknads- och miljömässiga fördelar det skulle medföra genom att tillvarata överskottsresurser från vedråvaran. I studien har teoretiska beräkningar av förutsättningarna att samlokalisera ett vattenbruk utförts med tre exempelfabriker representerande olika typer av produktion: 1) Skärblacka bruk, blekt sulfatmassa; 2) Fiskeby board, returpappersbruk; 3) Bravikens pappersbruk, termomekanisk massa. De individuella förutsättningarna vid de olika bruken var avgörande för om det föreslagna processkonceptet är applicerbart. Generellt torde dock anläggningar som producerar kemisk massa vara mest lämpade att integrera med vattenbruk Ett teoretiskt maximum för optimalt utnyttjande av resurser i enlighet erhölls vid en produktionskapacitet i fiskodlingen på 0,4 % av produktionskapaciteten i skogsindustrint. Vid ett bruk som producerar 375 000 årston massa eller papper blir således den optimala fiskproduktionen 1 500 ton/år. Upp till storleksordningen 30 % av en skogsindustris behov av att dosera kväve skulle kunna ersättas med slam bestående av foderrester och fiskfekalier från vattenbruket, vilket innebär en besparing på upp till 100 000 kr/år. Den årliga kostnaden för ett vattenbruk som producerar 500-750 årston fisk har beräknats till 30-40 MSEK, vilket ger ett kilopris för den producerade fisken inom intervallet 50-60 kr. Exempel på arter som skulle kunna bli aktuella i en framtida odling är tilapia, abborre, jätteräka och afrikansk mal. Gemensamt för dessa är att de är så kallade varmvattenarter som behöver tillgång till uppvärmt vatten under större delen av året.
3.	Strand, Thomas, et al. (författare) Caring for patients with spinal metastasis during an MRI examination 2018 Ingår i: Radiography. - London : Elsevier. - 1078-8174 .- 1532-2831. ; 24:1, s. 79-83 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Introduction: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is without question the best tool used for diagnosing and evaluating spinal metastasis. An MRI examination is known to be of great value for the treatment planning and survival of these patients. Radiographers have an important role in how the quality of care is experienced by the patients during an MRI examination. The purpose of the study was to describe the radiographers’ perceptions of caring for patients with spinal metastasis during an examination with MRI.Methods: Phenomenography was used to analyze the data in this study. Ten radiographers, one male and nine females were interviewed about their perception of caring for patients with spinal metastasis during an MRI examination.Results: The findings showed that the radiographers’ caring perspective influenced their approach towards what they consider to be essential in the care of patients with spinal metastasis. This can impact the extent of the adjustment to the care needs of the patients. Furthermore, the findings showed that there was a strong connection between the radiographers’ care approach and preparedness to personalize the care.Conclusion: This study shows that it is important to be flexible when providing care for the patients. A person-centered care is achieved when the caring perspective is based on the patient’s view and adjustments are made in agreement with the patient.
4.	Alanärä, Anders, et al. (författare) FOMA-projekt - Fiskodlingens närsaltsbelastning 2011 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract De huvudsakliga miljöeffekterna från fiskodling är; utsläpp av närsalter och eutrofieringsproblem, rymning av fisk som kan konkurrera med och genetiskt ”förorena” vilda bestånd, samt spridning av sjukdomar från odlad fisk till vild. Fokus i detta projekt har legat på närsalterna, specifikt fosfor och dess effekt på primärproduktionen. Syftet med studien var att (1) klargöra de huvudsakliga närsaltseffekterna av fiskodling genom att systematiskt analysera kontrollprogram, (2) belägga vilka typer av vattenområden som är lämpliga för odling, samt (3) ge förslag till en ny modell för att beräkna lämplig produktionsvolym utifrån ett givet närsaltsutrymme. Av 191 undersökta odlingar uppfyllde 13 odlingar urvalskriterier för att ingå i utvärderingen: odlingen skall ligga i sötvatten (sjö eller kraftverksmagasin), bedrivit verksamhet under minst 10 år, program för recipientkontroll skall finnas tillgängliga, samt att odlingens produktion under perioden skall finnas dokumenterad. I 11 av 13 studerade vattenområden kan vi inte observera någon negativ effekt av fiskodlingens fosforbelastning på vare sig fosfor- eller klorofyllhalter. I fem fall har fosforhalterna tydligt minskat under mätperioden och i sex fall är situationen oförändrad. Endast i två fall kan vi notera en ökning av fosforhalten vid odlingarnas kontrollstationer under mätperioden, vilket avviker från trenden vid referensstationerna. En fullständig analys av fosforbelastningen i respektive område måste dock genomföras innan orsaken till ökningen kan tillskrivas fiskodlingarna. En analys av de parametrar som påverkar odlingspotentialen (ton fisk per år) i respektive område visar att vattenflödet genom systemet och vattnets omsättningstid är av störst betydelse. Tolv av 13 odlingar är lokaliserade i områden påverkade av vattenkraften, d v s ligger i regleringsmagasin som ofta kännetecknas av högt vattenflöde och lång omsättningstid. För en framtida utveckling av svensk fiskodling, föreslås att regleringsmagasin skall vara prioriterade för nyetableringar och ökade tillstånd i befintliga odlingar. Dels för att odlingspotentialen vanligen är god i dessa områden, dels för att miljösituationen i stort är negativt påverkad av regleringen. En ny modell för bedömning av fiskodlingars fosforpåverkan har testats inom ramen för detta projekt. Vi tror att denna modell kan fungera som ett viktigt redskap för skattning av lämplig produktionsvolym vid nya ansökningar om odlingstillstånd, samt vid ansökningar om ökat tillstånd i befintliga odlingar
5.	Alanärä, A, et al. (författare) The energy requirements of percid fish in culture 2015 Ingår i: Biology and Culture of Percid Fishes - Principles and Practices. Kestemont, P. (Ed.). - Dordrecht : Springer. - 9789401772266 ; , s. 353-368 Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract In commercial aquaculture, knowledge about and means for predicting growth rates, feed intake and energy requirements of the farmed animal in different conditions is essential for the viability of the enterprise. As percid fish species are relatively new in culture, there are no models available to estimate the energy requirement of the cultured fish, which in turn limits the opportunities to calculate the required daily feed allowance. Classical bioenergy budgets are often used to describe energy intake in relation to different energy expenditures of fish by quantifying steps where energy expenditures occur. However, in commercial aquaculture the objective is to optimize the output (growth) in relation to the energy intake, e.g. where energy expenditures occur is less important. In this chapter, we put together data from the scientific literature to produce an alternative model for prediction of the daily growth and energy need of percid fish in general and Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) in particular. A practice for calculating the daily feed allowance is presented where local rearing conditions can be taken into account. This makes the model applicable to commercial enterprises and may improve feed management, fish growth and thus economics of the fish farms. This chapter also discusses how factors such as season and culture conditions influence the energy requirements and energy expenditures of the percid fish.
6.	Albertsson, Eva, 1979, et al. (författare) Marin fiskodling på den svenska västkusten: Biologiska förutsättningar : Rapport nummer 1 från Vattenbrukscentrum Väst, Göteborgs universitet 2013 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract I den av regeringen beställda utredningen ”Det växande Vattenbrukslandet” föreslås att ”Göteborgs universitet (GU) tillförs resurser för att fortsätta att utveckla vattenbruksrelaterad forskning när det gäller musslor, ostron och marina fiskarter”. Därför tog under 2011 företrädare inom den odlingsrelaterade fiskforskningen vid Gö- teborgs universitet initiativet till denna studie om förutsättningarna för marin fiskodling. Studien har syftet att utreda de odlingsbiologiska förutsättningarna för etablering av vattenbruk av marina fiskarter på den svenska västkusten. Målet är att den ska kunna användas som kunskapsunderlag för en framtida handlingsplan för fiskodling på västkusten, och främja kunskapsutbytet mellan den fiskodlingsrelaterade forskningen, beslutsfat- tande organ och privata entreprenörer för att utveckla konkurrenskraftiga innovationer inom vattenbruket. En central fråga för sammanhanget är vilka fiskarter det finns potential för att odla på den svenska västkusten. Vattenbruket måste vara ekonomiskt bärkraftigt och en urvalsmodell baserad på svenska marina fiskarters kg- pris i förhållande till en minsta tänkbara produktionskostnad användes därför i denna studie. Vidare bedöm- des arterna utifrån kunskapsläge och odlingspotential. Arterna hälleflundra, tunga, piggvar, havskatt (vanlig och fläckig) samt lyrtorsk och torsk bedömdes att vara ”kandidatarter” för framtida odling i Sverige. För dessa arter gjordes omfattande studier för att vidare utreda behov och möjligheter. Det gjordes även en analys av de abiotiska faktorerna (vattentemperatur, syrgas- och salthalt) på den svenska västkusten. I en sista del av studien kombinerades kunskapen om kandidatarternas biologiska förutsättningar med västkustens abiotiska faktorer. De abiotiska förhållandena på den svenska västkusten är inte odlingsbiologiskt optimala för traditionell nät- kasseodling för någon av de framtagna kandidatarterna, då för höga sommartemperaturer skapar problem för kallvattensarterna medan varmvattensarterna hämmas av de låga vintertemperaturerna. En av de huvudsak- liga slutsatserna i denna rapport är därför att året-runt-bedriven fiskodling i öppna system, såsom i kustnära nätkassar, knappast är praktiskt genomförbart på den svenska västkusten för de arter som i denna studie i övrigt ansågs ha hög odlingspotential. För etablering av framgångsrika odlingssystem behövs speciella tekniska lösningar, som möjliggör reglering av abiotiska faktorer såsom syrgashalter och temperatur. För att Sverige skall kunna bli ett växande vattenbruksland krävs samordnade insatser mellan forskare från flera discipliner, privata aktörer och andra intressenter. Dessutom krävs satsningar på forskning och utredning av de mera tekniskt avancerade odlingssystem som den svenska västkusten kommer behöva. Med tanke på miljöbelastningsproblematiken kring öppna havsbaserade system för fiskodling samt de abiotiska faktorerna längs västkusten som inte är optimala för någon av kandidatarterna i utredningen, så är slutsatsen att man bör undersöka, alternativa odlingssystem till traditionella öppna nätkassar för fiskodling, där man kan kontrollera faktorer som temperatur, salthalt och syrenivåer och minimera utsläppen. Nästa steg som föreslås är att göra en teknisk/ekonomisk utredning kring hållbara havs- eller landbaserade system för marin fiskodling. Utred- ningen bör innehålla fall-studier för en eller två fiskarter och ett kräftdjur och inkludera en myndighetspröv- ning för de framtagna koncepten. Ytterligare en förutsättning för att vattenbruket skall kunna utvecklas är satsningar på nödvändig infrastruktur, som ett marint kläckeri för forskning och utvecklingsarbete.
7.	Alexandersson, Erik, et al. (författare) Tro får inte ersätta vetenskap 2014 Ingår i: Svenska dagbladet. - 1101-2412. Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
8.	Ankele, Elisabeth, et al. (författare) In vivo visualization of Mg-ProtoporphyrinIX, a coordinator of photosynthetic gene expression in the nucleus and the chloroplast 2007 Ingår i: Plant Cell. - Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, USA : National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine. - 1040-4651 .- 1532-298X. ; 19:6, s. 1964-1979 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The photosynthetic apparatus is composed of proteins encoded by genes from both the nucleus and the chloroplast. To ensure that the photosynthetic complexes are assembled stoichiometrically and to enable their rapid reorganization in response to a changing environment, the plastids emit signals that regulate nuclear gene expression to match the status of the plastids. One of the plastid signals, the chlorophyll intermediate Mg-ProtoporphyrinIX (Mg-ProtoIX) accumulates under stress conditions and acts as a negative regulator of photosynthetic gene expression. By taking advantage of the photoreactive property of tetrapyrroles, Mg-ProtoIX could be visualized in the cells using confocal laser scanning spectroscopy. Our results demonstrate that Mg-ProtoIX accumulated both in the chloroplast and in the cytosol during stress conditions. Thus, the signaling metabolite is exported from the chloroplast, transmitting the plastid signal to the cytosol. Our results from the Mg-ProtoIX over- and underaccumulating mutants copper response defect and genome uncoupled5, respectively, demonstrate that the expression of both nuclear- and plastid-encoded photosynthesis genes is regulated by the accumulation of Mg-ProtoIX. Thus, stress-induced accumulation of the signaling metabolite Mg-ProtoIX coordinates nuclear and plastidic photosynthetic gene expression.
9.	Arvidsson, E, et al. (författare) Dalslandskartering : Kartering av ett område mellan sjöarna Lelången och Västra Silen 2005 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
10.	Backlund, Åsa, et al. (författare) Skolsocialt arbete - en angelägenhet för alla? 2012 Ingår i: Socionomen Facktidsskriften för kvalificerat socialt arbete. - Stockholm : Akademikerförbundet SSR. - 0283-1929. ; :2, s. 26-31 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
11.	Barajas-Lopez, Juan de Dios, et al. (författare) PAPP5 is involved in the tetrapyrrole mediated plastid signalling during chloroplast development 2013 Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:3 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The initiation of chloroplast development in the light is dependent on nuclear encoded components. The nuclear genes encoding key components in the photosynthetic machinery are regulated by signals originating in the plastids. These plastid signals play an essential role in the regulation of photosynthesis associated nuclear genes (PhANGs) when proplastids develop into chloroplasts. One of the plastid signals is linked to the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and accumulation of the intermediates the Mg-ProtoIX and its methyl ester Mg-ProtoIX-ME. Phytochrome-Associated Protein Phosphatase 5 (PAPP5) was isolated in a previous study as a putative Mg-ProtoIX interacting protein. In order to elucidate if there is a biological link between PAPP5 and the tetrapyrrole mediated signal we generated double mutants between the Arabidopsis papp5 and the crd mutants. The crd mutant over-accumulates Mg-ProtoIX and Mg-ProtoIX-ME and the tetrapyrrole accumulation triggers retrograde signalling. The crd mutant exhibits repression of PhANG expression, altered chloroplast morphology and a pale phenotype. However, in the papp5crd double mutant, the crd phenotype is restored and papp5crd accumulated wild type levels of chlorophyll, developed proper chloroplasts and showed normal induction of PhANG expression in response to light. Tetrapyrrole feeding experiments showed that PAPP5 is required to respond correctly to accumulation of tetrapyrroles in the cell and that PAPP5 is most likely a component in the plastid signalling pathway down stream of the tetrapyrrole Mg-ProtoIX/Mg-ProtoIX-ME. Inhibition of phosphatase activity phenocopied the papp5crd phenotype in the crd single mutant demonstrating that PAPP5 phosphatase activity is essential to mediate the retrograde signal and to suppress PhANG expression in the crd mutant. Thus, our results suggest that PAPP5 receives an inbalance in the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis through the accumulation of Mg-ProtoIX and acts as a negative regulator of PhANG expression during chloroplast biogenesis and development.
12.	Barajas-Lopez, Juan de Dios, et al. (författare) Plastid-to-nucleus communication, signals controlling the running of the plant cell 2013 Ingår i: Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. Molecular Cell Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-4889 .- 1879-2596. ; 1833:2, s. 425-437 Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract The presence of genes encoding organellar proteins in both the nucleus and the organelle necessitates tight coordination of expression by the different genomes, and this has led to the evolution of sophisticated intracellular signaling networks. Organelle-to-nucleus signaling, or retrograde control, coordinates the expression of nuclear genes encoding organellar proteins with the metabolic and developmental state of the organelle. Complex networks of retrograde signals orchestrate major changes in nuclear gene expression and coordinate cellular activities and assist the cell during plant development and stress responses. It has become clear that, even though the chloroplast depends on the nucleus for its function, plastid signals play important roles in an array of different cellular processes vital to the plant. Hence, the chloroplast exerts significant control over the running of the cell. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Protein Import and Quality Control in Mitochondria and Plastids.
13.	Benedict, Catherine, et al. (författare) The novel enhancer-blocking cis-element DDT is enriched in genes associated with long-term acclimation in Arabidopsis thaliana Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
14.	Bergström, Per, 1980, et al. (författare) Differences in growth patterns among three bivalve species and in relation to exposure and implications for aquaculture and ecological functions 2024 Ingår i: Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science. - 0272-7714. ; 303 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this paper, similarities and differences in growth patterns, measured as changes in soft tissue weight and shell length, among three bivalve species in Sweden (blue mussels, Pacific oysters and European flat oysters) were studied with the aim to achieve information on spatial and temporal variability among these commercially important species. The study showed that there are significant differences in spatial growth pattern between blue mussels and both of the oyster species, where oysters grew faster in more protected locations compared to mussels, which had a generally faster growth in the exposed localities. The weight: length ratio also differed among species, where mussels had a lower ratio compared to oysters. Potential causes of the observed patterns and consequences for bivalve farming as well as implications for ecological functions are discussed. The results are valuable in site-selection processes at both local (individual farmers) and regional/national scales (planning processes etc), and indicates that spatial planning of bivalve aquaculture need inclusion of species specific growth parameters.
15.	Bergström, Per, 1980, et al. (författare) Identifying high‐density areas of oysters using species distribution modeling: Lessons for conservation of the native Ostrea edulis and management of the invasive Magallana ( Crassostrea ) gigas in Sweden 2021 Ingår i: Ecology and Evolution. - : Wiley. - 2045-7758. ; 11:10, s. 5522-5532 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract AimUnderstanding spatial patterns of the distribution of adult native oyster, Ostrea edulis, and the invasive Magallana (Crassostrea) gigas is important for management of these populations. The aim of this study was to use ensemble SDM’s to (a) identify and predict conservation hotspots, (b) assess the current level of protection for O. edulis, and (c) quantify the amount of overlap between the two species where interactions with M. gigas are most likely.LocationSkagerrak, Sweden.MethodsWe used data collected by video at depths from 0.5 to 10 m in 436 sites. Models of occurrence and densities >1 m−2 were fitted and assessed using ensemble methods (“biomod2” package). Models of high-density hotspots were used to predict, map, and quantify areal extent of the species in order to assess the degree of overlap with protected areas and the potential for interactions between the two species.ResultsBoth species were widely distributed in the region. Observations of high-density habitats, mainly occurring at depths of ≈3 and 0.5 m for O. edulis and M. gigas, respectively, were found in 4% and 2% of the sites. Models provided useful predictions for both species (AUC = 0.85–0.99; sensitivity = 0.74–1.0; specificity = 0.72–0.97). High-density areas occupy roughly 15 km2 each with substantial overlap between species. 50% of these are protected only by fisheries regulations, 44% are found in Natura 2000 reserves and 6% of the predicted O. edulis enjoys protection in a national park.Main conclusionsData collection by video in combination with SDM’s provides a realistic approach for large-scale quantification of spatial patterns of marine population and habitats. O. edulis and M. gigas are common in the area, but a large proportion of the most valuable O. edulis habitats are not found in protected areas. The overlap between species suggests that efforts to manage the invasive M. gigas need to be integrated with management actions to conserve the native O. edulis.
16.	Blanco, Nicolas E., et al. (författare) Dual and dynamic intracellular localization of Arabidopsis thaliana SnRK1.1 2019 Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Botany. - : Oxford University Press. - 0022-0957 .- 1460-2431. ; 70:8, s. 2325-2338 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Sucrose non-fermenting 1 (SNF1)-related protein kinase 1.1 (SnRK1.1; also known as KIN10 or SnRK1 alpha) has been identified as the catalytic subunit of the complex SnRK1, the Arabidopsis thaliana homologue of a central integrator of energy and stress signalling in eukaryotes dubbed AMPK/Snf1/SnRK1. A nuclear localization of SnRK1.1 has been previously described and is in line with its function as an integrator of energy and stress signals. Here, using two biological models (Nicotiana benthamiana and Arabidopsis thaliana), native regulatory sequences, different microscopy techniques, and manipulations of cellular energy status, it was found that SnRK1.1 is localized dynamically between the nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This distribution was confirmed at a spatial and temporal level by co-localization studies with two different fluorescent ER markers, one of them being the SnRK1.1 phosphorylation target HMGR. The ER and nuclear localization displayed a dynamic behaviour in response to perturbations of the plastidic electron transport chain. These results suggest that an ER-associated SnRK1.1 fraction might be sensing the cellular energy status, being a point of crosstalk with other ER stress regulatory pathways.
17.	Blanco, Nicolas E., et al. (författare) Interaction between plastid and mitochondrial retrograde signalling pathways during changes to plastid redox status 2014 Ingår i: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Biological Sciences. - : Royal Society Publishing. - 0962-8436 .- 1471-2970. ; 369:1640 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Mitochondria and chloroplasts depend upon each other; photosynthesis provides substrates for mitochondrial respiration and mitochondrial metabolism is essential for sustaining photosynthetic carbon assimilation. In addition, mitochondrial respiration protects photosynthesis against photoinhibition by dissipating excess redox equivalents from the chloroplasts. Genetic defects in mitochondrial function result in an excessive reduction and energization of the chloroplast. Thus, it is clear that the activities of mitochondria and plastids need to be coordinated, but the manner by which the organelles communicate to coordinate their activities is unknown. The regulator of alternative oxidase (rao1) mutant was isolated as a mutant unable to induce AOX1a expression in response to the inhibitor of the mitochondrial cytochrome c reductase (complex III), antimycin A. RAO1 encodes the nuclear localized cyclin-dependent kinase E1 (CDKE1). Interestingly, the rao1 mutant demonstrates a genome uncoupled phenotype also in response to redox changes in the photosynthetic electron transport chain. Thus, CDKE1 was shown to regulate both LIGHT HARVESTING COMPLEX B (LHCB) and ALTERNATIVE OXIDASE 1 (AOX1a) expression in response to retrograde signals. Our results suggest that CDKE1 is a central nuclear component integrating mitochondrial and plastid retrograde signals and plays a role in regulating energy metabolism during the response to stress.
18.	Blomberg, Jeanette, et al. (författare) Pseudomonas syringae infectivity correlates to altered transcript and metabolite levels of Arabidopsis mediator mutants 2024 Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 14:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Rapid metabolic responses to pathogens are essential for plant survival and depend on numerous transcription factors. Mediator is the major transcriptional co-regulator for integration and transmission of signals from transcriptional regulators to RNA polymerase II. Using four Arabidopsis Mediator mutants, med16, med18, med25 and cdk8, we studied how differences in regulation of their transcript and metabolite levels correlate to their responses to Pseudomonas syringae infection. We found that med16 and cdk8 were susceptible, while med25 showed increased resistance. Glucosinolate, phytoalexin and carbohydrate levels were reduced already before infection in med16 and cdk8, but increased in med25, which also displayed increased benzenoids levels. Early after infection, wild type plants showed reduced glucosinolate and nucleoside levels, but increases in amino acids, benzenoids, oxylipins and the phytoalexin camalexin. The Mediator mutants showed altered levels of these metabolites and in regulation of genes encoding key enzymes for their metabolism. At later stage, mutants displayed defective levels of specific amino acids, carbohydrates, lipids and jasmonates which correlated to their infection response phenotypes. Our results reveal that MED16, MED25 and CDK8 are required for a proper, coordinated transcriptional response of genes which encode enzymes involved in important metabolic pathways for Arabidopsis responses to Pseudomonas syringae infections.
19.	Brännäs, Eva, et al. (författare) A test of "nutritional wisdom" in perch (Perca fluviatilis) by self-selection of encapsulated macronutrients 2015 Ingår i: Applied Animal Behaviour Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-1591 .- 1872-9045. ; 171, s. 219-225 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Developing optimal diets based on fish macronutrient requirements is an expensive and laborious task requiring years of research. However, many species of fish can compose a species-specific optimal diet from single source macronutrients in capsules through self-selection. Eurasian perch is a species in which commercial culture is still in development and determination of whether this species can self-select its own diet is still unknown. Twenty-four individually held Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) were trained to eat capsules of three different colours (purple, yellow and white) filled with a commercial diet. The fish exhibited a pronounced preference for the purple capsules. After training, capsules of each colour were then filled with either of three pure macronutrients to subvert the colour bias. There was still a preference of purple capsules which decreased with time. The resulting self-selection of macronutrients showed a significant lower selection of capsules with carbohydrates (17%) but no significant difference between fat (45%) and protein (38%). This self-selected proportion of macronutrients deviates from the recommended diet for farmed perch; 62% protein, 26% carbohydrates and 12% fat. The self-selected mean energy level with commercial feed in the capsules (133.0 +/- 10.6 kJ kg BW-1 day(-1)) filled with the commercial diet was significantly lower than when the capsules were filled with macronutrients (197.0 +/- 24.1 kJ kg BW-1 day(-1)). The perch actively selected against carbohydrates and reduced the number of capsules eaten when offered macronutrients, although not sufficient to keep daily energy intake at a constant level compared to the commercial diet. This result together with the preference for a specific colour implies that self-selection of diet composition may not be a suitable tool for the feed optimization of perch. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
20.	Calderon, Robert H., et al. (författare) How retrograde signaling is intertwined with the evolution of photosynthetic eukaryotes 2021 Ingår i: Current opinion in plant biology. - : Elsevier. - 1369-5266 .- 1879-0356. ; 63 Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract Chloroplasts and mitochondria evolved from free-living prokaryotic organisms that entered the eukaryotic cell through endosymbiosis. The gradual conversion from endosymbiont to organelle during the course of evolution was accompanied by the development of a communication system between the host and the endosymbiont, referred to as retrograde signaling or organelle-to-nucleus signaling. In higher plants, plastid-to-nucleus signaling involves multiple signaling pathways necessary to coordinate plastid function and cellular responses to developmental and environmental stimuli. Phylogenetic reconstructions using sequence information from evolutionarily diverse photosynthetic eukaryotes have begun to provide information about how retrograde signaling pathways were adopted and modified in different lineages over time. A tight communication system was likely a major facilitator of plants conquest of the land because it would have enabled the algal ancestors of land plants to better allocate their cellular resources in response to high light and desiccation, the major stressor for streptophyte algae in a terrestrial habitat. In this review, we aim to give an evolutionary perspective on plastid-to-nucleus signaling.
21.	Crawford, Tim, et al. (författare) Specific functions for Mediator complex subunits from different modules in the transcriptional response of Arabidopsis thaliana to abiotic stress 2020 Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Adverse environmental conditions are detrimental to plant growth and development. Acclimation to abiotic stress conditions involves activation of signaling pathways which often results in changes in gene expression via networks of transcription factors (TFs). Mediator is a highly conserved co-regulator complex and an essential component of the transcriptional machinery in eukaryotes. Some Mediator subunits have been implicated in stress-responsive signaling pathways; however, much remains unknown regarding the role of plant Mediator in abiotic stress responses. Here, we use RNA-seq to analyze the transcriptional response of Arabidopsis thaliana to heat, cold and salt stress conditions. We identify a set of common abiotic stress regulons and describe the sequential and combinatorial nature of TFs involved in their transcriptional regulation. Furthermore, we identify stress-specific roles for the Mediator subunits MED9, MED16, MED18 and CDK8, and putative TFs connecting them to different stress signaling pathways. Our data also indicate different modes of action for subunits or modules of Mediator at the same gene loci, including a co-repressor function for MED16 prior to stress. These results illuminate a poorly understood but important player in the transcriptional response of plants to abiotic stress and identify target genes and mechanisms as a prelude to further biochemical characterization.
22.	Crawford, Tim, et al. (författare) The role of retrograde signals during plant stress responses 2018 Ingår i: Journal of Experimental Botany. - : Oxford University Press. - 0022-0957 .- 1460-2431. ; 69:11, s. 2783-2795 Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract Chloroplast and mitochondria not only provide the energy to the plant cell but due to the sensitivity of organellar processes to perturbations caused by abiotic stress, they are also key cellular sensors of environmental fluctuations. Abiotic stresses result in reduced photosynthetic efficiency and thereby reduced energy supply for cellular processes. Thus, in order to acclimate to stress, plants must re-program gene expression and cellular metabolism to divert energy from growth and developmental processes to stress responses. To restore cellular energy homeostasis following exposure to stress, the activities of the organelles must be tightly co-ordinated with the transcriptional re-programming in the nucleus. Thus, communication between the organelles and the nucleus, so-called retrograde signalling, is essential to direct the energy use correctly during stress exposure. Stress-triggered retrograde signals are mediated by reactive oxygen species and metabolites including beta-cyclocitral, MEcPP (2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 2,4-cyclodiphosphate), PAP (3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphate), and intermediates of the tetrapyrrole biosynthesis pathway. However, for the plant cell to respond optimally to environmental stress, these stress-triggered retrograde signalling pathways must be integrated with the cytosolic stress signalling network. We hypothesize that the Mediator transcriptional co-activator complex may play a key role as a regulatory hub in the nucleus, integrating the complex stress signalling networks originating in different cellular compartments.
23.	Dolmer, Per, et al. (författare) The invasive Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, in Scandinavian coastal waters: A risk assessment on the impact in different habitats and climate conditions 2014 Ingår i: Fisken og havet. - 0071-5638 .- 1894-5031. ; :2 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract A massive invasion of the Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas, has occurred in Scandinavia during the last decade. The introduction and dispersal was described through collaboration between scientists from Sweden, Denmark and Norway. This work has been followed up by national activities that clearly visualized the need for a continued collaboration between scientists in the Scandinavian countries, as the bio-invasion is a cross-border issue and management actions then have to be synchronized, and based on a “state of the art” knowledge of the Scandinavian bio-invasion of the species. The risk assessment presented in this report is based on available scientific literature, expert judgments and data collected during a Nordic collaboration project on Pacific oysters in 2011 – 2013.
24.	Dubreuil, Carole, et al. (författare) A quantitative model of the phytochrome-PIF light signalling initiating chloroplast development 2017 Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 7 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The components required for photosynthesis are encoded in two separate genomes, the nuclear and the plastid. To address how synchronization of the two genomes involved can be attained in early light-signalling during chloroplast development we have formulated and experimentally tested a mathematical model simulating light sensing and the following signalling response. The model includes phytochrome B (PhyB), the phytochrome interacting factor 3 (PIF3) and putative regulatory targets of PIF3. Closed expressions of the phyB and PIF3 concentrations after light exposure are derived, which capture the relevant timescales in the response of genes regulated by PIF3. Sequence analysis demonstrated that the promoters of the nuclear genes encoding sigma factors (SIGs) and polymerase-associated proteins (PAPs) required for expression of plastid encoded genes, contain the cis-elements for binding of PIF3. The model suggests a direct link between light inputs via PhyB-PIF3 to the plastid transcription machinery and control over the expression of photosynthesis components both in the nucleus and in the plastids. Using a pluripotent Arabidopsis cell culture in which chloroplasts develop from undifferentiated proplastids following exposure to light, we could experimentally verify that the expression of SIGs and PAPs in response to light follow the calculated expression of a PhyB-PIF3 regulated gene.
25.	Dubreuil, Carole, et al. (författare) Establishment of Photosynthesis through Chloroplast Development Is Controlled by Two Distinct Regulatory Phases 2018 Ingår i: Plant Physiology. - : American Society of Plant Biologists. - 0032-0889 .- 1532-2548. ; 176:2, s. 1199-1214 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Chloroplasts develop from undifferentiated proplastids present in meristematic tissue. Thus, chloroplast biogenesis is closely connected to leaf development, which restricts our ability to study the process of chloroplast biogenesis per se. As a consequence, we know relatively little about the regulatory mechanisms behind the establishment of the photosynthetic reactions and how the activities of the two genomes involved are coordinated during chloroplast development. We developed a single cell-based experimental system from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) with high temporal resolution allowing for investigations of the transition from proplastids to functional chloroplasts. Using this unique cell line, we could show that the establishment of photosynthesis is dependent on a regulatory mechanism involving two distinct phases. The first phase is triggered by rapid light-induced changes in gene expression and the metabolome. The second phase is dependent on the activation of the chloroplast and generates massive changes in the nuclear gene expression required for the transition to photosynthetically functional chloroplasts. The second phase also is associated with a spatial transition of the chloroplasts from clusters around the nucleus to the final position at the cell cortex. Thus, the establishment of photosynthesis is a two-phase process with a clear checkpoint associated with the second regulatory phase allowing coordination of the activities of the nuclear and plastid genomes.
26.	Faust, Ellika, et al. (författare) Origin and route of establishment of the invasive Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas in Scandinavia 2017 Ingår i: Marine Ecology Progress Series. - : Inter-Research Science Center. - 0171-8630 .- 1616-1599. ; 575, s. 95-105 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Identifying the routes and rates of introductions is fundamental for the understanding of marine invasions. Recurring introductions over the last 50 yr have led to the establishment of feral Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas populations throughout Europe. In the northern countries, Sweden and Norway, the species first occurred in large numbers in 2006. Here, we investigated the relative importance of introduction via re-laying of cultured oysters imported for consumption from France, Ireland or the Netherlands, and dispersal of oyster larvae by ocean currents from wild oyster populations in Denmark. Using microsatellite DNA markers, we estimated genetic differentiation among Pacific oysters collected at 4 Swedish locations, 3 Norwegian locations and 9 potential source locations in Denmark, Ireland, the Netherlands and France. All Swedish samples and 1 Norwegian sample(Tromlingene) were genetically similar to each other and the Danish samples and showed significant genetic differentiation from all other populations. Consequently, it appears that the Pacific oyster populations in Sweden, Denmark and Tromlingene are closely connected and/or share a recent origin. The 2 remaining Norwegian samples(Hui and Espevik) differed from each other and all other populations, but showed similarities to wild oyster samples from Scandinavia and Ireland, respectively. Overall, the results underline a complex origin of Norwegian oysters, with gene flow from Swedish/Danish populations, as well as other unidentified sources. The apparent connectivity among most of the Scandinavian populations has implications for regional management of this invasive species, and highlights possible scenarios for other marine invasive species with a similar life history.
27.	Franzen, Frida, et al. (författare) Governance hurdles for expansion of low trophic mariculture production in Sweden 2024 Ingår i: Ambio. - : Springer Nature. - 0044-7447 .- 1654-7209. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The study examines the governance of low trophic species mariculture (LTM) using Sweden as a case study. LTM, involving species such as seaweeds and mollusks, offers ecosystem services and nutritious foods. Despite its potential to contribute to blue growth and Sustainable Development Goals, LTM development in the EU and OECD countries has stagnated. A framework for mapping governance elements (institutions, structures, and processes) and analyzing governance objective (effective, equitable, responsive, and robust) was combined with surveys addressed to the private entrepreneurs in the sector. Analysis reveals ineffective institutions due to lack of updated legislation and guidance, resulting in ambiguous interpretations. Governance structures include multiple decision-making bodies without a clear coordination agency. Licensing processes were lengthy and costly for the private entrepreneurs, and the outcomes were uncertain. To support Sweden’s blue bioeconomy, LTM governance requires policy integration, clearer direction, coordinated decision-making, and mechanisms for conflict resolution and learning.
28.	Ganeteg, U., et al. (författare) The properties of the chlorophyll a/b-binding proteins Lhca2 and Lhca3 studied in vivo using antisense inhibition 2001 Ingår i: Plant Physiol. ; 127, s. 150-158 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
29.	Greeve, Youk, et al. (författare) Estimating and scaling-up biomass and abundance of epi- and infaunal bivalves in a Swedish archipelago region: Implications for ecological functions and ecosystem services. 2023 Ingår i: Frontiers in Marine Science. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2296-7745. ; 10 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Introduction As suspension-feeders, bivalves play a key role in maintaining regulatory functions of coastal ecosystems, which are linked to important ecosystem services. The functions attributed to bivalves depend on the life habits of a species (epi- or infauna) and their abundance and biomass. To properly quantify and assess these functions, detailed information the distribution, abundance and biomass at the ecosystem scale is critical. Amongst others, this requires an understanding on how environmental conditions shape special patterns in distribution. In this study we investigate this fundamental information on the Swedish west coast, an area where this information is lacking. Methods A survey which was designed to representatively sample both epi- and infaunal bivalves from randomized locations in various habitat types was conducted. Specifically, abundance and biomass of all species were recorded in the intertidal (0-0.5 m) and the shallow subtidal zone (0.5-2 m). The sites were distributed over an offshore gradient and at two exposure levels. This sampling structure allowed to extrapolate the results to an ecosystem level though information on the areal extent of these habitats using GIS layers. Results It was found that even though there exist a great variability among sites, in general epifaunal bivalves outweigh infaunal bivalves approximately 3 to 1. In terms of abundance, the ratio is more or less reversed and infaunal species occur in greater numbers. Most bivalves were found at an intermediate level of exposure, but due to the areal extend of the sheltered inner-archipelago this was the most important habitat for bivalve abundance and biomass. It was also found that invasive epifaunal oyster Magallana gigas and the invasive infaunal clam Ensis leei both dominated their respective groups in terms of biomass. Discussion Though the survey was relatively small, these results serve as a valuable insight of the relative importance of epi- and infaunal bivalves in this region. This gives understanding on which species and habitats are particularly important for ecosystem functions and services related to bivalves. This also provide a starting baseline for attempts to quantify ecosystem services provided by certain species or groups of bivalves in the future.
30.	Guinea Diaz, Manuel, et al. (författare) Redox regulation of PEP activity during seedling establishment in Arabidopsis thaliana 2018 Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 9 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Activation of the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase is tightly controlled and involves a network of phosphorylation and, as yet unidentified, thiol-mediated events. Here, we characterize PLASTID REDOX INSENSITIVE2, a redox-regulated protein required for full PEP-driven transcription. PRIN2 dimers can be reduced into the active monomeric form by thioredoxins through reduction of a disulfide bond. Exposure to light increases the ratio between the monomeric and dimeric forms of PRIN2. Complementation of prin2-2 with different PRIN2 protein variants demonstrates that the monomer is required for light-activated PEP-dependent transcription and that expression of the nuclear-encoded photosynthesis genes is linked to the activity of PEP. Activation of PEP during chloroplast development likely is the source of a retrograde signal that promotes nuclear LHCB expression. Thus, regulation of PRIN2 is the thiol-mediated mechanism required for full PEP activity, with PRIN2 monomerization via reduction by TRXs providing a mechanistic link between photosynthetic electron transport and activation of photosynthetic gene expression.
31.	Gustafsson, Malin, et al. (författare) Kunskapsunderlag för en enhetlig förvaltning av OSPAR-listade Mytilus- och Ostrea-bankar Del 3 – Underlag för bedömning av bevarandevärde av Mytilus- och Ostrea-bankar 2023 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Tvåskaliga blötdjur (bivalver) som blåmusslor (Mytilus edulis) och ostron (Ostrea edulis) är nyckelarter i kustekosystem och de bidrar både till ökad biologisk mångfald genom att skapa livsmiljöer för andra organismer och till flera andra viktiga ekosystemtjänster.Under de senaste åren har både Mytilus- och Ostrea-bankar minskat i antal och omfattning i Europa, och det finns också starka indikationer på en liknande situation för Mytilus i Sverige. För Ostrea saknas generellt kunskap om populationsstorlekar, vilket gör bedömningar av populationsutveckling problematiskt. Bevarandeåtgärder som beståndsförstärkning och -restaurering ökar därför i omfattning allt eftersom biodiversitet förloras, och det finns ett växande intresse för att återställa habitat skapade av musslor och ostron på många platser i världen.Marina arter med hög spridningspotential, som till exempel Mytilus och i viss mån Ostrea, har historiskt setts som osannolika att uppvisa populationsgenetiska skillnader mellan olika geogra-fiska områden. Forskning har dock på senare tid visat att spridningsbarriärer orsakade av till exempel strömförhållanden eller skillnader i miljö är vanliga och kan resultera i genetiskt differentierade subpopulationer på geografiskt sett små skalor. Detta innebär att kunskap om populationsgenetiska mönster kan bidra med värdefull information för etablering av effektiva förvaltningsstrategier för olika arter, till exempel genom analys av populationsstrukturer och spridningsmekanismer. Exempelvis är populationsgenetiska strukturer, lokala mönster i rekrytering (det vill säga bottenfällning av nya musslor eller ostron) och spridning av larver av stort värde för att säkerställa en god genetisk bas för bevarande av källpopulationer och för att bibehålla en god rekryteringsbas och spridning av nya individer.För både Mytilus och Ostrea saknas idag kunskapsunderlag om grundläggande populationsgenetiska strukturer, liksom om lokalrekryteringsmönster och larvspridning, varför en bedömning av olika bankars bevarandevärde inte är möjlig. I denna rapport presenteras det arbete som gjorts med att ta fram kunskap som kan bidra till identifiering av särskilt värdefulla Mytilus- och Ostrea-bankar för förvaltning av arterna (AP3 i projektet). Med hjälp av genetiska analyser har storskaliga mönster av utbredning av de olika ”arterna” av släktena Mytilus och Ostrea i Skagerrak studerats, samt var gränserna går mellan de olika arterna och populationerna. Målet var att analysera genetisk diversitet, förekomst av isolerade populationer samt genflöde mellan olika områden i Skagerrak samt att identifiera möjliga barriärer för larvtransport längs med Sveriges och Norges kust.Vidare studerades konnektiviteten (definierat som hur väl områden länkas till varandra genom havsströmmar, t.ex. larv-transport från en population till en annan) mellan olika populationer genom att även beräkna spridningen av partiklar (ägg och larver) från Mytilus- och Ostrea-bankar med hjälp av en oceanografisk spridningsmodell (ROMS/OpenDrift), för att se i vilken utsträckning larver transporteras mellan olika lokaler. Målet var även att identifiera viktiga områden där larver från flera områden samlas samt viktiga källregioner.Resultaten från spridningsberäkningar och genetiska data var samstämmiga för Mytilus. De visade en generell transport av larver norrut, och att lokaler i den inre skärgården var mer isolerade än i den yttre delen av skärgården, särskilt området innanför Tjörn och Orust samt Oslofjorden. En barriär observerades även mellan Tvedestrand och Kragerö längs den norska kusten. Den sydeuropeiska arten M. galloprovencialis observerades också i svenska vatten för första gången, dessutom på flera olika platser, men i en låg andel av det totala antalet provtagna musslor. Genetisk övervakning av denna främmande art är önskvärd för att studera hur förekomsten av arten utvecklas i framtiden och hur den interagerar med lokala bestånd av M. edulis.För Ostrea var de genetiska mönstren och resultaten från modelleringen mindre samstämmiga. Modelleringsresultaten visade att lokaler i den inre skärgården hade lite larvutbyte med andra områden. Lokaler i den mellersta skärgården hade mest utbyte av larver både sinsemellan och med framförallt lokaler i ytterskärgården. Genetiska data visade dock inte på någon tydlig geografisk struktur, möjligen på grund av historiska förflyttningar av ostron. Gemensamt för Mytilus och Ostrea är att larver generellt färdas i en nordlig riktning längs med Sveriges kust, och att larver från många olika populationer samlas i mellersta skärgården i området kring Kosterhavet. Här borde den genetiska diversiteten därför vara hög. Baserat på resultatet från modelleringen bakåt i tiden kan antas att viktiga källområden till larver kan finnas längre söderut mellan Öckerö och Väderöarna. Baserat på resultaten presenterade i denna rapport kan konstateras att både Mytilus- och Ostrea-populationerna i området bör förvaltas som separata sub-enheter, då det finns omfattande genetiska strukturer och spridningsbarriärer för de två arterna. Till exempel är det viktigt att bevara populationer i Göteborgsområdet samt i området runt Koster, då det ena utgör ett viktigt källområde och det andra ett viktigt område där stora mängder larver samlas.Det är också viktigt att bevara både kustnära bankar och bankar i utsjömiljöer på grund av den låga larvspridningen mellan dessa två områden. Bankarna i den mellersta skärgården får bidrag från både den yttre och inre skärgården, så det är möjligt att dessa bankar kan agera som bryggor mellan bankarna i den yttre och den inre skärgården. Vissa områden, såsom området innanför Orust och Tjörn, är mer eller mindre isolerade, vilket gör det viktigt att här skapa en lokal förvaltning som tar hänsyn till bristen på larvtransport in och ut ur området. Avseende Orustområdet är det också viktigt att i framtida undersökningar studera hur det stora antalet musselodlingar i området påverkar de vilda populationerna.Sammantaget kan konstateras att det framkommit mycket värdefull information inom detta projekt som kan bidra till framtagandet av konstruktiva och långsiktigt hållbara förvaltningsstrategier för både Mytilus och Ostrea, men att det samtidigt finns behov av ytterligare utveckling och kunskapsbyggande kring vissa aspekter, framför allt kopplat mot spridning och populat-ionsstrukturer för Ostrea samt interaktioner mellan odlade och vilda musslor.
32.	Gustafsson, Malin, et al. (författare) Unlocking the secret life of blue mussels: Exploring connectivity in the Skagerrak through biophysical modeling and population genomics 2024 Ingår i: Evolutionary Applications. - 1752-4571. ; 17 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Knowledge of functional dispersal barriers in the marine environment can be used to inform a wide variety of management actions, such as marine spatial planning, restoration efforts, fisheries regulations, and invasive species management. Locations and causes of dispersal barriers can be studied through various methods, including movement tracking, biophysical modeling, demographic models, and genetics. Combining methods illustrating potential dispersal, such as biophysical modeling, with realized dispersal through, e.g., genetic connectivity estimates, provides particularly useful information for teasing apart potential causes of observed barriers. In this study, we focus on blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) in the Skagerrak—a marginal sea connected to the North Sea in Northern Europe—and combine biophysical models of larval dispersal with genomic data to infer locations and causes of dispersal barriers in the area. Results from both methods agree; patterns of ocean currents are a major structuring factor in the area. We find a complex pattern of source-sink dynamics with several dispersal barriers and show that some areas can be isolated despite an overall high dispersal capability. Finally, we translate our finding into management advice that can be used to sustainably manage this ecologically and economically important species in the future.
33.	Hellum, Anne, et al. (författare) Introduction : nordic gender equality and anti-discrimination laws in the throes of change 2023 Ingår i: Nordic equality and anti-discrimination laws in the throes of change. - : Routledge. - 9781003172840 - 9781032001258 ; , s. 1-18 Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract This book provides insights into the drive to achieve substantive gender equality in four Nordic countries: Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. It draws a diverse and complex picture of the long, uneven, and unfinished process towards that goal. These countries’ systematic use of a combination of political and legal instruments has been described as the Nordic gender equality model. The Nordic states are known for the wide range of policies and programmes that, since the middle of the 20th century, have been adopted to ensure the provision of health services, education and economic safety for all, regardless of socioeconomic background and gender. In the 1970s and 1980s, the Nordic countries were among the first in the world to enact general gender equality and anti-discrimination laws with low-threshold enforcement mechanisms as an alternative to the ordinary courts.
34.	Hellum, Anne, et al. (författare) Introduction: Nordic equality and anti-discrimination laws in the throes of change 2023 Ingår i: Nordic Equality and Anti-Discrimination Laws in the Throes of Change Legal developments in Sweden, Finland, Norway, and Iceland. - London : Routledge. - 9781032001258 - 9781003172840 Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract This book provides insights into the drive to achieve substantive gender equality in four Nordic countries: Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. It draws a diverse and complex picture of the long, uneven, and unfinished process towards that goal. These countries’ systematic use of a combination of political and legal instruments has been described as the Nordic gender equality model. The overall aim of such an approach is to achieve substantive equality through a variety of measures that go beyond formal equality. Laws and policies on gender equality vary with the political, social and legal context in each of the Nordic countries, but the Nordic gender equality model may be understood as consisting of three key components. The first is an overarching gender equality policy. The second is welfare legislation that has an explicit or implicit impact on gender relations. The third component is what we refer to as ‘gender equality and anti-discrimination law regimes’: laws that prohibit gender discrimination and promote gender equality through proactive measures, in combination with low-threshold enforcement systems.
35.	Hernandez-Verdeja, Tamara, et al. (författare) Emerging from the darkness : interplay between light and plastid signaling during chloroplast biogenesis 2020 Ingår i: Physiologia Plantarum. - : Wiley. - 0031-9317 .- 1399-3054. ; 169:3, s. 397-406 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Chloroplast biogenesis is a highly complex process that requires carefully coordinated communication between the nucleus and the chloroplast to integrate light signaling and information about the state of the plastid through retrograde signals. Most studies on plastid development have been performed using dark-grown seedlings and have focused on the transition from etioplast to chloroplast in response to light. Some advances are now also being made to understand the transition directly from proplastids to chloroplasts as it occurs in the shoot apical meristems. Recent reports have highlighted the importance of repressive mechanisms to block premature chloroplast development in dark, both at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level. A group of new proteins with dual plastid and nuclear localization were shown to take part in the light triggered degradation of PHYTOCHROME INTERACTING FACTORs (PIFs) in the nucleus and thereby release the suppression of the nuclear photosynthesis associated genes. These dually localized proteins are also required to activate transcription of photosynthesis genes in the plastid in response to light, emphasizing the close link between the nucleus and the plastids during early light response. Furthermore, development of a fully functional chloroplast requires a plastid signal but the nature of this signal(s) is still unknown. GENOMES UNCOUPLED1 (GUN1) is a plastid protein pivotal for retrograde signal(s) during early seedling development, and recent reports have revealed multiple interactors of GUN1 from different plastid processes. These new GUN1 interactors could reveal the true molecular function of the enigmatic character, GUN1, under naturally occurring adverse growth conditions.
36.	Hernández-Verdeja, Tamara, et al. (författare) GENOMES UNCOUPLED1 plays a key role during the de-etiolation process in Arabidopsis 2022 Ingår i: New Phytologist. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0028-646X .- 1469-8137. ; 235:1, s. 188-203 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract One of the most dramatic challenges in the life of a plant occurs when the seedling emerges from the soil and exposure to light triggers expression of genes required for establishment of photosynthesis.This process needs to be tightly regulated, as premature accumulation of light-harvesting proteins and photoreactive Chl precursors causes oxidative damage when the seedling is first exposed to light. Photosynthesis genes are encoded by both nuclear and plastid genomes, and to establish the required level of control, plastid-to-nucleus (retrograde) signalling is necessary to ensure correct gene expression.We herein show that a negative GENOMES UNCOUPLED1 (GUN1)-mediated retrograde signal restricts chloroplast development in darkness and during early light response by regulating the transcription of several critical transcription factors linked to light response, photomorphogenesis, and chloroplast development, and consequently their downstream target genes in Arabidopsis.Thus, the plastids play an essential role during skotomorphogenesis and the early light response, and GUN1 acts as a safeguard during the critical step of seedling emergence from darkness.
37.	Hernandez-Verdeja, Tamara, et al. (författare) Retrograde Signals Navigate the Path to Chloroplast Development 2018 Ingår i: Plant Physiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0032-0889 .- 1532-2548. ; 176:2, s. 967-976 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
38.	Hollander, Johan, 1969, et al. (författare) Effects of the alien Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) on subtidal macrozoobenthos communities 2015 Ingår i: Marine Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0025-3162 .- 1432-1793. ; 162:3, s. 547-555 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Since 2006, the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas has been a permanent resident on the west cost of Sweden. Because C. gigas is nonindigenous in Scandinavia, it may modify ecosystems and affect the resident biota. Individuals of C. gigas often settle in large aggregations, and the physical structure of the resulting reef provides attachment points and refuges for many secondary species. However, C. gigas also has the potential to change the macrofaunal community structure of the associated sediment, for example by stabilization or enrichment of the sediment. Here, we assess the macrozoobenthos community of sediments within C. gigas reefs and contrast the results with the comparable community within beds of the native blue mussel (Mytilus edulis) and with that of uniform bare sediment. We show that the communities within oyster reefs and mussel beds contained more species and had a higher abundance of organisms compared with the bare sediment. In addition, we show significant differences between the communities within oyster reefs and mussel beds and consistently a larger total abundance in the former.
39.	Holmberg, Lars, et al. (författare) National comparisons of lung cancer survival in England, Norway and Sweden 2001-2004 : differences occur early in follow-up 2010 Ingår i: Thorax. - : BMJ. - 0040-6376 .- 1468-3296. ; 65:5, s. 436-441 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND Countries with a similar expenditure on healthcare within Europe exhibit differences in lung cancer survival. Survival in lung cancer was studied in 2001-2004 in England, Norway and Sweden. METHODS Nationwide cancer registries in England, Norway and Sweden were used to identify 250 828 patients with lung cancer from England, 18 386 from Norway and 24 886 from Sweden diagnosed between 1996 and 2004, after exclusion of patients registered through death certificate only or with missing, zero or negative survival times. 5-Year relative survival was calculated by application of the period approach. The excess mortality between the countries was compared using a Poisson regression model. RESULTS In all subcategories of age, sex and follow-up period, the 5-year survival was lower in England than in Norway and Sweden. The age-standardised survival estimates were 6.5%, 9.3% and 11.3% for men and 8.4%, 13.5% and 15.9% for women in the respective countries in 2001-2004. The difference in excess risk of dying between the countries was predominantly confined to the first year of follow-up. The relative excess risk ratio during the first 3 months of follow-up comparing England with Norway 2001-2004 varied between 1.23 and 1.46, depending on sex and age, and between 1.56 and 1.91 comparing England with Sweden. CONCLUSION Access to healthcare and population awareness are likely to be major reasons for the differences, but it cannot be excluded that diagnostic and therapeutic activity play a role. Future improvements in lung cancer management may be seen early in follow-up.
40.	Hurry, Vaughan M., 1960-, et al. (författare) Cold hardening of spring and winter-wheat and rape results in differential-effects on growth, carbon metabolism, and carbohydrate content 1995 Ingår i: Plant Physiology. - 0032-0889 .- 1532-2548. ; 109:2, s. 697-706 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The effect of long-term (months) exposure to low temperature (5 degrees C) on growth, photosynthesis, and carbon metabolism was studied in spring and winter cultivars of wheat (Triticum aestivum) and rape (Brassica napus). Cold-grown winter rape and winter wheat maintained higher net assimilation rates and higher in situ CO2 exchange rates than the respective cold-grown spring cultivars. In particular, the relative growth rate of spring rape declined over time at low temperature, and this was associated with a 92% loss in in situ CO2 exchange rates. Associated with the high photosynthetic rates of cold-grown winter cultivars was a P-fold increase per unit of protein in both stromal and cytosolic fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase activity and a 1.5- to 2-fold increase in sucrose-phosphate synthase activity. Neither spring cultivar increased enzyme activity on a per unit of protein basis. We suggest that the recovery of photosynthetic capacity at low temperature and the regulation of enzymatic activity represent acclimation in winter cultivars. This allows these overwintering herbaceous annuals to maximize the production of sugars with possible cryoprotective function and to accumulate sufficient carbohydrate storage reserves to support basal metabolism and regrowth in the spring.
41.	Huss, Magnus, 1979-, et al. (författare) Influence of growth history on the accumulation of energy reserves and winter mortality on young fish 2008 Ingår i: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. - : EBSCO Host. - 0706-652X .- 1205-7533. ; 65:10, s. 2149-2156 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In seasonal environments accumulated energy reserves are important to avoid starvation mortality during periods of low resource levels. Here we investigated patterns of energy accumulation and the importance of growth history for winter survival in young-of-the-year Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis). Under simulated winter conditions in aquaria’s we showed that high winter mortality most likely relate to the depletion of energy reserves in small perch. Correspondingly in a field study, using 4 lakes covering 3-6 lake years each, overwinter survival within cohorts was positively related to individual size. However, average size in autumn did not explain the variation in overwinter survival between cohorts. Instead we showed that seasonal growth history is an important factor. High growth rates late in season may increase cohort survival over winter irrespective of average size, related to a positive growth dependent increase in allocation to energy reserves when approaching winter. Mechanisms regulating within-season temporal dynamics of growth rates are therefore suggested to be important for overall cohort performance.
42.	Jansson, E., et al. (författare) Genetic analysis of goldsinny wrasse reveals evolutionary insights into population connectivity and potential evidence of inadvertent translocation via aquaculture 2017 Ingår i: Ices Journal of Marine Science. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1054-3139 .- 1095-9289. ; 74:8, s. 2135-2147 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The salmon industry is heavily dependent on wrasse for delousing infected fish. The goldsinny wrasse is numerically the most important, and each year, millions are harvested from the wild and transported large distances into fish farms. Population genetic knowledge is required to sustainably exploit this species. Here, 1051 goldsinny wrasses from 16 locations across Scandinavia, the British Isles, and Spain were genotyped with 14 microsatellite and 36 SNP markers. Within-population genetic diversity decreased towards north, and a genetic break was observed across the North Sea. Samples from Northern Norway differed from rest of the Scandinavian samples, and samples from the British Isles differed from the Spanish ones. Within Scandinavia, isolation-by-distance was detected. Observed genetic patterns fitted well with expectations derived from oceanographic drift simulations. A sample from mid-Norway deviated from these patterns however, and was genetically very similar to southern Scandinavian samples. We conclude that the population structure of this species is primarily determined by the opposing evolutionary forces of passive drift, limited adult migration and spawning-site fidelity, whereas the deviation in isolation-by-distance observed in mid-Norway is potentially caused by inadvertent translocations of wrasse from southern Scandinavia via current aquaculture practise. Inclusion of outlier loci gave greater resolution, suggesting that diversifying selection may also affect population structuring among goldsinny wrasses.
43.	Ji, Yan, et al. (författare) A fully assembled plastid-encoded RNA polymerase complex detected in etioplasts and proplastids in Arabidopsis 2021 Ingår i: Physiologia Plantarum. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0031-9317 .- 1399-3054. ; 171:3, s. 435-446 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The plastid-encoded genes of higher plants are transcribed by at least two types of RNA polymerases, the nuclear-encoded RNA polymerase (NEP) and the plastid-encoded RNA polymerase (PEP). In mature photosynthesizing leaves, the vast majority of the genes are transcribed by PEP. However, the regulatory mechanisms controlling plastid transcription during early light response is unclear. Chloroplast development is suggested to be associated with a shift in the usage of the primary RNA polymerase from NEP to PEP as the expression of the plastid-encoded photosynthesis genes is induced upon light exposure. Assembly of the PEP complex has been suggested as a rate-limiting step for full activation of plastid-encoded photosynthesis gene expression. However, two sigma factor mutants, sig2 and sig6, with reduced PEP activity, showed significantly lower expression of the plastid-encoded photosynthesis genes already in the dark and during the first hours of light exposure indicating that PEP activity is required for basal expression of plastid-encoded photosynthesis genes in the dark and during early light response. Furthermore, in etioplasts and proplastids a fully assembled PEP complex was revealed on Blue Native PAGE. Our results indicate that a full assembly of the PEP complex is possible in the dark and that PEP drives basal transcriptional activity of plastid-encoded photosynthesis genes in the dark. Assembly of the complex is most likely not a rate-limiting step for full activation of plastid-encoded photosynthesis gene expression which is rather achieved either by the abundance of the PEP complex or by some posttranslational regulation of the individual PEP components.
44.	Ji, Yan, 1987- (författare) Regulation of chloroplast development during the greening process 2020 Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract Upon light exposure, the expression of one-third of the nuclear-encoded genes is changing, including genes encoding many chloroplast-targeted proteins responsible for the initiation of plastid transcription and the establishment of photosynthesis. The control of the nuclear-encoded genes involved in the development of chloroplast is referred to as anterograde signalling. In my thesis work I have focused on both cryptochrome and phytochrome signalling pathways regulating the transcription of photosynthesis-related genes during chloroplast development. The results in the thesis demonstrate that several light-responsive nuclear transcription factors play a direct role in chloroplast development, and reveal the regulatory mechanism underlying the initiation of plastid photosynthetic gene expression. In this thesis, bZIP16 was found as a CRY1 interacting factor. Together with bZIP68 and GBF1, they regulate the expression of LHCBs and SIG5 through a blue light signalling pathway, promoting cotyledon opening and chloroplast development during de-etiolation. These findings provide novel insights into the role of bZIP transcription factors during chloroplast development with the involvement of the cryptochrome signalling pathway. To further investigate how the plastid photosynthetic gene expression is initiated, I focused on the role of two plastid RNA polymerases, nuclear-encoded plastid RNA polymerase (NEP) and plastid-encoded plastid RNA polymerase (PEP). By combining the PIF3-binding motif analysis, mathematic modelling and photoreceptor mutant analysis, we demonstrated a PHYB-PIF3 mediated regulation of the initial expression of the nuclear-encoded PEP components, SIGs and PAPs with the G-box/PBE-box as potential PIF3 binding-site. I have also demonstrated the presence of a fully assembled PEP complex in both proplastids and etioplasts using 2D BN/SDS-PAGE and its importance for the basal level of psaA and psbA transcription in darkness and during the early light response.
45.	Kadfak, Alin, et al. (författare) Dags att i grunden förändra vår relation till havet 2021 Ingår i: Göteborgs-Posten. - 1103-9345. ; :8 jun 2021 Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract Debatt: Med djup oro ser vi dramatiska förändringar med konsekvenser för både människor och djur. Nu behöver vi alla på ett fundamentalt sätt förändra vårt förhållande till havet. Det skriver 78 forskare, som i dag vill uppmärksamma Världshavsdagen och FN:s årtionde för havsforskning för hållbar utveckling.
46.	Kadfak, Alin, et al. (författare) Dags att i grunden förändra vår relation till havet 2021 Ingår i: Göteborgsposten. - 1103-9345. Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
47.	Kindgren, Peter, et al. (författare) A novel proteomic approach reveals a role for Mg-protoporphyrin IX in response to oxidative stress 2011 Ingår i: Physiologia Plantarum. - : Wiley. - 0031-9317 .- 1399-3054. ; 141:4, s. 310-320 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The presence of genes encoding organellar proteins in different cellular compartments necessitates a tight coordination of expression by the different genomes of the eukaryotic cell. This coordination of gene expression is achieved by organelle-to-nucleus communication. Stress-induced perturbations of the tetrapyrrole pathway trigger large changes in nuclear gene expression. In order to investigate whether the tetrapyrrole Mg-ProtoIX itself is an important part of plastid-to-nucleus communication, we used an affinity column containing Mg-ProtoIX covalently linked to an Affi-Gel matrix. The proteins that bound to Mg-ProtoIX were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis combined with nano liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (MS)/MS. Thus, we present a novel proteomic approach to address the mechanisms involved in cellular signaling and we identified interactions between Mg-ProtoIX and a large number of proteins associated with oxidative stress responses. Our approach revealed an interaction between Mg-ProtoIX and the heat shock protein 90-type protein, HSP81-2 suggesting that a regulatory complex including HSP90 proteins and tetrapyrroles controlling gene expression is evolutionarily conserved between yeast and plants. In addition, our list of putative Mg-ProtoIX-binding proteins demonstrated that binding of tetrapyrroles does not depend on a specific amino acid motif but possibly on a specific fold of the protein.
48.	Kindgren, Peter, et al. (författare) Chloroplast transcription, untangling the Gordian Knot 2015 Ingår i: New Phytologist. - : Wiley. - 0028-646X .- 1469-8137. ; 206:3, s. 889-891 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
49.	Kindgren, Peter, 1980-, et al. (författare) Expression of COR15a is regulated by an interplay between tetrapyrrole accumulation and HY5 in Arabidopsis thaliana Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
50.	Kindgren, Peter, 1980-, et al. (författare) Interaction between Mg-protoporphyrin IX and HEAT SHOCK PROTEIN 81 is essential for regulation of LHCB expression during plant stress response : 2010 Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)

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