| 1. |
- Sawcer, Stephen, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic risk and a primary role for cell-mediated immune mechanisms in multiple sclerosis
- 2011
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 476:7359, s. 214-219
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multiple sclerosis is a common disease of the central nervous system in which the interplay between inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes typically results in intermittent neurological disturbance followed by progressive accumulation of disability. Epidemiological studies have shown that genetic factors are primarily responsible for the substantially increased frequency of the disease seen in the relatives of affected individuals, and systematic attempts to identify linkage in multiplex families have confirmed that variation within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) exerts the greatest individual effect on risk. Modestly powered genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have enabled more than 20 additional risk loci to be identified and have shown that multiple variants exerting modest individual effects have a key role in disease susceptibility. Most of the genetic architecture underlying susceptibility to the disease remains to be defined and is anticipated to require the analysis of sample sizes that are beyond the numbers currently available to individual research groups. In a collaborative GWAS involving 9,772 cases of European descent collected by 23 research groups working in 15 different countries, we have replicated almost all of the previously suggested associations and identified at least a further 29 novel susceptibility loci. Within the MHC we have refined the identity of the HLA-DRB1 risk alleles and confirmed that variation in the HLA-A gene underlies the independent protective effect attributable to the class I region. Immunologically relevant genes are significantly overrepresented among those mapping close to the identified loci and particularly implicate T-helper-cell differentiation in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Hjorth Larsen, Ask, et al.
(författare)
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The atomic simulation environment-a Python library for working with atoms
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0953-8984 .- 1361-648X. ; 29:27
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The atomic simulation environment (ASE) is a software package written in the Python programming language with the aim of setting up, steering, and analyzing atomistic simulations. In ASE, tasks are fully scripted in Python. The powerful syntax of Python combined with the NumPy array library make it possible to perform very complex simulation tasks. For example, a sequence of calculations may be performed with the use of a simple 'for-loop' construction. Calculations of energy, forces, stresses and other quantities are performed through interfaces to many external electronic structure codes or force fields using a uniform interface. On top of this calculator interface, ASE provides modules for performing many standard simulation tasks such as structure optimization, molecular dynamics, handling of constraints and performing nudged elastic band calculations.
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| 4. |
- Su, Zhan, et al.
(författare)
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Common variants at the MHC locus and at chromosome 16q24.1 predispose to Barrett's esophagus.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 44:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Barrett's esophagus is an increasingly common disease that is strongly associated with reflux of stomach acid and usually a hiatus hernia, and it strongly predisposes to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), a tumor with a very poor prognosis. We report the first genome-wide association study on Barrett's esophagus, comprising 1,852 UK cases and 5,172 UK controls in the discovery stage and 5,986 cases and 12,825 controls in the replication stage. Variants at two loci were associated with disease risk: chromosome 6p21, rs9257809 (Pcombined=4.09×10(-9); odds ratio (OR)=1.21, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.13-1.28), within the major histocompatibility complex locus, and chromosome 16q24, rs9936833 (Pcombined=2.74×10(-10); OR=1.14, 95% CI=1.10-1.19), for which the closest protein-coding gene is FOXF1, which is implicated in esophageal development and structure. We found evidence that many common variants of small effect contribute to genetic susceptibility to Barrett's esophagus and that SNP alleles predisposing to obesity also increase risk for Barrett's esophagus.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Bellenguez, Celine, et al.
(författare)
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Genome-wide association study identifies a variant in HDAC9 associated with large vessel ischemic stroke
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1546-1718 .- 1061-4036. ; 44:3, s. 141-328
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Genetic factors have been implicated in stroke risk, but few replicated associations have been reported. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) for ischemic stroke and its subtypes in 3,548 affected individuals and 5,972 controls, all of European ancestry. Replication of potential signals was performed in 5,859 affected individuals and 6,281 controls. We replicated previous associations for cardioembolic stroke near PITX2 and ZFHX3 and for large vessel stroke at a 9p21 locus. We identified a new association for large vessel stroke within HDAC9 (encoding histone deacetylase 9) on chromosome 7p21.1 (including further replication in an additional 735 affected individuals and 28,583 controls) (rs11984041; combined P = 1.87 x 10(-11); odds ratio (OR) = 1.42, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.28-1.57). All four loci exhibited evidence for heterogeneity of effect across the stroke subtypes, with some and possibly all affecting risk for only one subtype. This suggests distinct genetic architectures for different stroke subtypes.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Colonna, Liane, et al.
(författare)
-
WASP-HS Community Reference Meeting: Challenges and Opportunities of Regulating AI
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Main Findings:AI systems are increasingly being used to shift decisions made by humans over to automated systems, potentially limiting the space for democratic participation. The risk that AI erodes democracy is exacerbated where most people are excluded from the ownership and production of AI technologies that will impact them.AI learns through datasets but, very often, that data excludes key parts of the population. Where marginalized groups are considered, datasets often contain derogatory terms, or exclude explanatory contextual information, that is hard to accurately categorise in a format that AI can process. Resulting biases within AI design raise concerns as to the quality and representativeness of AI-based decisions and their impact on society.There is very little two-way communication between the developers and users of AI-technologies such that the latter function only as personal data providers. Being largely excluded from the development of AI’s role in human decision-making, everyday individuals may feel more marginalized and disinterested in building a healthy and sustainable society.Yet, AI’s capacity for seeing patterns in big data provides new ways to reach parts of the population excluded from traditional policymaking. It can serve to identify structural discrimination and include information from those otherwise ignored in important decisions. AI could enhance public participation by both providing decision-makers with better data and helping to communicate complex decisions – and their consequences – to wider parts of the population.
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| 9. |
- Dalingwater, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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Policies on marginalized migrant communities during Covid-19 : migration management prioritized over population health
- 2023
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Ingår i: Critical Policy Studies. - : Routledge. - 1946-0171 .- 1946-018X. ; 17:2, s. 316-336
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Migration management policies in many states have marginalized significant numbers of individuals on the basis of their precarious residency status, negatively impacting their health. This article looks at how three European states with high levels of contagion - France, Sweden, and the United Kingdom - adapted their migration management policies to the changed circumstances during the Covid 19 pandemic in which there was new pressure for prioritizing population health over other concerns. The analysis compares globally-recognized 'best practices' for migrant health during the pandemic with policies adopted by France, Sweden, and the UK - selected as prominent migrant-hosting states and that experienced high rates of Covid-19. The article draws on supplementary evidence through interviews with civil society organizations working directly with migrants living on the margins of society - what are termed here 'marginalized migrants' (MMs). As the article concludes, the national policies often fell below international 'best practices' such that migration management was often prioritized over population health despite the crisis. The perspective developed in this paper is important for understanding where migration control policies have been prioritized over public health.
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| 10. |
- Dalingwater, Louise, et al.
(författare)
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The well-being of marginalized migrants in Europe duing the Covid-19 epidemic: evidence from France, Sweden, and the UK
- 2022
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Ingår i: The Unequal Costs of Covid-19 on Well-being in Europe. - Cham : Springer Nature. ; , s. 177-202
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- International guidance set forth recommendations to protect marginalized migrant populations during Covid-19 given the significant inequalities in terms of social and economic well-being reported in the literature. However, a cross-country study of three European countries with high rates of Covid-19 infections and deaths has shown that migrant well-being has significantly decreased since the outbreak of Covid-19 in Europe from March 2020 and that policy measures to help those marginalized populations have been insufficient. The conclusions on migrant well-being during Covid-19 draw on interviews with prominent civil society organizations in all three countries that work specifically on migrant health and welfare. All interviews were semi-structured and conducted between October and November 2020. The analysis mainly focuses on objective/material measures of well-being related to access to health care, information on prevention of infection, housing and exclusion by host population.
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| 11. |
- Ekberg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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What happened to the protests? : The surprising lack of visible dissent during the Sochi Winter Olympics
- 2017
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Ingår i: Sport in Society. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1743-0437 .- 1743-0445. ; 20:4, s. 532-545
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the build-up to the Sochi Olympics, there was substantial anticipation that its legacy would be dominated by dissent and political controversies rather than gold-winning performances. Yet, when the torch was lit, far fewer of those expected controversies ignited. In turning to International Relations theory (IR), the article argues the Sochi Olympics evidenced a tension between, on one hand, a tight process of political management by Russian state representatives, the organizing committee and the International Olympic Committee, whilst on the other hand utilizing certain key norms to help ensure consent. Utilizing a Social Constructivist emphasis on norms as key tools for conducting global politics, the analysis shows how that tension incorporated well-recognized ideas from both the IR schools of Realism and Liberalism to silence protesters. In evidencing the value-added of drawing upon other schools of thought outside conventional sports analysis, the article illustrates a new way for conducting research in Olympic studies.
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| 12. |
- Hillgren, Per-Anders, 1967-, et al.
(författare)
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Future public policy and its knowledge base : Shaping worldviews through counterfactual world-making
- 2020
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Ingår i: Policy Design and Practice. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2574-1292. ; 3:2, s. 109-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Research in diverse areas such as climate change, happiness and wellbeing emphasizes the need for transformative change, stressing the importance of rethinking established values, goals and paradigms prevailing among civil servants, policy- and decision makers. In this paper, we discuss a role that design can play in this, especially how processes of counterfactual world-making can help facilitate reflection on worldviews and the shape of future forms of governance. By exploring different presents, rather than conditions in the future, this approach allows civil servants to consider, create and resist playful alternatives to business-as-usual. In this way, we demonstrate how design can stimulate imagination both as to futures and people’s role in shaping these futures.
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| 13. |
- Hillgren, Per-Anders, et al.
(författare)
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Glossary: Collaborative Future-Making
- 2020
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Collaborative Future-Making is a research platform at the Faculty of Culture and Society at Malmö University that is concerned with how to envision, elaborate and prototype multiple, inclusive, and sustainable futures. The platform gathers around 20 researchers that share a methodological interest in how critical perspectives from the humanities and social sciences can be combined with the constructive and collaborative aspects of making and prototyping in design research.The research centers around two major themes:Critical imagination, which focuses on how basic assumptions, norms and structures can be challenged to widen the perspectives on what can constitute socially, culturally, ecologically and economically sustainable and resilient futures.Collaborative engagements, which focuses on how we can set up more inclusive collaborations to prototype and discuss alternative futures, engaging not only professionals and policy makers but also citizens and civil society.During 2019 the research group set out to make a shared glossary for collaborative future-making. The glossary is multiple in purpose and exists in several versions. Hopefully there will be more to come. At first, the making and articulation of the glossary was used within the research group as an exercise to share concepts that we found central to collaborative future-making, coming from different disciplines. This published version of the glossary was assembled to be used during a workshop called Imagining Collaborative Future-Making, which gathered a group of international researchers from different disciplines.The collection of concepts reflects the heterogeneous and diverse character of the research group and a strong belief in that plurality regarding ontologies and epistemologies will be crucial to be able to handle the multiple uncertainties and complex challenges we have to face in the future. Some of the concepts are already well established within different research communities, but gain a specific meaning in relation to the research area. Others are more preliminary attempts to advance our understanding or probe into new potential practices within collaborative future-making. In that sense the concepts in the glossary are well situated and grounded in past and ongoing research within this research group, at the same time as they are meant to suggest, propose and point towards practices and approaches yet to come.The concepts in this glossary are not only meant to be descriptive but also performative. In that sense, assembling and circulating this glossary is part of collaborative future-making. As pointed out by Michelle Westerlaken in her articulation of “Doing Concepts” (see page 15), “...without proposing, critiquing, or working towards a common or uncommon understanding of certain concepts, it becomes impossible to ‘make futures’ in any deliberate fashion.”
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| 14. |
- Lind, Jacob
(författare)
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The politics of undocumented migrant childhoods : Agency, rights, vulnerability
- 2020
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this thesis, I investigate the paradoxical characteristics of political struggles that take place in relation to undocumented migrant childhoods. Drawing on ethnographic research in Birmingham, UK and Malmö, Sweden between 2014 and 2017, I take as my starting point the everyday life experiences of children and families who have experienced living under an immanent risk of deportation. Through a critical engagement with issues of agency, rights and vulnerability, I contrast the experiences of the children and their families with the development of policies and political debates in both countries. By analysing the contexts of Birmingham, UK and Malmö, Sweden in parallel as sites of irregular migration, I contribute with a clearer understanding of the specific characteristics of how each context constructs and governs irregular migration and how this is experienced by migrants themselves.In this thesis, I argue that a discussion about the political agency of children positioned as undocumented migrants is crucial for an informed and contextualised understanding of the political conflicts that characterise the issue of undocumented migrant childhoods. Through an analysis of the children and families’ everyday struggles, I highlight the role played by children’s rights as being perhaps the most important resource for enabling limited forms of support for these families from the host societies. However, I also show how the arguments and practices surrounding rights can be mobilised for migration control. In this sense,rights are “dangerous”.I suggest that if the intergenerational context of undocumented children’s rights is neglected, there is a risk that the human rights of children as well as adults will be marginalised. State actors arguing for the rights of undocumented migrant children often attempt to strengthen children’s deservingness by portraying their parents as “bad parents”who put their children at risk of increased vulnerability. While the state views the parents as putting their children at risk by “hiding” them, the parents view the state as putting their children at risk by trying to deport them. Parents are then forced to act as “humanitarian agents” responsible for caring for the children when state support to the rights-bearing migrant child is limited by the notion of the migrant child at risk of deportation.This “child migrant paradox” is an overall entrance point from which many of the political issues discussed in the thesis can be traced. The politics of rights in the context of undocumented migration is closely related to processes of vulnerability. Rights are mostly perceived as a matter of implementation while vulnerabilities, which rights are supposed to ameliorate, are mainly understood as descriptively self-evident. In this thesis, I problematise such commonplace understandings of rights and vulnerabilities and theorises them as fundamentally political concepts that need to be understood as enacted and reproduced through different political processes at different scales.I introduce the concept of “vulnerabilisation” to capture how states first create vulnerability through hostile policies towards undocumented migrants, then label the targeted groups as vulnerable and finally utilise this vulnerability to rationalise the governing of undocumented migrant children and families’ mobility and territorial presence. To enable children’s rights to be a productive tool for challenging the repressive governing of migrant families and children, I argue in this thesis that both the children’s rights paradigm and the vulnerabilisation of migrant childhoods need to be problematised and contextualised. Rights struggles by and on behalf of undocumented migrant children and families thus need to be aware of the fundamentally political character of rights and vulnerability.
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| 15. |
- Lindström, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Collaboration : Collaborative future-making
- 2021
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Ingår i: Routledge Handbook of Social Futures. - London and New York : Routledge. - 9780429440717 - 9781138340336 - 9781032129549 ; , s. 104-116
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter will outline what we label ‘collaborative future-making’ (CFM), which can be understood as an interplay between critical imagination and collaborative engagements in future-making processes. Using critical imagination to break out of (imagined) political and scholarly deadlocks is an important theme within collaborative future-making. Imagining should not be confused, however, with an abstract practice. Instead, critical imagination links directly to forms of participation and engagement. Collaborative engagement concerns how we can work together. At the centre is an ethos of democratizing processes of change, that is, to acknowledge people’s skills and rights to influence their everyday environments. This approach should be understood as a shift from engaging with the future through forecasting to a concern with how critical imagination can challenge basic assumptions, norms and structures to widen the perspectives on what constitutes socially, culturally, ecologically and economically sustainable futures, engaging not only professionals and policymakers, but also citizens and civil society. This chapter presents opportunities in what we call ‘collaborative future-making’, as well as highlighting the potential problems and challenges in collaborating. This critical perspective is illustrated through a series of empirical examples that combines critical perspectives with constructive and collaborative aspects.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Lundberg, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Struggles over human rights in local government : the case of access to education for undocumented youth in Malmö, Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Critical Policy Studies. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1946-0171 .- 1946-018X. ; 11:2, s. 146-165
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present article elaborates on struggles over the inclusion and exclusion of undocumented children and young people in the Swedish school system. Through conducting an in-depth case study on the issue of access to school in the city of Malmö in Sweden, our analysis demonstrates how the right to education for undocumented migrant children is subject to a process of struggle between divergent discourses on children’s human rights. Internal debates at the city level of governance are identified around, for example, whether the police could be denied access to schools or if contradictory messages from various authorities might lead to a legitimacy problem. Other questions are the registration of grades when the children concerned are reluctant to be put into a register due to the risks involved; and if fictitious names could be used on class lists that police officers can request. As the article shows, these local struggles are an expression of tensions between different levels of governance that are also affected by the migration control regime, as regards rights for children who are residing irregularly. In that respect, there is a struggle over the appropriate legalistic discourse – as in, to which level should it make reference. However, actors contesting a restrictive interpretation of the right to education also make substantial use of, what we call here, an ‘experiential’ discourse – that is, drawing upon the everyday experiences and feelings of those whose rights are in question. Struggles at the local governance level also have relevance for exploring substantial parts of the broader political context in which the human rights of undocumented migrants are (de)contested.
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| 18. |
- Lundberg, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Who provides the conditions for human life? : Sanctuary movements in Sweden as both contesting and working with state agencies
- 2017
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Ingår i: Politics. - : Sage Publications. - 0263-3957 .- 1467-9256. ; 37:3, s. 347-362
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article analyses sanctuary initiatives intended to change the situation of ‘irregularised residents’. Through fieldwork, three main activities are identified: assistance for welfare services, alternatives to inaccessible services, and inventing new ways of organising togetherness in the city. The role of activists in the initiatives links to discussions within Critical Human Rights literature, which emphasise the anti-institutionalist origins of rights. Yet, a complex interplay also plays out through co-current resistance against the state’s migration policing and collaboration with city-level state agencies. Understanding this complex process is important to improving knowledge of both the politics of sanctuary and human rights.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Mangrio, Elisabeth, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Antimicrobial Resistance & Migrants in Sweden : Poor Living Conditions Enforced by Migration Control Policies as a Risk Factor for Optimal Public Health Management
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Public Health. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-2565. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Infectious diseases exacerbated by Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) are of increasing concern in Sweden, with multi-drug resistant strains associated with new resistance mechanisms that are emerging and spreading worldwide. Existing research has identified that sub-optimal living conditions and poor access to healthcare are significant factors in the spread and incubation of AMR strains. The article considers this linkage and the effort to control the spread of AMR in relation to migrants, highlighting deficiencies in public policy where such individuals are often increasingly exposed to those conditions that exacerbate AMR. In many of the richest countries, those conditions are not accidental, but often direct goals of policies designed with the goal of deterring migrants from staying within host countries. Without engaging with the politics around migration control, the article points to urgent need for more holistic assessment of all public policies that may, however unintentionally, undermine AMR control through worsening living conditions for vulnerable groups. The consequences of prioritizing policies meant to deliberately worsen the living conditions of migrants over avoiding those conditions that accelerate AMR spread, are today made ever apparent where new AMR strains have the potential to dwarf the societal effects of the current Covid-19 pandemic.
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| 21. |
- Mangrio, Elisabeth, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Rapport #2 PHED-kommissionen för framtiden för hälso-och sjukvård efter Covid-19 : allmän hälso- och sjukvård för en gemensam framtid. Baserad på offentliga seminarier som hållits mars - juni 2021
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den här rapporten ger en sammanfattning av de seminarier som organiserades under våren 2021 av PHEDKommissionen för framtiden för hälso- och sjukvården efter covid-19, som bjöd in till vittnesmål från hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal, tjänstemän, tankesmedjor, forskare, civilsamhället och andra intresserade parter baserat på de erfarenheter de fått och lärt sig av under pandemin. De vittnesmål som framfördes kom från många olika geografska platser och många olika nivåer, vilket gjorde dem relevanta både för Sverige och globalt. De fastställer fera centrala rekommendationer för att skydda och förbättra folkhälsan. Dessa rekommendationer både kompletterar och i hög grad utökar de rekommendationer som togs fram i den första rapporten, som var mer fokuserad på Sverige (”Ojämlikhet i samhället gör oss sårbara för pandemier”) och baserad på vittnesmål från hösten 2020, och som kan nås via: https://phed.uni.mau.se/. Den stora mängd erfarenheter som sammanfattas här går långt utöver pandemiperioden och tillhandahåller idéer och praktisk vägledning för att skydda och stärka människors hälsa så att den blir mer motståndskraftig inför framtida kriser.
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| 22. |
- Mangrio, Elisabeth, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Refugees in Sweden during the Covid-19 pandemic-the need for a new perspective on health and integration
- 2020
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Public Health. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-2565. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Refugees are already a vulnerable group in society and are in a stressful situation due to their often uncertain legal status in seeking asylum and integration in the new society after migration. Refugees are, in general, at greater risk of poor health outcomes when contracting Covid-19, exacerbated by poor living conditions and difficulties in accessing healthcare. The longer-term social consequences of the pandemic also disproportionately impact refugees, including social isolation, unemployment and difficulties to obtain correct health information. The aim of this paper is to review the social and health consequences that Covid-19 has brought to the refugees residing in Sweden. This needs to be emphasized in order to mitigate against these likely consequences and improve the overall well-being among such a highly vulnerable group in society. As Covid-19 demonstrates, human health needs to be understood holistically, meaning that the vulnerability of any individuals, or even nations, is a vulnerability for the whole population requiring urgent action. Keywords: Covid-19, refugees, social situation, health information
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| 23. |
- Mangrio, Elisabeth, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Report #2 PHED commission on the future of healthcare post covid-19 : universal health coverage for a real future. Based on sessions conducted from March until June 2021
- 2022
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- This report summarises the Spring 2021 sessions of the PHED Commission on the Future of Healthcare Post Covid-19, which invited testimony from healthcare practitioners, civil servants, thinktanks, researchers, civil society, and other interested parties based on their experiences learnt during the pandemic. The evidence presented came from multiple geographies and levels, making it relevant both to Sweden and globally. It identifes several key recommendations for protecting and improving public health. These recommendations supplement and greatly expand upon those identifed in the report (‘Societal inequity makes us vulnerable to pandemics’) based on testimony from Fall/Autumn 2020, which can be accessed via: https://phed.uni.mau.se/. The wealth of experience summarized here goes well beyond the pandemic period, providing ideas and practical guidance for protecting and strengthening human health to be more resilient in the face of future crises.
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| 24. |
- Mangrio, Elisabeth, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Segregation within welfare societies : Communication Barriers to Migrants`Healthcare in Scandinavia
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Global Health Communication For Immigrants and Refugees. - New York : Routledge. - 9781032132358 - 9781003230243
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This chapter compares health communication towards migrants living at the margins of society – undocumented migrants, asylum seekers, and refugees – within the different Scandinavian countries (Denmark, Norway, and Sweden), to understand the present state of health communication and its role in both strengthening and, where being unequal, segregating societal inclusion within the Nordic region. We know that such migrants often experience health challenges related not only to their migratory journey, but often caused by the precarious situation in which they are placed upon arrival in host countries. Past studies show significant challenges in obtaining care, and difficulties with communication, including cultural awareness. Where health communication fails to meet the needs of a diverse population, we see growing societal segregation that often follows racialized structures with long-term consequences for society.
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| 25. |
- Mangrio, Elisabeth, 1978-, et al.
(författare)
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Working With Refugees' Health During COVID-19 : The Experience of Health- and Social Care Workers in Sweden
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Frontiers in Public Health. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-2565. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- IntroductionIn Sweden, often seen as one of the most egalitarian countries, the COVID-19 pandemic exposed high levels of health inequality, especially harming people with a refugee background. This is also despite Sweden’s image as a refugee-friendly country. In this context, the aim of this paper is to better understand how Swedish health- and social workers have reacted to the health- and social needs of refugees during the pandemic. The Swedish case is particularly interesting because, as seen in the paper, health- and social workers had the task of communicating health guidance to refugees who were sometimes more reliant on information from abroad where the consensus on COVID-19 restrictions ran contrary to the approach recommended by the Swedish public health authority.MethodThe study utilizes a qualitative content analysis of 13 in-depth interviews with health- and social workers in Sweden, active in the care of refugees within different kinds of health- and social care settings. ResultsThe analysis showed that healthcare services have remained open during the pandemic but with new precautions at reception areas impacting how refugees access healthcare. As discussed in the article, the shift to digital tools has particularly impacted refugees, worsening already existing barriers to healthcare services faced by those with refugee status. Public health recommendations were poorly designed to the needs of refugees whose living conditions often prevented them from self-isolation and social distancing. Furthermore, Sweden’s initially non-restrictive approach to the pandemic instructed health- and social-workers to encourage refugees to take far fewer precautions (e.g. self-isolation, home-schooling, pregnant women to avoid virus hotspots) compared both with European neighbours and the international media typically used by refugees. When Sweden shifted towards a more restrictive approach, health- and social-workers had to revise their guidance in relation to the new recommendations around precautions.ConclusionRefugees have faced increased barriers to maintaining their health and well-being during the pandemic that exceed those experienced by the rest of the Swedish population. Refugees have, in general, taken precautions in regard to social distancing and followed recommendations but faced challenges with social distancing due to isolation and crowded living. Public health authorities have often failed to acknowledge that individuals use increasingly diverse sources of knowledge when trying to protect their health, and that not everyone has access to the knowledge needed to access healthcare and social systems. At the same time, there is a need to acknowledge that refugees are sometimes a source of expertise that was ignored by the Swedish health and social system during the pandemic. There is a need for urgent efforts to halt the worsening health conditions for this specific group, but also to counter knock-on societal effects and rising health inequity.
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| 26. |
- Martins, Bruno Oliveira, et al.
(författare)
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Rethinking EU external migration policy : contestation and critique
- 2019
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Ingår i: Global Affairs. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2334-0460 .- 2334-0479. ; 5:3, s. 195-202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The externalization of the EU’s migration policies has seen a sharp increase in recent years but many aspects of its historical roots, internal dynamics, and broader implications remain insufficiently explored. This special issue analyses recent developments in the EU’s external migration policies including the extra-territorial reach of EU migration policies; the power relationships between the EU and third countries involved in EU migration policies; the overlap with critical development studies and post-colonialism; the replication of many of Australia’s external migration policies; the impact of EU external migration policies on third countries, and civil society contestation of those policies. As the contributions show, the series of policies discussed here go beyond the specific empirical area of migration control to have significance for both the future of the European Union and its role in global affairs.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Siles-Brügge, Gabriel, et al.
(författare)
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National Autonomy or Transnational Solidarity? : Using Multiple Geographic Frames to Politicize EU Trade Policy
- 2020
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Ingår i: Politics and Governance. - : Cogitatio Press. - 2183-2463. ; 8:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract The article contributes to our understanding of how trade is politicized and how civil society activists manage the tensions between multiple collective action frames in a complex political context. When viewed alongside the Brexit referendum and Trump’s US Presidency, it is easy to see the 2013–2016 campaign against a European Union–US Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership as a further example of an apparently growing populist ‘nationalism.’ Yet, in the European context—where campaigning was most visible—there was in fact extensive reliance on, and re-iteration of, a transnational ‘European’ frame, with antecedents in the 1999–2006 campaign against General Agreement on Trade in Services negotiations. As the article argues, transnational campaigning operates within a nexus of multiple, and sometimes conflicting, geographic frames. In both campaigns discussed here, activists typically engaged with the wider public via the national context and, sometimes, with allusions to ‘national autonomy.’ However, their activism was dependent upon a frame espousing ‘transnational solidarity.’ Developed over time, this structured their transnational relations with other groups and more full-time activists.
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| 30. |
- Strange, Michael
(författare)
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A European Identity in Global Campaigning? : Activist Groups and the ‘Seattle to Brussels’ (S2B) Network
- 2013
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Ingår i: Geopolitics. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1465-0045 .- 1557-3028. ; 18:3, s. 612-632
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- What does it mean when activist networks describe themselves as ‘European’ or ‘Global’? Existing studies into the geographic character of such networks have focused on the interplay between multiple ‘levels’. However, there is a need for greater research on the discursive function played by geographic descriptors within the formation of activist networks. This article examines the use of multiple geographic descriptors to articulate a particular activist network – the ‘Seattle to Brussels’ (S2B) network – consisting of European-based groups contesting the form of multilateral trade governance embodied in the WTO. To map out how groups forged relations with one another under a ‘European’ identity, the article applies a discourse theoretical analysis to extensive empirical data including interviews with activists and participant observation at key events. The article has relevance to understanding both how transnational protest networks are formed and the role of multiple geographic signifiers in global politics.
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| 31. |
- Strange, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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A Paradigm Shift in Plain Sight? : AI and the Future of Healthcare in the Nordic States
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nordisk välfärdsforskning | Nordic Welfare Research. - : Universitetsforlaget. - 1799-4691 .- 2464-4161. ; 9:2, s. 168-179
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- All the Nordic states (except for Iceland at the time of analysis) have published a national artificial intelligencestrategy (NAIS) document. The NAISs provide a window through which to view a consolidated point where statesset out a socio-technical imaginary ostensibly focused on the impact of AI on the national society but, in so doing,communicate present-day value-laden assumptions. These future visions see an expansion in the scale and scope ofprivate-sector-driven AI applications in healthcare provision as inevitable, positive, and justified based on a promiseof efficiency. In so doing, the NAISs institutionalise a shift in how issues of participation, deliberation, and inclusionin health are structured in the future. The article asks what kind of ‘welfare’ the NAISs present for the Nordic regionwith respect to the governance, role, and ownership of AI healthcare. In so doing, it reveals how the NAISs providea vehicle by which to enable a paradigm shift in state–market relations that is, nonetheless, hidden from politicalscrutiny through its technological futurism
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| 32. |
- Strange, Michael
(författare)
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‘Act now and sign our joint statement!’ What role do online global group petitions play in transnational movement networks?
- 2011
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Ingår i: Media Culture and Society. - : Sage Publications. - 0163-4437 .- 1460-3675. ; 33:8, s. 1236-1253
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The article focuses on a frequently used but under-researched protest medium through which transnational movement networks express their collective demands – what are termed here ‘global group petitions’ (GGPs), and activists themselves call ‘sign-on statements’ or ‘joint statements’. GGPs are online petitions typically framed as ‘global’ and linking sometimes hundreds of advocacy groups behind a common set of critical statements contesting global politics. Despite a burgeoning literature examining the use of digital media by movement networks, the article shows that GGPs are a distinct form of activism which to date has been overlooked by social science. Studying GGPs helps explore a series of issues central to understanding the role of advocacy groups in global politics, including their internal power relations (i.e. between North and South). Presenting empirical analysis and interviews with activists relating to five GGPs used in the course of a single transnational movement network – against negotiations to expand the World Trade Organization’s General Agreement on Trade-in-Services – the article concludes that whilst GGPs are not as ‘global’ or representative of a movement network as they may claim, their value is in facilitating momentum and a process of dialogue between potential advocacy partners.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Strange, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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AI and the everyday political economy of global health
- 2023. - 1
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Ingår i: Handbook of Critical Studies of Artificial Intelligence. - : Edward Elgar Publishing. - 978 1 80392 855 5 - 978 1 80392 856 2 ; , s. 367-377
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the last few years, we have seen an explosion in the scale and scope of AI health, a trend only exacerbated by COVID-19. Due to the uptake of AI applications in health, the global health landscape has seen significant shifts. To help understand this development and how best to achieve the potential of AI health technologies, it is necessary to critically look at the global political economy through which AI health technologies are made possible. There is a need to see this political economy as embedded in the everyday relations through which healthcare functions. The everyday level of how patients and healthcare professionals engage with AI health technology is essential to knowing how these new tools can help tackle forms of discrimination and other obstacles currently preventing universal health coverage.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Strange, Michael
(författare)
-
Civil society
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Language of World Trade Politics. - : Routledge. - 9781138479838 - 9781351064668 ; , s. 97-114
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Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nearly two decades have passed since the events of the WTO’s Seattle Ministerial marked civil society as relevant to global trade politics. Despite this, and as the chapter explains, there remains significant ambiguity as to what is meant by the term ‘civil society’. That civil society matters in global trade governance needs to be understood in terms of two inter-related questions: how the WTO Secretariat, and other institutional actors, give recognition to certain groups and individuals; and, why it is that the actors described as ‘civil society’ seek to contest a governance domain often seemingly closed to their demands.
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| 37. |
- Strange, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Claiming parity between unequal partners : how African counterparts are framed in the externalisation of EU migration governance
- 2019
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Ingår i: Global Affairs. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2334-0460 .- 2334-0479. ; 5:3, s. 235-246
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The externalisation of European Union migration governance disproportionately impacts states based on the African continent. Much of the analytical focus amongst existing research has been on the agency of the EU and its Member-states, identifying the asymmetric and postcolonial character of these policies, as well as highlighting that the imposition of European interests on African states risks undermining their own political stability. Yet, there is significant effort spent by actors on both sides of the Mediterranean on making African counterparts visible as an equal partner – an endeavour seen not just rhetorically within speeches, but also in the set-up of key institutional fora and their membership. The article approaches the framing processes involved to trace the legitimating basis of EU-Africa relations and the externalisation of EU migration policy to African states, highlighting how African political actors are positioned as participating in what is an EU-led process.
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| 38. |
- Strange, Michael
(författare)
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Communicating Research as a Public Discussion : The PHED Commission on the Future of Health Care Post-COVID 19
- 2023
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Health, Wellness, and Society. - : Common Ground Publishing. - 2156-8960 .- 2156-9053. ; 13:2, s. 21-37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Often phrased in terms of “societal relevance” and “societal impact,” academic researchers are increasingly expected to design projects that engage with the public and policymakers both through communicating research outputs as well as inclusion within data collection and processing. This article reports on one such engagement initiative that was, paradoxically, a response to the state of mass social isolation imposed on many in the context of the 2020 pandemic. What became known as the “PHED Commission on the Future of Health Post-COVID 19” created a virtual environment that stretched across academic and professional fields, inviting a broad range of actors to provide evidence that was archived (i.e., videoed) and published online and later turned into a written report. In discussing the “Commission,” the article highlights the lessons learned during the process, including the tensions and solutions by which to help contribute to public debates and have societal impact. While we hope that the pandemic remains an exception, we argue that it is important to see where we can benefit from the innovations developed in that moment of crisis while not ignoring the strengths of traditional research practices. Such transdisciplinary activities are, the article argues, important to knowledge that can help advance health and equity.
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| 39. |
- Strange, Michael
(författare)
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Critical Imaginations in International Relations
- 2017
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Ingår i: International Studies Review. - : Oxford University Press. - 1521-9488 .- 1468-2486. ; 19:3, s. 520-522
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Recension (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 40. |
- Strange, Michael
(författare)
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Discursivity of global governance : vestiges of ‘democracy’ in the World Trade Organization
- 2011
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Ingår i: Alternatives. - : Sage Publications. - 0304-3754 .- 2163-3150. ; 36:3, s. 240-256
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Global governance is neither democratic nor entirely undemocratic. For example, within the World Trade Organization (WTO) formally all member-states have equal power over decision making. The WTO’s dispute settlement body (DSB) acts to enforce the rule of law over so-called power politics. The WTO’s secretariat organizes regular meetings with civil society groups, and resources are spent on facilitating transparency, including putting a vast amount of official documentation online. However, there is large power asymmetry between WTO member-states. This article sidesteps the classic response to such dilemmas, in which debate hinges on how much or how little the institution is able to ameliorate realpolitik, and considers the role the vestiges of “democracy” play in the WTO. Drawing on the work of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe, among others, the author argues that the discourse of democracy embodied in the WTO expresses the wider process through which the institution is legitimated as the body of global trade politics. This has implications for understanding not only how global governance is discursively formed but also whether civil society groups critiquing the WTO threaten the WTO or, by accepting the premise of its predominance in global trade politics, effectively strengthen it.
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| 41. |
- Strange, Michael
(författare)
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Do Non-State Actors Enhance the Accountability of Global Governance? The case of WTO Dispute Settlement
- 2014
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Ingår i: Journal of Global Policy and Governance. - : Springer. - 2194-7759. ; 3:1, s. 95-112
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The World Trade Organization’s dispute settlement body provides the teeth of theglobal trade regime – empowering it with substantial means to adjudicate in disagreementsbetween Member-states over the implementation of WTO law. The WTO’s teeth have, however, also helped make the organisation controversial as part of a general critique from civil society groups concerned that global trade governance has become unaccountable to the societies it affects. Could the growing presence of NGOs and other non-state actors in WTO dispute settlement – empirically identified within a growing body of literature – solve this apparent accountability deficit? Drawing upon existing findings and new research, the article argues that non-state actors have significant consequences for the accountability of WTO dispute settlement, but to whom the system is accountable and whether these consequences are good or bad is not pre-determined. Rather, as the burgeoning literature on accountability shows, the term itself is multi-faceted. Only by engaging with specific cases, as is done here in the case of WTO dispute settlement, can research properly draw out the shape of accountability in global governance.
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| 42. |
- Strange, Michael, et al.
(författare)
-
Education as hospitality
- 2014
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Ingår i: Peace Review. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1040-2659 .- 1469-9982. ; 26:2, s. 201-208
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article considers the relationship between education and hospitality, illustrated in a case that sparked a highly politicised debate on the topic. In 2012, several schools in Malmö, Sweden’s third largest city, excluded students from the regular process governing access to school as well as special support otherwise normally provided based on the students’ unauthorised legal status. The controversy sparked a debate in the local media, academia, and among refugee rights organisations over the right to education as well as the everyday risks faced by persons attending school in Malmö while present in Sweden without legal authorisation.
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| 43. |
- Strange, Michael
(författare)
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Evidence provided in UK Parliament International Trade Committee Inquiry on Transparency and Scrutiny
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Future trade negotiations to which the UK is party are unlikely to be possible without significantly impacting politically sensitive issues such that, without innovative solutions, the government will find it increasingly difficult to be active in negotiations necessary to maintaining current UK access to foreign markets post-Brexit. There is a widening gap between the broadening scope of what is covered by ‘trade policy’ and the necessary knowledge base within not just UK society but also amongst key policy-makers. The UK needs to adopt a multi-level strategy for ensuring there is an ongoing national conversation on trade policy that is well-informed, that includes politicians at all levels of government, as well as civil society, but also new initiatives that allow the public to become sufficiently informed so as to ensure a nuanced debate on trade that curtails the risk of knee-jerk protectionism through being sensitive to societal concerns.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Strange, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Global governance and the normalization of artificial intelligence as ‘good’ for human health
- 2023
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Ingår i: AI & Society. - : Springer. - 0951-5666 .- 1435-5655.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The term ‘artificial intelligence’ has arguably come to function in political discourse as, what Laclau called, an ‘empty signifier’. This article traces the shifting political discourse on AI within three key institutions of global governance–OHCHR, WHO, and UNESCO–and, in so doing, highlights the role of ‘crisis’ moments in justifying a series of pivotal re-articulations. Most important has been the attachment of AI to the narrative around digital automation in human healthcare. Greatly enabled by the societal context of the pandemic, all three institutions have moved from being critical of the unequal power relations in the economy of AI to, today, reframing themselves primarily as facilitators tasked with helping to ensure the application of AI technologies. The analysis identifies a shift in which human health and healthcare is framed as in a ‘crisis’ to which AI technology is presented as the remedy. The article argues the need to trace these discursive shifts as a means by which to understand, monitor, and where necessary also hold to account these changes in the governance of AI in society.
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| 46. |
- Strange, Michael
(författare)
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Governance Networks, Transnational
- 2012
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Ingår i: Encyclopedia of Global Studies. - : Sage Publications. - 9781412964296 ; , s. 771-774
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 47. |
- Strange, Michael
(författare)
-
GPS discussant
- 2011
-
Konferensbidrag (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- »Obama efter Usama – vad har egentligen förändrats?« Medverkar gör: Tariq Ali, författare och journalist Michael Strange, lektor vid Globala politiska studier på Malmö högskolas fakultet för kultur och samhälle, och tidigare vid Essex universitet och Roskilde Plats: Orkanenbiblioteket, Malmö högskola, Nordenskiöldsgatan 10 Tid: Tisdag 20 september kl 19 Fri entré! Förväntningarna var enorma när Barack Obama valdes till president i november 2008. Med mindre än ett år i Vita huset, och utan att i större utsträckning ha påverkat alla de saker han sa att han ville förändra, belönades Barack Obama med Nobels fredspris – en förvånande titel för en man som är inblandad i flera krig, jorden runt. När snart tre år gått med Obama som president, tar den brittisk-pakistanske journalisten och författaren Tariq Ali en kritisk titt på Obamas presidentskap i boken Obamasyndromet. I den färska svenska översättningen finns ett nytt kapitel om dödandet av Usama bin Ladin i maj 2011 och vad den händelsen kan få för konsekvenser för framtiden. Tariq Ali föreläser om utvecklingen och diskuterar med Malmö högskolas Michael Strange och radiojournalisten Lars Mogensen. Producent för Skiften är Evelina Mildner Lindén. Skiftesföreläsningarna vid Malmö högskola är en serie kvalificerade samtal om skiften och förändringar i tiden. De är alltid gratis och öppna för allmänheten. Skiften direktsänds på Malmö högskolas webb på startsidan http://www.mah.se/. Som regel äger de rum en gång i månaden under terminstid. Lars Mogensen, radiojournalist, är moderator för skiftesföreläsningarna och producent är Evelina Mildner Lindén, informatör på Malmö högskola.
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| 48. |
- Strange, Michael
(författare)
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Implications of TTIP for transnational social movements and international NGOs
- 2015
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Ingår i: The Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership in a Multipolar World. - : Routledge. - 9781472443618 - 9781472443649 - 9781315554181 ; , s. 81-90
-
Bokkapitel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Is there a public sphere which is able to influence the TTIP negotiations? This question summarizes a key puzzle at the heart of trade politics which becomes even more salient as the definition of ‘trade’ has expanded significantly to impact an increasing range of politically sensitive areas of human society. The public face of international trade negotiations varies between, on the one hand, a technocratic ‘club-like’ process which is of interest only to those who have the relevant economic expertise and, on the other, a highly politicized struggle that was most forcefully epitomized in the now legendary battle that took place on the streets of Seattle during the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Ministerial Conference in December 1999.
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Strange, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Irregular migration struggles and active subjects of trans-border politics : New research strategies for interrogating the agency of the marginalised
- 2017
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Ingår i: Politics. - : Sage Publications. - 0263-3957 .- 1467-9256. ; 37:3, s. 243-253
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The politics of migration has become increasingly prominent as a site of struggle. However, the active subjecthood of people on the move in precarious situations is often overlooked. Irregular migration struggles raise questions about how to understand the agency of people who are marginalised. What does it mean to engage people produced as ‘irregular’ as active subjects of trans-border politics? And what new research strategies can we employ to this end? The articles presented in this Special Issue of Politics each differently explore how actions by or on behalf of irregular/ised migrants involve processes of subjectivity formation that imply a form of agency. Collectively we explore how irregular migration struggles feature as a site marked by active subjects of trans-border politics. We propose a research agenda based on tracing those processes – both regulatory, activist, and everyday – that negotiate and contest how an individual is positioned as an ‘irregular migrant’. The ethos behind such research is to explore how the most marginalised individuals reclaim or reconfigure subjecthood in ambiguous terms.
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