| 1. |
- Ruiz, Héctor A., et al.
(author)
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Severity factor kinetic model as a strategic parameter of hydrothermal processing (steam explosion and liquid hot water) for biomass fractionation under biorefinery concept
- 2021
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In: Bioresource Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-8524. ; 342
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Hydrothermal processes are an attractive clean technology and cost-effective engineering platform for biorefineries based in the conversion of biomass to biofuels and high-value bioproducts under the basis of sustainability and circular bioeconomy. The deep and detailed knowledge of the structural changes by the severity of biomasses hydrothermal fractionation is scientifically and technological needed in order to improve processes effectiveness, reactors designs, and industrial application of the multi-scale target compounds obtained by steam explosion and liquid hot water systems. The concept of the severity factor [log10 (Ro)] established>30 years ago, continues to be a useful index that can provide a simple descriptor of the relationship between the operational conditions for biomass fractionation in second generation of biorefineries. This review develops a deep explanation of the hydrothermal severity factor based in lignocellulosic biomass fractionation with emphasis in research advances, pretreatment operations and the applications of severity factor kinetic model.
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| 2. |
- Hu, Jing, et al.
(author)
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Hydrothermal preparation of boehmite-doped AgCl nanocubes and their characterization
- 2011
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In: Materials letters (General ed.). - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-577X .- 1873-4979. ; 65:11, s. 1531-1534
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A simple hydrothermal route to the preparation of the boehmite-doped AgCl nanocubes using AgNO3,AlCl3 center dot 6H(2)O and NaOH at 200 degrees C for 24 h is reported. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), UV-vis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential thermal analysis (DTA). FE-SEM and TEM micrographs showed that the obtained boehmite-doped AgCl had nanocube-like morphology. The influence of heating temperature on the phase, microstructure, morphology, and thermal stability of the products were also investigated. UV-visible results indicated that the absorption edge moved to higher wavelength with the increasing heating temperature. These materials would be a promising material for photocatalyst applications.
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| 3. |
- Jia, Ning, et al.
(author)
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Hydrothermal fabrication, characterization, and biological activity of cellulose/CaCO3 bionanocomposites
- 2012
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In: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier BV. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 88:1, s. 179-184
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Bionanocomposites with the combination of natural polymers and inorganic nanoparticles may induce unique properties and exhibit promising functions for different applications. Herein, we report a hydrothermal route to the preparation of cellulose/CaCO3 bionanocomposites using the cellulose solution. Ca(NO3)(2)center dot 4H(2)O and Na2SiO3 center dot 9H(2)O. The cellulose solution was previously prepared by the dissolution of microcrystalline cellulose in NaOH-urea aqueous solution. The urea also acts as the CO32- source for the synthesis of CaCO3. The influences of several reaction parameters, such as the heating time, the heating temperature, and the types of additives on the products were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, and differential thermal analysis. The experimental results demonstrated that the hydrothermal conditions had an effect on the morphology of the bionanocomposites. Cytotoxicity experiments indicated that the cellulose/CaCO3 bionanocomposites had good biocompatibility, so that the bionanocomposites could be ideal candidate for practical biomedical applications.
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| 4. |
- Jia, Ning, et al.
(author)
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Hydrothermal Synthesis and Characterization of Cellulose-Carbonated Hydroxyapatite Nanocomposites in NaOH-Urea Aqueous Solution
- 2010
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In: Science of Advanced Materials. - : American Scientific Publishers. - 1947-2935 .- 1947-2943. ; 2:2, s. 210-214
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cellulose-carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) nanocomposites with CHA nanostructures dispersed in the cellulose matrix have been successfully synthesized using microcrystalline cellulose, CaCl2, and NaH2PO4 in NaOH-urea aqueous solution by hydrothermal method. The cellulose solution was previously prepared by the dissolution of microcrystalline cellulose in NaOH-urea aqueous solution. The effects of the hydrothermal heating time, the heating temperature, and cellulose concentration on the products were investigated. The XRD and FTIR results indicated that the obtained products were the cellulose CHA nanocomposites. The SEM micrographs showed the CHA particles were dispersed in the cellulose matrix. The TGA and DTA indicated the cellulose content in the cellulose-CHA nanocomposites decreased with the decreasing raw cellulose. The size of CHA in nanocomposites decreased with the increasing preparation temperature. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential thermal analysis (DTA), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This type of cellulose/CHA nanocomposites would be expected to be useful as novel biomedical material.
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| 5. |
- Jia, Ning, et al.
(author)
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Microwave-assisted synthesis and characterization of cellulose-carbonated hydroxyapatite nanocomposites in NaOH-urea aqueous solution
- 2010
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In: Materials letters (General ed.). - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-577X .- 1873-4979. ; 64:20, s. 2223-2225
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report the microwave-assisted synthesis of the cellulose-carbonated hydroxyapatite (CHA) nanocomposites with CHA nanostructures dispersed in the cellulose matrix by using the cellulose solution, CaCl2, and NaH2PO4. The cellulose solution was previously prepared by the dissolution of microcrystalline cellulose in NaOH-urea aqueous solution. The influences of the heating time and cellulose concentration on the products were also investigated. The X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR) results indicated that the obtained products were the cellulose-CHA nanocomposites. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs showed the CHA nanostructures were dispersed in the cellulose matrix. The thermal stability of the cellulose-CHA nanocomposites in air was investigated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and differential thermal analysis (DTA). This method is simple, fast, low-cost and suitable for large-scale production of cellulose-based nanocomposites.
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| 6. |
- Jia, Ning, et al.
(author)
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Synthesis and characterization of cellulose-silica composite fiber in ethanol/water mixed solvents
- 2011
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In: BioResources. - 1930-2126. ; 6:2, s. 1186-1195
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cellulose-silica composite fiber samples have been successfully synthesized using cellulose solution, tetraethoxysilane, and NH3 center dot H2O in ethanol/water mixed solvents at room temperature for 24 h. The cellulose solution was previously prepared by the dissolution of microcrystalline cellulose in a solvent mixture of N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc)/lithium chloride (LiCl). The effect of the tetraethoxysilane concentration on the product was investigated. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential scanning calorimetric analysis (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectrum (EDS), and cross polarization magic angle spinning (CP/MAS) solid state C-13-NMR. The morphology of the cellulose-silica composite fiber was investigated by SEM, while their composition was established from EDS measurements combined with the results of FT-IR spectral analysis and XRD patterns. The XRD, FT-IR and EDS results indicated that the obtained product was cellulose-silica composite fiber. The SEM micrographs showed that the silica particles were homogeneously dispersed in the cellulose fiber. The CP/MAS solid state C-13-NMR results indicated that the silica concentration had an influence on the crystallinity of the cellulose. This method is simple for preparation of cellulose-based composites.
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| 7. |
- Jiang, Jian-xin, et al.
(author)
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Structural and thermal characterization of galactomannans from genus Gleditsia seeds as potential food gum substitutes
- 2011
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In: Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. - : Wiley. - 1097-0010 .- 0022-5142. ; 91:4, s. 732-737
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Seed galactomannans are preferred hydrocolloids since they are comparatively cheap, non-toxic, eco-friendly and non-polluting during production and application. Galactomannans from seeds of three species of Gleditsia, namely G. sinensis, G. microphylla and G. melanacantha, were characterized in terms of structural and thermal properties. RESULTS: Gleditsia polysaccharides were characterized using both chemical and chromatographic methods, as well as Fourier transform infrared, H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and C-13 NMR spectroscopy, and it was shown that they consist of D-mannopyranose and D-galactopyranose residues. The mannose/galactose (M/G) ratio of galactomannans was 3.25, 3.31 and 2.30, respectively. It was also found that these polysaccharides differ from one another in values of M-w, M-n and polydispersity. X-ray diffraction confirmed the amorphous nature of Gleditsia galactomannans, although G. sinensis galactomannan showed a high crystallinity. Thermal analysis of the galactomannans by differential scanning calorimetry illustrated that their endothermic peaks ranged from 290 to 320 degrees C. CONCLUSION: Gleditsia polysaccharides are neutral galactomannans. The higher value of M/G ratio from G. sinensis and G. microphylla indicates that their gums offer an excellent alternative for locus bean gum. (C) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry
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| 8. |
- Li, Shu-Ming, et al.
(author)
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Microwave-assisted method for the synthesis of cellulose-based composites and their thermal transformation to Mn2O3
- 2013
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In: Industrial crops and products (Print). - : Elsevier BV. - 0926-6690 .- 1872-633X. ; 43, s. 751-756
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to investigate the synthesis of inorganic materials using cellulose as a template by thermal treatment of the precursor. Cellulose-based composites have been successfully fabricated by an efficient microwave-assisted method. The influences of heating time on the phases and shape of the precursor were investigated. Mn2O3 materials were obtained by thermal treatment of the precursor at 600 degrees C for 3 h in air. The morphology of cellulose composites was preserved after thermal transformation to form Mn2O3. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectra (EDS). scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential thermal analysis (DTA). A rapid microwave-assisted method with the thermal post-treatment provides a promising route for the fabrication of inorganic materials using natural polymer as a template.
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| 9. |
- Li, Shu-Ming, et al.
(author)
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Rapid microwave-assisted preparation and characterization of cellulose-silver nanocomposites
- 2011
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In: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier BV. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 83:2, s. 422-429
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A simple rapid and efficient microwave-assisted synthesis of cellulose-silver nanocomposites with silver nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed in the cellulose matrix using cellulose solution AgNO3 and ascorbic acid in N N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) is reported The cellulose solution was prepared by the dissolution of microcrystalline cellulose in a solvent system of lithium chloride (LiCl)/DMAc The effects of the microwave heating times and ascorbic acid concentration on the nanocomposites were investigated The microstructure size morphology and thermal properties of these nanocomposites were analyzed with X-ray diffraction (XRD) Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) thermogravimetric analysis (TG) differential scanning calorimetric analysis (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) The results revealed that the ascorbic acid concentration played an important role in the phase of the nanocomposites This work provided a promising way to prepare cellulose-silver nanocomposites with good dispersity.
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| 10. |
- Li, Shu-Ming, et al.
(author)
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Synthesis of cellulose-calcium silicate nanocomposites in ethanol/water mixed solvents and their characterization
- 2010
-
In: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier BV. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 80:1, s. 270-275
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cellulose-calcium silicate nanocomposites with calcium silicate nanoparticles homogeneously dispersed in the cellulose matrix have been successfully synthesized using cellulose solution, Ca(NO3)(2)center dot 4H(2)O and Na2SiO3 center dot 9H(2)O in ethanol/water mixed solvents at room temperature for 24 h. The cellulose solution was previously prepared by the dissolution of cellulose in a solvent system of N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc)/lithium chloride (LiCl). The feeding order had an influence on the morphology of the cellulose-calcium silicate nanocomposites and the size of the calcium silicate particles. The cellulose in nanocomposites showed cellulose type II crystalline structure. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TG), differential scanning calorimetric analysis (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), energy-dispersive X-ray spectra (EDS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).
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| 11. |
- Ma, Ming-Guo, et al.
(author)
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Fabrication and characterization of Ag/calcium silicate core-shell nanocomposites
- 2011
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In: Materials letters (General ed.). - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-577X .- 1873-4979. ; 65:19-20, s. 3069-3071
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Ag/calcium silicate nanocomposite with core-shell nanostructure has been successfully synthesized using Ag solution, Ca(NO(3))(2)center dot 4H(2)O and Na(2)SiO(3)center dot 9H(2)O in ethanol/water mixed solvents at room temperature for 48 h. Ag solution was previously prepared by microwave-assisted method in ethylene glycol (EG) at 150 degrees C for 10 min. The nanocomposites consisted of Ag core and an amorphous calcium silicate shell. The XRD and EDS results confirmed that the product was the Ag/calcium silicate nanocomposite. The TEM micrographs indicated that the Ag/calcium silicate nanocomposite was core-shell nanoparticles. The effects of Ca (NO(3))(2)center dot 4H(2)O and Na(2)SiO(3)center dot 9H(2)O concentration on the shells of Ag/calcium silicate nanocomposite were investigated. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectra (EDS). This method is simple, fast and may be extended to the synthesis of the other kinds of core-shell nanocomposites.
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| 12. |
- Ma, Ming-Guo, et al.
(author)
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Hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of CePO4/C core-shell nanorods
- 2009
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In: Materials letters (General ed.). - : Elsevier B.V.. - 0167-577X .- 1873-4979. ; 63:28, s. 2513-2515
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The CePO4/C nanocomposite with core-shell nanostructure has been successfully synthesized using glucose and CePO4 by a facile and simple hydrothermal method at 160 °C for 24 h. The new material consists of a monoclinic CePO4 core and an amorphous-C shell. The TEM micrograph indicated that the CePO4/C nanocomposite was core-shell nanorods. The effects of glucose concentration on the C shells and luminescent intensity of CePO4/C nanocomposite were investigated. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and photoluminescence (PL). This method is simple, low-cost and does not need any surfactant.
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| 13. |
- Ma, Ming-Guo, et al.
(author)
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Hydrothermal synthesis of relatively uniform CePO4@LaPO4 one-dimensional nanostructures with highly improved luminescence
- 2010
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In: Journal of Alloys and Compounds. - : Elsevier BV. - 0925-8388 .- 1873-4669. ; 492:1-2, s. 559-563
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Using monoclinic CePO4 as cores, uniform CePO4@LaPO4 single-crystalline one-dimensional nanostructures have been successfully synthesized via a facile and simple hydrothermal method. The CePO4@LaPO4 one-dimensional nanostructures have highly enhanced photoluminescent emission compared to the pure-phase CePO4. The uniform LaPO4 sheaths effectively eliminated surface trap-states and remarkably increase the luminescent efficiency. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectra (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and photoluminescence (PL).
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| 14. |
- Ma, Ming-Guo, et al.
(author)
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Isolation and characterization of hemicelluloses extracted by hydrothermal pretreatment
- 2012
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In: Bioresource Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-8524 .- 1873-2976. ; 114, s. 677-683
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The dewaxed sample from Triploid of Populus tomentosa Carr. was extracted by using organic alkaline solvent (Dimethylformamide, DMF) via hydrothermal pretreatment. Neutral sugar compositions and molecular weight analysis demonstrated that the hemicellulosic fractions with a higher Uro/Xyl ratio, namely the more branched hemicelluloses, had higher molecular weights. Interestingly, these results were different from the previous report, in which the ratio of Uro/Xyl in the water-soluble hemicellulosic fraction was more than that of the alkali-soluble hemicellulosic fraction. Spectroscopy (FUR, H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, and HSQC) analysis indicated that the hemicellulosic fractions were mainly composed of (1 -> 4)-linked alpha-D-glucan from starch and (1 -> 4)-linked beta-D-xylan attached with minor amounts of branched sugars from hemicelluloses. In addition, thermal analysis implied that linear hemicelluloses showed more thermal stability than the branched ones during pyrolysis.
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| 15. |
- Ma, Ming-Guo, et al.
(author)
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Microwave-assisted synthesis of hierarchical Bi2O3 spheres assembled from nanosheets with pore structure
- 2010
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In: Materials letters (General ed.). - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-577X .- 1873-4979. ; 64:13, s. 1524-1527
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Hierarchical Bi2O3 spheres assembled from nanosheets with nanopore structure have been successfully synthesized by thermal decomposition of the precursor at 400 degrees C for 3 h in air, which was prepared using Bi (NO3)(3)center dot 5H(2)O and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) by a microwave-assisted heating method in ethylene glycol (EG) at 150 degrees C for 10 min The morphology of Bi2O3 is similar to that of the precursor The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and differential scanning calorimetric analysis (DSC) XRD pattern showed that the product had a high degree of crystallinity. FE-SEM micrograph indicated that hierarchical Bi2O3 spheres had sizes around 10 μm.
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| 16. |
- Ma, Ming-Guo, et al.
(author)
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Microwave synthesis of cellulose/CuO nanocomposites in ionic liquid and its thermal transformation to CuO
- 2013
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In: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier BV. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 91:1, s. 162-168
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to develop a green strategy to synthesize the cellulose-based nanocomposites and open a new avenue to the high value-added applications of biomass. Herein, we reported a microwave-assisted ionic liquid route to the preparation of cellulose/CuO nanocomposites, which combined three major green chemistry principles: using environmentally friendly method, greener solvents, and sustainable resources. The influences of the reaction parameters including the heating time and the ratio of cellulose solution to ionic liquid on the products were discussed by X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, and scanning electron microscopy. The crystallinity of CuO increased and the CuO shape changed from nanosheets to bundles and to particles with increasing heating time. The ratio of cellulose solution to ionic liquid also affected the shapes of CuO in nanocomposites. Moreover, CuO crystals were obtained by thermal treatment of the cellulose/CuO nanocomposites at 800 degrees C for 3 h in air.
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| 17. |
- Ma, Ming-Guo, et al.
(author)
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Nanocomposites of cellulose/iron oxide : influence of synthesis conditions on their morphological behavior and thermal stability
- 2012
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In: Materials science & engineering. C, biomimetic materials, sensors and systems. - : Elsevier BV. - 0928-4931 .- 1873-0191. ; 32:6, s. 1511-1517
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Nanocomposites of cellulose/iron oxide have been successfully prepared by hydrothermal method using cellulose solution and Fe(NO3)(3)center dot 9H(2)O at 180 degrees C. The cellulose solution was obtained by the dissolution of microcrystalline cellulose in NaOH/urea aqueous solution, which is a good system to dissolve cellulose and favors the synthesis of iron oxide without needing any template or other reagents. The phases, microstructure, and morphologies of nanocomposites were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectra (EDS). The effects of the heating time, heating temperature, cellulose concentration, and ferric nitrate concentration on the morphological behavior of products were investigated. The experimental results indicated that the cellulose concentration played an important role in both the phase and shape of iron oxide in nanocomposites. Moreover, the nanocomposites synthesized by using different cellulose concentrations displayed different thermal stabilities.
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| 18. |
- Ma, Ming-Guo, et al.
(author)
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Rapid microwave-assisted synthesis and characterization of cellulose-hydroxyapatite nanocomposites in N,N-dimethylacetamide solvent
- 2010
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In: Carbohydrate Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0008-6215 .- 1873-426X. ; 345:8, s. 1046-1050
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Preparation of nanocomposites was carried out using microcrystalline cellulose, CaCl2, and NaH2PO4 in N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) solvent by a microwave-assisted method at 150 degrees C. XRD results showed that the nanocomposites consisted of cellulose and hydroxyapatite (HA). The cellulose existed as a matrix in the nanocomposites. SEM and TEM analysis showed that HA nanorods were homogeneously dispersed in the cellulose matrix. The effects of the microwave heating time on the products were investigated This method has advantages of being simple, rapid, low-cost, and environmentally friendly. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
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| 19. |
- Ma, Ming-Guo, et al.
(author)
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Synthesis and characterization of the tellurium/calcium silicate nanocomposite
- 2011
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In: Materials letters (General ed.). - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-577X .- 1873-4979. ; 65:3, s. 424-426
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A novel tellurium/calcium silicate nanocomposite with tellurium nanorods homogeneously dispersed in the calcium silicate matrix has been successfully synthesized using corresponding tellurium nanorods, Ca(NO3)(2)center dot 4H(2)O, and Na2SiO3 center dot 9H(2)O in ethanol/water mixed solvents at room temperature for 48 h. The new material consists of a single crystalline Te core and an amorphous calcium silicate shell. The products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), selected area electron diffraction (SAED), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The method is simple and does not need any surfactant or template or base. Cytotoxicity experiments indicated that the tellurium/calcium silicate nanocomposites with a low concentration had good biocompatibility. This nanocomposite is a very promising candidate for the application as bioactive materials.
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| 20. |
- Ma, Ming-Guo, et al.
(author)
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The Microwave-Assisted Ionic-Liquid Method : A Promising Methodology in Nanomaterials
- 2014
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In: Chemistry - An Asian Journal. - : Wiley. - 1861-4728 .- 1861-471X. ; 9:9, s. 2378-2391
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In recent years, the microwave-assisted ionic-liquid method has been accepted as a promising methodology for the preparation of nanomaterials and cellulose-based nanocomposites. Applications of this method in the preparation of cellulose-based nanocomposites comply with the major principles of green chemistry, that is, they use an environmentally friendly method in environmentally preferable solvents to make use of renewable materials. This minireview focuses on the recent development of the synthesis of nanomaterials and cellulose-based nanocomposites by means of the microwave-assisted ionic-liquid method. We first discuss the preparation of nanomaterials including noble metals, metal oxides, complex metal oxides, metal sulfides, and other nanomaterials by means of this method. Then we provide an overview of the synthesis of cellulose-based nanocomposites by using this method. The emphasis is on the synthesis, microstructure, and properties of nanostructured materials obtained through this methodology. Our recent research on nanomaterials and cellulose- based nanocomposites by this rapid method is summarized. In addition, the formation mechanisms involved in the microwave-assisted ionic-liquid synthesis of nanostructured materials are discussed briefly. Finally, the future perspectives of this methodology in the synthesis of nanostructured materials are proposed.
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