| 1. |
- Xiong, Shaobing, et al.
(author)
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Direct Observation on p- to n-Type Transformation of Perovskite Surface Region during Defect Passivation Driving High Photovoltaic Efficiency
- 2021
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In: Joule. - : CELL PRESS. - 2542-4351. ; 5:2, s. 467-480
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) suffer from significant nonradiative recombination, limiting their power conversion efficiencies. Here, for the first time, we directly observe a complete transformation of perovskite MAPbI(3) surface region energetics from p- to n-type during defect passivation caused by natural additive capsaicin, attributed to the spontaneous formation of a p-n homojunction in perovskite active layer. We demonstrate that the p-n homojunction locates at similar to 100 nm below perovskite surface. The energetics transformation and defect passivation promote charge transport in bulk perovskite layer and at perovskite/PCBM interface, suppressing both defect-assisted recombination and interface carrier recombination. As a result, an efficiency of 21.88% and a fill factor of 83.81% with excellent device stability are achieved, both values are the highest records for polycrystalline MAPbI(3) based p-i-n PSCs reported to date. The proposed new concept of synergetic defect passivation and energetic modification via additive provides a huge potential for further improvement of PSC performance.
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| 2. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(author)
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The first visual object tracking segmentation VOTS2023 challenge results
- 2023
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In: 2023 IEEE/CVF International conference on computer vision workshops (ICCVW). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9798350307443 - 9798350307450 ; , s. 1788-1810
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking Segmentation VOTS2023 challenge is the eleventh annual tracker benchmarking activity of the VOT initiative. This challenge is the first to merge short-term and long-term as well as single-target and multiple-target tracking with segmentation masks as the only target location specification. A new dataset was created; the ground truth has been withheld to prevent overfitting. New performance measures and evaluation protocols have been created along with a new toolkit and an evaluation server. Results of the presented 47 trackers indicate that modern tracking frameworks are well-suited to deal with convergence of short-term and long-term tracking and that multiple and single target tracking can be considered a single problem. A leaderboard, with participating trackers details, the source code, the datasets, and the evaluation kit are publicly available at the challenge website1
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| 3. |
- Song, Jiali, et al.
(author)
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Solid additive engineering enables high-efficiency and eco-friendly all-polymer solar cells
- 2022
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In: Matter. - : ELSEVIER. - 2590-2393 .- 2590-2385. ; 5:11, s. 4047-4059
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Currently, morphology optimization of all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) strongly depends on the use of solvent additives, which are usually highly toxic and harmful to the environment and human health. Here, we report a green and volatile solid additive, 2-methoxynaphthalene (2-MN). It was found that the incorporation of 2-MN into a PM6:PY-DT blend can effectively manipulate the aggregations of PM6 and PY-DT during film depositing and thermal annealing processes and results in highly ordered molecular packing and favorable phase-separated morphology. Consequently, a re-cord-high efficiency of 17.32% is achieved for the PM6:PY-DT de-vice. Moreover, 2-MN-processed all-PSCs were fabricated by using non-halogenated solvent. High efficiencies of 17.03% and 16.67% are obtained for all-PSCs fabricated under nitrogen atmosphere and ambient conditions, respectively. Our work shows that the utili-zation of 2-MN as a green and solid additive is a simple and feasible strategy to optimize the morphology and sheds new light on eco-friendly fabrication and application of all-PSCs.
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| 4. |
- Xu, Changdan, et al.
(author)
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CTCs Detection and Whole-exome Sequencing Might Be Used to Differentiate Benign and Malignant Pulmonary Nodules
- 2023
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In: Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer. - 1009-3419. ; 26:6, s. 449-460
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background and objective Low-density computed tomography (LDCT) improved early lung cancer diagnosis but introduces an excess of false-positive pulmonary nodules data. Hence, accurate diagnosis of early-stage lung cancer remains challenging. The purpose of the study was to assess the feasibility of using circulating tumour cells (CTCs) to differentiate malignant from benign pulmonary nodules. Materials and methods 122 patients with suspected malignant pulmonary nodules detected on chest CT in preparation for surgery were prospectively recruited. Peripheral blood samples were collected before surgery, and CTCs were identified upon isolation by size of epithelial tumour cells and morphological analysis. Laser capture microdissection, MALBAC amplification, and whole-exome sequencing were performed on 8 samples. The diagnostic efficacy of CTCs counting, and the genomic variation profile of benign and malignant CTCs samples were analysed. Results Using 2.5 cells/5 mL as the cut-off value, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was of 0.651 (95% confidence interval: 0.538-0.764), with a sensitivity and specificity of 0.526 and 0.800, respectively, and positive and negative predictive values of 91.1% and 30.3%, respectively. Distinct sequence variations differences in DNA damage repair-related and driver genes were observed in benign and malignant samples. TP53 mutations were identified in CTCs of four malignant cases; in particular, g.7578115T>C, g.7578645C>T, and g.7579472G>C were exclusively detected in all four malignant samples. Conclusion CTCs play an ancillary role in the diagnosis of pulmonary nodules. TP53 mutations in CTCs might be used to identify benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.
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| 5. |
- Zhan, Chunjun, 1986, et al.
(author)
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Reprogramming methanol utilization pathways to convert Saccharomyces cerevisiae to a synthetic methylotroph
- 2023
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In: Nature Catalysis. - 2520-1158. ; 6:5, s. 435-450
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Methanol, an organic one-carbon (C1) compound, represents an attractive alternative carbon source for microbial fermentation. Despite considerable advancements in methanol utilization by prokaryotes such as Escherichia coli, engineering eukaryotic model organisms such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae into synthetic methylotrophs remains challenging. Here, an engineered module circuit strategy combined with adaptive laboratory evolution was applied to engineer S. cerevisiae to use methanol as the sole carbon source. We revealed that the evolved glyoxylate-based serine pathway plays an important role in methanol-dependent growth by promoting formaldehyde assimilation. Further, we determined that the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway was upregulated, resulting in an increased concentration of squalene and ergosterol in our evolved strain. These changes could potentially alleviate cell membrane damage in the presence of methanol. This work sets the stage for expanding the potential of exploiting S. cerevisiae as a potential organic one-carbon platform for biochemical or biofuel production. [Figure not available: see fulltext.].
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| 6. |
- Zhang, Yinlong, et al.
(author)
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GCMVF-AGV : Globally Consistent Multiview Visual-Inertial Fusion for AGV Navigation in Digital Workshops
- 2023
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In: IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 0018-9456 .- 1557-9662. ; 72
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An accurate and globally consistent navigation system is crucial for estimating the positions and attitudes of automated guided vehicles (AGVs) in digital workshops. A promising navigation technology for this purpose is tightly coupled visual-inertial fusion, which offers advantages such as quick response (QR), absolute scale, and accuracy. However, existing visual-inertial fusion systems have limitations, including long-term drift, tracking failures in textureless or poorly illuminated environments, and a lack of absolute references. To create a reliable and consistent AGV navigation framework and correct for long-term drift, we have designed a novel framework, globally consistent multiview visual-inertial fusion for AGV navigation (GCMVF-AGV). This framework uses a downward-looking QR vision sensor and a forward-looking visual-inertial sensor together to estimate AGV poses in real time. The downward camera provides absolute AGV positions and attitudes with reference to the global workshop frame. Furthermore, long-term visual-inertial drift, inertial biases, and velocities are periodically compensated between spatial intervals of QR codes by minimizing visual-inertial residuals with the rigid constraints of absolute poses estimated from the downward visual measurements. We have evaluated the proposed method on the developed AGV navigation platform, and experimental results demonstrate the position and attitude errors of less than 0.05 m and 2 degrees, respectively.
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