| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Ablikim, M., et al.
(författare)
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Measurements of (XcJ)-> K+K-K+K- decays
- 2006
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Ingår i: Physics Letters B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0370-2693 .- 1873-2445. ; 642:3, s. 197-202
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Using 14M psi(2S) events taken with the BESII detector, chi(cJ) -> 2(K+K-) decays are studied. For the four-kaon final state, the branching fractions are B(chi(c0,1,2) ->.2(K+K-)) = (3.48 +/- 0.23 +/- 0.47) x 10(-3), (0.70 +/- 0.13 +/- 0.10) x 10(-3), and (2.17 +/- 0.20 +/- 0.31) x 10(-3). For the phi K+K- final state, the branching fractions, which are measured for the first time, are B(chi(c0,1,2) -> phi K+K-) = (1.03 +/- 0.22 +/- 0.15) x 10(-3), (0.46 +/- 0.16 +/- 0.06) x 10(-3), and (1.67 +/- 0.26 +/- 0.24) x 10(-4). For the phi phi final state, B(chi(c0,2) -> phi phi) = (0.94 +/- 0.21 +/- 0.13) x 10(-3) and (1.70 +/- 0.30 +/- 0.25) x 10(-3).
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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- 2019
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 7. |
- Wang, Fang, et al.
(författare)
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Emerging contaminants: A One Health perspective
- 2024
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Ingår i: Innovation. - 2666-6758. ; 5
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental pollution is escalating due to rapid global development that often prioritizes human needs over planetary health. Despite global efforts to mitigate legacy pollutants, the continuous introduction of new substances remains a major threat to both people and the planet. In response, global initiatives are focusing on risk assessment and regulation of emerging contaminants, as demonstrated by the ongoing efforts to establish the UN's Intergovernmental Science-Policy Panel on Chemicals, Waste, and Pollution Prevention. This review identifies the sources and impacts of emerging contaminants on planetary health, emphasizing the importance of adopting a One Health approach. Strategies for monitoring and addressing these pollutants are discussed, underscoring the need for robust and socially equitable environmental policies at both regional and international levels. Urgent actions are needed to transition toward sustainable pollution management practices to safeguard our planet for future generations.
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| 8. |
- Ba, Kun, et al.
(författare)
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Billiard Catalysis at Ti3C2 MXene/MAX Heterostructure for Efficient Nitrogen Fixation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Applied Catalysis B. - : Elsevier BV. - 0926-3373 .- 1873-3883. ; 317, s. 121755-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrocatalytic ammonia (NH3) conversion under ambient atmosphere is crucial to mimic the nature's nitrogen cycle. But currently it is always interrupted by the HER process which is more competitive. Herein, we tactically cultivate a series of incompletely etched Ti3AlC2 MAX / Ti3C2 MXene based heterostructure catalysts whose composition can be finely tuned through regulation of the LiF percentage in mixed chemical etching agent. Notably, the surface potential difference between MAX and MXene is ~40 mV, indicating that the electron can be readily transferred from MAX to MXene across the interfaces, which is favorable for N2 fixation, yielding an outstanding Faradic efficiency of 36.9%. Furthermore, density functional theory calculations reveal the billiard-like catalysis mechanism, where the intermediates are alternatively adsorbed on MAX or MXene surfaces. Meanwhile, the rate-determining step of *NH → *NH2 possesses an energy barrier of 0.96 eV on the hetero-interface which follows associative distal mechanism. This work opens a new frontier of heterostructured catalyst for balancing electrical conductivity and catalytic activity in electrocatalysis.
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| 9. |
- Lu, Xincheng, et al.
(författare)
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Comprehensive insights into the influences of acid-base properties of chemical pretreatment reagents on biomass pyrolysis behavior and wood vinegar properties
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-2370 .- 1873-250X. ; 151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pyrolysis of biomass is an effective approach to produce high-value added solid, liquid and gaseous products. Wood vinegar (WV) is obtained as one of the main liquid products of biomass pyrolysis and has been used as the sustainable chemicals in agriculture. In this study, the effects of acid-base properties of chemical reagents on the biomass pyrolysis behavior and WV properties were investigated, and the mechanism was further discussed. The results indicated that acid-base properties of chemical reagents exhibited the significant effects on pyrolysis behavior and WV properties. Alkaline compounds showed the more obviously effects on changes in biomass chemical structure rather than acids, while acids removed the metallic species more efficiently than alkaline compounds. All chemical pretreatments increased the cellulose crystallinity, and the alkaline compounds were more favorable than the acidic compounds for increasing the crystallinity. Meanwhile, chemical pretreatments changed the chemical structure of biomass and promoted the pyrolysis process. All chemical pretreatments increased the organic content of WV. The relative content of phenols increased after all pretreatments, which increased more obviously by the acids pretreatments. Whereas, the relative content of acids decreased after pretreated by inorganic acids, and increased after pretreated by organic acids and alkaline compounds.
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| 10. |
- Mahajan, Anubha, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-ancestry genetic study of type 2 diabetes highlights the power of diverse populations for discovery and translation
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Nature. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 54:5, s. 560-572
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We assembled an ancestrally diverse collection of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in 180,834 affected individuals and 1,159,055 controls (48.9% non-European descent) through the Diabetes Meta-Analysis of Trans-Ethnic association studies (DIAMANTE) Consortium. Multi-ancestry GWAS meta-analysis identified 237 loci attaining stringent genome-wide significance (P < 5 x 10(-9)), which were delineated to 338 distinct association signals. Fine-mapping of these signals was enhanced by the increased sample size and expanded population diversity of the multi-ancestry meta-analysis, which localized 54.4% of T2D associations to a single variant with >50% posterior probability. This improved fine-mapping enabled systematic assessment of candidate causal genes and molecular mechanisms through which T2D associations are mediated, laying the foundations for functional investigations. Multi-ancestry genetic risk scores enhanced transferability of T2D prediction across diverse populations. Our study provides a step toward more effective clinical translation of T2D GWAS to improve global health for all, irrespective of genetic background. Genome-wide association and fine-mapping analyses in ancestrally diverse populations implicate candidate causal genes and mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes. Trans-ancestry genetic risk scores enhance transferability across populations.
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| 11. |
- Sun, Yifan, et al.
(författare)
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Sensitive parameters affecting dark current characteristics of SCD
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering. - : SPIE. - 0277-786X .- 1996-756X. ; 12061
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The sensitive parameters affecting the dark current characteristics are further studied by using InAs/GaSb type II superlattice (T2SL) pBpp structure long wavelength Infrared photodetectors. Generation of recombination (G-R), surface leakage current and tunneling current are the main components of dark current. Using pBpp structure can suppress them effectively, thereby decreasing dark current. Based on the k · p method, the band structure of InAs/GaSb T2SL and InAs/AlSb T2SL can be obtained by solving the 8-band k · p model. We have calculated different doping levels of pBpp detector and different layer thicknesses of pBpp detector. For pBpp device, we consider the dark current for different contact layer doping and different absorber layer doping. We also study the influence of different contact layer thicknesses and different absorber layer thicknesses on dark current. The dark current of pBpp detector is dominant by tunneling current at low temperature, and diffusion is the main limiting mechanism in dark current at high temperature, for barrier layer inhibits generation-recombination contribution. Eventually, the dark current of a pBpp structure has been calculated for versus voltage at 77 K.
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| 12. |
- Wang, Rui, et al.
(författare)
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Environmentally friendly Mn-alloyed core/shell quantum dots for high-efficiency photoelectrochemical cells
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Materials Chemistry A. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2050-7488 .- 2050-7496. ; 8:21, s. 10736-10741
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Colloidal quantum dot (QD)-based photoelectrochemical (PEC) cells are cost-effective devices showing remarkable solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency. However, the extensive use of highly toxic elements (e.g. Pb and Cd) in QDs' synthesis and device fabrication is still a major challenge towards their practical development. Herein, we fabricate a solar-driven PEC cell based on environmentally friendly Mn-alloyed CuInS2 (MnCIS)/ZnS core/shell QDs, showing more favorable band alignment, efficient charge transfer, reduced charge recombination and lower charge transfer resistance with respect to the control device fabricated using unalloyed CuInS2 (CIS)/ZnS core/shell QDs. An unprecedented photocurrent density of ∼5.7 mA cm−2 with excellent stability was obtained for the as-fabricated MnCIS/ZnS core/shell QD-based PEC device when operated under standard one sun irradiation (AM 1.5G, 100 mW cm−2). These results indicate that the transition metal-alloyed environmentally friendly core/shell QDs are promising for next-generation solar technologies.
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| 13. |
- Ye, Tong, et al.
(författare)
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Valence engineering at the interface of MoS2/Mo2C heterostructure for bionic nitrogen reduction
- 2023
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Ingår i: Chemical Engineering Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1385-8947 .- 1873-3212. ; 452
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The natural nitrogenase is still the most efficient catalyst on earth to reduce the ambient N2 into ammonia. The central part of the molecular machine is powered by a metallic core, usually a molybdenum atom, whose co-ordination valence state remains an enigma for us to unveil and mimic. Unlike the flexible bio-enzyme, inorganic heterogeneous catalysts are usually rigid in the coordination structure, making their valence states invariable, except some localized defects. In this study, we successfully synthesized a two-dimensional MoS2/Mo2C elec-trocatalyst, which contains a heterostructured interface with efficient charge and magnetism separation, exhibiting a gradual and broad valence state transition from Mo4+ to Mo2+. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that Mo3+ sites at the interface have a strong N2 adsorption energy of -0.75 eV with the side -on configuration, and an activated hydrogenation of *NH2 species. This bionic electrocatalyst displays a splendid performance in nitrogen reduction reaction with a Faradic efficiency of 42 % at-0.1 V vs RHE.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Chen, Hongxia, et al.
(författare)
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PRL2 Phosphatase Promotes Oncogenic KIT Signaling in Leukemia Cells through Modulating CBL Phosphorylation
- 2024
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Ingår i: Molecular Cancer Research. - 1541-7786. ; 22:1, s. 94-103
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Receptor tyrosine kinase KIT is frequently activated in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). While high PRL2 (PTP4A2) expression is correlated with activation of SCF/KIT signaling in AML, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We discovered that inhibition of PRL2 significantly reduces the burden of oncogenic KIT-driven leukemia and extends leukemic mice survival. PRL2 enhances oncogenic KIT signaling in leukemia cells, promoting their proliferation and survival. We found that PRL2 dephosphorylates CBL at tyrosine 371 and inhibits its activity toward KIT, leading to decreased KIT ubiquitination and enhanced AKT and ERK signaling in leukemia cells.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Du, QQ, et al.
(författare)
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Generation of mega brown adipose tissue in adults by controlling brown adipocyte differentiation in vivo
- 2022
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 1091-6490. ; 119:40, s. e2203307119-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a highly specialized adipose tissue in its immobile location and size during the entire adulthood. In response to cold exposure and other β3-adrenoreceptor stimuli, BAT commits energy consumption by nonshivering thermogenesis (NST). However, the molecular machinery in controlling the BAT mass in adults is unknown. Here, we show our surprising findings that the BAT mass and functions can be manipulated in adult animals by controlling BAT adipocyte differentiation in vivo. Platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFα) expressed in BAT progenitor cells served a signaling function to avert adipose progenitor differentiation. Genetic and pharmacological loss-of-function of PDGFRα eliminated the differentiation barrier and permitted progenitor cell differentiation to mature and functional BAT adipocytes. Consequently, an enlarged BAT mass (megaBAT) was created by PDGFRα inhibition owing to increases of brown adipocyte numbers. Under cold exposure, a microRNA-485 (miR-485) was identified as a master suppressor of the PDGFRα signaling, and delivery of miR-485 also produced megaBAT in adult animals. Noticeably, megaBAT markedly improved global metabolism, insulin sensitivity, high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity, and diabetes by enhancing NST. Together, our findings demonstrate that the adult BAT mass can be increased by blocking the previously unprecedented inhibitory signaling for BAT progenitor cell differentiation. Thus, blocking the PDGFRα for the generation of megaBAT provides an attractive strategy for treating obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
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| 19. |
- Du, Wei, et al.
(författare)
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Robust Order Scheduling in the Discrete Manufacturing Industry : a Multiobjective Optimization Approach
- 2018
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1551-3203 .- 1941-0050. ; 14:1, s. 253-264
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Order scheduling is of vital importance in discrete manufacturing industries. This paper takes fashion industry as an example and discusses the robust order scheduling problem in the fashion industry. In the fashion industry, order scheduling focuses on the assignment of production orders to appropriate production lines. In reality, before a new order can be put into production, a series of activities known as preproduction events need to be completed. In addition, in real production process, owing to various uncertainties, the daily production quantity of each order is not always as expected. In this paper, by considering the preproduction events and the uncertainties in the daily production quantity, robust order scheduling problems in the fashion industry are investigated with the aid of a multiobjective evolutionary algorithm called nondominated sorting adaptive differential evolution (NSJADE). The experimental results illustrate that it is of paramount importance to consider preproduction events in order scheduling problems in the fashion industry. We also unveil that the existence of the uncertainties in the daily production quantity heavily affects the order scheduling.
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| 20. |
- Duan, Dongban, et al.
(författare)
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Gadolinium Neutron Capture Reaction-Induced Nucleodynamic Therapy Potentiates Antitumor Immunity
- 2023
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Ingår i: CCS Chemistry. - : Chinese Chemical Society. - 2096-5745. ; 5:11, s. 2589-2602
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A nuclear reaction-induced dynamic therapy, denoted as nucleodynamic therapy (NDT), has been invented that triggers immunogenic cell death and successfully treats metastatic tumors due to its unexpected abscopal effect. Gadolinium neutron capture therapy (GdNCT) is binary radiotherapy based on a localized nuclear reaction that produces high-energy radiations (e.g., Auger electrons, γ-rays, etc.) in cancer cells when 157Gd is irradiated with thermal neutrons. Yet, its clinical application has been postponed due to the poor ability of Auger electrons and γ-rays to kill cells. Here, we engineered a 157Gd-porphyrin framework that synergizes GdNCT and dynamic therapy to efficiently produce both •OH and immunogenic 1O2 in cancer cells, thereby provoking a strong antitumor immune response. This study unveils the fact and mechanism that NDT heats tumor immunity. Another unexpected finding is that the Auger electron can be the most effective energy-transfer medium for radiation-induced activation of nanomedicines because its nanoscale trajectory perfectly matches the size of nanomaterials. In mouse tumor models, NDT causes nearly complete regression of both primary and distant tumor grafts. Thus, this 157Gd-porphyrin framework radioenhancer endows GdNCT with the exotic function of triggering dynamic therapy; its application may expand in clinics as a new radiotherapy modality that utilizes GdNCT to provoke whole-body antitumor immune response for treating metastases, which are responsible for 90% of all cancer deaths.
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| 21. |
- Duan, Lele, et al.
(författare)
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Ce-IV- and Light-Driven Water Oxidation by [Ru(terpy)(pic)(3)](2+) Analogues : Catalytic and Mechanistic Studies
- 2011
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Ingår i: CHEMSUSCHEM. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631. ; 4:2, s. 238-244
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A series of mononuclear ruthenium polypyridyl complexes [Ru(Mebimpy)(pic)(3)](PF6)(2) (2; Mebimpy=2,6-bis(1-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine; pic=4-picoline), Ru(bimpy)(pic)(3) (3; H(2)bimpy=2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine), trans-[Ru(terpy)-(pic)(2)Cl](PF6) (4; terpy=2,2';6',2 ''-terpyridine), and trans-[Ru(terpy)(pic)(2)(OH2)](ClO4)(2) (5) are synthesized and characterized as analogues of the known Ru complex, [Ru(terpy)(pic)(3)](PF6)(2) (1). The effect of the ligands on electronic and catalytic properties is studied and discussed. The negatively charged ligand, bimpy(2-), has a remarkable influence on the electrochemical events due to its strong electron-donating ability. The performance in light- and Ce-IV-driven (Ce-IV=Ce(NH4)(2)(NO3)(6)) water oxidation is successfully demonstrated. We propose that ligand exchange between pic and H2O occurs to form the real catalyst, a Ru-aqua complex. The synthesis and testing of trans[Ru(terpy)(pic)(2)(OH2)](ClO4)(2) (5) confirmed our proposal. In addition, complex 5 possesses the best catalytic activity among these five complexes.
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| 22. |
- Duan, Lele, et al.
(författare)
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Chemical and Photochemical Water Oxidation Catalyzed by Mononuclear Ruthenium Complexes with a Negatively Charged Tridentate Ligand
- 2010
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Ingår i: Chemistry - A European Journal. - : Wiley. - 0947-6539 .- 1521-3765. ; 16:15, s. 4659-4668
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two mononuclear ruthenium complexes [RuL(pic)(3)] (1) and [RuL(bpy)(pic)] (2) (H2L = 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid, pic=4-picoline, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) have been synthesized and fully characterized. Both complexes could promote water oxidation chemically and photochemically. Compared with other known ruthenium-based water oxidation catalysts using [Ce(NH4)(2)(NO3)(6)] (Ce-IV) as the oxidant in solution at pH 1.0, complex 1 is one of the most active catalysts yet reported with an initial rate of 0.23 turnovers(-1). Under acidic conditions, the equatorial 4-picoline in complex 1 dissociates first. In addition, ligand exchange in 1 occurs when the Rum state is reached. Based on the above observations and MS measurements of the intermediates during water oxidation by 1 using Ce-IV as oxidant, [RuL(pic)(2)(H2O)](+) is proposed as the real water oxidation catalyst.
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| 23. |
- Duan, Lele, et al.
(författare)
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Towards the Visible Light-Driven Water Splitting Device : Ruthenium Water Oxidation Catalysts with Carboxylate-Containing Ligands
- 2014
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Ingår i: Molecular Water Oxidation Catalysis. - Chichester, UK : Wiley-Blackwell. - 9781118698648 - 9781118413371 ; , s. 51-76
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The presence of oxo and carboxylate ligands is crucial to decreasing the redox potentials of the oxygen evolving complex (OEC). It has been proved that negatively charged ligands can stabilize the high oxidation states of various transition metal-based complexes and lower their oxidation potentials. This chapter focuses on complexation of transition metals primarily ruthenium (Ru) with carboxylate-containing ligands, in order to develop artificial water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) with small overpotentials. The authors aim at applying highly active and robust WOCs in artificial photosynthesis devices that convert photo energy to chemical energy. A typical visible light-driven water oxidation system consists of three components: a WOC, a photosensitizer, and a sacrificial electron acceptor. The chapter demonstrates a density functional theory (DFT)-directed development of robust Ru-WOCs, showing one of the advantages of molecular WOCs.
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| 24. |
- Duan, Lele, et al.
(författare)
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Visible light-driven water oxidation-from molecular catalysts to photoelectrochemical cells
- 2011
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Ingår i: Energy & Environmental Science. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1754-5692 .- 1754-5706. ; 4:9, s. 3296-3313
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This perspective article reports the most significant advances in the field of water oxidation-from molecular water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) to photoelectrochemical cells. Different series of catalysts that can be applied in visible light-driven water oxidation catalysis are discussed in details and several key aspects of their catalytic mechanisms are introduced. In order to construct a water oxidation electrode from molecular catalysts, proper immobilization methods have to be employed. Herein, we present one section about how to attach catalysts onto an electrode/material surface. Finally, the state of the art photoelectrochemical cells that achieve visible light-driven water splitting are described.
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| 25. |
- Fan, Ke, et al.
(författare)
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Direct Observation of Structural Evolution of Metal Chalcogenide in Electrocatalytic Water Oxidation
- 2018
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Ingår i: ACS Nano. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1936-0851 .- 1936-086X. ; 12:12, s. 12369-12379
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- As one of the most remarkable oxygen evolution reaction (OER) electrocatalysts, metal chalcogenides have been intensively reported during the past few decades because of their high OER activities. It has been reported that electron-chemical conversion of metal OER chalcogenides into oxides/hydroxides would take place after the OER. However, the transition mechanism of such unstable structures, as well as the real active sites and catalytic activity during the OER for these electrocatalysts, has not been understood yet; therefore a direct observation for the electrocatalytic water oxidation process, especially at nano or even angstrom scale, is urgently needed. In this research, by employing advanced Cs-corrected transmission electron microscopy (TEM), a step by step oxidational evolution of amorphous electrocatalyst CoSx into crystallized CoOOH in the OER has been in situ captured: irreversible conversion of CoSx to crystallized CoOOH is initiated on the surface of the electrocatalysts with a morphology change via Co(OH)(2) intermediate during the OER measurement, where CoOOH is confirmed as the real active species. Besides, this transition process has also been confirmed by multiple applications of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and other ex situ technologies. Moreover, on the basis of this discovery, a high-efficiency electrocatalyst of a nitrogen-doped graphene foam (NGF) coated by CoSx has been explored through a thorough structure transformation of CoOOH. We believe this in situ and in-depth observation of structural evolution in the OER measurement can provide insights into the fundamental understanding of the mechanism for the OER catalysts, thus enabling the more rational design of low-cost and high-efficient electrocatalysts for water splitting.
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| 26. |
- Gaziano, Liam, et al.
(författare)
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Mild-to-moderate kidney dysfunction and cardiovascular disease : Observational and mendelian randomization analyses
- 2022
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Ingår i: Circulation. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 0009-7322 .- 1524-4539. ; 146:20, s. 1507-1517
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: End-stage renal disease is associated with a high risk of cardiovascular events. It is unknown, however, whether mild-to-moderate kidney dysfunction is causally related to coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke.METHODS: Observational analyses were conducted using individual-level data from 4 population data sources (Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration, EPIC-CVD [European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Cardiovascular Disease Study], Million Veteran Program, and UK Biobank), comprising 648 135 participants with no history of cardiovascular disease or diabetes at baseline, yielding 42 858 and 15 693 incident CHD and stroke events, respectively, during 6.8 million person-years of follow-up. Using a genetic risk score of 218 variants for estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), we conducted Mendelian randomization analyses involving 413 718 participants (25 917 CHD and 8622 strokes) in EPIC-CVD, Million Veteran Program, and UK Biobank.RESULTS: There were U-shaped observational associations of creatinine-based eGFR with CHD and stroke, with higher risk in participants with eGFR values <60 or >105 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2, compared with those with eGFR between 60 and 105 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2. Mendelian randomization analyses for CHD showed an association among participants with eGFR <60 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2, with a 14% (95% CI, 3%-27%) higher CHD risk per 5 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2 lower genetically predicted eGFR, but not for those with eGFR >105 mL·min-1·1.73 m-2. Results were not materially different after adjustment for factors associated with the eGFR genetic risk score, such as lipoprotein(a), triglycerides, hemoglobin A1c, and blood pressure. Mendelian randomization results for stroke were nonsignificant but broadly similar to those for CHD.CONCLUSIONS: In people without manifest cardiovascular disease or diabetes, mild-to-moderate kidney dysfunction is causally related to risk of CHD, highlighting the potential value of preventive approaches that preserve and modulate kidney function.
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| 27. |
- Han, Tong, et al.
(författare)
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Magnetic bio-activated carbon production from lignin via a streamlined process and its use in phosphate removal from aqueous solutions
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Science of the Total Environment. - : Elsevier. - 0048-9697 .- 1879-1026. ; 708
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Lignin and ferrous salt were mechanically mixed, melted, carbonized and steam activated to produce magnetic bio-activated carbons (MBACs). Phosphate adsorption capacity measurement was conducted on representative MBAC, which has a high surface iron oxide proportion and mesoporous volume. The results indicate that iron species are embedded into the carbon matrix by lignin melting. Steam is not only an activation agent for pore generation and widening but is also effective for the oxidization of Hagg iron carbide produced via ferrous salt decomposition and subsequent reduction during the carbonization process to form magnetite. The porous and magnetic properties and surface iron oxide content of the produced MBACs can be modified by controlling the steam/magnetic biochar (MBC) ratio. The MBAC production process is streamlined and novel, compared with conventional coprecipitation or impregnation methods. The maximum phosphate adsorption onto the representative MBAC product using the best fitting model, i.e., the Langmuir-Freundlich model, is estimated to be 21.18 mg/g, suggesting that the representative MBAC product has a comparable phosphate adsorption capacity to most of the reported MBCs and MBACs.
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| 28. |
- He, YQ, et al.
(författare)
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A polygenic risk score for nasopharyngeal carcinoma shows potential for risk stratification and personalized screening
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1, s. 1966-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Polygenic risk scores (PRS) have the potential to identify individuals at risk of diseases, optimizing treatment, and predicting survival outcomes. Here, we construct and validate a genome-wide association study (GWAS) derived PRS for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), using a multi-center study of six populations (6 059 NPC cases and 7 582 controls), and evaluate its utility in a nested case-control study. We show that the PRS enables effective identification of NPC high-risk individuals (AUC = 0.65) and improves the risk prediction with the PRS incremental deciles in each population (Ptrend ranging from 2.79 × 10−7 to 4.79 × 10−44). By incorporating the PRS into EBV-serology-based NPC screening, the test’s positive predictive value (PPV) is increased from an average of 4.84% to 8.38% and 11.91% in the top 10% and 5% PRS, respectively. In summary, the GWAS-derived PRS, together with the EBV test, significantly improves NPC risk stratification and informs personalized screening.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Hosseini, Reza, et al.
(författare)
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A Novel Method for Extracting and Analyzing the Geometry Properties of the Shortest Pedestrian Paths Focusing on Open Geospatial Data
- 2023
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Ingår i: ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information. - : MDPI AG. - 2220-9964. ; 12:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Unlike car navigation, where almost all vehicles can traverse every route, one route might not be optimal or even suitable for all pedestrians. Route geometry information, including tortuosity, twists and turns along roads, junctions, and road slopes, among others, matters a great deal for specific types of pedestrians, particularly those with limited mobility, such as wheelchair users and older adults. Offering practical routing services to these users requires that pedestrian navigation systems provide further information on route geometry. Therefore, this article proposes a novel method for extracting and analyzing the geometry properties of the shortest pedestrian paths, with a focus on open geospatial data across four aspects: (a) similarity, (b) route curviness,
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| 31. |
- Huang, Hongyun, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical Cell Therapy Guidelines for Neurorestoration (IANR/CANR 2017)
- 2018
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Ingår i: Cell Transplantation. - : SAGE Publications. - 0963-6897 .- 1555-3892. ; 27:2, s. 310-324
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cell therapy has been shown to be a key clinical therapeutic option for central nervous system diseases or damage. Standardization of clinical cell therapy procedures is an important task for professional associations devoted to cell therapy. The Chinese Branch of the International Association of Neurorestoratology (IANR) completed the first set of guidelines governing the clinical application of neurorestoration in 2011. The IANR and the Chinese Association of Neurorestoratology (CANR) collaborated to propose the current version "Clinical Cell Therapy Guidelines for Neurorestoration (IANR/CANR 2017)". The IANR council board members and CANR committee members approved this proposal on September 1, 2016, and recommend it to clinical practitioners of cellular therapy. These guidelines include items of cell type nomenclature, cell quality control, minimal suggested cell doses, patient-informed consent, indications for undergoing cell therapy, contraindications for undergoing cell therapy, documentation of procedure and therapy, safety evaluation, efficacy evaluation, policy of repeated treatments, do not charge patients for unproven therapies, basic principles of cell therapy, and publishing responsibility.
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| 32. |
- Jian, Jingxin, et al.
(författare)
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Interface-Engineered Ni-Coated CdTe Heterojunction Photocathode for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Evolution
- 2023
-
Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 1944-8244 .- 1944-8252. ; 15:17, s. 21057-21065
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting for hydrogen production using the CdTe photocathode has attracted much interest due to its excellent sunlight absorption property and energy band structure. This work presents a study of engineered interfacial energetics of CdTe photocathodes by deposition of CdS, TiO2, and Ni layers. A heterostructure CdTe/CdS/TiO2/Ni photocathode was fabricated by depositing a 100-nm n-type CdS layer on a p-type CdTe surface, with 50 nm TiO2 as a protective layer and a 10 nm Ni layer as a co-catalyst. The CdTe/CdS/TiO2/ Ni photocathode exhibits a high photocurrent density (Jph) of 8.16 mA/cm2 at 0 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (VRHE) and a positive-shifted onset potential (Eonset) of 0.70 VRHE for PEC hydrogen evolution under 100 mW/cm2 AM1.5G illumination. We further demonstrate that the CdTe/CdS p-n junction promotes the separation of photogenerated carriers, the TiO2 layer protects the electrode from corrosion, and the Ni catalyst improves the charge transfer across the electrode/electrolyte interface. This work provides new insights for designing noble metal-free photocathodes toward solar hydrogen development.
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| 33. |
- Jin, Lei, et al.
(författare)
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Engineering Interfacial Structure in “Giant” PbS/CdS Quantum Dots for Photoelectrochemical Solar Energy Conversion
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nano Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 2211-2855. ; 30, s. 531-541
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interfacial structure in “giant” PbS/CdS quantum dots (QDs) was engineered by modulating the Cd:S molar ratio during in situ growth. The control of the gradient interfacial layer could facilitate hole transfer, regulate the transition from double- to single-color emission, as a consequence. These QDs are optically active close-to-the near-infrared (NIR) spectral region and are candidates as absorber materials in solar energy conversion. Photoinduced charge transfer from “giant” QDs to electron scavenger can still take place despite the ultra-thick (~5 nm) shell. The hybrid architecture based on a TiO2 mesoporous framework sensitized by the “giant” QDs with alloyed interface can produce a saturated photocurrent density as high as ~5.3 mA/cm2 in a photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell under 1 Sun illumination, which is around 2 times higher than that of bare PbS and core/thin-shell PbS/CdS QDs sensitizer. The as-prepared PEC device presented very good stability thanks to the “giant” core/shell QDs architecture with tailored interfacial layer and a further coating of the ZnS shell. 78% of the initial current density is kept after 2-hour irradiation at 1 Sun. Engineering of electronic band structure plays a key role in boosting the functional properties of these composite systems, which hold great potential for H2 production in PEC devices.
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| 34. |
- Li, Fusheng, et al.
(författare)
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Immobilization of a molecular catalyst on carbon nanotubes for highly efficient electro-catalytic water oxidation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Chemical Communications. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1359-7345 .- 1364-548X. ; 50:90, s. 13948-13951
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Electrochemically driven water oxidation has been performed using a molecular water oxidation catalyst immobilized on hybrid carbon nanotubes and nano-material electrodes. A high turnover frequency (TOF) of 7.6 s(-1) together with a high catalytic current density of 2.2 mA cm(-2) was successfully obtained at an overpotential of 480 mV after 1 h of bulk electrolysis.
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| 35. |
- Li, Yingzheng, et al.
(författare)
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Switching the O-O Bond Formation Pathways of Ru-pda Water Oxidation Catalyst by Third Coordination Sphere Engineering
- 2021
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Ingår i: RESEARCH. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 2639-5274. ; 2021
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Water oxidation is a vital anodic reaction for renewable fuel generation via electrochemical- and photoelectrochemical-driven water splitting or CO2 reduction. Ruthenium complexes, such as Ru-bda family, have been shown as highly efficient water-oxidation catalysts (WOCs), particularly when they undergo a bimolecular O-O bond formation pathway. In this study, a novel Ru(pda)-type (pda(2-) = 1,10-phenanthroline-2,9-dicarboxylate) molecular WOC with 4-vinylpyridine axial ligands was immobilized on the glassy carbon electrode surface by electrochemical polymerization. Electrochemical kinetic studies revealed that this homocoupling polymer catalyzes water oxidation through a bimolecular radical coupling pathway, where interaction between two Ru(pda)-oxyl moieties (I2M) forms the O-O bond. The calculated barrier of the I2M pathway by density-functional theory (DFT) is significantly lower than the barrier of a water nucleophilic attack (WNA) pathway. By using this polymerization strategy, the Ru centers are brought closer in the distance, and the O-O bond formation pathway by the Ru (pda) catalyst is switched from WNA in a homogeneous molecular catalytic system to I2M in the polymerized film, providing some deep insights into the importance of third coordination sphere engineering of the water oxidation catalyst.
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| 36. |
- Liu, Hangning, et al.
(författare)
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Cobalt Oxide Arrays Anchored to Copper Foam as Efficient Binder‐free Anode for Lithium Ion Batteries
- 2023
-
Ingår i: ChemPhysChem. - : Wiley-VCH Verlagsgesellschaft. - 1439-4235 .- 1439-7641. ; 24:17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The development of lithium-ion batteries with simplified assembling steps and fast charge capability is crucial for current battery applications. In this study, we propose a simple in-situ strategy for the construction of high-dispersive cobalt oxide (CoO) nanoneedle arrays, which grow vertically on a copper foam substrate. It is demonstrated that this nanoneedle CoO electrodes provide abundant electrochemical surface area. The resulting CoO arrays directly act as binder-free anodes in lithium-ion batteries with the copper foam functioning as the current collector. The highly-dispersed feature of the nanoneedle arrays enhances the effectiveness of active materials, leading to outstanding rate capability and superior long-term cycling stability. These impressive electrochemical properties are attributed to the highly-dispersed self-standing nanoarrays, the advantages of binder-free constituent, and the high exposed surface area of the copper foam substrate compared to copper foil, which enrich active surface area and facilitate charge transfer. The proposed approach to prepare binder-free lithium-ion battery anodes streamlines the electrode fabrication steps and holds significant promise for the future development of the battery industry.
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| 37. |
- Liu, Tong, et al.
(författare)
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Importance of inoculum source and initial community structure for biogas production from agricultural substrates
- 2017
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Ingår i: Bioresource Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-8524 .- 1873-2976. ; 245, s. 768-777
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study evaluated the importance of inoculum source for start-up and operation of biogas processes. Three different inocula with different community structure were used to initiate six laboratory continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) processes operated with a grass manure mixture as substrate. The processes were evaluated by chemical and microbiological analysis, by targeting the overall bacterial community and potential cellulose-degrading bacteria. As expected, the results showed a large difference in community structure in the inocula and in process performance during the first hydraulic retention time (HRT). However, the performance and overall microbial community structure became similar in the reactors over time. An inoculum from a high-ammonia process, characterized by low diversity and low degradation efficiency, took the longest time to reach stability and final methane yield. The overall bacterial community was mainly shaped by the operating conditions but, interestingly, potential cellulose-degrading bacteria seemed mainly to originate from the substrate.
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| 38. |
- Liu, Tong, et al.
(författare)
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Substrate-Induced Response in Biogas Process Performance and Microbial Community Relates Back to Inoculum Source
- 2018
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Ingår i: Microorganisms. - : MDPI AG. - 2076-2607. ; 6
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study investigated whether biogas reactor performance, including microbial community development, in response to a change in substrate composition is influenced by initial inoculum source. For the study, reactors previously operated with the same grass-manure mixture for more than 120 days and started with two different inocula were used. These reactors initially showed great differences depending on inoculum source, but eventually showed similar performance and overall microbial community structure. At the start of the present experiment, the substrate was complemented with milled feed wheat, added all at once or divided into two portions. The starting hypothesis was that process performance depends on initial inoculum source and microbial diversity, and thus that reactor performance is influenced by the feeding regime. In response to the substrate change, all reactors showed increases and decreases in volumetric and specific methane production, respectively. However, specific methane yield and development of the microbial community showed differences related to the initial inoculum source, confirming the hypothesis. However, the different feeding regimes had only minor effects on process performance and overall community structure, but still induced differences in the cellulose-degrading community and in cellulose degradation.
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| 39. |
- Looman, Camilla, et al.
(författare)
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An activating mutation in the PDGF receptor-beta causes abnormal morphology in the mouse placenta
- 2007
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Ingår i: International Journal of Developmental Biology. - : UPV/EHU Press. - 0214-6282 .- 1696-3547. ; 51:5, s. 361-370
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An oncogenic D842V mutation in the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) alpha-receptor (Pdgfra) has recently been described in patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumors. In order to test if the same mutation would confer oncogenic properties to the homologous PDGF beta-receptor (Pdgfrb), the corresponding aspartic acid residue at position 849 of Pdgfrb was changed into valine (D849V) using a knock-in strategy. This mutation turned out to be dominantly lethal and caused death even in chimeras (from 345 transferred chimeric blastocysts, no living coat chimeras were detected). Experiments employing mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) indicated hyperactivity of the mutant receptor. The mutant receptor was phosphorylated in a ligand-independent manner and, in contrast to wild-type MEFs, mutant cells proliferated even in the absence of ligand. Knockout experiments have previously indicated a role for Pdgfrb in placental development. We therefore analyzed wild-type and Pdgfrb D849V chimeric placentas from different gestational stages. No differences were detected at embryonic days 11.5 and 13.5 (n=4). At embryonic day 17.5, however, chimeric placentas (n=3/4) displayed abnormalities both in the labyrinth and in the chorionic plate. The changes included hyper-proliferation of alpha-smooth muscle actin and platelet/endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 positive cells in the labyrinth and cells in the chorionic plate. In addition, the fetal blood vessel compartment of the labyrinth was completely disorganized.
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| 40. |
- Mansouri, Kamel, et al.
(författare)
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CoMPARA : Collaborative Modeling Project for Androgen Receptor Activity
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Environmental Health Perspectives. - 0091-6765 .- 1552-9924. ; 128:2, s. 1-17
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are xenobiotics that mimic the interaction of natural hormones and alter synthesis, transport, or metabolic pathways. The prospect of EDCs causing adverse health effects in humans and wildlife has led to the development of scientific and regulatory approaches for evaluating bioactivity. This need is being addressed using high-throughput screening (HTS) in vitro approaches and computational modeling.OBJECTIVES: In support of the Endocrine Disruptor Screening Program, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) led two worldwide consortiums to virtually screen chemicals for their potential estrogenic and androgenic activities. Here, we describe the Collaborative Modeling Project for Androgen Receptor Activity (CoMPARA) efforts, which follows the steps of the Collaborative Estrogen Receptor Activity Prediction Project (CERAPP).METHODS: The CoMPARA list of screened chemicals built on CERAPP's list of 32,464 chemicals to include additional chemicals of interest, as well as simulated ToxCast (TM) metabolites, totaling 55,450 chemical structures. Computational toxicology scientists from 25 international groups contributed 91 predictive models for binding, agonist, and antagonist activity predictions. Models were underpinned by a common training set of 1,746 chemicals compiled from a combined data set of 11 ToxCast (TM)/Tox21 HTS in vitro assays.RESULTS: The resulting models were evaluated using curated literature data extracted from different sources. To overcome the limitations of single-model approaches, CoMPARA predictions were combined into consensus models that provided averaged predictive accuracy of approximately 80% for the evaluation set.DISCUSSION: The strengths and limitations of the consensus predictions were discussed with example chemicals; then, the models were implemented into the free and open-source OPERA application to enable screening of new chemicals with a defined applicability domain and accuracy assessment. This implementation was used to screen the entire EPA DSSTox database of similar to 875,000 chemicals, and their predicted AR activities have been made available on the EPA CompTox Chemicals dashboard and National Toxicology Program's Integrated Chemical Environment.
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| 41. |
- Miao, Yanfeng, et al.
(författare)
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Stable and bright formamidinium-based perovskite light-emitting diodes with high energy conversion efficiency
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2041-1723. ; 10
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Solution-processable perovskites show highly emissive and good charge transport, making them attractive for low-cost light-emitting diodes (LEDs) with high energy conversion efficiencies. Despite recent advances in device efficiency, the stability of perovskite LEDs is still a major obstacle. Here, we demonstrate stable and bright perovskite LEDs with high energy conversion efficiencies by optimizing formamidinium lead iodide films. Our LEDs show an energy conversion efficiency of 10.7%, and an external quantum efficiency of 14.2% without outcoupling enhancement through controlling the concentration of the precursor solutions. The device shows low efficiency droop, i.e. 8.3% energy conversion efficiency and 14.0% external quantum efficiency at a current density of 300 mA cm(-2), making the device more efficient than state-of-the-art organic and quantum-dot LEDs at high current densities. Furthermore, the half-lifetime of device with benzylamine treatment is 23.7 hr under a current density of 100 mA cm(-2), comparable to the lifetime of near-infrared organic LEDs.
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| 42. |
- Müller, T D, et al.
(författare)
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Ghrelin.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Molecular metabolism. - : Elsevier BV. - 2212-8778. ; 4:6, s. 437-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The gastrointestinal peptide hormone ghrelin was discovered in 1999 as the endogenous ligand of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor. Increasing evidence supports more complicated and nuanced roles for the hormone, which go beyond the regulation of systemic energy metabolism.
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| 43. |
- Navarro-Pardo, F., et al.
(författare)
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Nanofiber-supported CuS nanoplatelets as high efficiency counter electrodes for quantum dot-based photoelectrochemical hydrogen production
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Materials Chemistry Frontiers. - : Royal Society of Chemistry. - 2052-1537. ; 1:1, s. 65-72
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We developed a hierarchically assembled hybrid counter electrode (CE) based on copper sulfide (CuS) nanoplatelets grown on polymer nanofibers. The resulting CE was used in a quantum dot (QD)-based photoelectrochemical (PEC) system for H2 generation in the presence of sacrificial agents (S2−/SO32−). The concept is to increase the specific surface area of the CE, aiming at maximizing charge exchange at the electrode, which boosts efficient generation of H2 and to obtain a stable structure for long-term operation of the device. Structural and morphological characterization indicated the presence of a covellite crystalline phase (CuS). PEC tests showed that the CuS nanoplatelets grown in the CEs could replace Pt CEs in either visible-active or near infrared (NIR)-active QD-based PEC systems. Specifically, saturation of the photocurrent density (∼7.5 mA cm−2) occurred at ∼0.6 V versus the RHE, when using a NIR QD-based TiO2 photoanode and a nanofiber-supported CuS as the CE. Stability tests of the nanofiber-supported CuS CE showed that 85% of the initial photocurrent density was maintained after ∼1 h, which is similar to that obtained with the Pt foil CE (86%). In contrast, CuS nanostructures directly deposited on FTO glass without nanofibers (CuS/FTO CE) exhibited poor stability. CuS/FTO CE degraded quickly, showing a 90% drop in the initial photocurrent within 200 s testing whereas a 14% drop in the initial photocurrent was observed for the CuxS on brass within 10 min of testing. Our new nanofiber supported-CuS CE stands out due to its higher performance compared to brass and its similar stability compared to Pt during long term PEC operation. Additionally, our hybrid CE showed a better catalytic performance than the Pt CE and good stability in cyclic voltammetry tests. These results demonstrate that the nanofiber-supported CuS is a promising cost effective alternative to Pt as a highly efficient CE for PEC H2 generation
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| 44. |
- ODonnell, Michael, et al.
(författare)
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Registered Replication Report: Dijksterhuis and van Knippenberg (1998)
- 2018
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Ingår i: Perspectives on Psychological Science. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD. - 1745-6916 .- 1745-6924. ; 13:2, s. 268-294
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dijksterhuis and van Knippenberg (1998) reported that participants primed with a category associated with intelligence (professor) subsequently performed 13% better on a trivia test than participants primed with a category associated with a lack of intelligence (soccer hooligans). In two unpublished replications of this study designed to verify the appropriate testing procedures, Dijksterhuis, van Knippenberg, and Holland observed a smaller difference between conditions (2%-3%) as well as a gender difference: Men showed the effect (9.3% and 7.6%), but women did not (0.3% and -0.3%). The procedure used in those replications served as the basis for this multilab Registered Replication Report. A total of 40 laboratories collected data for this project, and 23 of these laboratories met all inclusion criteria. Here we report the meta-analytic results for those 23 direct replications (total N = 4,493), which tested whether performance on a 30-item general-knowledge trivia task differed between these two priming conditions (results of supplementary analyses of the data from all 40 labs, N = 6,454, are also reported). We observed no overall difference in trivia performance between participants primed with the professor category and those primed with the hooligan category (0.14%) and no moderation by gender.
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| 45. |
- Qiao, Yuanhua, et al.
(författare)
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Pyrolysis Kinetic Study and Reaction Mechanism of Epoxy Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic by Thermogravimetric Analyzer (TG) and TG–FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared) Techniques
- 2020
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Ingår i: Polymers. - : MDPI. - 2073-4360. ; 12:11
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- TG–FTIR combined technology was used to study the degradation process and gas phase products of epoxy glass fiber reinforced plastic (glass fiber reinforced plastic) under the atmospheres of high purity nitrogen. The pyrolysis characteristics of epoxy glass fiber reinforced plastic were measured under different heating rates (5, 10, 15, 20 °C min−1) from 25 to 1000 °C. The thermogravimetric analyzer (TG) and differential thermogravimetric analyzer (DTG) curves show that the initial temperature, terminal temperature, and temperature of maximum weight loss rate in the pyrolysis reaction phase all move towards high temperature, as the heating rate increases. Epoxy glass fiber reinforced plastic has two stages of thermal weightlessness. The temperature range of the first stage of weight loss is 290–460 °C. The second stage is 460–1000 °C. The above two weight loss stages are caused by pyrolysis of the epoxy resin matrix, and the glass fiber will not decompose. The dynamic parameters of glass fiber reinforced plastic were obtained through the Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), Flynn–Wall-Ozawa (FWO) and advanced Vyazovkin methods in model-free and the Coats–Redfern (CR) method in model fitting. FTIR spectrum result shows that the main components of the product gas are CO2, H2O, carbonyl components, and aromatic components during its pyrolysis.
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| 46. |
- Ren, Luyao, et al.
(författare)
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Quartet DNA reference materials and datasets for comprehensively evaluating germline variant calling performance
- 2023
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Ingår i: Genome Biology. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1465-6906 .- 1474-760X. ; 24:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Genomic DNA reference materials are widely recognized as essential for ensuring data quality in omics research. However, relying solely on reference datasets to evaluate the accuracy of variant calling results is incomplete, as they are limited to benchmark regions. Therefore, it is important to develop DNA reference materials that enable the assessment of variant detection performance across the entire genome.RESULTS: We established a DNA reference material suite from four immortalized cell lines derived from a family of parents and monozygotic twins. Comprehensive reference datasets of 4.2 million small variants and 15,000 structural variants were integrated and certified for evaluating the reliability of germline variant calls inside the benchmark regions. Importantly, the genetic built-in-truth of the Quartet family design enables estimation of the precision of variant calls outside the benchmark regions. Using the Quartet reference materials along with study samples, batch effects are objectively monitored and alleviated by training a machine learning model with the Quartet reference datasets to remove potential artifact calls. Moreover, the matched RNA and protein reference materials and datasets from the Quartet project enables cross-omics validation of variant calls from multiomics data.CONCLUSIONS: The Quartet DNA reference materials and reference datasets provide a unique resource for objectively assessing the quality of germline variant calls throughout the whole-genome regions and improving the reliability of large-scale genomic profiling.
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| 47. |
- Ruilope, LM, et al.
(författare)
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Design and Baseline Characteristics of the Finerenone in Reducing Cardiovascular Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease Trial
- 2019
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Ingår i: American journal of nephrology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1421-9670 .- 0250-8095. ; 50:5, s. 345-356
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- <b><i>Background:</i></b> Among people with diabetes, those with kidney disease have exceptionally high rates of cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality and progression of their underlying kidney disease. Finerenone is a novel, nonsteroidal, selective mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist that has shown to reduce albuminuria in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) while revealing only a low risk of hyperkalemia. However, the effect of finerenone on CV and renal outcomes has not yet been investigated in long-term trials. <b><i>Patients and</i></b> <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The Finerenone in Reducing CV Mortality and Morbidity in Diabetic Kidney Disease (FIGARO-DKD) trial aims to assess the efficacy and safety of finerenone compared to placebo at reducing clinically important CV and renal outcomes in T2D patients with CKD. FIGARO-DKD is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, event-driven trial running in 47 countries with an expected duration of approximately 6 years. FIGARO-DKD randomized 7,437 patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate ≥25 mL/min/1.73 m<sup>2</sup> and albuminuria (urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio ≥30 to ≤5,000 mg/g). The study has at least 90% power to detect a 20% reduction in the risk of the primary outcome (overall two-sided significance level α = 0.05), the composite of time to first occurrence of CV death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, nonfatal stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> FIGARO-DKD will determine whether an optimally treated cohort of T2D patients with CKD at high risk of CV and renal events will experience cardiorenal benefits with the addition of finerenone to their treatment regimen. Trial Registration: EudraCT number: 2015-000950-39; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02545049.
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| 48. |
- Singh, Umashankar, et al.
(författare)
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Carboxypeptidase E in the mouse placenta
- 2006
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Ingår i: Differentiation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0301-4681 .- 1432-0436. ; 74:9-10, s. 648-660
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Carboxypeptidase E (CPE) has important functions in processing of endocrine pro-peptides, such as pro-insulin, pro-opiomelanocortin, or pro-gonadotropin-releasing hormone, as evidenced by the hyperpro-insulinemia, obesity, and sterility of Cpe mutant mice. Down-regulation of Cpe in enlarged placentas of interspecific hybrid (interspecies hybrid placental dysplasia (IHPD)) and cloned mice suggested that reduced CPE enzyme and receptor activity could underlie abnormal placental phenotypes. In this study, we have explored the role of Cpe in murine placentation by determining its expression at various stages of gestation, and by phenotypic analysis of Cpe mutant placentas. Our results show that Cpe and Carboxypeptidase D (Cpd), another carboxypeptidase with a very similar function, are strictly co-localized in the mouse placenta from late mid-gestation to term. We also show that absence of CPE causes a sporadic but striking placental phenotype characterized by an increase in giant and glycogen cell numbers and giant cell hypertrophy. Microarray-based transcriptional pro. ling of Cpe mutant placentas identified only a very small number of genes with altered expression, including Dtprp, which belongs to the prolactin gene family. Concordant deregulation of Cpe and Cpd in abnormal placentas of interspecies hybrids before the onset of IHPD phenotype and recapitulation of some phenotypes of IHPD hyperplastic placentas in Cpe mutant placentas suggests that these two genes are causally involved in IHPD and may function as speciation genes in the genus Mus.
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| 49. |
- Singh, Umashankar, et al.
(författare)
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Expression and Function of the Gene Encoding the Voltage-Dependent Calcium Channel β3-Subunit in the Mouse Placenta
- 2007
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Ingår i: Placenta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0143-4004 .- 1532-3102. ; 28:5-6, s. 412-420
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Voltage-dependent Ca(2+) channels (VDCC) exist in most excitable cells and their properly regulated activity is essential for critical biological processes as many of these are sensitive to cellular Ca(2+) ion concentration. The ancillary cytoplasmic Ca(2+) channel beta subunits (CACNB) modulate Ca(2+) channel function and are required to enhance the number of functional channels in the plasma membrane. There are four genes encoding CACNB subunits and the gene encoding CACNB3 is over expressed in hyperplastic placentas of mouse interspecies hybrids. To determine the role of CACNB3 in the mouse placenta, we performed an expression and function analysis. Our results show that Cacnb3 exhibits specific spatial and temporal expression in the mouse placenta. Deletion of Cacnb3 does not produce a strong placental phenotype, which may be due to expression of other CACNB subunit encoding genes; however, sporadic occurrence of a labyrinthine architecture phenotype, characterized by reduced density of fetal blood vessels and decrease in pericyte number, could be observed. Down-regulation of Cacnb3 expression did not rescue placental hyperplasia in a model of interspecies hybrid placentas, which indicates that up-regulation in the hyperplastic placentas is a downstream event.
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| 50. |
- Singh, Umashankar, et al.
(författare)
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Expression and Functional Analysis of Fibulin-1 (Fbln1) During Normal and Abnormal Placental Development of the Mouse
- 2006
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Ingår i: Placenta. - : Elsevier BV. - 0143-4004 .- 1532-3102. ; 27:9-10, s. 1014-1021
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The extracellular matrix protein fibulin-1 (FBLN1) is an important component of blood vessel walls, as shown by the lethality of mice with homozygous targeted deletion of the Fbln1 gene. Here, we show that a murine placental overgrowth phenotype is associated with elevated Fbln1 transcript levels, suggesting that the gene and its product have a functional role in placentation. Fbln1 exhibits a specific expression pattern in the mouse placenta. Transcripts could not be detected prior to day 12. In subsequent stages, Fbln1 was expressed strongly in the spongiotrophoblast. Other sites of expression were endothelia of large fetal blood vessels, a tissue type reported to not express this gene. In addition, a subset of giant cells expressed the gene. This giant cell specific expression was strongly increased in hyperplastic placentas. Analysis of the placentation in fibulin null mice did not show any abnormality. Attempts to rescue the placental phenotypes of a congenic model of interspecies hybrid placental dysplasia (IHPD) by normalizing expression of Fbln1 proved that Fbln1 alone is not the key cause of phenotypes in these models of placental hyperplasia.
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