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| 13. |
- Bröms, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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A nationwide study of indoor and outdoor environments in allergen avoidance and conventional daycare centers in Sweden
- 2006
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Ingår i: Indoor Air. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0905-6947 .- 1600-0668. ; 16:3, s. 227-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sweden has had specialized 'allergen avoidance daycare centers' (AADC) since 1979. The aim was to compare AADC with ordinary daycare centers (ODC). Through contacts with municipalities and hospitals, 72 AADC were identified. For each AADC, the two nearest ODCs served as controls. A questionnaire was sent to the local directors of the 216 daycare centers (531 sections), 83% responded. A total of 39% of the ODCs had ever had dampness/molds, 12% were near (<500 m) stables/farms, 23% were closer than 50 m to a heavy trafficked road, and 13% were exposed to wood smoke in winter. Only 11% of the AADCs had any child with furred pets at home, while 97% of the ODCs had children with furred pets. Bans on smoking at home and on perfumes were more common at the AADCs (P = 0.001). Fewer AADCs had PVC floors (OR = 0.53; P = 0.01), dampness/molds (OR = 0.55; P = 0.04), shelves (OR 3.03; P = 0.001), curtains (OR = 1.67; P = 0.047), and flowers (OR = 0.03; P < 0.001), while more had daily floor cleaning (OR = 19.9; P = 0.004), weekly wiping of furniture (OR = 11.0; P = 0.001), and washing of pillows/mattresses (OR = 2.74; P = 0.005) and curtains (OR = 9.07; P = 0.001). In conclusion, allergy avoidance daycare centers differ from other daycare centers, and may have better indoor environments. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: There is a need to improve the indoor environments of daycare centers, including reduction of building dampness and molds. Allergen avoidance daycare centers (AADC) in Sweden differ from ordinary daycare centers in many respects, with fewer indoor and building factors related to dust, allergens and irritants. This shows that the indoor environments of daycare centers can be improved. Data suggest that AADC may have lower levels of pet allergens, and this is beneficial for children with pet allergy. The effects of these improvements on indoor exposures and health of the children need to be further evaluated.
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| 14. |
- Bröms, Kristina, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of degree of urbanisation on age and sex-specific asthmaprevalence in Swedish preschool children
- 2009
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 9, s. 303-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There are few studies on age and sex-specific asthma prevalence in the age range 1-6 years. The purpose of this report was to estimate age and sex specific asthma prevalence in preschool children and to analyse the influence of possible demographic and geographic determinants. Methods: All 70 allergen avoidance day-care centres and 140 matched ordinary day-care centres across Sweden were sampled. The parents of all 8,757 children attending these day-care centres received the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) written questionnaire, supplemented with questions on medical treatment, physician assessed asthma diagnosis, and other asthma related questions. The response rate was 68%. Results: The age specific asthma prevalence, adjusted for the underlying municipality population size, was among boys 9.7% at age 1, 11.1% at age 2, 11.4 at age 3, 10.5 at age 4, 8.7 at age 5, and 6.4 at age 6. The corresponding proportions among girls were 8.9%, 9.9%, 9.8%, 8.8%, 7.0%, and 5.0%, on average 9.6% for boys and 8.2% for girls, altogether 8.9%. In addition to age and sex the prevalence increased by municipality population density, a proxy for degree of urbanisation. Moreover, there was a remaining weak geographical gradient with increasing prevalence towards the north and the west. Conclusion: The age-specific asthma prevalence was curvilinear with a peak around age 3 and somewhat higher for boys than for girls. The asthma prevalence increased in a slowly accelerating pace by municipality population density as a proxy for degree of urbanisation.
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| 16. |
- Bröms, Kristina, 1954-, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and co-occurrence of asthma and allergic manifestations in preschool children
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: It has been claimed that preschool children may embark on ‘the atopic march’, which means that atopic manifestations show up one after another in a certain order. The aim of this study was to make an in-depth analysis of the co-occurrence of asthma and atopic manifestations. Methods: Parents of 5886 children 1-6 years of age, sampled from day-care centres in 62 municipalities all over Sweden, responded to a postal questionnaire regarding symptoms indicating prevalent asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema, food allergy, furred pet and pollen allergy and other data in their children. Age specific prevalence of asthma, rhinitis, eczema, and food allergy was computed, adjusted for municipality population size. Results: The overall prevalence of asthma was 8.9%, of eczema 21.7%, of rhinitis 8.1%, and of food allergy 6.6%. There was a highly significant co-occurrence between all asthma-atopic manifestations. Presence of pet allergy was the manifestation showing the closest co-occurrence with presence of asthma, presence of pollen allergy with presence of rhinitis, and presence of food allergy with presence of eczema. Assessed from plots of age specific prevalence of asthma, rhinitis, eczema and food allergy the prevalence of all manifestations increased from one to three years of age and then decreased, except for rhinitis where the prevalence increased until six years of age. There was no evidence of a rank order of asthma and allergy manifestation onset. Conclusions: There was close co-occurrence between all asthma-atopic manifestations but no evidence of a rank order of onsets.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Förlin, Lars, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Effektscreening –Biologisk effektövervakning i förorenade områdenlängs Sveriges kust2017–2018
- 2019
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Undersökningarna visar att samtliga metoder inklusive undersökningar av hälsotillståndet hos fisk, fortplantning och biomarkörer hos vitmärla, lysosomal membranstabilitet hos mussla och imposex hos snäckor med få undantag visade på tydliga effekter i de åtta undersökta och förorenade områdena längs Sveriges kuster. En jämförelse mellan de olika metoderna visar, med undantag för området i Uddevalla/Byfjorden, en tydlig påverkan i resterande undersökta områdena. I Byfjorden noterades mindre stressade musslor och endast låga stadier av imposex hos snäckor medan fiskhälsan kunde konstateras vara påverkad. Utöver Byfjorden gjordes undersökningar med mer än en av metoderna även i Sundsvallsfjärden, Norrsundet, Bråviken, Ronnebyåns mynning och Landskrona. I dessa områden visar jämförelsen mellan metoderna att samtliga indikerar en tydlig påverkan. Att samtliga metoder ger utslag beror sannolikt på att alla valda undersökningsområden har en mycket komplex och ganska påtaglig föroreningsbelastning vilket innebär att det kan förväntas att de flesta organismer som lever i dessa områden kan uppvisa effekter som kan härledas till påverkan av miljöstörande ämnen. I Sverige är den nationella effektbaserade miljöövervakningen i marin miljö väsentligen inriktad på att undersöka effekter av miljögifter i referensområden. Sådana områden karakteriseras av att de ska ligga på stort avstånd från större befolkningscentra och industrier, eller till exempel inte ligga nära stora flodmynningar. Resultaten från denna studie kompletterar den ordinarie miljöövervakningen i referensområden och visar med stor tydlighet att de undersökta områdena är källor för miljöstörande ämnen till vattenmiljön. Undersökningarna visar också att det är önskvärt att kontinuerlig biologisk effektövervakning kommer igång i något eller några påverkade områden inom ramen för den nationella miljöövervakningen för att parallellt följa förändringar i miljön nära eller en bit från påtagliga, mer eller mindre kontinuerliga föroreningskällor i vårt samhälle. Detta skulle också komplettera Sveriges internationella rapportering av miljödata genom att förutom att rapportera effektdata från referensområden även kunna rapportera data från påverkade/förorenade områden.
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| 19. |
- Gasior, P., et al.
(författare)
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Laser-induced removal of co-deposits from graphitic plasma-facing components : Characterization of irradiated surfaces and dust particles
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Materials. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-3115 .- 1873-4820. ; 390-91, s. 585-588
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Laser-induced fuel desorption and ablation of co-deposited layers on limiter plates from the TEXTOR tokamak have been studied. Gas phase composition was monitored in situ, whereas the ex situ studies have been focused on the examination of irradiated surfaces and broad analysis of dust generated by ablation of co-deposits. The size of the dust grains is in the range of few nanometers to hundreds of micrometers. These are fuel-rich dust particles, as determined by nuclear reaction analysis. The presence of deuterium in dust indicates that not all fuel species are transferred to the gas phase during irradiation. This also suggests that photonic removal of fuel and the ablation of co-deposit from plasma-facing components may lead to the redistribution of fuel-containing dust to surrounding areas.
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| 20. |
- Gunnarsson, Iva, et al.
(författare)
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Histopathologic and clinical outcome of rituximab treatment in patients with cyclophosphamide-resistant proliferative lupus nephritis
- 2007
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Ingår i: Arthritis and Rheumatism. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0004-3591 .- 1529-0131. ; 56:4, s. 1263-1272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 marker of B cells. Because of its ability to deplete B lymphocytes, it has been suggested that the drug could be of benefit in B cell-dependent diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The purpose of this study was to investigate the histopathologic and clinical effects of combination treatment with rituximab and cyclophosphamide (CYC) in patients with CYC-resistant proliferative lupus nephritis.METHODS: Seven female patients with proliferative lupus nephritis were treated with rituximab in combination with CYC. Renal biopsies were performed before treatment and during followup. SLE activity was evaluated by the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) and the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group index. In 6 of the 7 patients, immunostaining of lymphocyte subpopulations in the renal tissue was performed before treatment and during followup.RESULTS: At 6 months of followup, significant clinical improvement was noted, with a reduction in SLEDAI scores (from a mean of 15 to 3), anti-double-stranded DNA antibody levels (from a mean of 174 IU/ml to 56 IU/ml), and anti-C1q antibody levels (from a mean of 35 units/ml to 22 units/ml). On repeat renal biopsy, improvement in the histopathologic class of nephritis occurred in a majority of patients, and a decrease in the renal activity index was noted (from 6 to 3). A reduction in the number of CD3, CD4, and CD20 cells in the renal interstitium was noted in 50% of the patients on repeat biopsy.CONCLUSION: At 6 months of followup, all patients had responded both clinically and histopathologically to combination therapy. For patients with proliferative lupus nephritis who fail to respond to conventional immunosuppressive therapy including CYC, combined treatment with rituximab and CYC may constitute a new treatment option.
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| 21. |
- Hirai, T., et al.
(författare)
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Characterization and heat flux testing of beryllium coatings on Inconel for JET ITER-like wall project
- 2007
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Ingår i: Physica Scripta. - 0031-8949 .- 1402-4896. ; T128, s. 166-170
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In order to perform a fully integrated material test, JET has launched the ITER-like wall project with the aim of installing a full metal wall during the next major shutdown. The material foreseen for the main chamber wall is bulk Be at the limiters and Be coatings on inconel tiles elsewhere. R&D process comprises global characterization ( structure, purity etc) of the evaporated films and testing of their performance under heat loads. The major results are (i) the layers have survived energy loads of 20 MJ m(-2) which is significantly above the required level of 5 - 10 MJ m(-2), (ii) melting limit of beryllium coating would be at the energy level of 30 MJ m(-2), (iii) cyclic thermal load of 10 MJ m(-2) for up to 50 cycles have not induced any noticeable damage such as flaking or detachment.
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| 22. |
- Huang, I. H., et al.
(författare)
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Worldwide prevalence and burden of gastroparesis-like symptoms as defined by the United European Gastroenterology (UEG) and European Society for Neurogastroenterology and Motility (ESNM) consensus on gastroparesis
- 2022
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Ingår i: United European Gastroenterology Journal. - : Wiley. - 2050-6406 .- 2050-6414. ; 10:8, s. 888-897
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background/Objectives The global epidemiology of gastroparesis is unknown. The European UEG and European Society for Neurogastroenterology and motility consensus defines Gastroparesis as a condition characterized by delayed gastric emptying in the absence of mechanical obstruction, with a symptom pattern of nausea and/or vomiting and overlapping postprandial distress syndrome (PDS). Real-world evidence of this gastroparesis-like symptom pattern is a crucial step in understanding the epidemiology of gastroparesis. Methods In the Rome Foundation Global Epidemiology Study, 54,127 respondents from 26 countries completed the Rome IV Diagnostic Questionnaire and variables associated with disorders of gut-brain interaction via Internet. We selected subjects with gastroparesis-like symptoms (GPLS) (nausea and/or vomiting >= 1 day/week and simultaneous PDS). Patients reporting organic gastrointestinal disease, or fulfilling criteria for self-induced vomiting, cyclic vomiting or cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome were excluded. We determined prevalence, associated comorbidities, quality of life (QoL) (PROMIS Global-10), symptoms of anxiety and depression (PHQ-4), somatic symptoms (PHQ-12), and healthcare utilization. Results The global prevalence of GPLS was 0.9% overall and 1.3% among diabetic individuals. Subjects with GPLS showed frequent overlapping of epigastric pain syndrome and irritable bowel syndrome. Subjects with GPLS had significantly lower body mass index, QoL, more non-gastrointestinal somatic complaints, symptoms of anxiety and depression, higher medication usage and doctor visits in the overall and diabetic population, compared to subjects without these symptoms. Conclusions GPLS are common worldwide and more common in diabetic patients. The symptom complex is associated with multiple aspects of illness and an increased healthcare consumption.
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| 23. |
- Håversen, Liliana, 1963, et al.
(författare)
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Vimentin deficiency in macrophages induces increased oxidative stress and vascular inflammation but attenuates atherosclerosis in mice
- 2018
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim was to clarify the role of vimentin, an intermediate filament protein abundantly expressed in activated macrophages and foam cells, in macrophages during atherogenesis. Global gene expression, lipid uptake, ROS, and inflammation were analyzed in bone-marrow derived macrophages from vimentin-deficient (Vim(-/-)) and wild-type (Vim(-/-)) mice. Atherosclerosis was induced in Ldlr(-/-) mice transplanted with a PCSK9 gain-of-function virus. The mice were fed an atherogenic diet for 12-15 weeks. We observed impaired uptake of native LDL but increased uptake of oxLDL in Vim(-/-) macrophages. FACS analysis revealed increased surface expression of the scavenger receptor CD36 on Vim(-/-) macrophages. Vim(-/-) macrophages also displayed increased markers of oxidative stress, activity of the transcription factor NF-kappa B, secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and GLUT1-mediated glucose uptake. Vim(-/- )mice displayed decreased atherogenesis despite increased vascular inflammation and increased CD36 expression on macrophages in two mouse models of atherosclerosis. We demonstrate that vimentin has a strong suppressive effect on oxidative stress and that Vim(-/-) mice display increased vascular inflammation with increased CD36 expression on macrophages despite decreased subendothelial lipid accumulation. Thus, vimentin has a key role in regulating inflammation in macrophages during atherogenesis.
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| 24. |
- Jónsdóttir, Thórunn, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term follow-up in lupus nephritis patients treated with rituximab : clinical and histopathological response
- 2013
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Ingår i: Rheumatology. - : Oxford University Press. - 1462-0324 .- 1462-0332. ; 52:5, s. 847-855
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To investigate the long-term clinical, histological and serological affects of B-cell-depleting therapy (BCDT) in patients with LN refractory to conventional treatment.METHODS: Twenty-five patients, followed for a mean time of 36 months (9-95 months), were included. Renal disease activity was evaluated with the BILAG index and renal response was determined according to the LN European consensus statement. Renal biopsies were performed for histological evaluation at baseline and follow-up.RESULTS: Partial response (PR) or complete renal response (CR) was observed in 22 of 25 after a median of 12 months. Sixteen patients achieved CR after a median of 24 months. Six patients experienced a renal relapse. Proteinuria decreased significantly (P = 0.0002) from baseline to 36 months. A noteworthy histological improvement was seen in nearly all patients with a significant reduction in activity index (P = 0.01). Longer depletion time and low baseline values of IgM were indicative of achieving clinical remission during the first year after treatment (P = 0.03 and P = 0.04, respectively).CONCLUSION: In therapy-resistant LN, BCDT induced clinical and histological improvements in the majority of patients. Transition from PR to CR was mainly seen during the second year of follow-up. Patients with longer depletion time and low baseline levels of IgM were more likely to gain a faster remission, suggesting that the clinical benefit may be linked to suppression of autoreactive plasmablasts. Although formal evidence of BCDT in LN is lacking, our data may provide guidance to clinicians considering therapeutic options in patients with refractory LN.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Kadi, F., et al.
(författare)
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The effects of different training programs on the trapezius muscle of women with work-related neck and shoulder myalgia
- 2000
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Ingår i: Acta Neuropathologica. - Berlin : Springer Berlin/Heidelberg. - 0001-6322 .- 1432-0533. ; 100:3, s. 253-258
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to examine the effects of training on the structural characteristics of the trapezius muscle in women with work-related trapezius myalgia. Muscle biopsies were taken before and after 10 weeks of three different training programs (strength, endurance and coordination). Enzyme-immunohistochemical analysis was performed to assess muscle fibre types, fibre area, capillary supply and cytochrome c oxidase (COX) activity. There was an increase in the proportion of type LIA fibres in strength trained group (P < 0.05). Strength training elicited a preferential increase in the area of type II fibres (P < 0.05); both strength and endurance programs induced an increase in the number of capillaries around type I and IIA muscle fibres. Finally, all training programs induced a decrease in the proportion of COX-negative fibres. In conclusion, the trapezius muscle of women with neck and shoulder myalgia is characterised by a great potential of adaptation to physical exercise over a period of 10 weeks. The significant changes in the number of capillaries and the specific changes induced by training at the level of muscle fibres might well explain the improvement of muscle function.
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| 27. |
- Kolesova, N., et al.
(författare)
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Linking contaminant exposure to embryo aberrations in sediment-dwelling amphipods : a multi-basin field study in the Baltic Sea
- 2024
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Ingår i: Ecological Indicators. - 1470-160X .- 1872-7034. ; 160
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Embryo development of sediment-dwelling amphipod Monoporeia affinis is sensitive to contaminant exposure. Therefore, embryo aberrations in gravid females are used to detect the biological effects of contaminant exposure in the Baltic Sea benthic habitats. The indicator based on the aberration frequencies in wild populations (ReproIND) is currently used for environmental status assessment within the Marine Strategy Framework Directive, Descriptor 8.2. However, so far, it has mainly been applied in the Bothnian Sea (BoS) and the Western Gotland Basin (WGB), where it was found to respond to contaminant pressure and non-chemical environmental factors, such as temperature. To expand the applicability of the indicator to other Baltic Sea basins, we used field data from the gulfs of Finland and Riga, BoS, and WGB to investigate the relationships between reproductive disorders and contaminants and environmental factors, thus evaluating the indicator suitability in these areas. Despite the natural variability of the environments and contaminant distribution across and within the basins, we found that high concentrations of contaminants, e.g. metals, PAHs, and PCBs, contribute significantly to the embryo aberrations in M. affinis. These findings support ReproIND applicability in the Baltic Sea and, perhaps, in other marine areas.
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| 28. |
- Kurien, Matthew, et al.
(författare)
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Persistent mucosal damage and the risk of epilepsy in people with celiac disease
- 2018
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Ingår i: European Journal of Neurology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1351-5101 .- 1468-1331. ; 25:3, s. 592-e38
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Celiac disease (CD) is associated with an increased risk of developing epilepsy, a risk that persists after CD diagnosis. A significant proportion of CD patients have persistent villous atrophy (VA) on follow-up biopsy. This study's objective was to determine whether persistent VA on follow-up biopsy affects long-term epilepsy risk and epilepsy-related hospital emergency admissions.METHODS: Nationwide Cohort Study. We identified all people in Sweden with histological evidence of CD who underwent a follow-up small intestinal biopsy (1969-2008). We compared those with persistent VA to those who showed histological improvement, assessing the development of epilepsy and related emergency hospital admissions (defined according to relevant ICD codes in the Swedish Patient Register). Cox regression analysis was used to assess outcome measures.RESULTS: Of 7590 people with CD who had a follow-up biopsy, VA was present in 43%. The presence of persistent VA was significantly associated with a reduced risk of developing newly-diagnosed epilepsy (hazard ratio [HR] 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.38-0.98). On stratified analysis this effect was primarily amongst males (HR 0.35; 95 CI 0.15-0.80). Among the 58 CD patients with a prior diagnosis of epilepsy, those with persistent VA were less likely to visit an emergency department with epilepsy (HR 0.37; 95%CI 0.09-1.09).CONCLUSIONS: In a population-based study of CD individuals, persisting VA on follow up biopsy was associated with reduced future risk of developing epilepsy but did not influence emergency epilepsy-related hospital admissions. Mechanisms as to why persistent VA confers this benefit requires further exploration. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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| 29. |
- Laszkowska, Monika, et al.
(författare)
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Nationwide population-based cohort study of celiac disease and risk of Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and joint hypermobility syndrome
- 2016
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Ingår i: Digestive and Liver Disease. - : Elsevier. - 1590-8658 .- 1878-3562. ; 48:9, s. 1030-1034
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Patients with celiac disease (CD) often have articular complaints, and small prior studies suggest an association with Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS)/joint hypermobility syndrome (JHS). Aims: This study examines the risks of EDS/JHS in patients with CD. Methods: This cohort study compared all individuals in Sweden diagnosed with CD based on small intestinal biopsy between 1969-2008 (n = 28,631) to 139,832 matched reference individuals, and to a second reference group undergoing biopsy without having CD (n = 16,104). Rates of EDS/JHS were determined based on diagnostic codes in the Swedish Patient Register. Hazard ratios (HRs) for EDS/JHS were estimated through Cox regression. Results: There are 45 and 148 cases of EDS/JHS in patients with CD and reference individuals, respectively. This corresponds to a 49% increased risk of EDS/JHS in CD (95% CI = 1.07-2.07). The HR for EDS was 2.43 (95% CI = 1.20-4.91) and for JHS 1.34 (95% CI = 0.93-1.95). Compared to reference individuals undergoing intestinal biopsy, CD was not a risk factor for EDS/JHS. A stronger association was seen in patients initially diagnosed with EDS/JHS and subsequently diagnosed with CD (odds ratio = 2.29; 95% CI = 1.21-4.34). Conclusions: Individuals with CD have higher risk of EDS/JHS than the general population, which may be due to surveillance bias or factors intrinsic to celiac development. (C) 2016 Editrice Gastroenterologica Italiana S.r.l. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Ludvigsson, Jonas F., 1969-, et al.
(författare)
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Adaptation of the Charlson Comorbidity Index for Register-Based Research in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Clinical Epidemiology. - : Dove Medical Press Ltd.. - 1179-1349. ; 13, s. 21-41
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: Comorbidity indices are often used to measure comorbidities in register-based research. We aimed to adapt the Charlson comorbidity index (CCI) to a Swedish setting.Methods: Four versions of the CCI were compared and evaluated by disease-specific experts.Results: We created a cohesive coding system for CCI to 1) harmonize the content between different international classification of disease codes (ICD-7,8,9,10), 2) delete incorrect codes, 3) enhance the distinction between mild, moderate or severe disease (and between diabetes with and without end-organ damage), 4) minimize duplication of codes, and 5) briefly explain the meaning of individual codes in writing.Conclusion: This work may provide an integrated and efficient coding algorithm for CCI to be used in medical register-based research in Sweden.
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| 32. |
- Magne, J., et al.
(författare)
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The minor allele of the missense polymorphism Ser251Pro in perilipin 2 (PLIN2) disrupts an alpha-helix, affects lipolysis, and is associated with reduced plasma triglyceride concentration in humans
- 2013
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Ingår i: Faseb Journal. - : Wiley. - 0892-6638 .- 1530-6860. ; 27:8, s. 3090-3099
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Perilipin 2 (PLIN2) is the most abundant lipid droplet (LD)-associated protein in nonadipose tissue, and its expression correlates with intracellular lipid accumulation. Here we identified a missense polymorphism, Ser251Pro, that has major effect on protein structure and function, along with an influence on human plasma triglyceride concentration. The evolutionarily conserved Ser251Pro polymorphism was identified with the ClustalW program. Structure modeling using 3D-JigSaw and the Chimera package revealed that the Pro251 allele disrupts a predicted -helix in PLIN2. Analyses of macrophages from individuals carrying Ser251Pro variants and human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293) cells stably transfected with either of the alleles demonstrated that the Pro251 variant causes increased lipid accumulation and decreased lipolysis. Analysis of LD size distribution in stably transfected cells showed that the minor Pro251 allele resulted in an increased number of small LDs per cell and increased perilipin 3 protein expression levels as compared with cells carrying the major Ser251 allele. Genotyping of 2113 individuals indicated that the Pro251 variant is associated with decreased plasma triglyceride and very low-density lipoprotein concentrations. Altogether, these data provide the first evidence of a polymorphism in PLIN2 that affects PLIN2 function and may influence the development of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Martella, Giulia, 1993-, et al.
(författare)
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DNA Adductomics for the Biological Effect Assessment of Contaminant Exposure in Marine Sediments
- 2023
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Ingår i: Environmental Science and Technology. - 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 57:29, s. 10591-10603
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exposure to chemical pollution can induce genetic andepigeneticalterations, developmental changes, and reproductive disorders, leadingto population declines in polluted environments. These effects aretriggered by chemical modifications of DNA nucleobases (DNA adducts)and epigenetic dysregulation. However, linking DNA adducts to thepollution load in situ remains challenging, and thelack of evidence-based DNA adductome response to pollution hampersthe development and application of DNA adducts as biomarkers for environmentalhealth assessment. Here, we provide the first evidence for pollutioneffects on the DNA modifications in wild populations of Baltic sentinelspecies, the amphipod Monoporeia affinis. A workflow based on high-resolution mass spectrometry to screenand characterize genomic DNA modifications was developed, and itsapplicability was demonstrated by profiling DNA modifications in theamphipods collected in areas with varying pollution loads. Then, thecorrelations between adducts and the contaminants level (polycyclicaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), trace metals, and pollution indices)in the sediments at the collection sites were evaluated. A total of119 putative adducts were detected, and some (5-me-dC, N-6-me-dA, 8-oxo-dG, and dI) were structurally characterized. The DNAadductome profiles, including epigenetic modifications, differed betweenthe animals collected in areas with high and low contaminant levels.Furthermore, the correlations between the adducts and PAHs were similaracross the congeners, indicating possible additive effects. Also,high-mass adducts had significantly more positive correlations withPAHs than low-mass adducts. By contrast, correlations between theDNA adducts and trace metals were stronger and more variable thanfor PAHs, indicating metal-specific effects. These associations betweenDNA adducts and environmental contaminants provide a new venue forcharacterizing genome-wide exposure effects in wild populations andapply DNA modifications in the effect-based assessment of chemicalpollution. DNA adductome analysis identifiesexposure to environmentalcontaminants in a sentinel species in the Baltic Sea.
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| 39. |
- Rubel, Marek J., et al.
(författare)
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An overview of a comprehensive First Mirror Test for ITER at JET
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Nuclear Materials. - Amsterdam : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0022-3115 .- 1873-4820. ; 390-91, s. 1066-1069
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The test was performed with 32 stainless steel and molybdenum mirrors placed in pan-pipe shaped cassettes and exposed in JET in the divertor and on the main chamber wall for 127000 s including 97000 s of X-point operation. Surface composition and total reflectivity were determined afterwards All mirrors. from the divertor were coated with deuterated carbon deposits causing the reflectivity loss by a factor of 6-10 in the visible range. Flaking and exfoliation of deposits were observed in some cases On the main. chamber wall the deposition occurred mainly on mirrors located deep in cassette channels whereas mirrors close to the channels entrances were free from deposits and retained fair reflectivity (similar to 90% of initial value) especially in the infra-red range. No significant differences in behaviour of steel and molybdenum were noted. The need for development of methods for mirror cleaning and/or protection in a reactor-class device is addressed.
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| 40. |
- Rubel, Marek J., et al.
(författare)
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Beryllium plasma-facing components for the ITER-Like Wall Project at JET
- 2008
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Ingår i: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 17TH INTERNATIONAL VACUUM CONGRESS/13TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SURFACE SCIENCE/INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON NANOSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. - : IOP Publishing.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- ITER-Like Wall Project has been launched at the JET tokamak in order to study a tokamak operation with beryllium components on the main chamber wall and tungsten in the divertor. To perform this first comprehensive test of both materials in a thermonuclear fusion environment, a broad program has been undertaken to develop plasma-facing components and assess their performance under high power loads. The paper provides a concise report on scientific and technical issues in the development of a beryllium first wall at JET.
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| 45. |
- Sundelin, Heléne E. K., et al.
(författare)
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Autism and epilepsy : A population-based nationwide cohort study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Neurology. - Philadelphia, USA : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0028-3878 .- 1526-632X. ; 87:2, s. 192-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in individuals with epilepsy and in their first-degree relatives to determine shared etiology.Methods: Through the Swedish Patient Register, we identified 85,201 individuals with epilepsy, as well as all their siblings (n = 80,511) and offspring (n = 98,534). Each individual with epilepsy was compared with 5 controls, matched for age, sex, calendar period, and county, while siblings and offspring were compared with siblings and offspring of controls. We excluded siblings and offspring with epilepsy. Using Cox regression, we calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for future diagnosis of ASD. Logistic regression was applied to calculate odds ratios (ORs) for prior diagnosis of ASD.Results: During follow-up, 1,381 (1.6%) individuals with epilepsy and 700 (0.2%) controls were diagnosed with ASD. Individuals with epilepsy were therefore at increased risk of future ASD (HR 10.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] 9.55-11.53), with the highest risk seen in individuals diagnosed with epilepsy in childhood. Both siblings (HR 1.62, 95% CI 1.43-1.83) and offspring (HR 1.64, 95% CI 1.46-1.84) of epilepsy patients were at increased risk of ASD. The risk in the offspring was particularly high in mothers with epilepsy (HR 1.91; 95% CI 1.63-2.23). Epilepsy was also associated with a prior diagnosis of ASD (OR 4.56, 95% CI 4.02-5.18).Conclusions: Individuals with epilepsy are at increased risk of ASD, especially if epilepsy appears in childhood. Further, ASD is more common in the siblings and offspring of individuals with epilepsy, suggesting shared etiology.
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| 46. |
- Sundelin, Heléne E.K. 1965-
(författare)
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Comorbidity and complications in neurological diseases
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Neurological diseases are complex and many share etiology as well as comorbidities. Epilepsy, a brain disorder characterized by an enduring predisposition to generate epileptic seizures and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), are considered to be associated, but the connection is still not fully uncovered. Cerebral palsy (CP), a lifelong, nonspecific, non-progressive disorder of posture and movement control, and Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS), a connective tissue disorder, both have many consequences for health and wellbeing throughout life.Aims: The aim of this thesis was to explore the impact of comorbidity and complications in neurological diseases and EDS. The objective was to gain information on the nature of the connection between epilepsy and ASD, if EDS, ASD and CP have consequences for pregnancy outcome, and the risk of traffic accidents in individuals with epilepsy.Materials and methods: The studies are all historical observational population- based cohort studies with prospectively collected data from national registers. The risk of ASD was analysed in 85,201 individuals with epilepsy and compared with 425,760 controls as well as for their firstdegree relatives. In a cohort of 1,248,178 singleton births, 314 births to women with EDS, 2,072 births to women with ASD, and 770 births to women with CP, pregnancy outcome was explored. The risk of traffic accidents was estimated in 29,220 individuals with epilepsy and 267,637 matched controls.Results: There is an increased risk of; ASD in individuals with epilepsy and their relatives, moderately preterm birth and pre-eclampsia in maternal ASD, of preterm birth in maternal CP and transport accidents in individuals with epilepsy. There is no increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcome in women with EDS.Conclusions: This thesis found proofs of a bidirectional association between epilepsy and ASD, that ASD and CP have consequences for pregnancy outcome and epilepsy is a risk factor for traffic accidents.
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| 47. |
- Sundelin, H. E. K., et al.
(författare)
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Pediatric Ischemic Stroke and Epilepsy A Nationwide Cohort Study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Stroke. - : Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health). - 0039-2499 .- 1524-4628. ; 52:11, s. 3532-3540
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Purpose: The risk of epilepsy after stroke has not been thoroughly explored in pediatric ischemic stroke. We examined the risk of epilepsy in children with ischemic stroke as well as in their first-degree relatives. Methods: In Swedish National Registers, we identified 1220 children <18 years with pediatric ischemic stroke diagnosed 1969 to 2016, alive 7 days after stroke and with no prior epilepsy. We used 12 155 age- and sex-matched individuals as comparators. All first-degree relatives to index individuals and comparators were also identified. The risk of epilepsy was estimated in children with ischemic stroke and in their first-degree relatives using Cox proportional hazard regression model. Results: Through this nationwide population-based study, 219 (18.0%) children with ischemic stroke and 91 (0.7%) comparators were diagnosed with epilepsy during follow-up corresponding to a 27.8-fold increased risk of future epilepsy (95% CI, 21.5-36.0). The risk of epilepsy was still elevated after 20 years (hazard ratio [HR], 7.9 [95% CI, 3.3-19.0]), although the highest HR was seen in the first 6 months (HR, 119.4 [95% CI, 48.0-297.4]). The overall incidence rate of epilepsy was 27.0 per 100 000 person-years (95% CI, 21.1-32.8) after ischemic stroke diagnosed <= day 28 after birth (perinatal) and 11.6 per 100 000 person-years (95% CI, 9.6-13.5) after ischemic stroke diagnosed >= day 29 after birth (childhood). Siblings and parents, but not offspring, to children with ischemic stroke were at increased risk of epilepsy (siblings: HR, 1.64 [95% CI, 1.08-2.48] and parents: HR, 1.41 [95% CI, 1.01-1.98]). Conclusions: The risk of epilepsy after ischemic stroke in children is increased, especially after perinatal ischemic stroke. The risk of epilepsy was highest during the first 6 months but remained elevated even 20 years after stroke which should be taken into account in future planning for children affected by stroke.
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
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| 50. |
- Sundelin, Heléne, et al.
(författare)
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Epilepsy, antiepileptic drugs, and serious transport accidents : A nationwide cohort study
- 2018
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Ingår i: Neurology. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0028-3878 .- 1526-632X. ; 90:13, s. E1111-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To investigate the association between epilepsy and antiepileptic drugs and serious transport accidents requiring emergency care or resulting in death.Methods: We identified 29,220 individuals 18 years or older with epilepsy without cerebral palsy or intellectual disability and 267,637 matched controls using Swedish registers. This nationwide cohort was followed from 2006 to 2013 for serious transport accidents. We used Cox regression to analyze the risk of serious transport accidents between individuals with epilepsy and matched controls, and then stratified Cox regression to compare the risk during periods of medication with the risk during nonmedication period within the same individual with epilepsy. We adjusted for civil status, employment, education, living area, psychiatric disorders prior to the start of follow-up, and psychotropic medication.Results: Compared to matched controls, individuals with epilepsy were at increased risk of serious transport accidents (hazard ratio [HR] 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.29-1.46). There were increased risks of pedestrian accidents (HR 2.24, 95% CI 1.69-2.97), bicycle accidents (HR 1.68, 95% CI 1.49-1.89) and car accidents (HR 1.31, 95% CI 1.19-1.44). However, among patients with a diagnosis of epilepsy, use of antiepileptic drugs did not influence the risk of serious transport accidents in population-level comparisons (HR 0.97; 95% CI 0.85-1.11) or within-individual comparisons (HR 0.99; 95% CI 0.69-1.42).Conclusion: Serious transportation accidents were more common in individuals with epilepsy, but this risk was independent of use of antiepileptic drugs.
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