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- Gode, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Membrane Durability in a PEM Fuel Cell Studied Using PVDF Based Radiation Grafted Membranes
- 2003
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Ingår i: Fuel Cells. - : Wiley. - 1615-6846 .- 1615-6854. ; 3:1-2, s. 21-27
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The durability testing of membranes for use in a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) has been studied in situ by a combination of galvanostatic steady-state and impedance measurements. The PEFC measurements, which are time consuming, have been compared to fast ex situ testing in 3% H2O 2 solution. For the direct assessment of membrane degradation micro-Raman spectroscopy and determination of ion exchange capacity (IEC) have been used. PVDF based membranes, radiation grafted with styrene and sulfonated, were used as model membranes. By using low degrees of grafting, below about 35%, the durability of this type of membrane can be increased. Degradation in the fuel cell was found to be highly localised. It was found that in situ measurements in the PEFC alone are not sufficient. Measurement of the cell resistance via impedance is not always a reliable indicator of changes in membrane resistance because other resistance changes in the cell can easily interfere and cannot be separated from those caused by the membrane. Micro-Raman is an ideal complementary method to in situ testing, but it is time consuming. For fast pre-screening of membrane durability mass loss measurements during exposure to 3% H2O2 solution combined with the determination of changes in the IEC can be performed.
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| 6. |
- Neelov, I.M., et al.
(författare)
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Computer simulations of stretching and collapse of polymer molecules in solution
- 2003
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Ingår i: Macromolecular Symposia. - : Wiley. - 1022-1360 .- 1521-3900. ; 191
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Computer simulations are reported for system of linear polymer molecules, diblock copolymer and dendrimer in dilute solution without and with elongational flow. The effect of fluctuating hydrodynamics interactions (HI) on the coil-stretch transition of linear polymers and dendrimers in elongational flow is studied. The process of coiling of homo- and blockcopolymer from completely extended state is also simulated.
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- Danielsson, A, et al.
(författare)
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Reliability and Validity of the Dyskinesia Impairment Scale in Children and Young Adults with Inherited or Idiopathic Dystonia
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical medicine. - : MDPI AG. - 2077-0383. ; 9:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The Dyskinesia Impairment Scale (DIS) is a new assessment scale for dystonia and choreoathetosis in children and youth with dyskinetic cerebral palsy. Today, the Burke–Fahn–Marsden Dystonia Rating Scale (BFM) is mostly used to assess dystonia in children with inherited dystonia. The aim of this study was to assess reliability and validity of the DIS in children and youth with inherited or idiopathic dystonia. Methods: Reliability was measured by (1) the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for inter-rater and test-retest reliability, as well as (2) standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimal detectable difference (MDD). For concurrent validity of the DIS-dystonia subscale, the BFM was administered. Results: In total, 11 males and 9 females (median age 16 years and 7 months, range 6 to 24 years) were included. For inter-rater reliability, the ICCs for the DIS total score and the dystonia and choreoathetosis subscale scores were 0.83, 0.87, and 0.71, respectively. For test-retest reliability, the ICCs for the DIS total score and the dystonia and choreoathetosis subscale scores were 0.95, 0.88, and 0.93, respectively. The SEM and MDD for the total DIS were 3.98% and 11.04%, respectively. The Spearman correlation coefficient between the dystonia subscale and the BFM was 0.88 (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Good to excellent inter-rater, test-retest reliability, and validity were found for the total DIS and the dystonia subscale. The choreoathetosis subscale showed moderate inter-rater reliability and excellent test-retest reliability. The DIS may be a promising tool to assess dystonia and choreoathetosis in children and young adults with inherited or idiopathic dystonia.
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| 15. |
- Helmerson, Birgitta, et al.
(författare)
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A pilot study of the feasibility of a Swedish multimodal group intervention for severe migraine - The migraine patient school
- 2021
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Ingår i: Cephalalgia Reports. - : SAGE. - 2515-8163. ; 4, s. 1-9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: To evaluate a multidisciplinary group intervention, the migraine patient school (MPS), for patients with severe, mostly chronic migraine. Method: A 13-week group intervention program including seven sessions of patient education, practical body awareness and relaxation exercises, and home assignments was performed in small groups with 5–11 participants. Four groups were consecutively included from spring 2014 to fall 2015. Headache diaries and standardized and study-specific questionnaires were used for evaluation at baseline before MPS (pre-interventional phase), and at follow-up. Results: Twenty-four of 30 included patients completed the study, i.e. attended ≥ four sessions. Most participants found it rewarding to participate in the MPS and easy to take part in, understand and complete home assignments. Validated standardized questionnaires delivered before, and after (follow-up) MPS showed that the impact on life (HIT-6) and avoidance behavior (PIPS-A) were significantly improved whereas quality of life (MSQL), anxiety and depression (HAD) and perceived stress (PSS-14) did not show a statistically significant change. Conclusion: The Migraine patient school with a multimodal educational and behavioral group intervention program was feasible to perform and seem to benefit patients with severe (high-frequency or chronic) migraine. © The Author(s) 2021.
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- Mattsson, B., et al.
(författare)
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Raman scattering investigations of PEO and PPO sulphonic acids
- 1997
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Ingår i: Solid State Ionics. - : Elsevier. - 0167-2738 .- 1872-7689. ; 97:1-4, s. 309-314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Sulphonic acid derivatives of polyethers, of interest as proton conducting materials, were investigated using Raman spectroscopy, focusing on influence of hydration on ion configuration and polymer conformation. Upon increasing hydration we observe a polarised mode building up at approximately 1040 cm-1, assigned to the symmetric stretching vibration of a completely hydrated SO3- group. The data suggest that the proton-sulphonic groups do not dissociate until the materials are considerably hydrated thus explaining the low proton conductivities found for these materials below a relative humidity of 75%.
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| 20. |
- Meyer, S, et al.
(författare)
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Somatosensory Impairments in the Upper Limb Poststroke: Distribution and Association With Motor Function and Visuospatial Neglect
- 2016
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Ingår i: Neurorehabilitation and neural repair. - : SAGE Publications. - 1552-6844 .- 1545-9683. ; 30:8, s. 731-742
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background. A thorough understanding of the presence of different upper-limb somatosensory deficits poststroke and the relation with motor performance remains unclear. Additionally, knowledge about the relation between somatosensory deficits and visuospatial neglect is limited. Objective. To investigate the distribution of upper-limb somatosensory impairments and the association with unimanual and bimanual motor outcomes and visuospatial neglect. Methods. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted, including 122 patients within 6 months after stroke (median = 82 days; interquartile range = 57-133 days). Somatosensory measurement included the Erasmus MC modification of the (revised) Nottingham Sensory Assessment (Em-NSA), Perceptual Threshold of Touch (PTT), thumb finding test, 2-point discrimination, and stereognosis subscale of the NSA. Upper-limb motor assessment comprised the Fugl-Meyer assessment, motricity index, Action Research Arm Test, and Adult-Assisting Hand Assessment Stroke. Screening for visuospatial neglect was performed using the Star Cancellation Test. Results. Upper-limb somatosensory impairments were common, with prevalence rates ranging from 21% to 54%. Low to moderate Spearman ρ correlations were found between somatosensory and motor deficits ( r = 0.22-0.61), with the strongest associations for PTT ( r = 0.56-0.61) and stereognosis ( r = 0.51-0.60). Visuospatial neglect was present in 27 patients (22%). Between-group analysis revealed somatosensory deficits that occurred significantly more often and more severely in patients with visuospatial neglect ( P < .05). Results showed consistently stronger correlations between motor and somatosensory deficits in patients with visuospatial neglect ( r = 0.44-0.78) compared with patients without neglect ( r = 0.08-0.59). Conclusions. Somatosensory impairments are common in subacute patients poststroke and are related to motor outcome. Visuospatial neglect was associated with more severe upper-limb somatosensory impairments.
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| 22. |
- Moilanen, A.M., et al.
(författare)
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FTIR and strengthening studies on liquid crystalline oligomers of 2-thioalkoxy/2-alkoxyhydroquinones and terephthaloyl chloride
- 2000
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Ingår i: Polymer. - : Elsevier Science Ltd, Exeter, United Kingdom. - 0032-3861 .- 1873-2291. ; 41:20, s. 7297-7302
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The properties of liquid crystalline (LC) oligomers produced from 2-thioalkoxyhydroquinones (2-thioalkoxyHQs) and 2-alkoxyhydroquinones (2-alkoxyHQs) with terephthaloyl chloride (1a-c, 2a-c) have been studied and their compatibility with polyamide 11 (PA 11) has been investigated. FTIR studies showed two conformations of the synthesized oligomers. A three-point bending test indicated that oligomeric chains could strengthen the final flexural properties of the polyamide. Strength of PA 11 was increased by addition of only 1% of LC oligomers to the matrix. Compatibility between oligomer chains and PA 11 was lower than the compatibility between corresponding oligomers of 2-alkoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acids (2-alkoxyHBAs) and PA 11. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.The properties of liquid crystalline (LC) oligomers produced from 2-thioalkoxyhydroquinones (2-thioalkoxyHQs) and 2-alkoxyhydroquinones (2-alkoxyHQs) with terephthaloyl chloride (1a-c, 2a-c) have been studied and their compatibility with polyamide 11 (PA 11) has been investigated. FTIR studies showed two conformations of the synthesized oligomers. A three-point bending test indicated that oligomeric chains could strengthen the final flexural properties of the polyamide. Strength of PA 11 was increased by addition of only 1% of LC oligomers to the matrix. Compatibility between oligomer chains and PA 11 was lower than the compatibility between corresponding oligomers of 2-alkoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acids (2-alkoxyHBAs) and PA 11.
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| 24. |
- Sundholm, A, et al.
(författare)
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A national Swedish case-control study investigating incidence and factors associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension
- 2021
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Ingår i: Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache. - : SAGE Publications. - 1468-2982. ; 41:14, s. 1427-1436
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To study the incidence of idiopathic intracranial hypertension in Sweden and to explore whether previously proposed risk factors are associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension by investigating the odds of exposure one year prior to diagnosis in patients compared to controls. Methods Using Swedish health care registers and validated diagnostic algorithms, idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients diagnosed between 2000–2016 were compared with randomly selected matched controls, five from the general population and five with obesity. Results We identified 902 idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients and 4510 matched individuals in each control group. Mean incidence among inhabitants ≥18 years of age was 0.71 per 100,000; rising from 0.53 in 2000–2005 to 0.95 in 2012–2016. There were increased odds for idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients compared to general population for exposure to: kidney failure (odds ratio =13.2 (4.1–42.0)), arterial hypertension (odds ratio =17.5 (10.5–29.3)), systemic lupus erythematosus (odds ratio =13.8 (4.3–44.7)), tetracyclines, sulphonamides, lithium, and corticosteroids. In obese controls, odds ratios were also significantly increased for these exposures. Hormonal contraceptive use and exposure to pregnancy did not appear to be associated factors for idiopathic intracranial hypertension development. Conclusions The incidence of idiopathic intracranial hypertension in Sweden is lower relative to reports from other countries but is on the rise. This case-control study confirms several previously reported risk factors associated with idiopathic intracranial hypertension.
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| 29. |
- Sundholm, A, et al.
(författare)
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Infectious and inflammatory disorders might increase the risk of developing idiopathic intracranial hypertension - a national case-control study
- 2020
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Ingår i: Cephalalgia : an international journal of headache. - : SAGE Publications. - 1468-2982. ; 40:10, s. 1084-1094
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate whether conditions causing inflammatory activation are associated with increased risk of idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Methods All newly diagnosed idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients (cases) in Sweden between 2000–2016 were identified using pre-determined algorithms (n = 902) and matched with five controls from the general population and five individuals with an obesity diagnosis (n = 4510) for age, sex, region, and vital status. National health registers provided information on infections, inflammatory disorders and dispensed medications. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Results Compared to general population controls, the cases had fourfold increased odds of having an infection (odds ratio = 4.3, 95% confidence interval 3.3–5.6), and threefold increased odds of an inflammatory disorder the year prior to idiopathic intracranial hypertension diagnosis (odds ratio = 3.2, 95% confidence interval 2.4–4.3). Organ specific analyses showed that odds were increased for the study diseases in the respiratory organ, kidney organ and gastrointestinal tract, but not for female genital infections. Similar results were found when comparing idiopathic intracranial hypertension with obese controls though the odds ratios were of lower magnitude. Sub-analyses on exposure to anti-infectious and anti-inflammatory drugs confirmed the increased odds ratios for idiopathic intracranial hypertension patients. Conclusions These findings suggest that major inflammatory activation may be a risk factor in idiopathic intracranial hypertension development.
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| 31. |
- Sundholm, A, et al.
(författare)
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Syndrome of Transient Headache and Neurologic Deficits with Cerebrospinal Fluid Lymphocytosis (HaNDL): HHV-7 Finding in Cerebrospinal Fluid Challenges Diagnostic Criteria
- 2023
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Ingår i: Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland). - : MDPI AG. - 2076-0817. ; 12:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The syndrome of transient headache and neurologic deficits with cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis (HaNDL) is a rare, self-limiting condition with severe headaches combined with neurological symptoms. However, evidence-based recommendations on diagnostics and treatments are unavailable due to the condition’s rarity and unknown pathophysiology. A young man experiencing severe headache attacks fulfilled the HaNDL diagnostic criteria according to the third edition of the International Classification of Headache Disorders (ICHD-3). We present the dynamics of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers related to low human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) load and anti-inflammatory treatment outcomes. Low HHV-7 load may be an immunological trigger of HaNDL, such that elevated levels of CSF- chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 13 open a new way to interpret the role of B cells in HaNDL pathogenesis. We discuss the diagnostic challenge of HaNDL, according to the ICHD-3, in the case of pathogen presence at low load in CSF.
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| 32. |
- Sundholm, JKM, et al.
(författare)
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Early Arterial Intimal Thickening and Plaque Is Related with Treatment Regime and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Young Adults Following Childhood Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of clinical medicine. - : MDPI AG. - 2077-0383. ; 9:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The long-term vascular effects following childhood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are not well characterized. We compared arterial wall morphology and function using very-high resolution ultrasound (25–55 MHz) in 62 patients following autologous (n = 19) or allogenic (n = 43) HSCT for childhood malignancies and hematological disease (median age 25.9 years, IQR 21.1–30.1; median follow-up time 17.5 years IQR 14.1–23.0) with an age matched healthy control group (n = 44). Intima-media thickness of carotid (CIMT 0.49 ± 0.11 vs. 0.42 ± 0.06 mm, p < 0.001), brachial, femoral, radial arteries, and local carotid stiffness, but not adventitial thickness, were increased (p < 0.001). Diffuse intimal thickening (>0.06 mm) of femoral or radial arteries (n = 17) and subclinical carotid or femoral plaques (n = 18) were more common (p < 0.001). Radiation predicted plaques (p < 0.001) and local carotid stiffness (p < 0.001), but not intimal thickening. CIMT was predicted by age, BMI >30 kg/m2, hsCRP >2.5 mg/L, hypertension, HbA1c > 42 mmol/L, and cumulative anthracycline >150 mg/m2. Cumulative metabolic syndrome criteria and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors were more common among HSCT and related with CIMT (p < 0.001), but CIMT was similar among controls and HSCT without CVD risk factors. Long-term childhood HSCT survivors show early arterial aging related with radiation, metabolic, and CVD risk factors. Prevention of risk factors could potentially decelerate early arterial wall thickening.
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| 33. |
- Ullenhag, A., et al.
(författare)
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Differences in patterns of participation in leisure activities in Swedish children with and without disabilities
- 2014
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Ingår i: Disability and Rehabilitation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0963-8288 .- 1464-5165. ; 36:6, s. 464-471
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To compare participation in leisure activities between Swedish children with and without disabilities and to examine whether age, gender, presence of disabilities, and mother's educational level influence participation. Method: A Swedish version of the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment was used to study the diversity, intensity, and enjoyment of participation in leisure activities of children aged 6 to 17 years. Fifty-five of the children had disabilities and 337 of the children did not have disabilities. A multiple regression analysis was conducted to explore the impact of age, gender, mother's level of education, and disability on the diversity, intensity, and enjoyment of leisure activities. A t-test for independent samples was used to compare the diversity and intensity of participation between children with and without disabilities. Results: The multiple regression analysis explained 4-36% of the variance of diversity, intensity, and enjoyment. Children with disabilities participated with higher diversity, but with less intensity, than children without disabilities. Younger children had higher levels of enjoyment. Conclusions: Children with disabilities participated in several different activities, but the presence of a disability was associated with lower intensity of participation. The low explanatory value of the investigated variables indicates that the combined effect of several variables needs to be taken into consideration when designing participation interventions.Implications for RehabilitationChildren with disabilities participated in a high number of activities but with a low intensity compared to children without disabilities. Analysis of the children's personal and environmental barriers and facilitators is critical to providing the therapist with ideas about which strategies should be implemented to increase participation. Assessment and intervention may need to focus on methods for supporting the children's autonomy and on creating goals for intervention that focus on activities that are determined by the child based on their interests and desires.Age and gender influenced the variance in the diversity and enjoyment outcome and the presence of disability was associated with the intensity outcome.Age, gender, parental educational level, and disability only explain a small proportion of the variance in leisure participation patterns. Thus, client-centred and individually tailored interventions are needed that are based on the individual's unique situation. © 2014 Informa UK Ltd. All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted.
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