| 1. |
- Larsson, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Bacterial contamination of suction catheter tips during aortic valve replacement surgery: a prospective observational cohort study.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Patient safety in surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1754-9493. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bacterial mediastinitis is a severe complication after open heart surgery. The infection causes prolonged hospitalization and an increased mortality risk. Observations from orthopaedic surgery showed that the suction catheter used during surgery is commonly contaminated with bacteria. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence of suction catheter contamination in cardiac surgery and to study if suction time influences the contamination risk.
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| 2. |
- Massri, Camila, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of the Food-Labeling and Advertising Law Banning Competitive Food and Beverages in Chilean Public Schools, 2014-2016
- 2019
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Ingår i: American Journal of Public Health. - : AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC. - 0090-0036 .- 1541-0048. ; 109:9, s. 1249-1254
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives. To evaluate the impact of a national law banning sales of competitive food and beverages (CF&B) in schools on the availability of CF&B sold at school kiosks. Methods. This study was uncontrolled before and after study. We evaluated public schools in Santiago de Chile (n = 21; 78% response rate) in 2014 and 2016 (6 months after the law came into force). Trained personnel collected data on calories, total sugars, saturated fat, and sodium from food labels. The outcome was the percentage of foods exceeding the cutoff levels defined in the law and the mean difference between 2014 and 2016. Results. Foods exceeding any cutoffs decreased from 90.4% in 2014 to 15.0% in 2016. Solid products had a substantial reduction in calories, sugar, saturated fat, and sodium. Liquid products had a reduction in calories, total sugar, and saturated fat, whereas sodium increased. This was a result of changes in product mix. Conclusions. A ban on sales of CF&B reduced the availability of CF&B at Santiago's school kiosks. Further research should examine the impact of this ban on food intake and health outcomes.
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| 3. |
- Sundh, M., et al.
(författare)
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Formation of Supported Lipid Bilayers at Surfaces with Controlled Curvatures: Influence of Lipid Charge
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Physical Chemistry B. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1520-5207 .- 1520-6106. ; 115:24, s. 7838-7848
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have developed and characterized novel biomimetic membranes, formed at nanostructured sensor substrates with controlled curvatures, motivated by the many biological processes that involve membrane curvature. Model systems with convex nanostructures, with radii of curvatures (ROCs) of 70, 75, and 95 nm, were fabricated utilizing colloidal assembly and used as substrates for supported lipid bilayers (SLBs). The SLBs were formed via vesicle adsorption and rupture, and the vesicle deposition pathway was studied by means of quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) and fluorescence microscopy. SLBs conforming to the underlying nanostructured surfaces, which exhibit increased surface area with decreased ROC, were confirmed from excess mass, monitored by QCM-D, and excess total fluorescence intensities. The formation of SLBs at the nanostructured surfaces was possible, however, depending on the ROC of the structures and the lipid vesicle charge the quality varied. The presence of nanostructures was shown to impair vesicle rupture and SLB formation was progressively hindered at surfaces with structures of decreasing ROCs. The introduction of a fraction of the positively charged lipid POEPC in the lipid vesicle membrane allowed for good quality and conformal bilayers at all surfaces. Alternatively, for vesicles formed from lipid mixtures with a fraction of the negatively charged lipid POPS, SLB formation was not at all possible at surfaces with the lowest ROC. Interestingly, the vesicle adsorption rate and the SLB formation were faster at surfaces with nanostructures of progressively smaller ROCs at high ratios of POPS in the vesicles. Development of templated SLBs with controlled curvatures provides a new experimental platform, especially at the nanoscale, at which membrane events such as lipid sorting, phase separation, and protein binding can be studied.
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| 4. |
- Sundh, M., et al.
(författare)
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Influence of phase separating lipids on supported lipid bilayer formation at SiO2 surfaces
- 2010
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Ingår i: Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9084 .- 1463-9076. ; 12:2, s. 453-460
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The importance of the lipid phase on the formation of supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) via vesicle fusion and on the resulting SLB homogeneity at SiO2 surfaces has been studied by the quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) monitoring technique. Physiologically relevant lipid compositions were chosen to correspond to different regions (l(d), l(o) and coexistence of phases) in established phase diagrams of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (POPC), N-palmitoyl-D-erythro-sphingosylphosphorylcholine (PSM) and cholesterol. For most compositions, SLBs formed through vesicle rupture in a critical-surface-coverage dependent manner. Inclusion of PSM and cholesterol into POPC vesicles significantly impaired the vesicle rupture process such that a higher critical concentration of vesicles on the surface was needed before the rupture process started. When increasing the cholesterol content the vesicles formed SLBs containing more defects in the form of intact vesicles adsorbed on the surface up to a point (lo phase) where vesicles did not break at all but formed supported vesicular layers. The hampering of vesicle rupture is interpreted in terms of the ability of cholesterol to accommodate vesicle deformation. Experiments using elevated temperatures to alter the lipid membrane into a more fluid phase significantly improved the quality of the SLB showing the importance of both cholesterol content and the lipid phase on SLB homogeneity.
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| 5. |
- Sundh, M., et al.
(författare)
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Supported Lipid Bilayers With Controlled Curvature via Colloidal Lithography
- 2011
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Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Nanobioscience. - 1536-1241. ; 10:3, s. 187-193
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Supported lipid bilayers (SLBs) at surfaces provide a route to quantitatively study molecular interactions with and at lipid membranes via different surface-based analytical techniques. Here, a method to fabricate SLBs with controlled curvatures, in the nanometer regime over large areas, is presented, utilizing lipid vesicle rupture onto nanostructured sensor substrates. Heat treated colloidal particle masks were used as templates to produce silicon dioxide films with systematically varied radius of curvature (ROC, 70 to 170 nm are demonstrated) and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) was used to confirm vesicle rupture onto such structured surfaces. Fluorescence microscopy was used to show fluidity of the supported membranes. The formation of confluent SLBs is demonstrated at the nanostructured surfaces from vesicles composed of POPC lipids. However, at surfaces with decreasing ROCs, vesicle rupture was hindered but with an increasing fraction of the positively charged lipid POEPC in the vesicles, it was possible to form good quality supported bilayers on all curvatures studied. Curved SLBs open up the possibility to systematically study the influence of curvature on molecular interactions at lipid membranes.
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