| 1. |
- Bengtsson, Mattias, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Path Reinforcer or Policy Accelerator? COVID-19 and Scandinavian Social Protection Reform Trajectories
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies. - 2245-0157. ; , s. 1-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A pandemic may change the use of social protection systems. In this article, we compare Scandinavian reform trajectories of unemployment benefits and sickness benefits following the COVID-19 pandemic. From an institutional theory perspective, we have analyzed official documents on regulations proposed in government bills, public inquiries, reports, and secondary literature published between March 2020 and December 2023, as well as interview data from key actors representing the state, the social partners, and related stakeholder organizations. The findings show that Denmark and Norway implemented mostly provisional reforms and thus ended in path reinforcement. In Sweden, on the contrary, numerous provisional reforms during the pandemic turned out to become permanent in the post-pandemic period. As the pandemic legitimized permanent changes that in some cases had been debated for a long time in Sweden, it thus came to act as a path-clearing policy accelerator.
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| 2. |
- Berglund, Tomas, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Temporary Contracts, Employment Trajectories and Dualisation : A Comparison of Norway and Sweden
- 2023
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Ingår i: Work, Employment and Society. - : Sage Publications. - 0950-0170 .- 1469-8722. ; 37:2, s. 505-524
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This study compares the labour market trajectories of the temporary employed in Norway with those in Sweden. Sweden's employment protection legislation gap between the strict protection of permanent employment and the loose regulation of temporary employment has widened in recent decades, while Norway has maintained balanced and strict regulation of both employment types. The study asserts that the two countries differ concerning the distribution of trajectories, leading to permanent employment and trajectories that do not create firmer labour market attachment. Using sequence analysis to analyse two-year panels of the labour force survey for 1997-2011, several different trajectories are discerned in the two countries. The bridge trajectories dominate in Norway, while dead-end trajectories are more common in Sweden. Moreover, the bridge trajectories are selected to stronger categories (mid-aged and higher educated) in Sweden than in Norway. The results are discussed from the perspective of labour market dualisation.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Svalund, Jørgen, et al.
(författare)
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Attitudes towards job protection legislation: Comparing insiders and outsiders in Finland, Norway and Sweden
- 2016
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Ingår i: European journal of industrial relations. - : SAGE Publications. - 0959-6801 .- 1461-7129. ; 22:4, s. 371-390
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article investigates employees' attitudes towards job protection legislation and attitudinal differences between employees with different levels of job security. National surveys from three Nordic countries, using different measures of insider-outsider positions in the labour market, do not support the assumption that outsiders (those with insecure jobs) prefer laxer job protection legislation. On the contrary, workers in secure jobs seem more likely to prefer laxer regulation.
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| 5. |
- Svalund, Jørgen, et al.
(författare)
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Fixed-term employment in Norway and Sweden: A pathway to labour market marginalization?
- 2018
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Ingår i: European journal of industrial relations. - : SAGE Publications. - 0959-6801 .- 1461-7129. ; 24:3, s. 261-277
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We compare the effects of relatively liberal regulations on the use of temporary employment in Sweden and more restrictive rules in Norway. We find not only that temporary work may be a stepping stone out of unemployment but also that fixed-term employees are exposed to significant risks of long-term marginalization. Moreover, fixed-term employees in Sweden face greater risks of long-run unemployment and low earnings compared to those in Norway.
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| 6. |
- Svalund, Jørgen, et al.
(författare)
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Hiring of Flexible and Fixed-term Workers in Five Norwegian and Swedish Industries
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies. - : Det Kgl. Bibliotek/Royal Danish Library. - 2245-0157. ; 8:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Analyzing how and why employers use fixed-term contracts or alternative forms of flexible, short- term labor in five labor-intensive industries in Norway and Sweden, the main research question in this article is how employer hiring of temporary labor is affected by differences in national employment regulations and industries. Regarding employer motives, we find strong and similar inter-industry differences across the two countries, while the share of fixed-term employees is generally higher in Sweden than in Norway where regulations are stricter. Further, employers’ hiring of fixed-term labor is contingent on their access to alternative sources of flexible labor when faced with shifting demand, need for substitutes, or complex shift plans. The mix of fixed-term labor, agency workers, and use of extra part-time work also varies across industries, depending on the pattern of production, work organization, and workforce gender profile.
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| 7. |
- Svalund, Jørgen, et al.
(författare)
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Stress testing the Nordic models: Manufacturing labour adjustments during crisis
- 2013
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Ingår i: European Journal of Industrial Relations. - : SAGE Publications. - 0959-6801 .- 1461-7129. ; 19:3, s. 183-200
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article discusses how the actors in the internationally exposed sectors of four Nordic economies responded to the economic crisis of 2008. Though Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden are commonly viewed as similar countries, there are important variations in the regulation of workers' rights and the available measures of labour market adjustment such as short-time working and temporary lay-offs. We find that such differences produced significant differences in adjustment patterns, in the cooperation and influence of trade unions during these processes and in institutional adaptation.
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| 8. |
- Vulkan, Patrik, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Job Insecurity and Mental Well-Being in Finland, Norway, and Sweden. Consequences of Flexicurity in a Nordic Welfare Setting
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nordic Journal of Working Life Studies. - 2245-0157. ; 5:2, s. 33-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article describes how the flexicurity arrangement of low job security, high employment security, and good income security advocated by various authors affects the mental well-being of employees. Data are derived from a survey carried out in 2010–2011 among employees in Finland, Norway, and Sweden. The main findings are that all three forms of cognitive security (the perceived risk) have an independent effect on mental well-being and that the worry of insecurity (the affective component) mediates the relationship with mental well-being. The interaction effects show that high levels of employment security can alleviate the detrimental effects of job insecurity on mental well-being. No similar interaction effect was found with job insecurity and income security. The results are discussed in relation to the institutional arrangements of the Nordic countries’ welfare states, concluding that the high employment security needed for a successful flexicurity arrangement requires either low levels of unemployment or effective and extensive active labor market programs. Flexicurity is thus susceptible to economic turmoil and requires further labor market investments, even in the Nordic countries.
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