| 1. |
- Bärgman, Jonas, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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The UDrive dataset and key analysis results
- 2017
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- UDrive is a large European naturalistic driving study, sponsored by the European Commission (FP7).Nineteen partners across Europe have come together and, along with stakeholders, defined researchquestions, developed data acquisition, collected and managed data, and finally, performed a first analysis onthe UDrive dataset with respect to driver/rider behaviour related to traffic safety and the environment (ecodriving).This document presents key results of the UDrive analysis performed in UDrive Sub-project 4: Data analysis.It also describes the UDrive dataset and, in brief, how we got here.
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| 2. |
- Håkansson, Katarina, et al.
(författare)
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Process and system integration aspects of biomass torrefaction
- 2010
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Ingår i: 18th European Biomass Conference and Exhibition: Proceedings.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The pre-treatment method torrefaction has been shown to significantly improve biomass fuel characteristics such as energy density, moisture content, milling energy, feeding and hydrophobic properties. These improvements establish torrefaction as a key process in facilitating an expanding market for biomass raw materials. Most of the previous work has focused on evaluating and optimizing the torrefaction process alone. However, to fully explore the maximum energy/exergy and cost efficiency of biomass torrefaction, the entire fuel supply chain and site specific systems must be considered; including logistics, scale and integration with other processes. The present work in progress aims to develop a model that incorporates optimization of the biomass supply chain and process integration systems together with the torrefaction process in order to avoid sub-optimization.
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| 3. |
- Altuntas Vural, Ceren, et al.
(författare)
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International container shipping through the Covid-19 pandemic - Disruptions from a Swedish perspective
- 2024
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Annan publikation (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- At the onset of the pandemic in spring 2020, the Swedish shipping sector was first affected by border closures preventing passengers to use RoPax shipping and cruise ferries. There were some blank sailings but in general they kept operating to foster intra-European trade by trucks despite the missing revenues from passengers. Shipping in general was affected by port disruptions and complicated crew changes. Eventually, however, it was clear that the most dramatic disruptions on a global scale where experienced in the container segment. General media reported on delayed goods, high freight rates and, however not related to the pandemic, the Ever Given blocking the Suez Canal for a week in March 2021. Currently, there are few reports of supply chains and shipping suffering from disruptions and capacity constraints related to the pandemic. The peak in freight rates was rather replaced by depressed rates and there is a certain risk that some logisticians and supply chain managers regard the pandemic as a once-in-a-lifetime event and just want to get back to a previous behaviour seeing container shipping as a commodity with indefinite capacity at a reasonable price. Nevertheless, the war in Ukraine, the drought in the Panama Canal and the attacks by the Houthi rebels in the Red Sea create other problems for container shipping. Freight rates increase significantly, but from very low levels. The purpose of the report is to describe and analyse how international container shipping was affected by the Covid-19 pandemic and other disruptions. The analysis takes a Swedish perspective on disruptions and tries to go beyond the anecdotal reporting and capture what happened and why. Container shipping is put into a context of economy, consumption, world trade, supply chains and logistics. The pandemic and more current events affecting container shipping market are described together with how shipping lines responded. A series of interviews with Swedish actors revealed how they perceived the disruptions and what countermeasures the actors have applied to mitigate the effects, their organisational learning and how they prepare for future disruptions.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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A prospective outcome study observing patients with severe traumatic brain injury over 10-15 years
- 2017
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Ingår i: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 61:5, s. 502-512
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) can be divided into primary and secondary injuries. Intensive care protocols focus on preventing secondary injuries. This prospective cohort study was initiated to investigate outcome, including mortality, in patients treated according to the Lund Concept after a sTBI covering 10-15 years post-trauma. Methods: Patients were included during 2000-2004 when admitted to the neurointensive care unit, Sahlgrenska University Hospital. Inclusion criteria were: Glasgow coma scale score of 8, need for artificial ventilation and intracranial monitoring. Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) was used to evaluate outcome both at 1-year and 10-15 years post-trauma. Results: Ninety-five patients, (27 female and 68 male), were initially included. Both improvement and deterioration were noted between 1- and 10-15 years post-injury. Mortality rate (34/95) was higher in the studied population vs. a matched Swedish population, (Standard mortality rate (SMR) 9.5; P < 0.0001). When dividing the cohort into Good (GOS 4-5) and Poor (GOS 2-3) outcome at 1-year, only patients with Poor outcome had a higher mortality rate than the matched population (SMR 7.3; P < 0.0001). Further, good outcome (high GOS) at 1-year was associated with high GOS 10-15 years post-trauma (P < 0.0001). Finally, a majority of patients demonstrated symptoms of mental fatigue. Conclusion: This indicates that patients with severe traumatic brain injury with Good outcome at 1-year have similar survival probability as a matched Swedish population and that high Glasgow outcome scale at 1-year is related to good long-term outcome. Our results further emphasise the advantage of the Lund concept.
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| 5. |
- Awais, Fawad, et al.
(författare)
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Logistic characteristics and requirements of Swedish wood biofuel heating plants
- 2021
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Ingår i: Renewable & sustainable energy reviews. - : Elsevier Ltd. - 1364-0321 .- 1879-0690. ; 138
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The demand for wood biofuel for district heating plants and combined heat and power plants (CHPs) has increased, caused by an increase in both the number and size of CHPs. This places large demands on the logistics system supplying these plants with fuel, with a particular interest in the use of alternative modes of transport such as rail and sea. The aim of this paper is to identify the industry actors’ requirements, constraints, and preferences regarding the wood-biofuel supply chain and to identify the logistical challenges this entails, as well as how this impacts the opportunity for an increased use of alternative transport solutions. A survey was sent to all Swedish CHPs, combined with six interviews with transport companies, terminal operators, and forest companies. The study shows that the industry has a local focus that limits potential logistics and sourcing solutions. It is also challenged by urban sprawl, with expanding residential areas close to the CHPs putting further constraints on the operations. Significant variations in fuel demand, depending on unpredictable outside temperature and seasonal variation, is a further challenge. The low density of the fuel has a negative impact on transport costs and introduces a trade-off between chipping close to the forest to increase density versus more efficient chipping at the CHP. Intermodal transport only used by large plants, driven by a shortage of local fuel. © 2020 The Authors
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| 6. |
- Dribe, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Det rörliga livet på landet
- 2024
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Ingår i: Nordbor. Liv och rörelse under 500 år. - 9789170614705
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Bokkapitel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)
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| 7. |
- Ferm, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Utprovning av enkla mätmetoder för bestämning av NO/NOx-halter i utomhusluft
- 1993
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Två nya våtkemiska mättekniker för att mäta kvävemonoxid (NO)-halten i tätortsluft har testats. Den ena tekniken är aktiv och består av tre impregnerade filter i serie. Luftens innehåll av kvävedioxid (NO2) avlägsnas först genom absorption i ett natriumjodid (NaI)-impregnerat filter. NO absorberas inte i detta filter. Nästa filter är impregnerat med blyoxid (PbO2) som oxiderar NO till NO2. Det tredje och sista filtret är likadant som det första och absorberar den NO2 som härrör från oxiderad NO. Tekniken användes för att mäta dygnsmedelvärden av NO och NO2-halterna. En av fördelarna med tekniken är att halterna bestäms separat, dvs att ingen halt räknas ut som skillnaden mellan två tal. Den andra tekniken är passiv och bygger på att två diffusionsprovtagare används, en för enbart NO2 och en som även absorberar NO. Provtagarna består av ett rör som är öppet i ena änden och försett med ett impregnerat filter i den andra. Den drivande kraften är gasmolekylernas termiska diffusion. Inloppet är försett med ett Teflonfilter för att förhindra turbulenta luftrörelser i provtagaren. I båda provtagarna används samma impregnering som i de aktiva provtagarna för uppsamling av NO2. Till den diffusionsprovtagare som även absorberar NO, tillsattes ett organiskt oxidationsmedel (PTIO) vilket oxiderar NO till NO2. De aktiva och passiva metoderna användes parallellt med kemiluminiscenta instrument i Gävle, Karlstad och Göteborg. Det visade sig att de aktiva och passiva teknikerna stämde ganska väl överens på samtliga platser, men att överensstämmelsen med kemiluminiscent teknik endast var bra i Karlstad.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Finnsgård, Christian, 1974, et al.
(författare)
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Gods till Torp - Kartläggning av godsflöden till ett köpcenter
- 2016
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Ingår i: PLANs Forsknings- och tillämpningskonferens 2016, Logistik – teori möter praktik, Artiklar från konferensen på Linnéuniversitetet den 19–20 oktober 2016. ; , s. 77-88
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transportbranschen står inför stora utmaningar på grund av de negativa miljöeffekter som vägtrafik genererar. För att utreda problematiken med att landbaserade transporter bidrar till tidigare nämnda effekter är godsflödet in till ett köpcenter en intressant fallstudie på grund av godsflödets storlek och komplexitet. Ett köpcenter består av ett stort antal affärer och butiker med individuella transportlösningar, vilket leder till att transporter av gods frekvent anländer till köpcentret. Ett köpcenter där ovan nämnda problematik återfinns är Torp utanför Uddevalla, vilket består av cirka 70 butiker och restauranger samt ett antal större friliggande varuhus. För att förstå transportstrukturen är det viktigt att kartlägga det inkommande godset med avseende på med vilken leveransfrekvens och leveransstorlek transporterna ankommer, vilket transportmedel som används samt varifrån godset kommer. Syftet med detta paper är således att kartlägga dagens transportsystem och förklara de krav som påverkar dagens transportsystem. Resultaten visar att det viktigaste för aktörerna på Torp i samband med leveranser är hög leveransprecision och således vetskap om exakt tidpunkt när leveranserna anländer. Tre viktiga faktorer som påverkar systemet är dessutom (1) automatisering och digitalisering av logistikprocesser, (2) ökad samverkan för samskapande av värde samt (3) yttre påtryckningar med anledning av ökad miljömedvetenhet.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Grönlund, Rasmus, et al.
(författare)
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Remote LIBS and Raman imaging for assessment of cultural heritage
- 2005
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Ingår i: 2005 Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Europe. - 0780389743 ; , s. 684-684
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper, we propose to perform remote laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and Raman imaging of historical monuments to assess the state of a building. The lidar system is equipped with a Nd:YAG pumped optical parametrical oscillator (OPO) system, allowing laser radiation in the wavelength range 220 nm-4 μm. The laser radiation can be sent through a roof-top dome which can steer the radiation onto the point of interest
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| 17. |
- Halldorsson, Arni, 1970, et al.
(författare)
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Energy resources: Trajectories for supply chain management
- 2013
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Ingår i: Supply Chain Management. - : Emerald. - 1359-8546. ; 18:1, s. 66-73
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The aim of this research paper is to explain how principles of supply chain management (SCM) provide important conditions for the production, accessibility and use of energy, from the point of origin to the point of consumption. Design/methodology/approach: The paper identifies three distinct trajectories in which the interplay between energy and SCM can release potential for research and practice. Findings: Energy resources are vital to power industrial processes in manufacturing and logistics, while their use is also a major contributor to carbon emissions. The integrative nature of SCM provides conditions for improvement in use and accessibility of energy, and can facilitate the transition in which fossil fuels are replaced with a system of supply and conversion of renewable energy. These opportunitiesare highlighted by developin a set of three trajectories, which range from a true supply chain perspective on the energy sector, to an up-stream and down-stream perspective, respectively. Research limitations/implications: The impact of energy resources on carbon emissions makes them important units of analysis in further SCM research. Future research must acknowledge the variety in the nature of energy resources, and provide frameworks that are able to address the particular features of these. Practical implications: Supply chain strategists must assess how energy use, efficiency, dependency and accessibility influence operations, both internally and externally in the supply chain. Logistics flows are powered by energy. As considerable portion of carbon emissions created by supply chain operations are energy related, energy must be seen as means towards achievement of environmental sustainability. Originality/value: This is a timely topic of a cross-disciplinary nature that has only been addressed to a limited extent by SCM so far. The topic is relevant to a large group of problem owners: Supply chain strategists of companies where energy use, -efficiency and dependency is an issue, and where operations processes have an impact on carbon emission; for the energy sector, that needs to sustain a steady supply of energy, and increase accessibility to renewable energy sources that can replace fossil fuel; for policy makers where energy dependency and security at a national level is an issue.
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| 18. |
- Hörteborn, Axel, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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A comparison of two definitions of ship domain for analysing near ship–ship collisions
- 2020
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Ingår i: Proceedings of The 8th International Conference on Collision and Grounding of Ships (ICCGS8) - Developments in the Collision and Grounding of Ships and Offshore Structures. ; 2019, s. 308-316
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper compares two definitions of ship domain (SD) for analysing near ship–ship collisions in order to assess the risk of such events. One of the SDs follows Fujii’s definition, which is based on a ship’s dimensions, whereas the other was calculated with data from the Automatic Information System (AIS) in selected traffic locations. Case study simulations of traffic situations at three ship crossing locations were conducted using a Vessel Conflict Ranking Operator model, the results of which were examined according to the two definitions and their suitability for analysing near ship–ship collisions. The SD defined according with AIS data identified more cases with low angles of intersection as near-misses than the SD based on Fujii, which identified more situations with larger angles and higher speeds. IWRAP calculations are presented for the three locations to illustrate the probability of ship–ship collisions.
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| 19. |
- Hörteborn, Axel, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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A revisit of the definition of the ship domain based on AIS analysis
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Navigation. - 0373-4633 .- 1469-7785. ; 72:3, s. 777-794
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When ships approach each other, they should keep a minimum area around them clear of other vessels in order to remain safe. The geometrical shape of this area has been studied since the early 1970s and is defined as the ship domain. The progress in computer capacity since then and the introduction of the Automatic Identification System (AIS) provides the potential to further investigate the size and the governing factors of the domain. This investigation revisits and proposes a method using data based on 600,000 ship encounters at 36 locations. It is concluded that the ship domain has the shape of an ellipse with half axis radii of 0.9 and 0.45 nautical miles. However, there are two factors that greatly affect the ship domain: how large the area is that is used to gather vessel intersections and whether they are constrained by water depth. In contradiction to some previous research, it is found that the ship domain is unrelated to the length of the ship.
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| 20. |
- Hörteborn, Axel, et al.
(författare)
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A Revisit of the Definition of the Ship Domain based on AIS Analysis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of navigation (Print). - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0373-4633 .- 1469-7785. ; 72:3, s. 777-794
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- When ships approach each other, they should keep a minimum area around them clear of other vessels in order to remain safe. The geometrical shape of this area has been studied since the early 1970s and is defined as the ship domain. The progress in computer capacity since then and the introduction of the Automatic Identification System (AIS) provides the potential to further investigate the size and the governing factors of the domain. This investigation revisits and proposes a method using data based on 600,000 ship encounters at 36 locations. It is concluded that the ship domain has the shape of an ellipse with half axis radii of 0.9 and 0.45 nautical miles. However, there are two factors that greatly affect the ship domain: how large the area is that is used to gather vessel intersections and whether they are constrained by water depth. In contradiction to some previous research, it is found that the ship domain is unrelated to the length of the ship.
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| 21. |
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| 22. |
- Johansson, Sveneric, et al.
(författare)
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The FERRUM Project: New f-value Data for Fe II and Astrophysical Applications
- 2002
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Ingår i: Physica Scripta. - : Institute of Physics Publishing (IOPP). - 0281-1847 .- 0031-8949 .- 1402-4896. ; T100, s. 71-80
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the FERRUM Project, an international collaboration aiming at a production and evaluation of oscillator strengths (transition probabilities) of selected spectral lines of singly ionized iron group elements, that are of astrophysical relevance. The results obtained include measurements and calculations of permitted and forbidden lines of Fe II. The data have been applied to both emission and absorption lines in astrophysical spectra. We make comparisons between experimental, theoretical and astrophysical f-values. We give a general review of the various measurements, and discuss the UV8 multiplet of Fe II around 1610 Šin detail.
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| 23. |
- Kjellsdotter Ivert, Linea, 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Intressentanalys av Sveriges hamninfrastruktur
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- En välutvecklad hamninfrastruktur är en förutsättning för svenskt näringsliv såväl som för ett hållbart transportsystem. Det saknas likafullt kunskap om hur dagens hamninfrastruktur tillfredsställer samhällets behov nu och i framtiden. Med detta som bakgrund kartläggs i denna förstudie olika intressenters behov och önskemål. Vidare analyseras trender och framtida transportefterfrågan i termer av hur dessa kan komma att påverka Sveriges hamnar. Mer specifikt har tjugofyra intervjuer med hamnar, varuägare, rederier, speditörer, terminaloperatörer, hamnnära myndigheter samt regioner och kommuner genomförts. Vi har också gjort en genomgång av orsaken till den starka godsutvecklingen för sjöfart i Trafikverkets prognoser över godsvolymer år 2040 genom att titta på nedbrutna utdata och se hur dessa fördelar sig på olika varugrupper och hamnar.
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| 24. |
- Liljestrand, Kristina, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Providing explicit descriptions of studied systems: more than a necessary evil?
- 2015
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Ingår i: Nofoma Conference Proceedings. - 9788279622024
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- PurposeExplicit descriptions of studied systems can support researchers in clarifying objects of study and motives of research as well as in structuring research design. However, since many scholars of systems approaches operate outside the field of logistics, applying systems approaches in logistics can be challenging. The purpose of this paper is therefore to describe how a systems approach can be applied in logistics so as to provide guidance for logistics researchers in their descriptions of studied systems.Design/methodology/approachTwo systems approaches were used to describe the systems studied in six doctoral theses. A series of workshops was conducted to compare the descriptions and share challenges.FindingsKey aspects for adapting the selected systems approaches corresponded to four areas of logistics—activities, flow, performance, and actors—all of which can be included in the selected systems approaches. Advice for doctoral students on applying these frameworks is provided.Research limitations/implicationsThis research can provide support to other logistics researchers when applying systems approaches and developing explicit descriptions of studied systems.Original/valueSystems approaches are central to logistics research, a field in which scholars are encouraged to apply well-known systems approaches. This paper contributes value by providing explicit examples of how such approaches were applied in six logistics research projects.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Olsson, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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FINAL REPORT DENCITY UDI PHASE 2
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The DenCity Project is a collaboration project between 21 organisations that develops innovative solutions for sustainable passenger, freight and waste transport in dense urban areas, with high demands on transport efficiency, attractiveness, accessibility and sustainability.
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| 27. |
- Rogerson, Sara, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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Comparing flexibility-based measures during different disruptions: evidence from maritime supply chains
- 2024
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Ingår i: International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management. - : Emerald Publishing. - 0960-0035 .- 1758-664X. ; 54:2, s. 163-191
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper’s purpose is to explore flexibility-based countermeasures that enable actors in maritime supply chains to mitigate the effects of disruptions with different characteristics. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with shipping lines, shippers, forwarders and ports. Data on the COVID-19 pandemic’s effects and countermeasures were collected and compared with data regarding the 2016–2017 Gothenburg port conflict. Spatial, capacity, service and temporal flexibility emerged as the primary countermeasures, whilst important characteristics of disruptions were geographical spread, duration, uncertainty, criticality, the element of surprise and intensity. Spatial flexibility was exercised in both disruptions by switching to alternative ports. During the COVID-19 pandemic, ensuring capacity flexibility included first removing and then adding vessels. Shipping lines exercising service flexibility prioritised certain cargo, which made the spot market uncertain and reduced flexibility for forwarders, importers and exporters that changed carriers or traffic modes. Experience with disruptions meant less surprise and better preparation for spatial flexibility. Comparing flexibility-based measures in a pandemic versus port conflict provides insights into the important characteristics of disruptions and the relevance of mitigation strategies. The resilience of maritime supply chains, although underexamined compared with manufacturing supply chains, is essential for maintaining global supply chain flows.
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| 28. |
- Rogerson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Modal shift to inland waterways: dealing with barriers in two Swedish cases
- 2018
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Ingår i: The 23rd Annual Conference of The Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport, Logistics Research Network (LRN), Plymouth, 5-7 September.
-
Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Previous research on IWW transport has identified various types of barriers for a modal shift from road to sea: regulatory, financial, service and market related (described further later in the paper). In order for a modal shift to take place, actors need to take external prerequisites into account, but foremost, offer competitive services that can overcome the barriers. In Sweden, actors have to take major steps to attract a larger volume of goods that will enable the shift to IWW transportation. Barriers and key issues for implementation need to be understood from the perspective of how actors can overcome them. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to analyse how barriers for a modal shift can be overcome, by studying actors in the start-up phase of offering IWW transport services.
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| 29. |
- Rogerson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Modal shift to inland waterways: dealing with barriers in two Swedish cases
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Logistics Research and Applications. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1367-5567 .- 1469-848X. ; 23:2, s. 195-210
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper analyses strategies to overcome barriers to a modal shift to inland waterway transport (IWT). Barriers identified in research literature have been categorised as regulatory, financial, service quality and market characteristics. Using two cases involving Swedish entrepreneurs initiating IWT, this paper has shown how barriers to the modal shift to IWT can be managed where markets are limited. Modal shift involves multiple actors, and the entrepreneurs interacted with ports, shippers, shipping companies, regulatory actors, forwarders and hauliers, depending on the barrier. Strategies to manage barriers included negotiating, educating stakeholders, securing volumes, conducting a proof-of-concept run and identifying business opportunities for stakeholders. The findings can increase stakeholders’ knowledge of IWT. Policy makers aiming to promote modal shift must understand that fees and legislation act as barriers.
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| 30. |
- Rogerson, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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Supply chain disruptions : flexibility measures when encountering capacity problems in a port conflict
- 2022
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Ingår i: The International Journal of Logistics Management. - : Emerald Group Holdings Ltd.. - 0957-4093. ; 33:2, s. 567-589
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: There can be many negative effects from a disruption in a central node of companies' supply chains, such as a port conflict that reduces capacity. Strategies for disruption management include flexibility and redundancy. This paper aims to analyse a supply chain disruption from flexibility and capacity perspectives. Design/methodology/approach: A case study was conducted of the supply chain disruption caused by the port conflict in 2016–2017 in Gothenburg, in which the port operated at a reduced capacity. Companies importing and exporting goods, freight forwarders, hauliers, train operators, ports, shipping companies and their agents were interviewed. Findings: Various capacity problems (ports, links, container chassis, empty containers) were encountered due to the port conflict. Flexibility measures such as node, mode and fleet flexibility can be used in response to changes in capacity. Difficulties with applying flexibility are discussed. Research limitations/implications: Although based on a Swedish case, findings are relevant for disruptions or other types of disturbances in ports elsewhere and also in other important nodes in companies' supply chains. Practical implications: Actors influenced by disturbances in a port can increase their understanding of potential capacity problems and flexibility measures. Readiness and timely action are important due to competition regarding capacity. Originality/value: The implications on the transport network surrounding a port, including many actors, are explained, illustrating how capacity problems propagate, but there is some flexibility to manage the problems.
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| 31. |
- Santén, Vendela, et al.
(författare)
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A modal shift to inland waterways : Actor perspectives on alternative business concepts
- 2020
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Ingår i: international journal of logistics research and applications. ; 23:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Road haulage causes undisputed negative environmental impact in terms of CO2-emissions, noise, infrastructure damage, congestion, road accidents and is energy intensive. At longer transport distance (e.g. trans-ocean) maritime transport is preferable as it is more cost efficient. At shorter distances, there are financial, operational, market-related and regulatory issues that make waterway transport less attractive. Meanwhile, as waterway transport is favorable from an environmental perspective, the support for modal shift from road to sea has become an integral part of transport policy both at EU-level and in several countries across Europe. Among the different types of shipping (trans-ocean, short-sea, coastal), inland shipping is of particular importance when it comes to reduce congestion on roads. Ports are most often located in or near large cities, which in particular causes congestion on access roads to ports and the cities, and also in the countries in general. Hence, whereas cost is a barrier that must be overcome, using inland waterway transportation (IWT) is preferable from an environmental perspective, and a modal shift is a highly prioritized issue by governments. In some central European countries, IWT is well developed, while in countries such as Sweden, the share of inland shipping is very low, < 1%, and with no or little container traffic. With well-functioning fairways in inland waterways in Sweden, there is a large potential for increasing its utilization.
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| 32. |
- Santén, Vendela, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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A modal shift to inland waterways: Actor perspectives on alternative business concepts
- 2019
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Road haulage causes undisputed negative environmental impact in terms of CO2-emissions, noise, infrastructure damage, congestion, road accidents and is energy intensive. At longer transport distance (e.g. trans-ocean) maritime transport is preferable as it is more cost efficient. At shorter distances, there are financial, operational, market-related and regulatory issues that make waterway transport less attractive. Meanwhile, as waterway transport is favorable from an environmental perspective, the support for modal shift from road to sea has become an integral part of transport policy both at EU-level and in several countries across Europe. Among the different types of shipping (trans-ocean, short-sea, coastal), inland shipping is of particular importance when it comes to reduce congestion on roads. Ports are most often located in or near large cities, which in particular causes congestion on access roads to ports and the cities, and also in the countries in general. Hence, whereas cost is a barrier that must be overcome, using inland waterway transportation (IWT) is preferable from an environmental perspective, and a modal shift is a highly prioritized issue by governments. In some central European countries, IWT is well developed, while in countries such as Sweden, the share of inland shipping is very low, < 1%, and with no or little container traffic. With well-functioning fairways in inland waterways in Sweden, there is a large potential for increasing its utilization.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Svanberg, Emilie Krite, et al.
(författare)
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Changes in pulmonary oxygen content are detectable with laser absorption spectroscopy : proof of concept in newborn piglets
- 2021
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Ingår i: Pediatric Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0031-3998 .- 1530-0447. ; 89:4, s. 823-829
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Using an optical method based on tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy, we previously assessed oxygen (O2) and water vapor (H2O) content in a tissue phantom of the preterm infant lung. Here we applied this method on newborn piglets with induced lung complications. Methods: Five mechanically ventilated piglets were subjected to stepwise increased and decreased fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2), to atelectasis using a balloon catheter in the right bronchus, and to pneumothorax by injecting air in the pleural cavity. Two diode lasers (764 nm for O2 gas absorption and 820 nm for H2O absorption) were combined in a probe delivering light either externally, on the skin, or internally, through the esophagus. The detector probe was placed dermally. Results: Calculated O2 concentrations increased from 20% (IQR 17−23%) when ventilated with room air to 97% (88−108%) at FiO2 1.0. H2O was only detectable with the internal light source. Specific light absorption and transmission patterns were identified in response to atelectasis and pneumothorax, respectively. Conclusions: The optical method detected FiO2 variations and discriminated the two induced lung pathologies, providing a rationale for further development into a minimally invasive device for real-time monitoring gas changes in the lungs of sick newborn infants. Impact: Optical spectroscopy can detect pulmonary complications in an animal model.Oxygen concentrations can be evaluated in the lungs.Presents a novel minimally invasive method to detect lung oxygenation and complications.Potential to be developed into a lung monitoring method in newborn infants.Potential for bed-side detection of pulmonary complications in newborn infants.
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| 38. |
- Svanberg, Martin, 1982
(författare)
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A framework for supply chain configuration for a biomass-to-energy pre-treatment process
- 2013
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Licentiatavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A transition from fossil fuel to renewable energy sources such as biomass is an environmentally sustainable pathway. However, increased use of biomass is hampered by a number of barriers regarding movement of energy: through place, through time and through existing energy infrastructure. One means to overcome these barriers is to introduce a pre-treatment process such as torrefaction, which enhances the biomass product properties. In a supply chain perspective, there are a number of decisions to make regarding feedstock, supply system, torrefaction plant, distribution system, and customer demand. This renders a number of possible supply chain configurations. Hence, the purpose of this thesis is to understand the logistics implications of a pre-treatment process in order to propose supply chain configurations. This thesis is a compilation of four papers and the methods used are literature reviews, interviews and techno-economic modelling.The major result of the thesis is a number of frameworks that can assist actors involved in configuration of torrefaction supply chains. First of all, biomass-to-energy supply chains without torrefaction were reviewed. The findings were classified into characteristics of the physical flow and further refined into three minor frameworks for supply chain configuration. Secondly, a framework for torrefaction configuration was developed, which entailed propositions on torrefaction configuration for three types of demand, represented by three customers: households, medium-sized bioenergy CHP and coal CHP. Finally, the cost of a feasible torrefaction supply chain under Swedish conditions was assessed. The optimal size of a torrefaction plant was calculated and a number of central parameters affecting supply chain cost and plant size were identified. In order to provide a foundation for evaluation in other cases, a framework describing the relation between torrefaction configuration and supply chain performance was proposed.
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| 39. |
- Svanberg, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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A modal shift in Europe?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Marine Technology. - : Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers. - 0025-3316. ; 53:4, s. 32-35
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Experts explore the logistics perspective on making use of urban waterways for shipping. One way of reducing the volume of road transport is a modal shift to urban waterways, as there is significant unused potential for such transport systems. There is also an unexplored potential in transport systems that integrate transport of goods to urban areas with transport of waste from these areas by using the same vessels.
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| 40. |
- Svanberg, Martin, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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AIS in maritime research
- 2019
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Ingår i: Marine Policy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0308-597X .- 1872-9460. ; 106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Although not originally developed for research use, the Automatic Identification System (AIS) enables its data to be used in research. The present paper provides a structured overview of how AIS data is used for various research applications. Ten areas have been identified, spread across maritime, marine and other journals. Many stakeholders beyond the most frequently mentioned – authorities and maritime administrations – can benefit from the research in which AIS data is used. AIS data can be incorporated in various types of modelling approaches and play a small or large role as a source of data. AIS data can also be validated or used to validate research from other data sources. Although a large amount of AIS-based research adds to the literature, there is still a large potential for using AIS data for research by making greater use of the variety in AIS messages, combining AIS with other sources of data, and extending both spatial and temporal perspectives.
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
- Svanberg, Martin, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Analysing biomass torrefaction supply chain costs
- 2013
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Ingår i: Bioresource Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-8524 .- 1873-2976. ; 142:August, s. 287-296
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of the present work was to develop a techno-economic system model to evaluate how logistics and production parameters affect the torrefaction supply chain costs under Swedish conditions. The model consists of four sub-models: (1) supply system, (2) a complete energy and mass balance of drying, torrefaction and densification, (3) investment and operating costs of a green field, stand-alone torrefaction pellet plant, and (4) distribution system to the gate of an end user. The results show that the torrefaction supply chain reaps significant economies of scale up to a plant size of about 150–200 kiloton dry substance per year (ktonDS/year), for which the total supply chain costs accounts to 31.8 euro per megawatt hour based on lower heating value (€/MWhLHV). Important parameters affecting total cost are amount of available biomass, biomass premium, logistics equipment, biomass moisture content, drying technology, torrefaction mass yield and torrefaction plant capital expenditures (CAPEX).
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| 43. |
- Svanberg, Martin, 1982, et al.
(författare)
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Analyzing animal waste-to-energy supply chains: The case of horse manure
- 2018
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Ingår i: Renewable Energy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-1481 .- 1879-0682. ; 129, s. 830-837
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To reduce human impact upon the environment, a transition from fossil to renewable energy sources such as biomass is imperative. Biomass from animal waste such as horse manure has unutilized potential as it has yet to be implemented at a large scale as an energy source. Research has demonstrated the technical feasibility of using animal waste for energy conversion, though their supply chain cost poses a barrier, as does a gap in research regarding the specific design of efficient horse manure-to-energy supply chains. In response, we investigated the design of horse manure-to-energy supply chains through interviews and site visits at stables, as well as through interviews with transport companies. Our findings show that horse manure-to-energy supply chains have distinct attributes at all stages of the supply chain such as the geographical spread of stables that determines supply chain design and hampers efficiency. They share several such attributes with forest biomass-to-energy supply chains, from which important needs can be identified, including the industrial development of trucks dedicated to the purpose, mathematical modeling to handle the trade-off of cost of substance loss in storage and cost of transport, and business models that reconcile the conflicting goals of different actors along the supply chains. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Svanberg, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Assessing the Impact of Disruptive Events on Port Performance and Choice: The Case of Gothenburg
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of Marine Science and Engineering. - : MDPI AG. - 2077-1312. ; 9:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper assesses the impact of a major disruptive event at the port of Gothenburg, Scandinavia's largest container port. Automatic Identification System (AIS) data is analyzed, in combination with official port statistics on container handling in the four main container ports in Sweden, from 2014-2018. Particular attention is paid to the relationship between container volumes handled and calculated performance metrics at the specific times of the intense labour dispute at the port of Gothenburg during the periods Q2 (2016) and Q4 (2016)-Q2 (2017). The paper concludes that the decline in container volumes handled at Gothenburg over the period is specifically due to fewer ships calling at the port following each of the intense periods of the labour dispute. It is also concluded that the effect on competitor ports in the region were significant in terms of both increased volumes of gateway container traffic and the resulting short-term and medium term impacts on both port user profiles and port efficiency levels.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
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| 49. |
- Svanberg, Martin, et al.
(författare)
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Flytande hamnar : en hållbar innovation till havs för hantering av container och förnyelsebar energi
- 2024
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Ingår i: Sammanställning av referat från Transportforum 2024. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut. ; , s. 382-383
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Forskning och utveckling av flytande hamnar har tagit fart utifrån världshandelns behov av välfungerande effektiva hamnar som centrala logistiknoder. Containerfartygen växer i storlek och mer volymer behöver tas om hand i hamnarna samtidigt som högre krav ställs på service och effektivitet. I den gröna omställningen behöver hamnarna inte bara agera logistiknod, utan även energinod. I ett pågående forskningsprojekt undersöker en svensk entreprenör, Sea technology, möjligheterna med att utveckla konceptet och utvärderar hur en sådan flytande terminal skulle kunna användas ett par mil ut från kusten i svenska vatten. Affärsmodellen bygger på att terminalen ska hantera upp till 5 miljoner TEU årligen och även kunna fungera som energihubb. Detta innebär både en stor investering, och för en fungerande affärsmodell krävs att terminalens verksamhet anpassas till övriga aktörer i systemet, såsom rederier som ska anlöpa hamnen och mindre hamnar till vilka feeder-fartyg ska transportera containers. Syftet med denna studie är därför kartlägga hur en effektiv flytande hamn kan fungera i ett systemperspektiv i svenska farvatten. Presentationen bygger på de preliminära resultat som är finns i studien. En strukturerad omvärldsanalys är gjord, både med avseende på vetenskaplig litteratur och grå litteratur. Projektet har karaktäriserat de industriella initiativ som funnits det senaste årtiondet kring flyta containerterminaler och energi-öar runt om i världen, och kartlagt barriärer och drivkrafter. Presentationen innehåller även en preliminära resultat av system-ekonomin för en flytande hamn. En systematisk kartläggning har även gjorts kring de funktioner en flytande hamn ska ha. Baserat på intervjuer beskrivs aktörskraven på den flytande hamnen. Det finns tydliga drivkrafter för flytande hamnar. För container är det främst miljövinster, god system-ekonomi under rätt förutsättningar och säkerhetsfördelar. För energi kan en flytande hamn ge ökad hållbarhet och energisäkerhet, och myndigheter är tydligt pådrivande i att konceptet ska realiseras i exempelvis Nordsjön. Samtidigt finns det många barriärer mot att använda sig av flytande hamnar, både för container och energi, då det kräver stora investeringar och är en stor systemomställning som måste möjliggöras genom att flera olika typer av aktörer ställer om sina verksamheter delvis.
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| 50. |
- Svanberg, Martin, 1982
(författare)
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Improving physical flows in biomass-to-energy supply chains by means of pre-treatment technology and coordination
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- AbstractThe transition from fossil fuel to renewable energy sources such as biomass-to-energy (B2E) is an environmentally sustainable pathway. However, increased use of biomass is hampered by the high costs of logistics activities within the physical flow. There are several approaches for improving the physical flow, and in this thesis pre-treatment technology and coordination of activities have been explored. The purpose of this thesis is: to investigate how pre-treatment technology and coordination can improve the physical flow in B2E supply chains. This thesis consists of a kappa and five appended papers, based on two interview studies; a conceptual study; a techno-economical study and one multiple case study.This thesis is built on three cornerstones; supply chain attributes, pre-treatment technology and coordination, all centred on the physical flow as the unit of analysis. In order to improve the physical flow, the unique attributes of the B2E supply chain in which the flow is embedded need to be understood. Identification of these attributes has been an ongoing activity throughout the entire research process, using literature reviews and interviews as data collection methods. Biomass is a unique type of good for which it is concluded that there are nine distinct attributes in terms of (1) perishability, (2) shape of goods, (3) geographical spread, (4) weather and climate, (5) customer diversity, (6) fluctuations in demand, (7) time gaps between supply and demand, (8) system openness and (9) interorganisational relationships. These determine the configuration of supply chains and the physical flow therein. Also, these attributes serve as a platform for understanding how to make use of pre-treatment technology and coordination of activities to improve the physical flow.This thesis concludes that pre-treatment technology, in this thesis represented by torrefaction, has great potential to improve the physical flow within B2E supply chains, primarily by altering supply chain attributes. In particular, torrefaction alters the shape of goods, which then allows transport across longer distances. However, attributes also shape the ways in which torrefaction is made use of; e.g., variances in geographical spread shape the optimal size of a torrefaction plant. Also, the production strategies of torrefaction plants need to accommodate different end users and their respective distribution system.It is also concluded that in comparison to pre-treatment technology that alters a number of attributes, coordination of activities can primarily reduce the relative importance of B2E supply chain attributes, especially that of the shape of goods, which renders an improved physical flow in terms of higher transport efficiency. Similarly, the relative importance of fluctuations in demand and perishability can be reduced by moving storage downstream to power plants, or by power plants themselves investing in supplementary businesses, e.g. producing pellets. Also, the attributes shape the use of means of coordination; e.g., B2E supply chains are characterised by system openness, and therefore, network connections to other energy producers can be a barrier towards as well as an enabler for various means of coordination.
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