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| 2. |
- Dahlqvist Jönsson, Patrik, 1974-, et al.
(författare)
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Service users' experiences of participation in decision making in mental health services
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing. - Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1351-0126 .- 1365-2850. ; 22:9, s. 688-697
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Service user participation in decision making is considered an essential component of recovery-oriented mental health services. Despite the potential of shared decision making to impact service users knowledge and positively influence their experience of decisional conflict, there is a lack of qualitative research on how participation in decision making is promoted from the perspective of psychiatric service users. In order to develop concrete methods that facilitate shared decision making, there is a need for increased knowledge regarding the users' own perspective. The aim of this study was to explore users' experiences of participation in decisions in mental health services in Sweden, and the kinds of support that may promote participation. Constructivist Grounded Theory (CGT) was utilized to analyse group and individual interviews with 20 users with experience of serious mental illness. The core category that emerged in the analysis described a 'struggle to be perceived as a competent and equal person' while three related categories including being the underdog, being controlled and being omitted described the difficulties of participating in decisions. The data analysis resulted in a model that describes internal and external conditions that influence the promotion of participation in decision making. The findings offer new insights from a user perspective and these can be utilized to develop and investigate concrete methods in order to promote user's participation in decisions.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Engdahl, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Acceptability of a digital return-to-work intervention for common mental disorders : a qualitative study on service user perspectives
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Psychiatry. - London : BioMed Central. - 1471-244X. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: There is an evident discrepancy between need and provision of evidence-based return-to-work (RTW) interventions in existing mental health services. Online dissemination of evidence-based interventions is presumed to reduce this gap. However, there is almost no knowledge available on perceived acceptability of digital RTW interventions among service users, which are factors that might influence the development and implementation of future interventions. The aim of this study was to develop knowledge of service user acceptability of mWorks, a proposed digital RTW solution.Methods: Participants (n = 18) with experience of common mental disorder and sick leave were recruited with a purposive snowball sampling method. Semi-structured interviews (n = 12) and one focus group interview (n = 6) were conducted. A deductive thematic analysis was performed according to the Theoretical Framework of Acceptability.Results: Digital RTW interventions were perceived as acceptable and aligned with participant value. Participants expressed positive attitudes toward having access to support, regardless of time and place. A certain ambiguity between a decline in social interactions and opportunities to RTW in a safe space was reported. Participants were confident in their ability to use digital RTW solutions, but reported the need to reduce stressful elements of using smartphones. Overly demanding digital solutions, i.e. ones requiring high cognitive effort, were described as burdensome.Conclusions: For digital RTW solutions to be acceptable, they need to complement traditional services by providing accessible and person-centred support throughout the RTW process. They should be designed to reduce the need for cognitive effort. Future research should explore how to balance user autonomy with other support components in digital interventions. © The Author(s). 2021
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| 5. |
- Engdahl, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Co-design Process of a Digital Return-to-Work Solution for People with Common Mental Disorders : Stakeholder Perception Study
- 2023
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Ingår i: JMIR Formative Research. - Toronto : JMIR Publications Inc.. - 2561-326X. ; 7, s. 1-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Service users and other stakeholders have had few opportunities to influence the design of their mental health and return-to-work services. Likewise, digital solutions often fail to align with stakeholders’ needs and preferences, negatively impacting their utility. mWorks is a co-design initiative to create a digital return-to-work solution for persons with common mental disorders that is acceptable and engaging for those receiving and delivering the intervention. Objective: This study aimed to describe stakeholder perceptions and the involvement of a design process during the prototype development of mWorks. Methods: A co-design approach was used during the iterative development of mWorks. Overall, 86 stakeholders were recruited using a combination of purposeful and convenience sampling. Five stakeholder groups represented service users with experience of sick leave and common mental disorders (n=25), return-to-work professionals (n=19), employers (n=1), digital design and system developers (n=4), and members of the public (n=37). Multiple data sources were gathered using 7 iterations, from March 2018 to November 2020. The rich material was organized and analyzed using content analysis to generate themes and categories that represented this study’s findings. Results: The themes revealed the importance of mWorks in empowering service users with a personal digital support solution that engages them back in work. The categories highlighted that mWorks needs to be a self-management tool that enables service users to self-manage as a supplement to traditional return-to-work services. It was also important that content features helped to reshape a positive self-narrative, with a focus on service users’ strengths and resources to break the downward spiral of ill health during sick leave. Additional crucial features included helping service users mobilize their own strategies to cope with thoughts and feelings and formulate goals and a plan for their work return. Once testing of the alpha and beta prototypes began, user engagement became the main focus for greater usability. It is critical to facilitate the comprehension and purpose of mWorks, offer clear guidance, and enhance motivational and goal-setting strategies. Conclusions: Stakeholders’ experience-based knowledge asserted that mWorks needs to empower service users by providing them with a personal support tool. To enhance return-to-work prospects, users must be engaged in a meaningful manner while focusing on their strengths and resources. ©Patrik Engdahl, Petra Svedberg, Annika Lexén, Carina Tjörnstrand, Catharina Strid, Ulrika Bejerholm
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| 6. |
- Engdahl, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Role of a Digital Return-To-Work Solution for Individuals With Common Mental Disorders : Qualitative Study of the Perspectives of Three Stakeholder Groups
- 2020
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Ingår i: JMIR Formative Research. - Toronto : J M I R Publications, Inc.. - 2561-326X. ; 4:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Although effective return-to-work (RTW) interventions are not widely available for individuals with common mental disorders on sick leave, there is potential for transforming such interventions into a digital solution in an effort to make them more widely available. However, little is currently known about the viewpoints of different stakeholder groups, which are critical for successful development and implementation of a digital RTW intervention in health care services.Objective: The aim of this study was to examine stakeholder groups’ perspectives on the role and legitimacy of a digital RTW solution called mWorks for individuals with common mental disorders who are on sick leave.Methods: A purposeful snowball sampling method was utilized to recruit respondents. Semistructured individual and focus group interviews were conducted for stakeholder groups of service users, RTW professionals, and influential managers regarding their experiences, needs, and preferences for mWorks. Content analysis generated themes and categories that constituted the main findings.Results: The legitimacy of a digital RTW solution was high among all stakeholder groups since such a tool was perceived to enable service users to take control over their RTW process. This was mainly a product of accessible support and promotion of service user decision making, which had the potential to empower service users. All respondents stressed the importance of fostering a positive user experience with usability and emphasis on service user resources and strengths, as opposed to various limitations and shortcomings. Stakeholder groups highlighted critical content to facilitate RTW, such as the need to clarify a back-to-work plan, accompanied by an accessible RTW network and strategies for handling mental health problems. Implementation challenges primarily involved influential managers’ concern of legislation incompatibility with innovative technology, and RTW professionals’ concern of the possibility that digital solutions may replace them to a certain extent.Conclusions: This formative research emphasizes the importance of shifting power from RTW professionals to service users. mWorks can play a role in mediating service user control over the RTW process, and thereby increase their empowerment. A digital RTW solution may facilitate the circumvention of implementation barriers associated with introducing evidence-based RTW interventions in a traditional RTW context. ©Patrik Engdahl, Petra Svedberg, Annika Lexén, Ulrika Bejerholm.
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| 7. |
- Gustavsson, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Transformers enable accurate prediction of acute and chronic chemical toxicity in aquatic organisms
- 2024
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Ingår i: Sciences Advances. ; 10:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Environmental hazard assessments are reliant on toxicity data that cover multiple organism groups. Generating experimental toxicity data is, however, resource-intensive and time-consuming. Computational methods are fast and cost-efficient alternatives, but the low accuracy and narrow applicability domains have made their adaptation slow. Here, we present a AI-based model for predicting chemical toxicity. The model uses transformers to capture toxicity-specific features directly from the chemical structures and deep neural networks to predict effect concentrations. The model showed high predictive performance for all tested organism groups—algae, aquatic invertebrates and fish—and has, in comparison to commonly used QSAR methods, a larger applicability domain and a considerably lower error. When the model was trained on data with multiple effect concentrations (EC50/EC10), the performance was further improved. We conclude that deep learning and transformers have the potential to markedly advance computational prediction of chemical toxicity.
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| 8. |
- Markström, Urban, et al.
(författare)
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Developing sustainable service user involvement practices in mental health services in Sweden : the “Userinvolve” research program protocol
- 2023
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Psychiatry. - Lausanne : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 1664-0640. ; 14, s. 1-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The purpose of this paper is to outline the protocol for the research program “UserInvolve,” with the aim of developing sustainable, service user involvement practices in mental health services in Sweden. Methods: This protocol outlines the knowledge gap and aim of the UserInvolve-program. It further provides an overview of the research infrastructure, with specific focus on the organization and management of the program as well as the design of the six underlying research projects. These six research projects form the core of the UserInvolve-program and will be carried out during a six-year period (2022–2027). The projects are focused on examining articulations of experiential knowledge in user collectives, on four specific user involvement interventions (shared decision-making, peer support, user-focused monitoring, and systemic involvement methods) and on developing theory and method on co-production in mental health research and practice. Results or conclusion: The knowledge gained through the co-production approach will be disseminated throughout the program years, targeting service users, welfare actors and the research community. Based on these research activities, our impact goals relate to strengthening the legitimacy of and methods for co-production in the mental health research and practice field. Copyright © 2023 Markström, Näslund, Schön, Rosenberg, Bejerholm, Gustavsson, Jansson, Argentzell, Grim, Engdahl, Nouf, Lilliehorn and Svedberg.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Samuelson, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Staphylococcal surface display of metal-binding polyhistidyl peptides
- 2000
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Ingår i: Applied and Environmental Microbiology. - 0099-2240 .- 1098-5336. ; 66:3, s. 1243-1248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recombinant Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus carnosus strains were generated with surface-exposed chimeric proteins containing polyhistidyl peptides designed for binding to divalent metal ions. Surface accessibility of the chimeric surface proteins was demonstrated and the chimeric surface proteins were found to be functional in terms of metal binding, since the recombinant staphylococcal cells were shown to have gained Ni2+- and Cd2+-binding capacity, suggesting that such bacteria could find use in bioremediation of heavy metals. This is, to our knowledge, the first time that recombinant, surface-exposed metal-binding peptides have been expressed on gram-positive bacteria. Potential environmental or biosensor applications for such recombinant staphylococci as biosorbents are discussed.
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| 11. |
- Spilsbury, Francis, et al.
(författare)
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Defining the data gap: What do we know about environmental exposure, hazards and risks of pharmaceuticals in the European aquatic environment?
- 2024
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Ingår i: WATER RESEARCH. - 0043-1354 .- 1879-2448. ; 251
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and their transformation products inevitably enter waterways where they might cause adverse effects to aquatic organisms. Identifying the potential risks of APIs in the environment is therefore a goal and current strategic direction of environmental management described in the EU Strategic Approach to Pharmaceuticals in the Environment and the Green Deal. This is challenged by a paucity of monitoring and ecotoxicity data to adequately describe risks. In this study we analyze measured environmental concentrations (MECs) of APIs from 5933 sites in 25 European countries as documented in the EMPODAT database or collected by the German Environment Agency for the time period between 1997 and 2020. These data were compared with empirical data on the ecotoxicity of APIs from the U.S. EPA ECOTOX database. Although 1763 uniquely identifiable APIs are registered with the European Medicines Agency (EMA) for sale in the European Economic Area (EEA), only 312 (17.7%) of these are included in publicly available monitoring data, 36 (1.8%) compounds have sufficient ecotoxicological data to derive a PNEC, and only 27 (1.5%) compounds meet both the hazard and exposure data requirements required to to perform an environmental risk assessment according to EMA guidelines. Four of these compounds (14.8%) had a median risk quotient (RQ) > 1. Endocrine disruptors had the highest median RQ, with 7.0 and 5.6 for 17 alpha ethinyl-estradiol and 17 beta-estradiol respectively. A comparison of in-silico and empirical exposure data for 72 APIs demonstrated the high protectiveness of the current EMA guidelines, with predicted environmental concentrations (PECs) exceeding median MECs in 98.6% of cases, with a 100-fold median increase. This study describes the data shortfalls hindering an accurate assessment of the risk posed to European waterways by APIs, and identifies 68 APIs for prioritized inclusion in monitoring programs, and 66 APIs requiring ecotoxicity testing to fill current data gaps.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Svedberg, Patrik, et al.
(författare)
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Dataset on aquatic ecotoxicity predictions of 2697 chemicals, using three quantitative structure-activity relationship platforms
- 2023
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Ingår i: Data in Brief. - 2352-3409. ; 51
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Empirical and in silico data on the aquatic ecotoxicology of 2697 organic chemicals were collected in order to compile a dataset for assessing the predictive power of current Quantitative Structure Activity Relationship (QSAR) models and software platforms. This document presents the dataset and the data pipeline for its creation. Empirical data were collected from the US EPA ECOTOX Knowledgebase (ECOTOX) and the EFSA (European Food Safety Authority) report “Completion of data entry of pesticide ecotoxicology Tier 1 study endpoints in a XML schema – database”. Only data for OECD recommended algae, daphnia and fish species were retained. QSAR toxicity predictions were calculated for each chemical and each of six endpoints using ECOSAR, VEGA and the Toxicity Estimation Software Tool (T.E.S.T.) platforms. Finally, the dataset was amended with SMILES, InChIKey, pKa and logP collected from webchem and PubChem.
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| 14. |
- Svedberg, Wanna, 1972, et al.
(författare)
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Den Gunnarssonska metoden
- 2024
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Ingår i: Festskrift till Åsa Gunnarsson. - Uppsala : Iustus. - 9789177372493 ; , s. 79-104
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Bokkapitlet utvecklar vissa metodologiska grepp för att undersöka skatterätten utifrån ett jämställdhets- och genuskritiskt perspektiv. Detta görs utifrån och med hjälp av Åsa Gunnarssons långvariga forskning kring skatt och jämställdhet.
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