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3.
  • Glimskär, Anders, et al. (author)
  • Uppföljning av kvalitetsförändringar i ängs- och betesmark via NILS år 2008
  • 2009
  • Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Denna rapport presenterar resultat för ett antal indikatorer på kvalitet och skötsel i ett stickprov av ängs- och betesmarker i hela Sverige. Inventeringen och analyserna görs varje år från och med 2006 på uppdrag av Jordbruksverket, som underlag för bl.a. utvärderingen av miljökvalitetsmålet Ett rikt odlingslandskap. Som indikatorer har i första hand valts ett antal organismgrupper (fjärilar, humlor, kärlväxter, grova lövträd och epifytlavar), och dessutom beskrivs vegetationens struktur och sammansättning i provytor, som underlag för att ta fram strukturella indikatorer (t.ex. påverkan av gödsling och hävdintensitet/igenväxning). Urvalet bygger på förslag som tagits fram av Naturcentrum AB. De resultat som presenteras i denna rapport kommer från de första tre årens inventering, vilket innefattar tre femtedelar av det totala stickprovet. Efter fem år får man således de mest tillförlitliga mängdskattningarna. Därefter återkommer man till samma objekt med samma intervall, vilket gör att man på ett tillförlitligt sätt kan analysera förändringar baserat på jämförelser mellan femårsperioder. Uppdraget att inventera ängs- och betesmarker samordnas med fältarbetet i NILS (Nationell Inventering av Landskapet i Sverige), och metodiken är till stor del likartad, med en del tilläggsmoment. NILS är ett rikstäckande miljöövervakningsprogram som följer tillstånd och förändringar i det svenska landskapet och hur dessa påverkar förutsättningarna för den biologiska mångfalden. NILS finansieras av Naturvårdsverket och ingår i programområde Landskap. Ett viktigt syfte med NILS är att följa upp de nationella miljökvalitetsmålen för olika naturtyper och fungera som underlag för att till exempel visa om genomförda miljövårdsåtgärder leder till önskade förbättringar på nationell nivå eller landsdelsnivå. Arbetet har utförts vid institutionen för skoglig resurshushållning, Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, Umeå, i samarbete med inst. för ekologi, SLU och avd. för biologi/IFM, Linköpings universitet. Erik Cronvall och Åsa Gallegos Torell (SLU, inst. för skoglig resurshushållning) har ansvarat för fältkurser och genomförandet av fältinventeringen tillsammans med säsongsanställd fältpersonal, med stöd av bl.a. Kjell Lagerqvist (SLU) och Karl-Olof Bergman (Linköpings universitet). Beräkningarna har utförts av Saskia Sandring och Åsa Eriksson, med stöd av Anna Ringvall (SLU). Sammanställandet av rapporten har utförts av Anders Glimskär och Jörgen Wissman (SLU). NILS programchef Johan Svensson (SLU) har det övergripande ansvaret för uppdraget
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4.
  • Glimskär, Anders, et al. (author)
  • Uppföljning av kvalitetsändringar i ängs- och betesmark via NILS år 2008
  • 2009
  • Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Denna rapport presenterar resultat för ett antal indikatorer på kvalitet och skötsel i ett stickprov av ängs- och betesmarker i hela Sverige. Inventeringen och analyserna görs varje år från och med 2006 på uppdrag av Jordbruksverket, som underlag för bl.a. utvärderingen av miljökvalitetsmålet Ett rikt odlingslandskap. Som indikatorer har i första hand valts ett antal organismgrupper (fjärilar, humlor, kärlväxter, grova lövträd och epifytlavar), och dessutom beskrivs vegetationens struktur och sammansättning i provytor, som underlag för att ta fram strukturella indikatorer (t.ex. påverkan av gödsling och hävdintensitet/igenväxning). Urvalet bygger på förslag som tagits fram av Naturcentrum AB. De resultat som presenteras i denna rapport kommer från de första tre årens inventering, vilket innefattar tre femtedelar av det totala stickprovet. Efter fem år får man således de mest tillförlitliga mängdskattningarna. Därefter återkommer man till samma objekt med samma intervall, vilket gör att man på ett tillförlitligt sätt kan analysera förändringar baserat på jämförelser mellan femårsperioder. Uppdraget att inventera ängs- och betesmarker samordnas med fältarbetet i NILS (Nationell Inventering av Landskapet i Sverige), och metodiken är till stor del likartad, med en del tilläggsmoment. NILS är ett rikstäckande miljöövervakningsprogram som följer tillstånd och förändringar i det svenska landskapet och hur dessa påverkar förutsättningarna för den biologiska mångfalden. NILS finansieras av Naturvårdsverket och ingår i programområde Landskap. Ett viktigt syfte med NILS är att följa upp de nationella miljökvalitetsmålen för olika naturtyper och fungera som underlag för att till exempel visa om genomförda miljövårdsåtgärder leder till önskade förbättringar på nationell nivå eller landsdelsnivå.
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5.
  • Ljung Svensson, Ann-Sofi (creator_code:cre_t, creator_code:res_t)
  • Forskarnas galleri #6 : Gröna vågor och röda stugor
  • 2019
  • Artistic workabstract
    • Denna utställning presenterar landsbygdsidyllen – pastoralen. Det är en litterär genre som sedan antiken använts för att utöva kritik mot ’staden’ och ’samhället’ genom att gestalta utopier av ’det goda livet’ på landet. Men från att tidigare varit en aktad höglitterär genre förflyttar sig idyllen under 1900-talet till i huvudsak andra litterära kretslopp och till andra medieformer. Den finns under 1930-talet i tidningsföljetongen och under 1970-talets gröna våg i proggmusiken. Idag växer den fram i bloggar med stora följarskaror.
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6.
  • Ahlberg, Erik, et al. (author)
  • "Vi klimatforskare stödjer Greta och skolungdomarna"
  • 2019
  • In: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - 1101-2447.
  • Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
    • DN DEBATT 15/3. Sedan industrialiseringens början har vi använt omkring fyra femtedelar av den mängd fossilt kol som får förbrännas för att vi ska klara Parisavtalet. Vi har bara en femtedel kvar och det är bråttom att kraftigt reducera utsläppen. Det har Greta Thunberg och de strejkande ungdomarna förstått. Därför stödjer vi deras krav, skriver 270 klimatforskare.
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7.
  • Ahlin, Sofie, 1985, et al. (author)
  • Fracture risk after three bariatric surgery procedures in Swedish obese subjects : up to 26 years follow-up of a controlled intervention study
  • 2020
  • In: Journal of Internal Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0954-6820 .- 1365-2796. ; 287:5, s. 546-557
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background: Previous studies have reported an increased fracture risk after bariatric surgery. Objective: To investigate the association between different bariatric surgery procedures and fracture risk. Methods: Incidence rates and hazard ratios for fracture events were analysed in the Swedish Obese Subjects study; an ongoing, nonrandomized, prospective, controlled intervention study. Hazard ratios were adjusted for risk factors for osteoporosis and year of inclusion. Information on fracture events were captured from the Swedish National Patient Register. The current analysis includes 2007 patients treated with bariatric surgery (13.3% gastric bypass, 18.7% gastric banding, and 68.0% vertical banded gastroplasty) and 2040 control patients with obesity matched on group level based on 18 variables. Median follow-up was between 15.1 and 17.9 years for the different treatment groups. Results: During follow-up, the highest incidence rate for first-time fracture was observed in the gastric bypass group (22.9 per 1000 person-years). The corresponding incidence rates were 10.4, 10.7 and 9.3 per 1000 person-years for the vertical banded gastroplasty, gastric banding and control groups, respectively. The risk of fracture was increased in the gastric bypass group compared with the control group (adjusted hazard ratio [adjHR] 2.58; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.02–3.31; P < 0.001), the gastric banding group (adjHR 1.99; 95%CI 1.41–2.82; P < 0.001), and the vertical banded gastroplasty group (adjHR 2.15; 95% CI 1.66–2.79; P < 0.001). Conclusions: The risk of fracture is increased after gastric bypass surgery. Our findings highlight the need for long-term follow-up of bone health for patients undergoing this treatment.
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8.
  • Alftberg, Åsa, et al. (author)
  • Introduktion : Funktionsförmåga
  • 2013
  • In: Gränsløs. Tidskrift för studier av Öresundsregionens historia, kultur och samhällsliv.. - 2001-4961. ; :2, s. 5-8
  • Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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9.
  • Andersson, Martin N, et al. (author)
  • Characterization of olfactory sensory neurons in the white clover seed weevil, Apion fulvipes (Coleoptera: Apionidae).
  • 2012
  • In: Journal of Insect Physiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1611 .- 0022-1910. ; 58:10, s. 1325-1333
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Seed-eating Apion weevils (Coleoptera: Apionidae) cause large economic losses in white and red clover seed production across Europe. Monitoring and control of clover weevils would be facilitated by semiochemical-based methods. Until now, however, nothing was known about physiological or behavioral responses to semiochemicals in this insect group. Here we analyzed the antenna of the white clover (Trifolium repens L.) specialist Apion fulvipes Geoffroy with scanning electron microscopy, and used single sensillum recordings with a set of 28 host compounds to characterize 18 classes of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs). Nine of the OSN classes responded strongly to synthetic compounds with high abundance in clover leaves, flowers, or buds. Eight classes responded only weakly to the synthetic stimuli, whereas one collective class responded exclusively to volatiles released from a crushed clover leaf. The OSNs showed a remarkable degree of specificity, responding to only one or a few chemically related compounds. In addition, we recorded a marked difference in the temporal dynamics of responses between different neurons, compounds, and doses. The identified physiologically active compounds will be screened for behavioral activity, with the ultimate goal to develop an odor-based control strategy for this pest.
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10.
  • Andersson, Svante, 1962-, et al. (author)
  • Mega-sport football events’ influence on destination images : A study of the 2016 UEFA European Football Championship in France, the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia, and the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar
  • 2021
  • In: Journal of Destination Marketing & Management. - Amsterdam : Elsevier. - 2212-571X .- 2212-5752. ; 19
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The purpose of this study is to examine whether mega-sport events influence visitors' destination images and to explore which factors influence their perceptions of and intentions to attend a mega-sport event in certain destinations. We examine visitors' perceptions of the 2016 UEFA European Football Championship in France, the 2018 FIFA World Cup in Russia, and the upcoming 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar through a structured questionnaire published on the Facebook group Camp Sweden, a community of Swedish football supporters. We find differences among supporters’ destination image after they attended the mega-sport football events. The study also shows that positive destination images after visits were based on whether the destinations were able to satisfy important factors for supporters when visiting the destination. Qatar will be challenged to improve its destination image, as supporters do not connect factors important for visiting destinations with their current perceptions of Qatar. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
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11.
  • Anveden, Åsa, et al. (author)
  • Long-term incidence of female-specific cancer after bariatric surgery or usual care in the Swedish Obese Subjects Study
  • 2017
  • In: Gynecologic Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0090-8258. ; 145:2, s. 224-229
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Objective. To examine the long-term effects of bariatric surgery on female-specific cancer in women with obesity. Methods. The prospective, matched Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study was designed to examine outcomes after bariatric surgery. This study includes 1420 women from the SOS cohort that underwent bariatric surgery and 1447 contemporaneously matched controls who received conventional obesity treatment. Age was 3760 years and BMI was >= 38 kg/m(2). Information on cancer events was obtained from the Swedish National Cancer Registry. Median follow-up time was 18.1 years (interquartile range 14.8-20.9 years, maximum 26 years). This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01479452. Results. Bariatric surgery was associated with reduced risk of overall cancer (hazard ratio = 0.71; 95% CI 0.59-0.85; p < 0.001). About half of the observed cancers were female-specific, and the incidence of these were lower in the surgery group compared with the control group (hazard ratio = 0.68; 95% CI 0.52-0.88; p = 0.004). The surgical treatment benefit with respect to female-specific cancer was significantly associated with baseline serum insulin (interaction p value = 0.022), with greater relative treatment benefit in patients with medium or high insulin levels. Separate analyses of different types of female-specific cancers showed that bariatric surgery was associated with reduced risk of endometrial cancer (hazard ratio = 0.56: 95% CI 035-0.89; p = 0.014). Conclusions. In this long-term study, bariatric surgery was associated with reduced risk of female-specific cancer, especially in women with hyperinsulinemia at baseline.
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  • Axelsson, C, et al. (author)
  • Characteristics and outcome among patients suffering from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with the emphasis on availability for intervention trials
  • 2007
  • In: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier Ireland Ltd. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570.
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • AIM: To describe all patients treated for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) according to the Utstein criteria and their characteristics and outcome with emphasis on whether they were available for early intervention trials. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of a study where data were collected prospectively. SETTING: The Municipality of Goteborg/Molndal in Sweden. PATIENTS: All patients suffering from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in the Municipality of Goteborg/Molndal in whom cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) was attempted between May 2003 and May 2005. INTERVENTIONS: Part of the study cohort, i.e. patients with a witnessed, non-traumatic, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest were distributed (cluster) to mechanical (LUCAS) or manual chest compression. RESULTS: The overall survival to discharge from hospital among the 508 patients was 8.5%. The corresponding value for non-cardiac cases was 5.1% and for cardiac cases if crew witnessed 16.1%, bystander witnessed 12.7% and non-witnessed 1.4%. Fifty-nine percent of the patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria for the trial and had no exclusion criteria and 9.7% of these survived to discharge. Ten percent of patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria but were excluded and 20.4% survived to discharge. Thirty-one percent of patients did not fulfil the inclusion criteria and 2.5% survived. Among patients included in the LUCAS group, many of the survivors, 10/13 (77%), experienced a rapid return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) before the application of the device. CONCLUSION: Among patients with OHCA in whom CPR was started 8.5% survived to hospital discharge and 59% were theoretically available for an early intervention trial. These patients have a different outcome compared with patients not available. However, among those available, the majority of survivors had a rapid ROSC before the application of the intervention (LUCAS). This raises concerns about the potential for early intervention trials to improve outcome after OHCA.
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15.
  • Axelsson, Christer, 1955, et al. (author)
  • Clinical consequences of the introduction of mechanical chest compression in the EMS-system for treatment of hospital cardiac arrest. A pilot study.
  • 2006
  • In: Resuscitation. - 0300-9572. ; :71, s. 47-55
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Gothenburg EMS-system, GoteborgAIM: To evaluate the outcome among patients suffering from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) after the introduction of mechanical chest compression (MCC) compared with standard cardiopulmonary resuscitation (SCPR) in two emergency medical service (EMS) systems. METHODS: The inclusion criterion was witnessed OHCA. The exclusion criteria were age < 18 years, the following judged etiologies behind OHCA: trauma, pregnancy, hypothermia, intoxication, hanging and drowning or return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) prior to the arrival of the advanced life support (ALS) unit. Two MCC devices were allocated during six-month periods between four ALS units for a period of two years (cluster randomisation). RESULTS: In all, 328 patients fulfilled the criteria for participation and 159 were allocated to the MCC tier (the device was used in 66% of cases) and 169 to the SCPR tier. In the MCC tier, 51% had ROSC (primary end-point) versus 51% in the SCPR tier. The corresponding values for hospital admission alive (secondary end-point) were 38% and 37% (NS). In the subset of patients in whom the device was used, the percentage who had ROSC was 49% versus 50% in a control group matched for age, initial rhythm, aetiology, bystander-/crew-witnessed status and delay to CPR. The percentage of patients discharged alive from hospital after OHCA was 8% versus 10% (NS) for all patients and 2% versus 4%, respectively (NS) for the patients in the subset (where the device was used and the matched control population). CONCLUSION: In this pilot study, the results did not support the hypothesis that the introduction of mechanical chest compression in OHCA improves outcome. However, there is room for further improvement in the use of the device. The hypothesis that this will improve outcome needs to be tested in further prospective trials.
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16.
  • Berg, Andreas, et al. (author)
  • Transfer of fixed-N from N-2-fixing cyanobacteria associated with the moss Sphagnum riparium results in enhanced growth of the moss
  • 2013
  • In: Plant and Soil. - : Springer Verlag (Germany). - 0032-079X .- 1573-5036. ; 362:1-2, s. 271-278
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Despite the general assumption that nitrogen fixed by associated cyanobacteria will be readily utilised for growth by the Sphagnum, no empirical evidence is available in the literature. Therefore the effects of nitrogen transfer from cyanobacteria associated with S. riparium were investigated. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanCultivation of S. riparium with and without cyanobacteria was performed under laboratory conditions for 57 days. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanWe show that nitrogen fixation by cyanobacteria associated with Sphagnum mosses, influences moss growth by transfer of fixed nitrogen to the moss. More than 35 % of the nitrogen fixed by cyanobacteria was transferred to the newly formed moss biomass and resulted in an increase in the growth of Sphagnum biomass compared to the controls. The variation in the increase of nitrogen content explained 76 % of the biomass increment. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanHence, nitrogen fixation will have immediate effect on the carbon fixation by Sphagnum. This shows that factors regulating nitrogen fixation will have a direct effect on the role of Sphagnum dominated ecosystems with respect to carbon cycling.
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17.
  • Berglund, Ellinor, et al. (author)
  • Effect of Smartphone Dispatch of Volunteer Responders on Automated External Defibrillators and Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrests : The SAMBA Randomized Clinical Trial
  • 2023
  • In: JAMA cardiology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2380-6583 .- 2380-6591. ; 8:1, s. 81-88
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Importance  Smartphone dispatch of volunteer responders to nearby out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) has emerged in several emergency medical services, but no randomized clinical trials have evaluated the effect on bystander use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs).Objective  To evaluate if bystander AED use could be increased by smartphone-aided dispatch of lay volunteer responders with instructions to collect nearby AEDs compared with instructions to go directly to patients with OHCAs to start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR).Design, Setting, and Participants  This randomized clinical trial assessed a system for smartphone dispatch of volunteer responders to individuals experiencing OHCAs that was triggered at emergency dispatch centers in response to suspected OHCAs and randomized 1:1. The study was conducted in 2 main Swedish regions: Stockholm and Västra Götaland between December 2018 and January 2020. At study start, there were 3123 AEDs in Stockholm and 3195 in Västra Götaland and 24 493 volunteer responders in Stockholm and 19 117 in Västra Götaland. All OHCAs in which the volunteer responder system was activated by dispatchers were included. Excluded were patients with no OHCAs, those with OHCAs not treated by the emergency medical services, and those with OHCAs witnessed by the emergency medical services.Interventions  Volunteer responders were alerted through the volunteer responder system smartphone application and received map-aided instructions to retrieve nearest available public AEDs on their way to the OHCAs. The control arm included volunteer responders who were instructed to go directly to the OHCAs to perform CPR.Main Outcomes and Measures  Overall bystander AED attachment, including those attached by volunteer responders and lay volunteers who did not use the smartphone application.Results  Volunteer responders were activated for 947 patients with OHCAs. Of those, 461 were randomized to the intervention group (median [IQR] age of patients, 73 [61-81] years; 295 male patients [65.3%]) and 486 were randomized to the control group (median [IQR] age of patients, 73 [63-82] years; 312 male patients [65.3%]). Primary outcome of AED attachment occurred in 61 patients (13.2%) in the intervention arm vs 46 patients (9.5%) in the control arm (difference, 3.8% [95% CI, −0.3% to 7.9%]; P = .08). The majority of AEDs were attached by lay volunteers who were not using the smartphone application (37 in intervention arm, 28 in control). There were no significant differences in secondary outcomes. Among the volunteer responders using the application, crossover was 11% and compliance to instructions was 31%. Volunteer responders attached 38% (41 of 107) of all AEDs and provided 45% (16 of 36) of all defibrillations and 43% (293 of 666) of all CPR.Conclusions and Relevance  In this study, smartphone dispatch of volunteer responders to OHCAs to retrieve nearby AEDs vs instructions to directly perform CPR did not significantly increase volunteer AED use. High baseline AED attachement rate and crossover may explain why the difference was not significant.Trial Registration  ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02992873
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18.
  • Berglund, Ellinor, et al. (author)
  • Wellbeing, emotional response and stress among lay responders dispatched to suspected out-of-hospital cardiac arrests
  • 2022
  • In: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier Ireland Ltd. - 0300-9572 .- 1873-1570. ; 170, s. 352-360
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background: Systems for smartphone dispatch of lay responders to perform cardio-pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and bring automated external defibrillators to out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) are advocated by recent international guidelines and emerging worldwide. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the emotional responses, posttraumatic stress reactions and levels of wellbeing among smartphone-alerted lay responders dispatched to suspected OHCAs. Methods: Lay responders were stratified by level of exposure: unexposed (Exp-0), tried to reach (Exp-1), and reached the suspected OHCA (Exp-2). Participants rated their emotional responses online, at 90 minutes and at 4–6 weeks after an incident. Level of emotional response was measured in two dimensions of core affect: “alertness” – from deactivation to activation, and “pleasantness” – from unpleasant to pleasant. At 4–6 weeks, WHO wellbeing index and level of posttraumatic stress (PTSD) were also rated. Results: Altogether, 915 (28%) unexposed and 1471 (64%) exposed responders completed the survey. Alertness was elevated in the exposed groups: Exp-0: 6.7 vs. Exp-1: 7.3 and Exp-2: 7.5, (p < 0.001) and pleasantness was highest in the unexposed group: 6.5, vs. Exp-1: 6.3, and Exp-2: 6.1, (p < 0.001). Mean scores for PTSD at follow-up was below clinical cut-off, Exp-0: 9.9, Exp-1: 8.9 and Exp-2: 8.8 (p = 0.065). Wellbeing index showed no differences, Exp-0: 78.0, Exp-1: 78.5 and Exp-2: 79.9 (p = 0.596). Conclusion: Smartphone dispatched lay responders rated the experience as high-energy and mainly positive. No harm to the lay responders was seen. The exposed groups had low posttraumatic stress scores and high-level general wellbeing at follow-up. © 2021
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19.
  • Björkholm, Carl, et al. (author)
  • Adjunctive treatment with asenapine augments the escitalopram-induced effects on monoaminergic outflow and glutamatergic neurotransmission in the medial prefrontal cortex of the rat.
  • 2015
  • In: International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1461-1457 .- 1469-5111. ; 18:3
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • BACKGROUND: Substantial clinical data support the addition of low doses of atypical antipsychotic drugs to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) to rapidly enhance the antidepressant effect in treatment-resistant depression. Preclinical studies suggest that this effect is at least partly explained by an increased catecholamine outflow in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC).METHODS: In the present study we used in vivo microdialysis in freely moving rats and in vitro intracellular recordings of pyramidal cells of the rat mPFC to investigate the effects of adding the novel atypical antipsychotic drug asenapine to the SSRI escitalopram with regards to monoamine outflow in the mPFC and dopamine outflow in nucleus accumbens as well as glutamatergic transmission in the mPFC.RESULTS: The present study shows that addition of low doses (0.05 and 0.1 mg/kg) of asenapine to escitalopram (5 mg/kg) markedly enhances dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin release in the rat mPFC as well as dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens. Moreover, this drug combination facilitated both N-methyl-d-Aspartate (NMDA)- and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-induced currents as well as electrically evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials in pyramidal cells of the rat mPFC.CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the notion that the augmentation of SSRIs by atypical antipsychotic drugs in treatment-resistant depression may, at least in part, be related to enhanced catecholamine output in the prefrontal cortex and that asenapine may be clinically used to achieve this end. In particular, the subsequent activation of the D1 receptor may be of importance for the augmented antidepressant effect, as this mechanism facilitated both NMDA and AMPA receptor-mediated transmission in the mPFC. Our novel observation that the drug combination, like ketamine, facilitates glutamatergic transmission in the mPFC may contribute to explain the rapid and potent antidepressant effect obtained when atypical antipsychotic drugs are added to SSRIs.
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20.
  • Björkholm, Carl, et al. (author)
  • The novel antipsychotic drug brexpiprazole, alone and in combination with escitalopram, facilitates prefrontal glutamatergic transmission via a dopamine D1 receptor-dependent mechanism.
  • 2017
  • In: European Neuropsychopharmacology. - : Elsevier. - 0924-977X .- 1873-7862. ; 27, s. 411-417
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Brexpiprazole (Rexulti(®)), a novel D2/3 receptor (R) partial agonist, was recently approved as monotherapy for schizophrenia, demonstrating effectiveness against both positive and negative symptoms, and also approved as add-on treatment to antidepressant drugs, inducing a potent antidepressant effect with a faster onset compared to an antidepressant given alone. Moreover, brexpiprazole has demonstrated pro-cognitive effects in preclinical studies. To explore whether the observed effects may be mediated via modulation of prefrontal glutamatergic transmission, we investigated the effect of brexpiprazole, alone and in combination with the SSRI escitalopram, on prefrontal glutamatergic transmission using in vitro electrophysiological intracellular recordings of deep layer pyramidal cells of the rat medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Nanomolar concentrations of brexpiprazole potentiated NMDAR-induced currents and electrically evoked EPSPs via activation of dopamine D1Rs, in similarity with the effect of the atypical antipsychotic drug clozapine. The effect of an ineffective concentration of brexpiprazole was significantly potentiated by the addition of escitalopram. When combined with escitalopram, brexpiprazole also potentiated AMPAR-mediated transmission, in similarity with the clinically rapid acting antidepressant drug ketamine. The effect on the AMPAR-mediated currents was also D1R dependent. In conclusion, our data propose that brexpiprazole exerts a clozapine-like potentiation of NMDAR-mediated currents in the mPFC, which can explain its efficacy on negative symptoms of schizophrenia and the pro-cognitive effects observed preclinically. Moreover, add-on brexpiprazole to escitalopram also potentiated AMPAR-mediated transmission, which may provide a neurobiological explanation to the faster antidepressant effect of add-on brexpiprazole in major depression.
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21.
  • Björn, Annika, 1972-, et al. (author)
  • Rheological characteristics of reactor liquid from 12 full-scale biogas reactors
  • 2012
  • In: International Conference on Applied Energy, ICAE 2012.
  • Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Rheological properties of reactor liquids are important for the construction and intensity mixing systems in biogas reactors. Most frequently the total solids content (TS) is used as a proxy to guide in these matters. In order to establish a more comprehensive basis the rheology of twelve full-scale continuously stirred tank biogas reactors was characterized and related to differences in substrate composition and operational conditions. Reactor material from eight mesophilic (36−38°C) and four thermophilic (52−55°C) reactors were sampled at two occasions. The feedstocks of nine of these reactors were included in the analysis. Two of the mesophilic and one of the thermophilic digesters were fed sewage sludge (SS), while the others digested mixtures of organic matter including slaughterhouse waste (SHW), food industry waste (FIW), fat, manure, fodder residues and the organic fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). The organic loading rates ranged 2.4−3.6 kg VS m-3 d-1 and the TS of the reactor materials were at 1.8−5.3% . The rheological characteristics of the reactor liquids were interpreted from flow- and viscosity curves as well as from determination of dynamic viscosity, limit viscosity, yield stress, flow behavior and consistency index.The fluid dynamic- and limit viscosities of the fluids ranged 5−600 mPa*s and 4−40 mPa*s, respectively. All reactor fluids except one from a thermohilic CD-reactor showed pseudoplastic behavior, since they became thinner with increasing shear stress until the viscosity reached a plateau of limit viscosity. In addition the mesophilic CD reactors were strongly thixothropic, i.e. they exhibited partial structure recovery. The results from the analysis of the thermophilic CD-reactors indicated a weak dilatant behavior, i.e. shear thickening behavior.The results showed differences in viscosity despite similar TS-content for several reactor liquids. From this survey it is clear that the TS content of biogas reactor fluids is not a good estimator of the fluid viscosity and that the fluid characteristics vary as a result of substrate composition and process operation conditions.
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22.
  • Björn, Annika, et al. (author)
  • Substrate and operational conditions as regulators of fluid properties in full-scale continuous stirred-tank biogas reactors - implications for rheology-driven power requirements
  • 2018
  • In: Water Science and Technology. - : IWA PUBLISHING. - 0273-1223 .- 1996-9732. ; 78:4, s. 814-826
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Understanding fluid rheology is important for optimal design and operation of continuous stirred-tank biogas reactors (CSTBRs) and is the basis for power requirement estimates. Conflicting results have been reported regarding the applicability of total solid (TS) and/or total volatile solid (TVS) contents of CSTBR fluids as proxies for rheological properties. Thus, the present study investigates relationships between rheological properties of 12 full-scale CSTBR fluids, their substrate profiles, and major operational conditions, including pH, TS and TVS contents, organic loading rate, hydraulic retention time, and temperature. Rheology-driven power requirements based on various fluid characteristics were evaluated for a general biogas reactor setup. The results revealed a significant correlation only between the rheological fluid properties and TS or TVS contents for sewage sludge digesters and thermophilic co-digesters (CD), but not for mesophilic CD. Furthermore, the calculated power requirements for pumping and mixing, based on the various fluid characteristics of the studied CSTBRs, varied broadly irrespective of TS and TVS contents. Thus, this study shows that the TS and/or TVS contents of digester fluid are not reliable estimators of the rheological properties in CSTBRs digesting substrates other than sewage sludge.
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23.
  • Blom, Karen Ann (author)
  • Ordinary people, meaningful pasts – Negotiating narratives in public pedagogical spaces of family history research
  • 2024
  • Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • This dissertation examines three family history research experiences as public pedagogical spaces, analysing the narratives presented and participants’ negotiations with these. In the context of enhanced digitalisation and rapidly developing technologies, disturbances in the form of pandemics, hackers, and wars remind us of the instability of the present, raising existential questions and reinforcing the desire to anchor oneself in the past. Despite this growing interest, academic research focusing on family history is sparse. This dissertation project is unique in its focus on a Swedish context, the selection of three specific family history experiences as case studies, and its use of a public pedagogical perspective examining relational learning beyond formal institutions intrinsically woven within the fabric of society.This dissertation uses three case studies as reflections of more extensive experiences of the phenomenon of interest in family history and the past. These include the Swedish family history television series Allt för Sverige’s previous contestants’ narratives, the results from four genetic ancestry testing companies, and participants’ narratives from two Swedish non-formal family history research courses. Analysing these further within this compilation dissertation engages a conceptual framework consisting of Rüsen’s historical narrative typology, Hall’s decoding/encoding model, and Ellsworth’s use of Public Pedagogy as relational and facilitating transitional spaces for knowledge in the making. An emphasis on the process of pedagogy, rather than the product of knowledge, is prominent in this hermeneutic phenomenological study and reflects the concept of Bildung as the cultivation of the whole person.The findings reveal a more complex picture of family historians, history, and family history research experiences than what is often portrayed. Participants deem not only the effervescent or exceptional findings and activities valuable, but the everyday banal is perceived as significant and contributes to the development of understanding and meaning. Moreover, regardless of the physical site of the experience, the infused pedagogical intent is illustrated through participants’ interactions and negotiations. In a field surrounded by rock walls their ancestor built, discovering a relative had only five spoons in a testament, or examining a deep map to trace the movements of ancestors all provide opportunities to juxtapose, confirm, and/or challenge previous knowledge with new information and experiences, reiterating the extensive reach of public pedagogy.Despite narratives presenting conflicting depictions of the past, participants of this study demonstrate agency in their negotiations, resulting in enhanced empathy and enriched historical consciousness. By exploring these family history research experiences as pedagogical spaces, this dissertation provides a more nuanced understanding of the broader field of public pedagogy and contributes new insights from Swedish and participants’ perspectives to the growing body of research on family history. It highlights the potential and benefits of examining the small, seemingly insignificant, everyday items and events. Moreover, it contributes a more comprehensive illustration of the seepage/pervasiveness of public pedagogy as complex and relational.
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24.
  • Blom, Åsa, 1977-, et al. (author)
  • Obehandlade träfasader : En handledning
  • 2024
  • Reports (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
    • Denna skrift baseras på erfarenheter och observationer från flertalet olikaforskningsförsök vid Linnéuniversitetet samt följeforskning av ett parpågående och planerade byggprojekt med träfasader. Syftet har varit attöka och sprida kunskapen om obehandlade träfasader i allmänhet ochobehandlad gran i synnerhet. En obehandlad fasad kan vara en lämpligersättningsprodukt till andra typer av obehandlade fasader som i nulägetofta har ett avsevärt högre klimatavtryck, ofta beroende på långvägatransporter. Målet är att ökade kunskaper om obehandlat trä ska möjliggöraoch skapa en ökad användning av trä i utomhusapplikationer.Handledningen är tänkt att vara en hjälp för de som är intresserade av,projekterar för, eller bygger med obehandlade träfasader.Författarna vill rikta ett stort tack till kollegor och samarbetspartners,särskilt Derome, Granitor, JGA och Södra. Denna skrift tillkom medbidrag från CBBT: Centrum för Byggande och Boende i trä.
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25.
  • Bock, Alexander, et al. (author)
  • A Visualization-Based Analysis System for Urban Search & Rescue Mission Planning Support
  • 2017
  • In: Computer graphics forum (Print). - : WILEY. - 0167-7055 .- 1467-8659. ; 36:6, s. 148-159
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • We propose a visualization system for incident commanders (ICs) in urban searchandrescue scenarios that supports path planning in post-disaster structures. Utilizing point cloud data acquired from unmanned robots, we provide methods for the assessment of automatically generated paths. As data uncertainty and a priori unknown information make fully automated systems impractical, we present the IC with a set of viable access paths, based on varying risk factors, in a 3D environment combined with visual analysis tools enabling informed decision making and trade-offs. Based on these decisions, a responder is guided along the path by the IC, who can interactively annotate and reevaluate the acquired point cloud and generated paths to react to the dynamics of the situation. We describe visualization design considerations for our system and decision support systems in general, technical realizations of the visualization components, and discuss the results of two qualitative expert evaluation; one online study with nine searchandrescue experts and an eye-tracking study in which four experts used the system on an application case.
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26.
  • Brodin, Eva, 1974- (author)
  • Critical Thinking in Scholarship: : Meanings, Conditions and Development
  • 2007
  • Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • The purpose of this thesis is to explore the phenomenon of critical thinking in scholarship as regards its meanings, conditions, and development using a hermeneutic phenomenological approach. This exploration takes its departure in ancient Greece, following a historical movement of the phenomenon up to present day perspectives on critical thinking, revealing a range of different meanings and conditions. Thus, the reader is invited to follow my synthetic meaning constitution of the phenomenon of critical thinking as it appears in different philosophical and educational texts. Through this gradual process of meaning constitution it is shown that the scholarly critical thinker is in one way or another concerned with abstract relationships, in order to either master, understand, or change the world. These underlying interests may, in turn, be derived from the critical thinker’s sense of responsibility towards God, nature, society, and humanity as a whole. It also appears that even though critical thinking in scholarship is traditionally framed within rational and principle based thinking, the development of the meaning of critical thinking is on its way to new dimensions. Besides rationality, other qualities of critical thinking are highlighted, such as reflective thinking, emotions, creativity, imagination, and intuition. Despite the fact that research on critical thinking has started to move in new directions, educational policy documents implicitly conceptualize critical thinking in traditional terms. This means that the phenomenon is captured within its own instrumentality, with no further concern for its possible ends. The same circumstance can be noted in relation to contemporary perspectives on critical thinking, which tend to focus on the process of critical thinking, since critical thinking is implicitly understood as an assurance of attaining normatively good ends. However, critical thinking is a phenomenon that is future oriented, involving its intention and possible ends. Against this background, it is therefore argued that critical thinking receives its most critical feature when intention, process and end constitute a constructive interrelated whole.
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27.
  • Bäckman, Ulrika, et al. (author)
  • Importance of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A in the Progression of Experimental Neuroblastoma
  • 2002
  • In: Angiogenesis. - 0969-6970 .- 1573-7209. ; 5:4, s. 267-274
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) and its receptor tyrosine kinases located on endothelial cells seem to play an important role in the multistep pathway of angiogenesis. SU5416 is a small molecule which inhibits angiogenesis by acting as an inhibitor of VEGF receptor-2 tyrosine kinase. We have developed a reproducible murine model for neuroblastoma, a childhood cancer, based on s.c. xenotransplantation of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. We found that SH-SY5Y cells expressed VEGF-A on both the mRNA and protein levels, that plasma concentrations of VEGF-A were significantly elevated in animals with neuroblastoma with a volume > 1.4 ml, and that there was a correlation between VEGF-A levels in plasma and tumor size in untreated tumor-bearing animals. Treatment with SU5416 reduced the growth of neuroblastoma tumors by 65% without apparent toxicity. SU5416 treatment also suppressed tumor angiogenesis, despite an increase in plasma VEGF-A levels per ml tumor volume during therapy. Our experimental data suggest that the angiogenesis inhibitor SU5416 may be beneficial in the treatment of solid tumors of childhood such as neuroblastoma.
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28.
  • Bäckman, Ulrika, et al. (author)
  • The Bisphosphonate Zoledronic Acid Reduces Experimental Neuroblastoma Growth by Interference with Tumor Angiogenesis
  • 2008
  • In: Anticancer Research. - 0250-7005 .- 1791-7530. ; 28:3A, s. 1551-1557
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background: Zoledronic acid is a new member of the bisphosphonate (BP) class of compounds, a family of closely related synthetic molecules originally derived from the naturally occurring pyrophosphate. These compounds that are potent inhibitors of bone resorption, have been shown to reduce the growth of several cancer cell lines in vitro, and can act as inhibitors of angiogenesis. The angiogenesis inhibitor TNP-470, a synthetic analogue of the fungal antibiotic fumagillin, has been shown to inhibit the growth of multiple tumors in vivo, and is currently in Phase H clinical trials for cancer. Materials and Methods: The effects of daily subcutaneous (s.c.) administration of zoledronic acid (0.1 mg/kg) were compared with those of TNP-470 (15 mg/kg/day and 30 mg/kg every other day, s.c.) in a nude mouse xenograft model for the childhood cancer, neuroblastoma (NB). Results: Zoledronic acid reduced the tumor growth by 33% whereas TNP-470 was less effective and reduced the tumor growth by 26% and 11% for animals treated with 15 mg/kg/day and 30 mg/kg every other day, respectively. Analysis of angiogenesis showed a significant reduction of the number of vessels per grid and in vessel length in all the treatment groups. Conclusion: Zoledronic acid shows tumoristatic and angiostatic properties that might be beneficial in the treatment of solid tumors such as neuroblastoma.
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29.
  • Börjesson, Gunnar, et al. (author)
  • Methane fluxes from a Swedish landfill determined by geostatistical treatment of static chamber measurements
  • 2000
  • In: Environmental Science and Technology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1086-931X .- 1520-6912 .- 0013-936X .- 1520-5851. ; 34:18, s. 4044-4050
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Methane emissions from a Swedish landfill were measured with a static chamber technique on three occasions during 1997. Methane flux rates ranged from -15.2 x 10-3 to 40 g of CH4 m-2 h-1, and the spatial variability was high (CV = 343-386%). The spatial distribution of the emissions was estimated with the help of ordinary kriging, which is a spatial interpolation method. Three different approaches to estimate the total amounts were used: kriging on logarithm-transformed data, kriging with extremes excluded, and linear interpolation of measurements. These were compared between themselves and with the flux rates measured with a tracer gas technique. While the latter gave an estimate of 41 kg of CH4 h-1 from the landfill (with small variations), the highest possible estimate obtained with static chambers and geostatistical methods was 9.7 kg of CH4 h-1. The conclusion is that static chambers can hardly be trusted for making more than small-scale estimates of landfill gas emissions.Methane emissions from a Swedish landfill were measured with a static chamber technique on three occasions during 1997. Methane flux rates ranged from -15.2 ╫ 10-3 to 40 g of CH4 m-2 h-1, and the spatial variability was high (CV = 343-386%). The spatial distribution of the emissions was estimated with the help of ordinary kriging, which is a spatial interpolation method. Three different approaches to estimate the total amounts were used: kriging on logarithm-transformed data, kriging with extremes excluded, and linear interpolation of measurements. These were compared between themselves and with the flux rates measured with a tracer gas technique. While the latter gave an estimate of 41 kg of CH4 h-1 from the landfill (with small variations), the highest possible estimate obtained with static chambers and geostatistical methods was 9.7 kg of CH4 h-1. The conclusion is that static chambers can hardly be trusted for making more than small-scale estimates of landfill gas emissions.
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30.
  • Börjesson, Gunnar, et al. (author)
  • Microbial oxidation of CH4 at high partial pressures in an organic landfill cover soil under different moisture regimes
  • 1998
  • In: FEMS Microbiology Ecology. - 0168-6496. ; 26:3, s. 207-217
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The uptake and utilization of CH4 at high concentrations (5-18% vol.) and different soil moistures were followed for samples from a landfill cover soil with a high organic matter content. Measurements of the utilization of CH4 and O2, and production of CO2 indicated that the activity of methanotrophic organisms accounted for most of the O2 respiration. At water saturation, CH4 oxidation rates decreased with time, probably because NH4/+ accumulated. Denitrification rates, estimated based on both N2 and N2O production, were positively related to soil moisture and only slightly influenced by the extent of CH4 oxidation. Total phospholipid fatty acid concentrations increased, and concentrations of phospholipid fatty acids, typical for obligate methanotrophic bacteria (e.g. 16:1ω8 and 18:1ω8), increased in the CH4-amended samples, indicating growth of both type I and type II methanotrophs.
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31.
  • Carlsson, Lena M S, 1957, et al. (author)
  • Bariatric surgery and prevention of type 2 diabetes in Swedish obese subjects.
  • 2012
  • In: The New England journal of medicine. - : Massachusetts Medical Society. - 1533-4406 .- 0028-4793. ; 367:8, s. 695-704
  • Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Weight loss protects against type 2 diabetes but is hard to maintain with behavioral modification alone. In an analysis of data from a nonrandomized, prospective, controlled study, we examined the effects of bariatric surgery on the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
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32.
  • Carlzon, Daniel, et al. (author)
  • Both Low and High Serum Insulin-like Growth Factor-I Levels Associate with Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Elderly Men.
  • 2014
  • In: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 99:11
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Aims: Most previous prospective studies suggest that low serum insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) associates with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events while other studies suggest that high serum IGF-I associates with increased risk of CVD events. We tested the hypothesis that not only low, but also high, serum IGF-I associate with increased risk of CVD events in elderly men. Methods and Results: Serum IGF-I levels were measured in 2901 elderly men (aged 69 to 81 years) included in the prospective population-based MrOS-Sweden cohort. Data for CVD events were obtained from national Swedish registers with no loss of follow-up. During follow-up (median 5.1 yrs) 589 of the participants experienced a CVD event. The association between serum IGF-I and risk of CVD events was nonlinear, and restricted cubic spline Cox regression analysis revealed a U-shaped association between serum IGF-I levels and CVD events (p<0.01 for nonlinearity). Low as well as high serum IGF-I (quintile 1 or 5 vs. quintiles 2-4) significantly associated with increased risk for CVD events (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.25, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.54; and HR = 1.35, 95% CI 1.10-1.66, respectively). These associations remained after adjustment for prevalent CVD and multiple risk factors. High serum IGF-I associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) events but not with risk of cerebrovascular events. Conclusion: Both low and high serum IGF-I levels are risk markers for CVD events in elderly men. The association between high serum IGF-I and CVD events is mainly driven by CHD events.
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33.
  • Carrasco, David, et al. (author)
  • Characterization of olfactory sensory neurons in the red clover seed weevil, Protapion trifolii (Coleoptera : Brentidae) and comparison to the closely related species P. fulvipes
  • 2019
  • In: Journal of Insect Physiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-1910 .- 1879-1611. ; 119
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Protapion trifolii and P. fulvipes (Coleoptera: Brentidae) are major pests in European clover seed production. Previous studies have reported a high host plant fidelity of these weevils for red and white clover species, respectively, driven by host plant olfactory cues. Given the specific host preferences observed in these weevils, we aimed to elucidate to which extent such selectivity is reflected in their peripheral olfactory systems. Using an electrophysiological approach, we performed the first functional characterisation of olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) in P. trifolii to a panel of volatile compounds emitted by red clover plants, and compared the results with the reported OSN types of P. fulvipes. Nineteen OSN classes were characterized in P. trifolii, with the majority of these neurons responding strongly to common volatiles released by the host plant. Based on response profiles, eight of these OSN classes have clear matches to OSN classes in P. fulvipes. The OSN colocalisation patterns and antennal frequency of these classes are similar in the two species. Additionally, the responses of these OSNs are generally highly conserved in the two species, with clear response shifts only revealed for two of the OSN classes. These response shifts in combination with additional response dissimilarities for compounds that vary in abundance between red and white clover plants may underlie the species-specific host preferences. Further behavioural and field experiments should focus on these differentially detected compounds to elucidate their potential role in host selection and use in semiochemical-based control of these pests.
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34.
  • Carvalheira, A., et al. (author)
  • Acinetobacter portensis sp. Nov. and acinetobacter guerrae sp. nov., isolated from raw meat
  • 2020
  • In: International journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology. - : Microbiology Society. - 1466-5026 .- 1466-5034. ; 70:8, s. 4544-4554
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The taxonomic status of six strains of Acinetobacter obtained from meat samples, collected from supermarkets in Porto, Por-tugal, was investigated using polyphasic analysis. Partial rpoB sequence similarities lower than 95 % to other Acinetobacter species with validly published names led to the hypothesis that these strains represented novel species. This was confirmed based on comparative multilocus sequence analysis, which included the gyrB, recA and 16S rRNA genes, revealing that these strains represented two coherent lineages that were distinct from each other and from all known species. The names Acine-tobacter portensis sp. nov. (comprising four strains) and Acinetobacter guerrae sp. nov. (comprising two strains) are proposed for these novel species. The species status of these two groups was confirmed by low (below 95 %) whole-genome sequence average nucleotide identity values and low (below 70 %) digital DNA–DNA hybridization similarities between the whole-genome sequences of the proposed type strains of each novel species and the representatives of the known Acinetobacter species. Phylogenomic treeing from core genome analysis supported these results. The coherence of each new species lineage was supported by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry differentiation of the species at the protein level, by cellular fatty acid profiles, and by unique and differential combinations of metabolic and physiological properties shared by each novel species. The type strain of A. portensis sp. nov. is AC 877T (=CCUG 68672T=CCM 8789T) and the type strain of A. guerrae sp. nov. is AC 1271T (=CCUG 68674T=CCM 8791T). © 2020 The Authors.
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35.
  • Christesen, Henrik Thybo, et al. (author)
  • Tissue variations of mosaic genome-wide paternal uniparental disomy and phenotype of multi-syndromal congenital hyperinsulinism
  • 2020
  • In: European Journal of Medical Genetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 1769-7212 .- 1878-0849. ; 63:1
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Mosaic genome-wide paternal uniparental disomy (GW-pUPD) is a rarely recognised disorder. The phenotypic manifestations of multilocus imprinting defects (MLIDs) remain unclear. We report of an apparently non-syndromic infant with severe congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) and diffuse pancreatic labelling by 18F*-DOPA-PET/CT leading to near-total pancreatectomy. The histology was atypical with pronounced proliferation of endocrine cells comprising >70% of the pancreatic tissue and a small pancreatoblastoma. Routine genetic analysis for CHI was normal in the blood and resected pancreatic tissue. At two years’ age, Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome (BWS) stigmata emerged, and at five years a liver tumour with focal nodular hyperplasia and an adrenal tumour were resected. pUPD was detected in 11p15 and next in the entire chromosome 11 with microsatellite markers. Quantitative fluorescent PCR with amplification of chromosome-specific DNA sequences for chromosomes 13, 18, 21 and X indicated GW-pUPD. A next generation sequencing panel with 303 SNPs on 21 chromosomes showed pUPD in both blood and pancreatic tissue. The mosaic distribution of GW-pUPD ranged from 31 to 35% in blood and buccal swap to 74% in the resected pancreas, 80% in a non-tumour liver biopsy, and 100% in the liver focal nodular hyperplasia and adrenal tumour. MLID features included transient conjugated hyperbilirubinaemia and lack of macrosomia from BWS (pUPD6); and behavioural and psychomotor manifestations of Angelman Syndrome (pUPD15) on follow-up. In conclusion, atypical pancreatic histology in apparently non-syndromic severe CHI patients may be the first clue to BWS and multi-syndromal CHI from GW-pUPD. Variations in the degree of mosaicism between tissues explained the phenotype.
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36.
  • Dahlqvist, Heléne, 1974-, et al. (author)
  • Co-occurrence of online and offline bullying and sexual harassment among youth in Sweden : Implications for studies on victimization and health - a short communication
  • 2022
  • In: International Journal of Circumpolar Health. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1239-9736 .- 2242-3982. ; 81:1
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Studies of co-occurrence of online and offline victimisation of bullying and sexual harassment and its associations to mental health outcomes among youth are scarce. To inform future study designs, the aim of this brief communication was to map co-occurrence of online and offline bullying and sexual harassment victimisation among adolescents. Data were collected in 2011 in nine schools in Northern Sweden, n = 1193 (boys = 566; girls = 627). Absolute and relative frequencies were calculated to find combinations of victimisation: one, two, three, or four forms. Reflecting a picture of the early days of online victimisation, in total fifty seven percent (57%) of adolescents were victimised. Single occurrence victimisation was 21.2% (offline sexual harassment was most common irrespective of gender), showing that most youths were victimised in a co-occurrence of two or more forms. Seven percent (7%) were victimised by all four forms of victimisation. Offline sexual harassment victimisation was present in the most common co-occurrences. Directions for future studies of victimisation and its associations to mental health outcomes are discussed.
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37.
  • Danielski, Itai, 1973-, et al. (author)
  • Design för energieffektiv vardag : Slutrapport projekt DEVA-skolor
  • 2021
  • Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Dålig inomhusmiljö i grundskolor i Sverige verkar vara ett problem i många kommuner. I det här projektet har man tittat på om en installation av en stor mängd växter i ett klassrum skulle kunna ändra på det. Det finns nämligen forskning om visar att vi mår, både fysiskt och psykiskt, bättre om vi är omgivna av växter. Fysiskt för att de kan rena luften och omvandla koldioxiden till syre. Dessutom ökar de luftfuktigheten och reglerar temperaturen. Psykiskt kanske för att vi är en del av naturen och har levt i den största delen av mänsklighetens historia. Växter kan också skapa bättre akustik i rummet genom att absorbera ljudvågor. Dessutom finns det tidigare studier som visar att växterna kan öka både koncentrationsförmågan och minnet.Projektet hade tre olika perspektiv; design, miljö och hälsa. Platsen för projektet var en grundskola belägen i ett mindre landsbygdssamhälle i norra delarna av Sverige. Totalt installerades 350 gröna växter i fyra växtställningar, dessa fördelades sedan på två olika klassrum med ca 25 elever ur årskurs 8 vardera. Ett liknande klassrum (åk9) bredvid dessa användes som referensobjekt. Växtställningarna designades av industridesignstudenter på Mittuniversitetet och skulle resultera i fungerande prototyper med automatisk bevattning. Projektet pågick under två terminer, höstterminen 2019 och vårterminen 2020.Mätningar av inomhustemperaturen visade att de gröna växterna bidrar till en mer stabil temperatur och till och med kan öka temperaturen något, vilket kan användas för att minska värmebehovet. Effekterna på luftfuktighet var endast högre i klassrummen med växter under natten när ventilationsflödet var lågt. Koldioxidnivåerna i klassrummen med växterna var 10 % lägre under undervisningstiden jämfört med kontrollklassrummet vilket indikerar att gröna växter skulle kunna användas för att minska ventilationsluftflödet och därigenom minska värmeenergiförluster. Energiberäkningen visade upp till 18% minskning på uppvärmningsbehovet. Mängden luftburna partiklar var redan låg och man kunde inte se någon förändring efter installationen av växterna.I början uppskattade både lärare och elever att de hade fått ett “grönt klassrum”. Minnet och koncentrationsförmågan hos eleverna blev bättre. I mätningen ett halvår senare hade dock effekten avtagit. Det är svårt att säga om detta berodde på hemmablindhet, Covid 19-pandemin (som hade brutit ut en månad tidigare) eller för att det var problem med några av bevattningssystemen som gjorde att vissa växter vissnade. Kanske en kombination.Resultaten av det här projektet kan ge kunskap och inspiration till kommuner och skolor om hur de kan förbättra inomhusklimatet med växter som ett kostnadseffektivt komplement till befintliga ventilationssystem som också kan förbättra elevernas och lärarnas prestationer och välbefinnande. Det är värt att notera att den här studien genomfördes på landsbygden där det redan är en bra luftkvalitet. Därför vore intressant att genomföra en liknande studie i ett storstadsområde men sämre luftkvalitet och även i andra med typer av byggnader med lägre ventilationsflöde.Det är också värt att notera att när projektet befanns sig i halvtid inträffade en pandemi, covid-19, som gav en betydande påverkan på både många samhällsfunktioner och för många människor. Detta kan ha påverkat resultatet av effekterna i mätningarna av hälsa och koncentration.
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38.
  • Danielski, Itai, et al. (author)
  • Effects of Green Plants on the Indoor Environment and Wellbeing in Classrooms : A Case Study in a Swedish School
  • 2022
  • In: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 14:7
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Many schools in Sweden lack a proper indoor environment due to, e.g., poor thermal-envelope properties, overcrowded classes, poor visual appearance and insufficient ventilation. This study aims to explore the integration of a large number of indoor green plants into classrooms’ environments. This case study consists of three parts: measurements of the indoor environment including a final energy model, a questionnaire to the pupils with questions about their well-being and qualitative interviews with teachers. The case was two classrooms in a secondary education facility in central Sweden with an average annual temperature of 3 °C and a long and dark winter period with snow. The results showed 10% lower CO2 and slightly higher and more stable temperatures due to the green plants. Worries about climate change and war among the pupils decreased after several months with the plants and worry about infectious disease increased. The teachers experienced fresher air from the plants and used the plant stands for a flexible classroom design. The conclusion is that indoor plants have the potential to contribute to a better indoor environment, but due to the high number of uncontrolled variables (including the effect of COVID-19) in measurements of real-life conditions, more studies are needed.
  •  
39.
  • Danielsson, Åsa, et al. (author)
  • Effects of re-oxygenation and bioturbation by the polychaete Marenzelleria arctia on phosphorus, iron and manganese dynamics in Baltic Sea sediments
  • 2018
  • In: Boreal environment research. - : FINNISH ENVIRONMENT INST. - 1239-6095 .- 1797-2469. ; 23, s. 15-28
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Sediments underlying hypoxic or anoxic water bodies constitute a net source of phosphorus to the bottom water. This source has the potential to enhance eutrophication. Benthic fluxes of dissolved phosphorus, iron and manganese were measured from hypoxic, normoxic, and normoxic bioturbated by the invasive polychaete Marenzelleria arctia sediment in a mesocosm experiment. The highest benthic phosphorus efflux was detected in mesocosms with the hypoxic treatment. Normoxic, bioturbated sediments led to weaker retention of phosphorus compared to oxic, defaunated sediments. Both iron and manganese fluxes increased under bioturbated conditions compared to defaunated sediments. This study shows that re-oxygenation of previously anoxic coastal sediments enhance phosphorus retention in the sediments. Colonisation by M. arctia induce strong mobilisation of iron and manganese due to its intense bioirrigation, which facilitates organic matter degradation and decreases the phosphorus retention by metal oxides in sediment.
  •  
40.
  • Dedering, Åsa, et al. (author)
  • Neck-specific training with a cognitive behavioural approach compared with prescribed physical activity in patients with cervical radiculopathy : a protocol of a prospective randomised clinical trial
  • 2014
  • In: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2474. ; 15:274
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background: Patients with cervical radiculopathy often have neck- and arm pain, neurological changes, activity limitations and difficulties in returning to work. Most patients are not candidates for surgery but are often treated with different conservative approaches and may be sick-listed for long periods. The purpose of the current study is to compare the effectiveness of neck- specific training versus prescribed physical activity. Methods/Design: The current protocol is a two armed intervention randomised clinical trial comparing the outcomes of patients receiving neck specific training or prescribed physical activity. A total of 144 patients with cervical radiculopathy will be randomly allocated to either of the two interventions. The interventions will be delivered by experienced physiotherapists and last 14 weeks. The primary outcome variable is neck- and arm pain intensity measured with a Visual Analogue Scale accompanied with secondary outcome measures of impairments and subjective health measurements collected before intervention and at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months after base-line assessment. Discussion: We anticipate that the results of this study will provide evidence to support recommendations as to the effectiveness of conservative interventions for patients with cervical radiculopathy.
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41.
  • Ehinger, Magnus, et al. (author)
  • Influence of CD4 or CD8 deficiency on collagen-induced arthritis
  • 2001
  • In: Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0019-2805 .- 1365-2567. ; 103:3, s. 291-300
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The role of T cells in the mouse collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model for rheumatoid arthritis is not clarified, and different results have been reported concerning the role of CD4 and CD8 T cells. To address this issue, we have investigated B10.Q mice deficient for CD4 or CD8. The mice lacking CD4 were found to be less susceptible to disease, but not completely resistant, whereas the CD8 deficiency had no significant impact on the disease. No difference in the development of late occurring relapses was noted. Interestingly, the CD4-deficient mice had a severely reduced response to the glycosylated form of the immunodominant type II collagen (CII) 256–270 peptide whereas the response to the non-glycosylated peptide was not significantly different. Furthermore, CD4-deficient mice had lower antibody responses to CII, explaining the lower disease susceptibility. In comparison with previously reported results, it is apparent that the lack of CD4 molecules has a different impact on CIA if present on different genetic backgrounds, findings that could possibly be related to the occurrence of different disease pathways of CIA in different mouse strains.
  •  
42.
  • Emanuelsson, Ida, et al. (author)
  • Expression and regulation of CYP17A1 and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase in cells of the nervous system : potential effects of vitamin D on brain steroidogenesis
  • 2018
  • In: Neurochemistry International. - : Elsevier BV. - 0197-0186 .- 1872-9754. ; 113, s. 46-55
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Steroids are reported to have diverse functions in the nervous system. Enzymatic production of steroid hormones has been reported in different cell types, including astrocytes and neurons. However, the information on some of the steroidogenic enzymes involved is insufficient in many respects. Contradictory results have been reported concerning the relative importance of different cell types in the nervous system for expression of CYP17A1 and 3b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3b-HSD). 3b-HSD is important in all basic steroidogenic pathways and CYP17A1 is required to form sex hormones. In the current investigation we studied the expression of these enzymes in cultured primary rat astrocytes, in neuron-enriched cells from rat cerebral cortex and in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells, a cell line often used as an in vitro model of neuronal function and differentiation. As part of this study we also examined potential effects on CYP17A1 and 3b-HSD by vitamin D, a compound previously shown to have regulatory effects in steroid hormone-producing cells outside the brain. The results of our study indicate that astrocytes are a major site for expression of 3b-HSD whereas expression of CYP17A1 is found in both astrocytes and neurons. The current data suggest that neurons, contrary to some previous reports, are not involved in 3b-HSD reactions. Previous studies have shown that vitamin D can influence gene expression and hormone production by steroidogenic enzymes in some cells. We found that vitamin D suppressed CYP17A1-mediated activity by 20% in SH-SY5Ycells and astrocytes. Suppression of CYP17A1 mRNA levels was considerably stronger, about 50% in SH-SY5Y cells and 75% in astrocytes. In astrocytes 3b-HSD was also suppressed by vitamin D, about 20% at the enzyme activity level and 60% at the mRNA level. These data suggest that vitamin D-mediated regulation of CYP17A1 and 3b-HSD, particularly on the transcriptional level, may play a role in the nervous system.
  •  
43.
  • Eneroth, Åsa, et al. (author)
  • Contamination of pasteurised milk by Bacillus cereus in the filling machine
  • 2001
  • In: Journal of Dairy Research. - 0022-0299. ; 68:2, s. 189-196
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The contamination of pasteurized milk by Bacillus cereus during the ®lling process was studied in two dairy plants. Samples of pasteurized milk were taken at four different sites along the production line. The samples were stored at 7 °C for 7 d, or at 10 °C for 5 d, before plate counting and random selection of B. cereus isolates. Isolates of B. cereus were typed by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method randomly ampli®ed polymorphic DNA (RAPD). Samples taken at three different sites between the pasteurizer and the ®lling machine were all holding similar low concentrations of B. cereus, while an increase of the B. cereus count was seen in the consumer packages. More B. cereus of different RAPD types was growing in the consumer packages than in samples taken just before the ®lling machine. Several RAPD types found in the consumer packages were not detected in the samples taken just before the ®lling machine.
  •  
44.
  • Engberg, Andreas, et al. (author)
  • Midsommarkransen : LM-staden - en modern bruksort
  • 2018
  • Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Denna publikation är ett resultat av läsåret 2017-2018 i kursen Restaureringskonst vid Kungl. Konsthögskolan, arkitekturavdelningen. Årets tema var bostadsarkitektur. Förvalta, förädla, förvanska? Under läsåret undersöktes bostadsarkitekturen som kulturarv, hur bostadshus och bostadsområden förvaltas, förädlas alternativt förvanskas genom restaureringsåtgärder, förtätningar och omvandlingar. II läsårets projektstudie ingick fem bostadsområden i södra Stockholm, utvalda för att representera varsin epok i 1900-talets bostadsutveckling. En projektgrupp för varje bostadsområde gjorde studier i olika skalor, från den utvalda lägenhetens detaljer, trapphuset och bostadshuset, gården och gatan till stadsdelsnivån.
  •  
45.
  • Eriksson, Åsa, 1964- (author)
  • Recruitment and distribution patterns of plants in Swedish semi-natural grasslands
  • 1999
  • Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Semi-natural pastures with different histories of management are nowadays the main remnants of the traditional agrarian landscape in southern Sweden. The aims of this thesis were to investigate the importance of features of the present-day landscape and its management history for species distribution and abundance patterns in Swedish semi-natural pastures, with a particular focus on factors affecting recruitment processes. Seedling recruitment in these semi-natural pastures was enhanced by disturbances, with the largest advantage for small-seeded species. The majority of species in semi-natural pastures have small seeds that germinate in the autumn. Seedlings seem to recruit mainly from the local species-pool, with 83 % of the recruited species found in the vegetation, whereas 44 % of the recruited species were found in the seed bank. Plant species diversity and distribution patterns are influenced by management history. In the study of distribution patterns of Thymus serpyllum I found that T. serpyllum populations were associated with Iron Age remnants, indicating that T. serpyllum is dependent on human activities, both for dispersal and for the maintenance of established populations. The highest species diversity was found in pastures with a long continuous management regime, whereas no significant species-area relationship could be detected in the present-day landscape. The highest arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization was also found in pastures with a long continuous management regime. The explanation for this patterns is probably that long continuous management is associated with an increasing likelihood of successful dispersal of plant species as well as of fungal species. Thus, historical distribution of pasture areas and their management history may be more important than the present-day distribution. The effects of the dramatic changes of the cultural landscape during this century, with fragmentation of the landscape and changing management, will work on other time scales. The fact that most species in semi-natural pastures are long-lived perennial species, implies that changes in species composition will be slow. Plantago media was found to have an overall negative population growth rate and a restricted dispersal ability, and this may be viewed as a first step towards visible changes. Dispersal limitation seems to be important in the present-day landscape, with T. serpyllum and P. media as examples of both local and regional dispersal limitation. The lack of area-relationship may also be an effect of "self-similarity" of grasslands. Indeed, I found that the majority of species (61%) in Swedish semi-natural pastures were recorded at the smallest spatial scale (0.01m2), and that the area sampled at this scale comprised only 1.25 % of the area examined. This indicates a small-scale structuring of diversity in these pastures.
  •  
46.
  • Exploiting the limits of law : Swedish feminism and the challenge to pessimism
  • 2007
  • Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
    • Moving beyond the question of whether an area of scholarly investigation can truly be characterized as 'legal', Exploiting the Limits of Law combats the often unhelpful constraints of law's subject-matter and formal processes. Through a process of reflection on the limits of law and repeated efforts to redraw them, this book challenges the general sense of pessimism among feminists and others about the usefulness of law as an instrument of change. The work combines theoretical analysis of the law's boundaries with investigation of the practical settings for changing legal and policy environments. Both the empirical focus of this volume, and its underlying theoretical concern with the limits of the law and its gender implications, render it of interest to legal scholars throughout the world, whether of EU law, feminism, social policy or philosophy.
  •  
47.
  •  
48.
  • Fernell, Elisabeth, 1948, et al. (author)
  • Developmental profiles in preschool children with autism spectrum disorders referred for intervention.
  • 2010
  • In: Research in Developmental Disabilities. - : Elsevier BV. - 0891-4222 .- 1873-3379. ; 31:3, s. 790-799
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The aim was to characterize the panorama of developmental disorders in 208 preschool children with a clinical diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), referred to a specialized centre, the Autism Centre for Young Children (ACYC), for intervention. At the centre, a research team examined all children according to structured protocols and interviews. All available test data from their assessments prior to referral were scrutinized. The boy:girl ratio was 5.5:1. In 22% of the total group a period of regression, including speech and language, had occurred. Epilepsy had been diagnosed in 6% of the children. In 38% of the children there was a definite or highly suspected learning disability/mental retardation according to cognitive test results. About the same proportion had a developmental delay that at the time of assessment could not be definitely classified and in 23% there were clear indications of a normal intellectual function. About 40% of the group exhibited hyperactivity. Differences in expressive vocabulary and adaptive functioning were strongly related to cognitive level. About 20% of the group had AD as the dominating developmental disorder, i.e., they represented a clinical picture of "classic" autism. The majority in this group also had learning disability. Another 20%, had ASD combined with a normal intellectual level, some of these conformed to the clinical picture of Asperger syndrome. In a relatively large group (more than half) learning disability or a general developmental delay was as evident as the ASD. In a smaller group (8%) ASD criteria were questionably met. In this group attention deficits in connection with speech and language problems were prominent. The highly individual developmental profiles seen in children with ASDs have to be taken into account when planning intervention and follow-up. The children's medical characteristics also vary considerably and will be detailed in a further report.
  •  
49.
  • Finsterle, S., et al. (author)
  • Conceptual uncertainties in modelling the interaction between engineered and natural barriers of nuclear waste repositories in crystalline rocks
  • 2019
  • In: Geological Society Special Publication. - 0305-8719. ; 482:1, s. 261-283
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Nuclear waste disposal in geological formations relies on a multi-barrier concept that includes engineered components – which, in many cases, include a bentonite buffer surrounding waste packages – and the host rock. Contrasts in materials, together with gradients across the interface between the engineered and natural barriers, lead to complex interactions between these two subsystems. Numerical modelling, combined with monitoring and testing data, can be used to improve our overall understanding of rock–bentonite interactions and to predict the performance of this coupled system. Although established methods exist to examine the prediction uncertainties due to uncertainties in the input parameters, the impact of conceptual model decisions on the quantitative and qualitative modelling results is more difficult to assess. A Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company Task Force project facilitated such an assessment. In this project, 11 teams used different conceptualizations and modelling tools to analyse the Bentonite Rock Interaction Experiment (BRIE) conducted at the Äspö Hard Rock Laboratory in Sweden. The exercise showed that prior system understanding along with the features implemented in the available simulators affect the processes included in the conceptual model. For some of these features, sufficient characterization data are available to obtain defensible results and interpretations, whereas others are less supported. The exercise also helped to identify the conceptual uncertainties that led to different assessments of the relative importance of the engineered and natural barrier subsystems. The range of predicted bentonite wetting times encompassed by the ensemble results were considerably larger than the ranges derived from individual models. This is a consequence of conceptual uncertainties, demonstrating the relevance of using a multi-model approach involving alternative conceptualizations.
  •  
50.
  • Franck, M, et al. (author)
  • Effect of stunning conditions on occurence of PSE defects in hams of rn+/RN- pigs
  • 2003
  • In: Meat Science. - 1873-4138. ; 64:4, s. 351-355
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Pigs of the same genetic type at the RN and HAL loci, i.e. rn(+) RN-/NN were reared in similar conditions of feeding and housing. They were slaughtered in two abattoirs (referred to as A1 and A2) using a mixture of air (30%) and CO2 (70%), at a rate of 300 pigs per hour per slaughterline. One hundred and thirty-two pigs from I I farms were slaughtered in A I using a corusinga restrainer and 127 pigs from 5 farms were slaughtered in A2 with the backloading technique. pH at 40 min, 2.5 h and 24 h after slaughter and colour (L*, a*, b*) at 24 h after slaughter were measured in the semimembranosus muscle. Meat quality of the ham was scored as follows: 1, no PSE-zone; 2, doubtful; 3, PSE-zones in the semimembranosus and sometimes on the internal flexor muscles; 4, PSE-zones in all the flexor muscles. The muscle pH value was higher in A2 than in A I at 40 min post mortem (P < 0.01), but not at 2.5 and 24 h. L* (P < 0.001) and b* (P < 0.05) were higher in A 1 than in A2. There was a remarkable difference in meat quality scores, with 50% of the hams scoring 3 or 4 in A1, vs 13% in A2. Lairage time before slaughter affected (P < 0.01) the pH value at 2.5 h (5.69 vs 5.93). The values of pH1 and pH2.5 decreased with increasing the meat quality score. The values of L* and b* increased markedly with the score. The results of the present study indicate that the method of bringing the slaughter pigs to the stunning device affects the frequency and importance of PSE meat in the ham. The automated driving of groups of animals to the stunning machine combined with the backloading of a nacelle, compared to a traditional system driving pigs in single file using electrical goads and a restrainer was beneficial with respect to both meat quality and animal welfare. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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