| 1. |
- Eriksson, Jan W., et al.
(författare)
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Hydrochlorothiazide, but not Candesartan, aggravates insulin resistance and causes visceral and hepatic fat accumulation : the mechanisms for the diabetes preventing effect of Candesartan (MEDICA) Study
- 2008
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Ingår i: Hypertension. - : American Heart Association. - 0194-911X .- 1524-4563. ; 52:6, s. 1030-1037
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Treatment with angiotensin II receptor blockers is associated with lower risk for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus compared with thiazide diuretics. The Mechanisms for the Diabetes Preventing Effect of Candesartan Study addressed insulin action and secretion and body fat distribution after treatment with candesartan, hydrochlorothiazide, and placebo. Twenty-six nondiabetic, abdominally obese, hypertensive patients were included in a multicenter 3-way crossover trial, and 22 completers (by predefined criteria; 10 men and 12 women) were included in the analyses. They underwent 12-week treatment periods with candesartan (C; 16 to 32 mg), hydrochlorothiazide (H; 25 to 50 mg), and placebo (P), respectively, and the treatment order was randomly assigned and double blinded. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests and euglycemic hyperinsulinemic (56 mU/m(2) per minute) clamps were performed. Intrahepatic and intramyocellular and extramyocellular lipid content and subcutaneous and visceral abdominal adipose tissue were measured using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy and MRI. Insulin sensitivity (M-value) was reduced following H versus C and P (6.07+/-2.05, 6.63+/-2.04, and 6.90+/-2.10 mg/kg of body weight per minute, mean+/-SD; P
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| 2. |
- Aasa, Mikael, et al.
(författare)
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Cost and health outcome of primary percutaneous coronary intervention versus thrombolysis in acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction-Results of the Swedish Early Decision reperfusion Study (SWEDES) trial.
- 2010
-
Ingår i: American heart journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 1097-6744 .- 0002-8703. ; 160:2, s. 322-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: In ST-elevation myocardial infarction, primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has a superior clinical outcome, but it may increase costs in comparison to thrombolysis. The aim of the study was to compare costs, clinical outcome, and quality-adjusted survival between primary PCI and thrombolysis. METHODS: Patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction were randomized to primary PCI with adjunctive enoxaparin and abciximab (n = 101), or to enoxaparin followed by reteplase (n = 104). Data on the use of health care resources, work loss, and health-related quality of life were collected during a 1-year period. Cost-effectiveness was determined by comparing costs and quality-adjusted survival. The joint distribution of incremental costs and quality-adjusted survival was analyzed using a nonparametric bootstrap approach. RESULTS: Clinical outcome did not differ significantly between the groups. Compared with the group treated with thrombolysis, the cost of interventions was higher in the PCI-treated group ($4,602 vs $3,807; P = .047), as well as the cost of drugs ($1,309 vs $1,202; P = .001), whereas the cost of hospitalization was lower ($7,344 vs $9,278; P = .025). The cost of investigations, outpatient care, and loss of production did not differ significantly between the 2 treatment arms. Total cost and quality-adjusted survival were $25,315 and 0.759 vs $27,819 and 0.728 (both not significant) for the primary PCI and thrombolysis groups, respectively. Based on the 1-year follow-up, bootstrap analysis revealed that in 80%, 88%, and 89% of the replications, the cost per health outcome gained for PCI will be <$0, $50,000, and $100,000 respectively. CONCLUSION: In a 1-year perspective, there was a tendency toward lower costs and better health outcome after primary PCI, resulting in costs for PCI in comparison to thrombolysis that will be below the conventional threshold for cost-effectiveness in 88% of bootstrap replications.
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| 3. |
- Holmer, Helene, et al.
(författare)
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Nonfatal stroke, cardiac disease, and diabetes mellitus in hypopituitary patients on hormone replacement including growth hormone
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 92:9, s. 3560-3567
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Context: The impact of long-term GH replacement on cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus in hypopituitary patients is unknown. Objective: The incidence of nonfatal stroke and cardiac events, and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2D) and cardioprotective medication were compared between cohorts of GH-deficient (GHD) patients and population controls. Design and Participants: The incidence of nonfatal stroke and cardiac events was estimated retrospectively from questionnaires in 750 GHD patients and 2314 matched population controls. A prevalence of T2D and cardioprotective medication was recorded at the distribution of questionnaires. Time since first pituitary deficiency to start of GH therapy was 4 and 2 yr, and time on GH therapy was 6 yr for GHD women and men, respectively. Results: Lifelong incidence of nonfatal stroke was tripled in GHD women and doubled in GHD men, but a decline was seen in both genders during periods after first pituitary hormone deficiency and GHD, during which most patients had GH therapy. The lifelong incidence of nonfatal cardiac events declined in GHD men during first pituitary hormone deficiency and GHD periods. GHD women had a higher prevalence of T2D and lipid-lowering medication, whereas GHD men had a higher prevalence of antihypertensive medication. Conclusions: The declined risks of nonfatal stroke in both genders and of nonfatal cardiac events in GHD men during periods on GH replacement may be caused by prescription of cardioprotective drugs and 6-yr GH replacement. GHD women had an increased prevalence of T2D, partly attributed to higher body mass index and lower physical activity.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Jeppson, Kjell, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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A New Master's Program in Integrated Electronic System Design
- 2008
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Ingår i: European Workshop on Microelectronics Education. ; EWME 2008:Budapest
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present the formation of a new Master’s program in Integrated Electronic System Design (IESD). The main ideas behind the program are; 1) Two parallel introductory courses in the first study quarter: One rather practical top-down VHDL-oriented course, and one more theoretical bottom-up silicon-oriented digital VLSI design course. 2) A new broad course focusing on design methodologies from Electronic System Level (ESL) to VLSI, with hands-on emphasis on ASIC backend methodologies. 3) A large project during the first year spring semester in which the knowledge gained during the fall is utilized in design and verification using several complementing technology platforms. 4) Re-use of existing advanced specialist courses (formal methods, computer architecture, and analog VLSI design).
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| 6. |
- Niklasson, Annika, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Air Pollutant Concentrations and Atmospheric Corrosion of Organ Pipes in European Church Environments
- 2008
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Ingår i: Studies in Conservation. - 0039-3630 .- 2047-0584. ; 53:1, s. 24-40
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract: The atmospheric environment inside and outside historical organs in several European regions is reported. In each region, comparisons were made between an instrument suffering organ pipe corrosion and an organ without corrosion problems. Concentrations of acetic acid (ethanoic acid), formic acid (methanoic acid), acetaldehyde (ethanal), formaldehyde (methanal) and other volatile organic compounds in the organ environment were determined using active sampling. Temperature and relative humidity were recorded. In addition, polished metal samples that mimic the material used in the historical organ pipes have been exposed in the organ wind systems for up to 22 months. High concentrations of acetic acid and formic acid vapours are present in the wind system of the corroded organs. Acetaldehyde and formaldehyde are also present in smaller amounts. The main source of acetic acid is the wood from which the wind system is built. In contrast, formic acid is generated in the chruch environment outside the wind system. The results show that the two organic acids play an important role in the atmospheric corrosion of organ pipes. It is suggested that the corrosion of lead pipes in historical organs can be effectively reduced by removing the sources of gaseous acetic acid and formic acid in the wind system and in the chruch environment.
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| 7. |
- Szczerba, Krzysztof, 1985, et al.
(författare)
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Impact of Forward Error Correction on Energy Consumption of VCSEL-based Transmitters
- 2015
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Ingår i: 41st European Conference on Optical Communication, ECOC 2015, Valencia, Spain, 27 September - 1 October 2015. - 9788460817413 ; 2015-November
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present an analysis of the effect of FEC on energy consumption of VCSEL based transmitters for short-range optical links. We show that a low-complexity FEC can reduce the overall energy consumption of the transmitter.
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| 8. |
- Andersson, Daniel, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Accounting for the Skin Effect during Repeater Insertion
- 2005
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Ingår i: 2005 ACM Great Lakessymposium on VLSI, GLSVLSI'05; Chicago, IL; United States; 17 April 2005 through 19 April 2005. - New York, NY, USA : ACM. ; , s. 32-37
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Since the skin effect will increase the propagation delay in an interconnect, it will also affect how to optimally select the number and size of the buffers. Failing to include the skin effect during buffer design may result in as much as 35% extra delay compared to the optimal repeater chain. We present a new method with closed-form expressions for repeater insertion where we take into account the skin effect and also the relationship between interconnect resistance, capacitance and inductance that are determined from the geometrical parameters. We also investigate the skin-effect influence on power dissipation for an optimally designed repeater chain, and find that the increase is at most 10% of the dynamic power dissipation.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Andersson, Daniel, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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On Skin Effect in On-Chip Interconnects
- 2004
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Ingår i: Intl Workshop on Power and Timing Modeling, Optimization and Simulation (PATMOS). - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. ; , s. 463-470
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate the influence of skin effect on the propagation delays of on-chip interconnects. For long wires, designed in the LC regime, on the top metal layer in a contemporary process, we find that the skin effect causes an extra delay by 10%. The impact of the skin effect on delay is furthermore rapidly increasing with increased interconnect width.
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| 14. |
- Andersson, Daniel, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Supply Voltage Drop Study Considering On-Chip Self Inductance of a 32-bit Processor's Power Grid
- 2009
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Ingår i: 2009 IEEE Workshop on Signal Propagation on Interconnects, SPI '09; Strasbourg; France; 12 May 2009 through 15 May 2009. - 9781424444892
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Conventional IR drop analysis suggests that on-chip inductive effects can be neglected when estimating supply voltage drops. We present a supply voltage drop analysis for a commercial 32-bit application processor. Our power grid model uses a backbone RL extracted netlist of the processor's power grid, complemented with capacitances from the processor design and a current signature defined by the worst-case switching test vector, located in the power-up sequence of the processor. Our circuit simulations show that on-chip self inductance makes the actual supply voltage drop deviate by more than 55% and 25% from the ∼6% and ∼8% drop, respectively, of nominal supply voltage that a conventional IR power grid model yields.
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| 15. |
- Andersson, Daniel, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Time-Domain Interconnect Characterisation Flow for Appropriate Model Segmentation
- 2008
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Ingår i: IET Computers & Digital Techniques. ; 2:4, s. 265-274
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The authors present a new method to find low-complexity time-domain interconnect models that obey a certain specified accuracy in relation to the true waveform. The method rests on an characterisation flow that considers the whole interconnect environment, including driver and receiver. Furthermore, as output the method defines simple rules for appropriate model segment type, RC or RLC and minimal number of model segments. The authors show the application of the method by deriving segment-selection rules for one case, using a particular interconnect, driver, receiver and discrepancy constraint on model against true waveform. In a comparison with a reduced-order modelling technique, the models obtained from the method show good correlation to Lanczos-process-based Krylov subspaces.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Athas, William, et al.
(författare)
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Highly efficient, complementary, resonant pulse generation
- 1996
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Patent (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A power source, inductor and clamping device coupled to generate substantially sinusoidal drive pulses. The power source has an output capacitance. The inductor is connected to the power source and to the load to be driven. In combination with the inductor, the output capacitance of the power source and the input capacitance of the load to be driven create a resonant circuit which generates a stream of substantially sinusoidal pulses. A clamping device is connected to the inductor and prevents the stream of pulses which are driving the load from exceeding a clamping level. In one preferred embodiment, a complementary set of clamping devices and inductors are used to generate a complementary set of pulse streams.
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| 18. |
- Björk, Magnus, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Exposed Datapath for Efficient Computing
- 2006
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- We introduce FlexCore, which is the first exemplar of a processor based on the FlexSoC processor paradigm. TheFlexCore utilizes an exposed datapath for increased performance. Microbenchmarks yield a performance boost of a factor of two over a traditional five-stage pipeline with the same functional units as the FlexCore.We describe our approach to compiling for the FlexCore.A flexible interconnect allows the FlexCore datapath to bedynamically reconfigured as a consequence of code generation. Additionally, specialized functional units may be introduced and utilized within the same architecture and compilation framework. The exposed datapath requires a wide control word. The conducted evaluation of two micro benchmarks confirms that this increases the instruction bandwidth and memory footprint. This calls for an efficient instruction decoding as proposed in the FlexSoC paradigm.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Bondeson, Lisa, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical outcomes in cancer patients with COVID-19 in Sweden.
- 2021
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Ingår i: Acta oncologica (Stockholm, Sweden). - 1651-226X. ; 60:12, s. 1572-1579
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The results of studies on the relationship between cancer and COVID-19 have been conflicting and therefore further studies are needed. We aimed to examine the incidence of COVID-19 among patients at one of the largest oncology departments in Sweden, and to evaluate and identify risk factors for poor outcomes, hospital care and death, associated with COVID-19 among cancer patients.This retrospective study included cancer patients at a single center who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR either in hospital, primary health care center or commercial laboratory between 1 March and 14 August 2020. Clinical and demographic data were collected from the medical records. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify variables that associated the primary outcomes of need for hospital care and death within 30days of positive test.Of 10,774 patients from the Department of Oncology at Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 135 tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 (1.3%). Twenty-eight patients were excluded from further the data collection since they did not meet the inclusion criteria. Altogether, 107 cancer patients were included and the case fatality rate (CFR) was 12% (13) within 30days of confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection by PCR. Increasing years of age (OR 1.10; CI 95% 1.03-1.18), palliative treatment intent (OR 15.7; CI 95% 1.8-135.8), and transition to end-of-life care (OR 52.0; CI 95% 3.7-735.6) were associated with increased odds of death within 30days. Male sex was associated with needing hospital care (OR 3.7; CI 95% 1.50-9.1).As in the general population, male sex was found to be at greater risk of needing hospital care for COVID-19, with terminal cancer disease, and older age increasing the odds of fatality. Compared to the general population, slightly more cancer patients had COVID-19. The CFR was within the lower range of others reported in cancer patients.
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| 21. |
- Burza, Maria Antonella, 1980, et al.
(författare)
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Long-Term Effect of Bariatric Surgery on Liver Enzymes in the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) Study
- 2013
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Ingår i: Plos One. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 8:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background and Aim: Obesity is associated with elevated serum transaminase levels and non- Methods: The Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study is a prospective controlled intervention study Results: Compared to usual care, bariatric surgery was associated with lower serum ALT and AST levels Conclusions: Bariatric surgery results in a sustained reduction in transaminase levels and a long-term
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| 22. |
- Dam, H., et al.
(författare)
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Design of minimum-phase digital filters as the sum of two allpass functions using the cepstrum technique
- 2003
-
Ingår i: IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing. - 1941-0476 .- 1053-587X. ; 51:3, s. 726-731
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A new and practical approach using the cepstrum technique is proposed in the design of minimum-phase digital filters as the sum of two allpass functions. The desired magnitude response is specified in the frequency domain. Its corresponding minimum-phase response is then obtained from the desired magnitude response. The desired phases for the two allpass filters are obtained from the magnitude and phase responses. For both filters to be stable. the corresponding denominator polynomials are minimum phase. The filter coefficients are obtained from the desired phases using the cepstrum technique. Design examples show that the method works well for both classical filter specification and general magnitude specification in the frequency domain.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Eckerbert, Daniel, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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A Mixed-Mode Delay-Locked Loop Architecture
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Computer Design (ICCD), San Jose, 13-15 October 2003. - 1063-6404. - 0769520251 ; , s. 261-263
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a mixed-mode delay-locked loop (DLL) architecture intended for multiple-phase clock generation. In contrast to analog DLLs, the proposed architecture allows for clock-gating; moreover circuit simulations indicate that its performance (in terms of maximum frequency, frequency range, and low-speed power dissipation) is superior to that of a previously-reported, purely digital DLL.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Fougstedt, Christoffer, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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ASIC Implementation of Time-Domain Digital Back Propagation for Coherent Receivers
- 2018
-
Ingår i: IEEE Photonics Technology Letters. - 1041-1135 .- 1941-0174. ; 30:13, s. 1179-1182
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Digital back propagation (DBP) is often proposed and implemented offline for the mitigation of nonlinear impairments in long-haul fiber communications. However, complexity in terms of chip area and power consumption in a realistic application-specific integrated circuit implementation is yet to be determined. Here, we implement time-domain DBP (TD-DBP) in a 28-nm fully-depleted silicon-on-insulator process technology, considering digital implementation aspects such as limited-resolution arithmetic and finite-length filters. We choose as example a coherent optical transmission system, viz. a single-channel, single-polarization, and 20-GBd 16-QAM system, for which the DBP is known to perform well. For the considered system, we find that the TD-DBP can enable a reach increase from 3400 to 5300 km, at a power dissipation of <20 W (or, conversely, an energy dissipation of <230 pJ/bit), at a pre-FEC BER of 10-2.
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Fougstedt, Christoffer, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic Equalizer Power Dissipation Optimization
- 2016
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Ingår i: 2016 Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition. - 9781943580071
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigate power dissipation/performance trade-off in a 28nm ASIC implementation of a parallel dynamic equalizer. Over 50% dissipation improvement is possible by sample pruning during filter updates, with only minor tracking-performance reduction.
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Fougstedt, Christoffer, 1990, et al.
(författare)
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Time-Domain Digital Back Propagation: Algorithm and Finite-Precision Implementation Aspects
- 2017
-
Ingår i: Optics InfoBase Conference Papers. - 2162-2701. - 9781943580231 ; , s. Article no 7937325-
-
Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We propose a nonlinear mitigation algorithm designed from an ASIC perspective, and analyze implementation aspects. Given 9 signal and 11 coefficient bits, reach is increased by 105% compared to linear compensation in single-channel 16-QAM transmission.
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| 31. |
- Franco Ramos, Celina, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Growth hormone reduces inflammation in postmenopausal women with abdominal obesity: a 12-month, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
- 2007
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Ingår i: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 92:7, s. 2644-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT: Abdominal obesity is associated with low GH secretion, elevated circulating markers of inflammation, and increased risk of cardiovascular disease. OBJECTIVE: The objective was to study the effect of GH treatment on inflammatory markers and vascular adhesion molecules in postmenopausal women with abdominal obesity. DESIGN: Forty women aged 51-63 yr received GH (0.67 mg/d) in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 12-month trial. Measurements of inflammatory markers [highly sensitive C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, and amyloid polypeptideA] and markers of endothelial dysfunction (soluble E-selectin, vascular adhesion molecule-1, intercellular molecule-1, and matrix metalloproteinase-9) were performed at baseline and after 6 and 12 months of treatment. RESULTS: After 12 months, the mean IGF sd score was 0.9 +/- 1.5 and -0.8 +/- 0.6 in the GH and placebo groups, respectively. GH treatment reduced CRP and IL-6 levels compared with placebo (P = 0.03 and P = 0.05, respectively), whereas the markers of endothelial dysfunction were unaffected. Within the GH-treated group, a reduction was shown in CRP (4.3 +/- 4 to 3.0 +/- 3 mg/liter; P < 0.05) and in IL-6 (4.4 +/- 2 to 3.3 +/- 2 ng/liter; P < 0.01). In the GH-treated group, the decrease in CRP and IL-6 correlated with a reduction in visceral adipose tissue (r = 0.7, P < 0.001 and r = 0.5, P < 0.05, respectively). CONCLUSION: GH treatment in postmenopausal women with abdominal obesity reduced serum markers of systemic inflammation. Circulating markers of endothelial dysfunction were unaffected by treatment.
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| 32. |
- Franco Ramos, Celina, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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The reduction in visceral fat mass in response to growth hormone is more marked in men than in oestrogen-deficient women.
- 2009
-
Ingår i: Growth hormone & IGF research : official journal of the Growth Hormone Research Society and the International IGF Research Society. - : Elsevier BV. - 1096-6374. ; 19:2, s. 112-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT: Women with severe growth hormone (GH) deficiency have a less marked response to GH replacement than men. This has mostly been attributed to the attenuating effects of oestrogen replacement therapy. OBJECTIVE: To study gender related differences in the response to GH treatment in men and postmenopausal women. METHODS: Fifteen men and 15 age- and BMI-matched women with abdominal obesity (mean age: 58; range 51-64 years) were treated for one year with similar doses (0.47 vs. 0.51mg/day) of GH. All women were postmenopausal not receiving oestrogen treatment. Insulin sensitivity was assessed using a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp and body composition by computed tomography (CT) scans and from total body potassium, K(40). RESULTS: Men and women were comparable at baseline in terms of waist circumference, IGF-1 and lipid levels. After one year of GH treatment, there was a 18% reduction in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in men and a 5% reduction in women (P=0.0001 men vs. women). Although the magnitude of the difference was small, men increased more in thigh muscle mass (P<0.0001 vs. women). A reduction in thigh intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) and diastolic blood pressure was seen only in men (both p<0.05 vs. baseline). A decrease in LDL cholesterol, and an increase in serum insulin, was observed only in women (both p<0.05 vs. baseline). CONCLUSION: Low dose GH treatment reduced VAT more markedly in men as compared with women. As all women were postmenopausal and oestrogen-deficient, this gender difference in responsiveness was not due to an antagonistic effect of oestrogen on peripheral GH action.
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| 33. |
- Franco Ramos, Celina, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Thigh intermuscular fat is inversely associated with spontaneous GH release in post-menopausal women with abdominal obesity.
- 2006
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Ingår i: European journal of endocrinology / European Federation of Endocrine Societies. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0804-4643. ; 155:2, s. 261-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- CONTEXT: The metabolic syndrome is characterized by an increased accumulation of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and blunted GH secretion. There are, however, no data on the association between GH secretion and other fat depots (in liver and muscle). OBJECTIVE/DESIGN: The aim of this cross-sectional study, which included 20 post-menopausal women with abdominal obesity, was to determine the association between GH secretion and regional adipose tissue (AT) distribution. Twelve-hour GH profiles (2000-0800 h) were performed by blood sampling every 20 min. GH was analyzed using an ultra-sensitive assay followed by approximate entropy (ApEn) and deconvolution analysis. RESULTS: In simple regression analyses, both basal and pulsatile GH secretions correlated negatively with VAT and thigh intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT), but not with hepatic fat content. There was no correlation between ApEn and the AT depots studied. In multiple regression analysis, pulsatile GH secretion correlated inversely with thigh IMAT (B-coefficient=-0.67; P<0.01), whereas the correlation with VAT became non-significant. Furthermore, in multiple regression analysis, basal GH secretion correlated negatively with VAT (B-coefficient=-0.77; P=0.001), but not significantly with thigh IMAT. CONCLUSION: In post-menopausal women with abdominal obesity, pulsatile GH secretion demonstrated an independent, negative association with thigh IMAT, whereas basal GH secretion showed an independent, negative association with VAT. These findings suggest that the neuroendocrine association between fat mass and somatotropic axis is depot-dependent. We have identified thigh IMAT to be important in this interplay.
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| 34. |
- Giannakopoulos, Stavros, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Scalable, Modular Feed-Forward Equalizer for Baseband Applications
- 2022
-
Ingår i: 2022 17th European Microwave Integrated Circuits Conference, EuMIC 2022. ; , s. 280-283
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper presents a modular and scalable fully differential Feed-Forward Equalizer topology suitable for baseband applications. The proposed equalizer topology utilizes Gilbert cell amplifiers as variable gain elements and follows a modular implementation with reuse of identical gain cells. A proof of concept one-tap Feed-Forward Equalizer is designed, characterized in frequency and time domain measurements. The equalizer exhibits a measured single-ended peaking gain control of up to 27 dB at 50 GHz. The equalizer MMIC consumes 370 mW from a -3.3 V supply, measures 0.94\mathrmx0.76mm2, and it was designed in Infineon's 130 nm SiGe BiCMOS process with an f_t of 250 GHz and an f_max of 370 GHz.
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| 35. |
- Glad, Camilla A M, 1981, et al.
(författare)
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The GH receptor exon 3 deleted/full-length polymorphism is associated with central adiposity in the general population.
- 2015
-
Ingår i: European journal of endocrinology / European Federation of Endocrine Societies. - 1479-683X .- 0804-4643. ; 172:2, s. 123-128
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To test the hypothesis that the growth hormone (GH) receptor (GHR) d3/fl polymorphism influences anthropometry and body composition in the general population. Design and Setting: The Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) reference study is a cross-sectional population-based study, randomly selected from a population registry. A sub-group of the population-based Malmö Diet and Cancer Study (MDC-CC) was used as a replication cohort. Methods: The SOS reference study comprises 1135 subjects (46.2% men), with an average age of 49.5 yrs. The MDC-CC includes 5451 successfully genotyped subjects (41.5% men), with an average age of 57.5 yrs. GHR d3/fl genotypes were determined using tagSNP rs6873545. Linear regression analyses were used to test for genotype - phenotype associations. Results: In the SOS reference study, subjects homozygous for the d3-GHR weighed approximately four kilos more (p=0.011), had larger waist-to-hip ratio (WHR, p=0.036), waist circumference (p=0.016) and more fat free mass estimated from total body potassium (TBK, p=0.026) than grouped fl/d3 and fl/fl subjects (d3-recessive genetic model). The association with WHR was replicated in the MDC-CC (p=0.002), but not those with other anthropometric traits. Conclusions: In this population-based study the GHR d3/fl polymorphism was found to be of functional relevance and associated with central adiposity, such that subjects homozygous for the d3-GHR showed an increased abdominal obesity.
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| 36. |
- Gustavsson, Ulf, 1975, et al.
(författare)
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On the Impact of Hardware Impairments on Massive MIMO
- 2014
-
Ingår i: IEEE Globecom 2014 Workshop - Massive MIMO: From Theory to Practice, 2014-12-08, Austin, Texas, USA. - 9781479974702 ; , s. 294-300
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Massive multi-user (MU) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems are one possible key technology for next generation wireless communication systems. Claims have been made that massive MU-MIMO will increase both the radiated energy efficiency as well as the sum-rate capacity by orders of magnitude, because of the high transmit directivity. However, due to the very large number of transceivers needed at each base-station (BS), a successful implementation of massive MU-MIMO will be contingent on of the availability of very cheap, compact and power-efficient radio and digital-processing hardware. This may in turn impair the quality of the modulated radio frequency (RF) signal due to an increased amount of power-amplifier distortion, phase-noise, and quantization noise. In this paper, we examine the effects of hardware impairments on a massive MU-MIMO single-cell system by means of theory and simulation. The simulations are performed using simplified, well-established statistical hardware impairment models as well as more sophisticated and realistic models based upon measurements and electromagnetic antenna array simulations.
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| 37. |
- Harati, Ebrahim, 1986-, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of HFMI treatment procedure on weld toe geometry and fatigue properties of high strength steel welds
- 2016
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Ingår i: Procedia Structural Integrity. - : Elsevier. - 2452-3216. ; 2, s. 3483-3490
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The effects of high frequency mechanical impact (HFMI) treatment procedure on the weld toe geometry and fatigue strength in 1300 MPa yield strength steel welds were investigated. In this regard first the effect of three or six run treatments on the weld toe geometry was evaluated. The fatigue strength and weld toe geometry of as-welded and HFMI treated samples was then compared. Fatigue testing was done under fully reversed, constant amplitude bending load. When increasing the number of treatment runs from three to six, the weld toe radius and width of treatment remained almost constant. However, a slightly smaller depth of treatment in the base metal and a somewhat larger depth of treatment in the weld metal was observed. HFMI treatment increased the fatigue strength by 26%. The treatment did not increase the weld toe radius significantly, but resulted in a more uniform weld toe geometry along the weld. A depth of treatment in the base metal in the range of 0.15-0.19 mm and a width of treatment in the range of 2.5-3 mm, were achieved. It is concluded that the three run treatment would be a more economical option than the six run treatment providing a similar or even more favourable geometry modification.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Hughes, John, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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FlexSoC: Combining Flexibility and Efficiency in SoC Designs
- 2003
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Ingår i: Proceedings of 21st Norchip Conference. ; Riga, Latvia, s. 52-55
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The FlexSoC project aims at developing a designframework that makes it possible to combine the computational speed and energy-efficiency of specialized hardware accelerators with the flexibility of programmable processors. FlexSoC approaches this problem by defining auniform programming interface across the heterogeneousstructure of processing resources. This paper justifies ourapproach and also discusses the central research issueswe will focus on in the areas of VLSI design, computerarchitecture, and programming and verification.
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| 40. |
- Hurtig, Kjell, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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A critical analysis of weld heat input measurement through a water-cooled stationary anode calorimeter
- 2015
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Ingår i: Proceedings of JOM 18 International conference on joining materials, Helsingör, Danmark, april 26-29, 2015. - : JOM-institute. ; , s. 1-19
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A comprehensive model on heat transfer in welded plates is able to calculate the amount of heat losses from the surfaces. A model demands as input parameter the amount of heat delivered to the plate, independently of any loss (called here gross heat input for clarity). However, the great discrepancies among the results of calorimetric measurements have left many researchers skeptical about using this parameter in modeling as absolute term. The objective of this work was to assess the use of a water-cooled stationary anode calorimeter to obtain not only arc efficiency, but also gross heat input. A series of tests was carried out to determine the effect of current, material type and water flow rate on the calorimeter performance, as well as to evaluate some measures for reducing the calorimeter intrinsic errors. Finally, a sensitivity test was conducted to estimate the effect of measurement inaccuracies on the absorbed heat and arc efficiency values. The results showed that this calorimetric approach is a simple way for measuring gross heat inputs in arc welding. Nevertheless some improvement to reduce heat losses from the top surface and boost heat sinking from the opposite surface of the test coupon must be applied. This calorimeter is, on the other hand, highly sensitive to the parameter measurements, leading to errors up to ± 0.09 in arc efficiency determination if the instrument is not properly calibrated and installed.
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| 41. |
- Hurtig, Kjell, 1960-, et al.
(författare)
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A critical analysis of weld heat input measurement through a water-cooled stationary anode calorimeter
- 2016
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Ingår i: Science and technology of welding and joining. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1362-1718 .- 1743-2936. ; 21:5, s. 339-350
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Comprehensive models of heat transfer require specification of the total amount of heat received by the workpiece. The objective of this work was to critically examine the use of a water-cooled stationary anode calorimeter to obtain both arc efficiency and total heat input into the workpiece. For simplicity and clarity, this last quantity is called the gross heat input. The effects of current, material type and water flow rate on the calorimeter performance were determined experimentally. Some measures for reducing errors in calorimetry were evaluated. Improvements were made to reduce heat losses from the top surface of the test coupon and boost heat removal from the opposite surface. A sensitivity test was conducted to estimate the effect of measurement inaccuracies. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of calorimetry for measuring gross heat input in arc welding.
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| 42. |
- Jeppson, Kjell, 1947, et al.
(författare)
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Implementing Constructive Alignment in a CDIO-oriented Master’s Program in Integrated Electronic System Design
- 2010
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Ingår i: Proceedings of European Workshop on Microelectronics Education. ; , s. 135-140
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This presentation reports on the design and implementation of a Master’s program in Integrated Electronic System Design at Chalmers University of Technology from the perspectives of CDIO and constructive alignment. CDIO is an innovative educational concept originating from Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in which engineering fundamentals are stressed in terms of a Conceive, Design, Implement, and Operate process. Constructive alignment is a concept for creating an integrated learning environment where the teaching and learning activities are aligned with the assessment tasks to ensure that the achieved learning outcomes will correspond to the intended learning outcomes. In a process based on these two concepts, we have built a Master´s program that not only offers the basic theoretical background but also gives the student an opportunity to become competent in the skills that industry needs. Program focus is on the engineering process, on the technology platforms, and on the design tools and methodologies needed by the engineer to be able to contribute to the development of complex electronic systems and products while working in an engineering team.
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| 43. |
- Johansson, Jesper, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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A Novel Speculative Pseudo-Parallel \Delta\Sigma Modulator
- 2015
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Ingår i: 32rd NORCHIP 2014. ; , s. Article number 7004712-
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a novel speculative pseudo-parallel \Delta\Sigma modulator structure, which almost halves the logic depthof the critical path in the pseudo-parallel Hatami structure. Following Hatami, our modulator calculates a block of n consecutive output bits in parallel, and then employs a parallelserial interface to output the bits at n times the modulator clock frequency. We circumvent the block-to-block dependence, which limits the clock speed of the Hatami structure, by speculatively calculating the outputs based on all possible output values of theprevious block, and then selecting the correct one. We present cost and performance estimates for an initial implementation of the modulator, synthesized towards an FPGA and an ASIC technology.
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| 44. |
- Karimi, Mahssa, et al.
(författare)
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Increased neck soft tissue mass and worsening of obstructive sleep apnoea after growth hormone treatment in men with abdominal obesity : Growth hormone and obstructive sleep apnoea in abdominally obese men
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine. - 1550-9389. ; 6:3, s. 256-263
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Risk factors for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) are male gender, obesity and abnormalities in neck soft tissue mass. OSA is associated with both growth hormone (GH) excess and severe GH deficiency in adults. Adults with abdominal obesity have markedly suppressed GH secretion. Aim To study the effect of GH treatment on OSA in abdominally obese men with impaired glucose tolerance. Patients and Methods Forty men with abdominal obesity and glucose intolerance were randomized in a prospective, 12-month, double-blind trial to receive either GH or placebo. The treatment groups had similar BMI and waist circumference. Overnight polysomnography and computed tomography to assess muscle and fat distribution in the neck and abdomen were performed at baseline and after 12 months. Results GH treatment increased insulin-like growth-factor-1 from (mean (SD)) 168(17) to 292(28) μg/L, the apnea-hypopnea index from (n/h) 31(20) to 43(25) and oxygen-desaturation index from (n/h) 18(14) to 29(21) (p=0.0001, 0.001, 0.002). Neck transverse diameter, circumference and total cross-sectional area (p=0.007, 0.01, 0.02) increased while abdominal visceral adipose tissue (p=0.007) was reduced. No between-group differences in total sleep time, REM sleep, non-REM sleep and time spent in supine position were found. The Epworth sleepiness scale score was unchanged. Conclusions GH treatment increased the severity of OSA in abdominally obese men. The possible mechanism appears to be reflected by the GH-induced increase of measures of neck volume. The present results, to some extent, argue against that low GH/IGF-I activity is a primary cause of OSA in abdominally obese men.
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| 45. |
- Karlsson, Leif, 1952-, et al.
(författare)
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Efficient welding of high strength steel
- 2014
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 6th International Swedish Production Symposium 2014. - 9789198097412 ; , s. 1-8
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Producing welds with properties matching those of the steel is a challenge at high strength levels. The present study investigated how cooling rates and dilution affects strength and toughness when welding steels with yield strengths of 777 MPa and 1193 MPa. Overmatching weld metal strength was achieved for the less strong steel and weld strengths >1000 MPa were recorded for the stronger steel. Fracture in transverse tensile testing was always located in base material or HAZ. Low dilution, rapid cooling and single pass welding contributed to higher strength. Impact toughness was higher for lower strength and low dilution.
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Kindberg, Elin, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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A deletion in the chemokine receptor 5 (CCR5) gene is associated with tickborne encephalitis
- 2008
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Ingår i: Journal of Infectious Diseases. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0022-1899 .- 1537-6613. ; 197:2, s. 266-269
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Tickborne encephalitis (TBE) virus infections can be asymptomatic or cause moderate to severe injuries of the central nervous system. Why some individuals develop severe disease is unknown, but a role for host genetic factors has been suggested. To investigate whether chemokine receptor CCR5 is associated with TBE, CCR5Δ32 genotyping was performed among Lithuanian patients with TBE (n = 129) or with aseptic meningoencephalitis (n = 76) as well as among control subjects (n = 134). We found individuals homozygous for CCR5Δ32 (P = .026) only among patients with TBE and a higher allele prevalence among patients with TBE compared with the other groups studied. CCR5Δ32 allele prevalence also increased with the clinical severity of disease. © 2007 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. All rights reserved.
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| 48. |
- Krook, Jonas, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Design and Formal Verification of a Safe Stop Supervisor for an Automated Vehicle
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings - IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1050-4729. - 9781538660263 ; 2019-May, s. 5607-5613
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autonomous vehicles apply pertinent planning and control algorithms under different driving conditions. The mode switch between these algorithms should also be autonomous. On top of the nominal planners, a safe fallback routine is needed to stop the vehicle at a safe position if nominal operational conditions are violated, such as for a system failure. This paper describes the design and formal verification of a supervisor to manage all requirements for mode switching between nominal planners, and additional requirements for switching to a safe stop trajectory planner that acts as the fallback routine. The supervisor is designed via a model-based approach and its abstraction is formally verified by model checking. The supervisor is implemented and integrated with the Research Concept Vehicle, an experimental research and demonstration vehicle developed at the KTH Royal Institute of Technology. Simulations and experiments show that the vehicle is able to autonomously drive in a safe manner between two parking lots and can successfully come to a safe stop upon GPS sensor failure.
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| 49. |
- Larsson, Alf, et al.
(författare)
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SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR IMPLEMENTING A SKEW-TOLERANT TRUE-SINGLE-PHASE-CLOCKING FLIP-FLOP
- 2003
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Patent (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- An exemplary skew-tolerant true-single-phase-clocking (TSPC) flip-flop is disclosed that reduces current spikes by allowing willful introduction of skew in the clock tree of a single-phase circuit design. More precisely, a split-clock TSPC flip-flop, which allows the flip-flop hold times to be met in the face of skewed clocks, which, in turn, reduces the maximum value of current spikes, can be substituted for a traditional TSPC flip-flop in a sequential logic circuit. The input of the split-clock TSPC flip-flop is latched according to a first clock signal, which was used in a preceding stage, while the output of the split-clock TSPC flip-flop is driven according to a second clock signal. The first and second clock signals can be skewed in time, but have the same frequency and substantially the same phase.; Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) device can also be included within the split-clock TSPC flip-flop to reduce power dissipation in cases of large clock skew.
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| 50. |
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