| 1. |
- Lindell, Lina, 1977-, et al.
(författare)
-
Journey to the destination: a circular tourism economy : a training program for the hospitality industry to facilitate a transition towards increased circularity in the South Baltic Region
- 2019
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Being aware of the extent of the tourism industry and that it is ever growing, which is also encouraged in many individual countries by the national and regional governments, it is evident that the tourism industry is an essential target group for introducing circular concepts and implementing circular solutions. Yet, this sector has so far received little attention in the literature and initiatives on circularity.Circular Economy (CE) goes beyond “green” or “environmental”, it includes all aspects of a community and challenges us to create solutions that are completely different from what we are used to. It also invites us to open up and interact with other stakeholders and the general public.In your hands is the first training material in circular economy specifically developed for small to medium sized companies of the tourism industry in the South Baltic Region. It is a small but important step in the direction towards circularity and a wellbeing society. Through this work we have shown that despite cultural challenges and regional differences there is a shared, common interest in making tourism more sustainable and even to work together towards a transformation of the hospitality industry. This common vision has been stronger than the challenges we faced in making this work and this is what will ensure the continued growing awareness on circularity and its integration in different sectors in our communities. In this work we have featured some of the groundbreaking experts in this field, and some of the first good practices from our regions. They are all courageous pioneers in a field that with time will become the norm. In fact, in the 10th Annual Forum of the EU strategy for the Baltic Sea Region (12-13/6/2019, Gdansk, Poland), CE was highlighted as the pathway to reach prosperity and wellbeing in the Baltic Sea Region.
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| 2. |
- Svensson, Arne, et al.
(författare)
-
Utvärdering av Kunskapsprogrammet Hållbar Sanering
- 2009
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Kunskapsprogrammet Hållbar Sanering är en del av Naturvårdsverkets arbete med att nå miljömålet Giftfri miljö. Genom Hållbar Sanering har myndigheter, forskare och företag fått bidrag för att bygga upp och sprida kunskap om efterbehandling av förorenade mark- och vattenområden. Via Naturvårdsverkets hemsida kan all tillgänglig information inhämtas om kunskapsprogrammet Hållbar Sanering, inklusive samtliga projektrapporter och resultatet av syntesarbetet. Totalt har i kunskapsprogrammet genom tre utlysningar 2004 - 2006 finansierat 54 projekt (56 rapporter) inom områdena Undersökningsmetoder, Riskbedömning, Riskvärdering, Riskkommunikation och Åtgärdslösningar. Närmare hälften av projekten avser riskbedömning. En utvärdering har på Naturvårdsverkets uppdrag genomförts av Professional Management AB under perioden januari – april 2009. Utvärderingen visar att Hållbar Sanering har gjort en betydande insats för kunskapsförsörjningen, särskilt när det gäller riskbedömning och riskvärdering. Den ena utvärderingsfrågan handlar om i vilken utsträckning kunskapsprogrammets syfte har uppnåtts. Enligt 70 % av respondenterna i de primära målgrupperna (Naturvårdsverket, SGI, SGU, länsstyrelser, konsulter, forskare och forskningsfinansiärer) har syftet med Hållbar Sanering uppnåtts helt, nästan helt eller i stor utsträckning. Genom kunskapsprogrammet Hållbar Sanering har branschen fått ny kunskap och resultat kan användas i arbetet med att efterbehandla förorenad mark. Det finns en bred samstämmighet bland respondenterna om att Hållbar Sanering har gett användbara resultat för målgrupperna. Nio av tio instämmer helt eller delvis i att Hållbar Sanering erbjuder kunskap och resultat till nytta för myndigheter, forskare och företag. Närmare tre fjärdedelar av respondenterna har redan i viss eller betydande utsträckning själva använt resultatet från Hållbar Sanering i sitt arbete. Tre fjärdedelar anger även att de har haft stor nytta eller viss nytta av dessa resultat. Det bör noteras att denna utvärdering har genomförts innan kunskapsprogrammet är helt avslutat. Det är därför för tidigt att förvänta sig full effekt av programmet. Trots detta kan således påvisas att programmet redan har skapat verifierbar nytta hos målgrupperna. Den andra utvärderingsfrågan gäller arbetssättet. Två av tre respondenter i de primära målgrupperna anser att arbetssättet i stor eller mycket stor utsträckning har varit ändamålsenligt för att öka kunskapen. Färre bedömer dock att arbetssättet hittills har varit ändamålsenligt för att ge underlag för att prioritera insatser. I detta avseende är det bara 28 % som anser att arbetssättet i stor eller mycket stor utsträckning har varit ändamålsenligt. Detta kan möjligen sammanhänga med att tyngdpunkten i kunskapsprogrammet har legat på projekt som gäller riskbedömning och riskvärdering medan få projekt har gällt åtgärdslösningar. För att kunna göra prioriteringar krävs att det går att ställa kostnadseffektiviteten i olika åtgärdslösningar mot varandra. Här uppfattas Hållbar Sanering inte ha bidragit med det underlag som är nödvändigt för beslutsfattarna. Syntesarbetet har dock lett fram till att Naturvårdsverket vet inom vilka områden (inom ramen för programmets kunskapsområden) det finns ytterligare kunskapsbehov. En eventuell fortsatt satsning bör inriktas mot åtgärdslösningar. Samtliga intressenter som har medverkat i arbetet gör bedömningen att kunskapsprogrammet Hållbar Sanering har fokuserats på rätt områden och att områden med viktiga kunskapsluckor har prioriterats i utlysningarna. Det finns en bra balans mellan tekniska, ekonomiska och samhälleliga aspekter. De projekt som har fått stöd synes ha täckt prioriterade kunskapsluckor inom större delen av dessa områden. Dock skulle det ha funnits behov av mer insatser vad gäller åtgärdstekniker, varför Naturvårdsverket bör överväga att använda en del av anslaget för efterbehandlingsarbetet för en ny projektomgång som tydligt är inriktad mot åtgärdsteknik och annan empiri som inte har täckts av Hållbar Sanering. Medan Hållbar Sanering har haft en bred inriktning bör således en ny utlysning vara betydligt smalare och fokusera på ett fåtal frågeställningar av tillämpningskaraktär. Både programkommittén, projektledaren och beredningsgruppen i övrigt har enligt samstämmiga uppgifter genomfört sitt uppdrag på ett mycket bra sätt. Programkommittén har haft en bred sammansättning, vilket har skapat goda förutsättningar för en gemensam kunskapsutveckling. Dock har representant för konsulterna saknats i programkommittén. Generellt sett har arbetssättet inom kunskapsprogrammet varit ändamålsenligt. Programmet har varit välorganiserat och arbetet har lagts upp på ett målmedvetet sätt. Resultatet är av stort värde för intressenterna. Publiceringen av rapporterna på Naturvårdsverkets hemsida anses ha fungerat bra. Den bristande tidshållningen i vissa av projekten och i syntesarbetet borde dock ha kunnat motverkas genom kraftfullare styrning och tydligare incitament. Vidare kunde programmet ha marknadsförts mera offensivt både i utlysningsfasen och i spridningen av resultaten. Materialet från Hållbar Sanering kommer inte att uppdateras eller på annat sätt ändras efter det att programmet är avslutat, men materialet kommer att finnas tillgängligt för alla intressenter för sökning i Naturvårdsverkets webbibliotek. Därutöver kan det finnas skäl att kontinuerligt sprida riktad information om att materialet som helhet finns och om enskilda rapporter till specifika målgrupper. Vissa rapporter kommer att vara aktuella under längre tid, medan det på andra områden relativt snabbt kan komma fram ny kunskap. Naturvårdsverket bör därför systematiskt analysera vad som kan användas som underlag för verkets framtida vägledningsarbete. Beslutsfattare och utförare har behov av tydliga rekommendationer utifrån dagens tillgängliga kunskap. En del av de kunskapsluckor som återstår kan täckas genom internationellt samarbete. Detta gäller inte minst grundläggande studier av föroreningars öde i mark och vatten och olika toxikologiska effekter. Den kunskap som tas fram internationellt kan anpassas till svenska förhållanden och föras vidare av t.ex. forskare (universitet eller forskningsinstitut), konsulter, entreprenörer eller handläggare på en myndighet eller annan organisation. I utvärderingen skisseras också avslutningsvis tre alternativ när det gäller en senare effektstudie.
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| 3. |
- Tyler, Torbjörn, et al.
(författare)
-
Utsådda blommor räddar inte insekterna
- 2021
-
Ingår i: Svenska Dagbladet. - 1101-2412.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Om vi vill rädda hotade insektsarter är det miljöer med traditionella ängsväxter som vi behöver mer av, inte fröblandningar av oklart ursprung från handeln. Det skriver flera debattörer.
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| 4. |
- Ahlqvist, Kerstin, et al.
(författare)
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Verksamhetsförlagd kompetensutveckling
- 2024
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Ingår i: Högskolepedagogisk debatt. - : Kristianstad University Press. - 2000-9216. ; 2023:2, s. 43-54
-
Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Delaktighet och engagemang är centrala begrepp som vi på Högskolan Kristianstad (HKR) delar med Kristianstad kommun för att marknadsföra staden. Kan verksamhetsförlagd kompetensutveckling (VFK) bli det som förenar oss i en samverkan för att utveckla våra utbildningar och få engagerade lärare och studenter?
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| 5. |
- Ainsworth, Richard I, et al.
(författare)
-
Systems-biology analysis of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes implicates cell line-specific transcription factor function.
- 2022
-
Ingår i: Nature communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 13:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an immune-mediated disease affecting diarthrodial joints that remains an unmet medical need despite improved therapy. This limitation likely reflects the diversity of pathogenic pathways in RA, with individual patients demonstrating variable responses to targeted therapies. Better understanding of RA pathogenesis would be aided by a more complete characterization of the disease. To tackle this challenge, we develop and apply a systems biology approach to identify important transcription factors (TFs) in individual RA fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) cell lines by integrating transcriptomic and epigenomic information. Based on the relative importance of the identified TFs, we stratify the RA FLS cell lines into two subtypes with distinct phenotypes and predicted activepathways. We biologically validate these predictions for the top subtype-specific TF RARα and demonstrate differential regulation of TGFβ signaling in the two subtypes. This study characterizes clusters of RA cell lines with distinctive TF biology by integrating transcriptomic and epigenomic data, which could pave the way towards a greater understanding of disease heterogeneity.
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| 6. |
- Alsterholm, Mikael, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Establishment and utility of SwedAD : a nationwide Swedish registry for patients with atopic dermatitis receiving systemic pharmacotherapy
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-5555 .- 1651-2057. ; 103
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- SwedAD, a Swedish nationwide registry for patients with atopic dermatitis receiving systemic pharmacotherapy, was launched on 1 September 2019. We describe here the establishment of a user-friendly registry to the benefit of patients with atopic dermatitis. By 5 November 2022, 38 clinics had recorded 931 treatment episodes in 850 patients with an approximate national coverage rate of 40%. Characteristics at enrolment included median Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) 10.2 (interquartile range 4.0, 19.4), Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM) 18.0 (10.0, 24.0), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) 11.0 (5.0, 19.0) and Peak Itch Numerical Rating Scale-11 (NRS-11) 6.0 (3.0, 8.0). At 3 months, median EASI was 3.2 (1.0, 7.3) and POEM, DLQI, and NRS-11 were improved. Regional coverage varied, reflecting the distribution of dermatologists, the ratio of public to private healthcare, and difficulties in recruiting certain clinics. This study highlights the importance of a nationwide registry when managing systemic pharmacotherapy of atopic dermatitis.
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| 7. |
- Asnicar, Davide, et al.
(författare)
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Sand Goby : An Ecologically Relevant Species for Behavioural Ecotoxicology
- 2018
-
Ingår i: Fishes. - : MDPI. - 2410-3888. ; 3:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Locomotion-based behavioural endpoints have been suggested as suitable sublethal endpoints for human and environmental hazard assessment, as well as for biomonitoring applications. Larval stages of the sand goby (Pomatoschistus minutus) possess a number of attractive qualities for experimental testing that make it a promising species in behavioural ecotoxicology. Here, we present a study aimed at developing a toolkit for using the sand goby as novel species for ecotoxicological studies and using locomotion as an alternative endpoint in toxicity testing. Exposure to three contaminants (copper (Cu), di-butyl phthalate (DBP) and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) was tested in the early life stages of the sand goby and the locomotion patterns of the larvae were quantified using an automatic tracking system. In a photo-motor test, sand goby larvae displayed substantially higher activity in light than in dark cycles. Furthermore, all tested compounds exerted behavioural alterations, such as hypo- and hyperactivity. Our experimental results show that sand goby larvae produce robust and quantifiable locomotive responses, which could be used within an ecotoxicological context for assessing the behavioural toxicity of environmental pollutants, with particular relevance in the Nordic region. This study thus suggests that sand goby larvae have potential as an environmentally relevant species for behavioural ecotoxicology, and as such offer an alternative to standard model species.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Bontekoe, Eelke, et al.
(författare)
-
Deliverable 9.5: Report on monitoring framework in LH cities and established baseline
- 2020
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The IRIS project has defined goals and targets in the project proposal, and the monitoring and evaluation work package (WP) 9 will analyse to what extent the project reaches these goals and objectives. The monitoring and evaluation will also provide information concerning the performance of the different solutions demonstrated in the Lighthouse (LH) cities in IRIS which is important for the replication of the solutions both in the LH cities and in other cities. This is of importance for the replicability of the solutions, both in the LH cities (Utrecht, Nice and Gothenburg) and in other cities. The project consists of several demonstration projects which are divided by 5 transition tracks (TTs): TT1; Smart renewables and closed- loop energy positive districts, TT2; Smart Energy Management and Storage for Grid Flexibility, TT3; Smart e-Mobility Sector, TT4; City Innovation Platform (CIP) Use Cases, TT5; Citizen engagement and co-creation.D9.5 is the result of 2 years of work with several iterative processes involving the LH cities and their partners with the ultimate goal to:Define a set of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) which evaluate the effectiveness and impact of the cities proposed measures.Setup monitoring plans for each IS to define how each parameter is being measured to ensure that the KPIs can be calculated.Define how the baseline and the targets are defined and measured.This work started as described in D9.2 (Report on monitoring and evaluation schemes for integrated solutions) [1] with:The definition of the initial list of KPIs and how to calculate them, based on Smart Cities Information System (SCIS) [2], the CITYKeys Project [3] and the IRIS project itself .The assignment of KPIs to relevant measures within the project.An evaluation plan to measure performance on project level, including aggregation of KPIs.The process has continued with D9.3 (Report on data model and management plan for integrated solutions) [4] and D9.4 (Report on unified framework for harmonized data gathering, analysis and reporting) [5], which define the basis of the methodologies used to come to the results written in this report.Feedback from several workshops on this topic has led to a guideline that supports the partners responsible for implementation of the demonstrators in setting up their projects such that:KPIs that are being measured are well understood.KPIs give a meaningful result.The right data is being measured to calculate the required KPIs during the implementation of the measures.An important part of this process is to have a close look at the KPIs that are projected for each demonstrator, the calculation method of the KPIs, and the expected results. By means of KPI interpretation forms. By doing so:• KPIs are defined and calculated such that only one way of interpretation is possible. This way results from different projects and cities are homogenized.• It is well understood what result the measurement of a KPI leads to.The method and results of this process are described in this report, which is a revised KPI list where KPIs are added, removed or adapted.In addition to this, the KPI interpretation forms created the basis for the formulation of detailed monitoring plans for all measures within the project. Together with template forms for reporting these plans and a common data structure, which were provided to the affiliated partners, these plans are obtained and described for all measures per Transition Track and per Lighthouse city in this report.Another essential part of measuring the performance of the IRIS project is the establishment of the baseline measurements and review if targets are met. Tables with KPI data requirements, consisting of the associated parameters, data sources, baseline and (possible) targets for all measures are incorporated.An important part of the monitoring strategy of the IRIS project is the KPI tool, which is described in detail in report D9.4 [5]. This tool is established to collect all relevant monitoring data from the IRIS project in order to calculate and visualize the performance of the project. The tool partly obtains it’s data by means of the City Information Platforms (CIP). The monitoring details combined with the updated KPIs, result in an inventory containing an overview of all data sources with as main objective:• To make sure that all data sources are known and will be measured by the responsible partners.• To know what kind of data needs to be collected by the KPI tool.• To know when monitoring in each demonstrator starts and data can be expected.• To have a clear overview for all responsible partners what to deliver.Besides setting up the collection of the indicators data, D9.5 also continues the work on aggregation of KPIs. For each city a revised list is made that indicates which KPIs will be aggregated to Transition Track-, City- and IRIS-level.In the conclusion the challenges that where met during the process of setting up the monitoring framework are described. Because of delays within the IRIS project, not all monitoring plans have been obtained yet. Therefore, a future update of this report will be submitted as soon as this information is available. Further on a perspective is described for future work to start gathering the data and visualize results of the IRIS project.The target group for this report is mainly people who:- Are interested in how to apply a unified monitoring and evaluation scheme into a large Smart City project with many different partners and stakeholders. For example, people working on comparable (Smart City) projects, or the follower cities within the IRIS project.- Are interested in how the performance of several different Smart city projects can be evaluated.- Are interested in the implementation of KPIs from projects such as SCIS and CITYkeys.- Want to learn from project partners from within the IRIS project who work on similar projectsabout their monitoring. For example, partners from different cities affiliated with the same transition track or transition track leaders.- Want to find out what kind of data can be expected from the IRIS project. For example, external researchers interested in the results of Smart City projects, but also partners working on WP4 (CIP) and WP9 (monitoring and evaluation).Want to learn what the current state is of the monitoring and evaluation of the IRIS project.
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| 10. |
- Cotgreave, Ian A, et al.
(författare)
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Differentiation-specific alterations to glutathione synthesis in and hormonally stimulated release from human skeletal muscle cells.
- 2002
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Ingår i: The FASEB Journal. - : Wiley. - 0892-6638 .- 1530-6860. ; 16:3, s. 435-7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Muscle atrophy and cachexia are associated with many human diseases. These catabolic states are often associated with the loss of glutathione (GSH), which is thought to contribute to the induction of oxidative stress within the muscle. Glutathione synthesis and secretary characteristics were studied in human skeletal muscle myoblasts and myotube-like cells derived from the myoblasts by growth factor restriction. Differentiation was associated with a shift in the sulfur amino acid precursor specificity for synthesis of GSH from cystine to cysteine, as well as loss in ability to use extracellular glutathione and activation of methionine use. The thiol drug N-acetylcysteine was also shown to be an effective precursor irrespective of the state of differentiation. Additionally, myoblasts and myotube cultures were shown to secrete GSH continually, but only the differentiated cells responded to stress hormones such as glucagon, vasopressin, and phenylephrine, by increased secretion of the tripeptide. The data suggest that the skeletal muscle cells may provide an important hormonally regulated extra-hepatic source of systemic GSH and also shed light on the mechanisms of accelerated turnover of GSH operating during strenuous muscle activity and trauma. The data may also provide biochemical rationales for the nutritional and/or pharmacological manipulation of GSH with sulfur amino acid precursors during the treatment of muscle-specific oxidative stress and atrophy.
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| 11. |
- Ekstrand, Eva-Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Methane potentials of the Swedish pulp and paper industry - A screening of wastewater effluents
- 2013
-
Ingår i: Applied Energy. - : Elsevier. - 0306-2619 .- 1872-9118. ; 112, s. 507-517
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- With the final aim of reducing the energy consumption and increase the methane production at Swedish pulp and paper mills, the methane potential of 62 wastewater effluents from 10 processes at seven pulp and/or paper mills (A-G) was determined in anaerobic batch digestion assays. This mapping is a first step towards an energy efficient and more sustainable utilization of the effluents by anaerobic digestion, and will be followed up by tests in lab-scale and pilot-scale reactors. Five of the mills produce kraft pulp (KP), one thermo-mechanical pulp (TMP), two chemical thermo-mechanical pulp (CTMP) and two neutral sulfite semi-chemical (NSSC) pulp. Both elementary and total chlorine free (ECF and TCF, respectively) bleaching processes were included. The effluents included material from wood rooms, cooking and oxygen delignification, bleaching (often both acid- and alkali effluents), drying and paper/board machinery as well as total effluents before and after sedimentation. The results from the screening showed a large variation in methane yields (percent of theoretical methane potential assuming 940 NmL CH4 per g TOC) among the effluents. For the KP-mills, methane yields above 50% were obtained for the cooking effluents from mills D and F, paper machine wastewater from mill D, condensate streams from mills B, E and F and the composite pre-sedimentation effluent from mill D. The acidic ECF-effluents were shown to be the most toxic to the AD-flora and also seemed to have a negative effect on the yields of composite effluents downstream while three of the alkaline ECF-bleaching effluents gave positive methane yields. ECF bleaching streams gave higher methane yields when hardwood was processed. All TCF-bleaching effluents at the KP mills gave similar degradation patterns with final yields of 10-15% of the theoretical methane potential for four of the five effluents. The composite effluents from the two NSSC-processes gave methane yields of 60% of the theoretical potential. The TMP mill (A) gave the best average yield with all six effluents ranging 40-65% of the theoretical potential. The three samples from the CTMP process at mill B showed potentials around 40% while three of the six effluents at mill G (CTMP) yielded 45-50%.
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| 12. |
- Gruneau, Lina, 1994-, et al.
(författare)
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Precision i hälsoekonomiska utvärderingsresultat och osäkerhet i prioriteringsbeslut
- 2022
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Tandvårds- och läkemedelsförmånsverket (TLV) genomför på uppdrag av regeringen ett arbete med att utveckla metoder för hälsoekonomiska utvärderingar av precisionsmedicin och betalningsmodeller för avancerade terapiläkemedel (ATMP). TLV redovisar i sin andra rapport inom ramen för uppdraget ett antal nya möjliga metoder som kan användas i en hälsoekonomisk utvärdering för att värdera huruvida de priser som företagen efterfrågar är rimliga i förhållande till läkemedlens nytta. Eftersom hälsoekonomiska utvärderingar alltid är behäftade med osäkerhet i skattningarna är frågan om hur osäkerhet skall analyseras och beskrivas central för precisionsmedicin och ATMP då dataunderlagen ofta är knapphändiga. I en slutsats från ett tidigare arbete om utmaningarna med att utvärdera kostnader och hälsoeffekter inom ramen för precisionsmedicin konstaterades det att osäkerheten i skattningarna av kostnadseffektivitet kommer att öka när patientpopulationerna som utvärderas blir allt mindre. Vidare framgick det i de tidigare arbetena att TLVs ansats för att beskriva och analysera osäkerhet inte alltid är helt tydlig. Som en del i TLVs regeringsuppdrag ingår det att beskriva och tydliggöra osäkerheter i skattningar av kostnadseffektivitet samt hur dessa osäkerhet kan påverka osäkerhet i prioriteringsbeslut och den här rapporten är en del i det arbetet.Rapporten är fristående från den rapport som TLV skrivit inom ramen för regeringsuppdraget men har som mål att ge en kompletterande beskrivning av de osäkerheter som oftast föreligger när hälsoekonomiska utvärderingar utgör en del av ett underlag för prioriteringsbeslut. Förhoppningen är att denna rapport tillsammans med TLVs rapport ska stimulera till fortsatt diskussion om potentiella lösningar för att hantera utmaningar inte bara med precisionsmedicin och ATMP utan även med beslutsfattande under osäkerhet generellt inom hälso- och sjukvården.
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| 13. |
- Habbouche, S., et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of the novel WEst coast System for Triage (WEST) with Rapid Emergency Triage and Treatment System (RETTS (c)): an observational pilot study
- 2022
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Emergency Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1865-1372 .- 1865-1380. ; 15:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Most Swedish emergency departments (ED) use the triage system Rapid Emergency Triage and Treatment System (RETTS (c)), which over time has proven to prioritize patients to higher triage levels. When many patients are prioritized to high triage levels, challenges with identifying true high-risk patients and increased waiting time for these patients has emerged. In order to achieve a more balanced triage in relation to actual medical risk, the triage system WEst coast System for Triage (WEST) was developed, based on the South African Triage Scale (SATS). The aim of this study was to perform an initial evaluation of the novel emergency triage system WEST compared to the existing RETTS (c). Methods Both RETTS (c) and WEST are five level triage systems illustrated by colors. Nurses from each of the three adult EDs of Sahlgrenska University Hospital in Gothenburg and the ambulance service assessed and triaged 1510 patients according to RETTS (c) and immediately thereafter filled out the WEST triage form. Data from each triage report were analyzed and grouped according to the triage color, chief complaint, and outcome of each patient. Data on discharge categories and events within 72 h were also collected. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistical methods. Results In general, WEST displayed lower levels of prioritization compared to RETTS (c), with no observed impact on patients' medical outcomes. In RETTS (c) orange triage level, approximately 50% of the patients were down prioritized in WEST to yellow or green triage levels. Also, in the RETTS (c) yellow triage level, more than 55% were down prioritized to green triage level in WEST. The number of patients who experienced a serious event during the first 72 h was few. Three patients died, these were all prioritized to red triage level in RETTS (c). In WEST two of these patients were prioritized to red triage level and one to orange triage level. All these patients were admitted to hospital before deterioration. Conclusions WEST may reduce over prioritization at the ED, especially in the orange and yellow triage levels of RETTS (c), with no observed increase in medical risk. WEST can be recommended for a clinical comparative study.
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| 14. |
- Hagelberg, Madeleine, et al.
(författare)
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När avsikten är att ge insikt om framtidsutsikterna
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Utsikter, insikter, avsikter. - Umeå : Universitetspedagogiskt Centrum, Umeå universitet. - 9789172645363 ; , s. 119-120
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- För sjunde året i rad genomförs vid Teknisk-naturvetenskapliga fakulteten, Umeå universitet ett rekryteringsprojekt i form av mentorskap. En viktig del i projektet är att överbrygga gapet mellan universitet och gymnasieskola samt att väcka intresse för naturvetenskap och teknik. Målet med projektet är att elever som går tredje året på gymnasieskolans naturvetenskapliga och tekniska program ska få vägledning i valet av studier och en inblick i studentlivet. Programstudenter vid fakulteten erbjuds en kurs i mentorskap (3p) och får praktik genom att själva vara mentorer åt en gymnasieelev. I kursen behandlas ämnen såsom utformning, ledning och genomförande av ett mentorskapsprojekt, samt även utvärdering och samtalsmetodik. En heldag med populärvetenskapliga föreläsningar och studentsittning är också det en omtyckt del av projektet. Avsikten med denna presentation är att berätta om ett lyckat rekryteringsprojekt som initierats av en student och som leds av anställda och studenter tillsammans. Projektet bygger på mötet mellan människor och vår förhoppning är att kunna vara en inspirationskälla i det viktiga arbete som rekrytering av nya studenter utgör.
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| 15. |
- Hagvall, Lina, 1978, et al.
(författare)
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Fragrance compound geraniol forms contact allergens on air exposure. Identification and quantification of oxidation products and effect on skin sensitization
- 2007
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Ingår i: Chemical Research in Toxicology. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0893-228X .- 1520-5010. ; 20:5, s. 807-814
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fragrances are common causes of contact allergy. Geraniol (trans-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadiene-1-ol) is an important fragrance terpene. It is considered a weak contact allergen and is used for fragrance allergy screening among consecutive dermatitis patients. Analogous to other monoterpenes studied, such as limonene and linalool, geraniol has the potential to autoxidize on air exposure and form highly allergenic compounds. The aim of the present study was to investigate and propose a mechanism for the autoxidation of geraniol at room temperature. To investigate whether allergenic compounds are formed, the sensitizing potency of geraniol itself, air-exposed geraniol, and its oxidation products was determined using the local lymph node assay in mice. The results obtained show that the allylic alcohol geraniol follows an oxidation pattern different from those of linalool and limonene, which autoxidize forming hydroperoxides as the only primary oxidation products. The autoxidation of geraniol follows two paths, originating from allylic hydrogen abstraction near the two double bonds. From geraniol, hydrogen peroxide is primarily formed together with aldehydes geranial and neral from a hydroxyhydroperoxide. In addition, small amounts of a hydroperoxide are formed, analogous to the formation of the major linalool hydroperoxide. The autoxidation of geraniol greatly influenced the sensitizing effect of geraniol. The oxidized samples had moderate sensitizing capacity, quite different from that of pure geraniol. The hydroperoxide formed is believed to be the major contributor to allergenic activity, together with the aldehydes geranial and neral. On the basis of the present study and previous experience, we recommend that the possibility of autoxidation and the subsequent formation of contact allergenic oxidation products are considered in risk assessments performed on fragrance terpenes.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Hansson, Anna, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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LEVA mellersta Halland – utveckling av åtgärdssamordning för jordbruket i Falkenbergs, Halmstads och Varbergs kommuner
- 2021
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- SammanfattningSom ett led i att minska övergödningen av sjöar, vattendrag och havsmiljön har Havs- och vattenmyndigheten på uppdrag av regeringen initierat projektet ”LEVA - Lokalt engagemang för vatten” som fördelas över 20 olika pilotprojekt inom vattenvårdsarbetet i Sverige. Ett av dessa pilotprojekt (LEVA mellersta Halland – utveckling av åtgärdssamordning för jordbruket i Falkenbergs, Halmstads och Varbergs kommuner) redovisas här och är ett samverkansprojekt mellan Falkenbergs, Halmstads och Varbergs kommuner, Högskolan i Halmstad och LRF Halland.Baserat på tidigare erfarenhet av vattenvårdsarbete på landsbygden har fokus för projektet varit att utreda hur nya arbetssätt via åtgärdssamordning kan stimulera till fler åtgärder inom jordbruket för att minska näringsläckage till sjöar och vattendrag. Åtgärdssamordnare anställdes inom projektet med förhoppning om att de skulle kunna fylla en funktion som saknats inom vattenvårdsarbetet. En funktion som innebar att knyta samman markägarnas möjligheter till och behov av åtgärder på sin marker med myndigheternas mål om att uppnå god ekologisk status för vattendragen genom att bedriva myndighetsarbete och tillsyn. Syftet med projektet har varit att identifiera hur åtgärdsplanering kan stärkas och vad som behövs för att fler åtgärder ska kunna genomföras. Utefter åtgärdssamordnarnas arbete har processer och arbetsmetoder dokumenteras och analyserats i ett följeforskningsprojekt med mål att identifiera framgångsfaktorer för ett effektivt åtgärdsarbete. Vidare har mål för projektet varit att utveckla en ökad förståelse för ett framgångsrikt åtgärdsarbete för att motverka övergödning, ge nya kunskapsunderlag för politik och förvaltning, förstärka samverkan om havs- och vattenmiljö, öka kunskapen om övergödningsproblematik och kostnadseffektiva åtgärder bland markägare samt höja kompetensen hos projektets deltagare och intressenter om vattenfrågornas betydelse för en hållbar landsbygdsutveckling. Projektet sammanfattar praktiska erfarenheter av åtgärdssamordning, markägarnas upplevelse av vattenvårdsarbete samt projektdeltagarnas upplevelser av projektets utveckling genom flera olika delstudier. Dessa inbegriper rapportering av projektets struktur, olika aktiviteter som åtgärdssamordnarna genomfört, provtagning inom pilotområdena, enkätstudier samt intervjustudier med markägare och projektdeltagare. Åtgärdssamordnarnas arbete och rapporteringar under projektets gång samt de delstudier som genomförts inom följeforskningen har gett en samlad och utvecklad bild av hur vattenvårdsarbetet och dess samordning kan stärkas så att fler åtgärder kan genomföras. Utefter detta har framgångsfaktorer för ett effektivt åtgärdsarbete tagits fram. Framgångsfaktorerna fokuserar på den organisatoriska nivån av åtgärdssamordningen med målsättning att vara applicerbara för åtgärdsarbete inom olika typer av avrinningsområden med olika fokus och förutsättningar. Totalt har sex framgångsfaktorer identifierats och delats in i tre kategorier som belyser och nyanserar vikten av organisering av åtgärdssamordning (Åtgärdssamordning i team och Tydliggörande av roller och strukturer), stöd för åtgärdssamordning (Samverkan med andra aktörer och grupper samt Nätverk mellan åtgärdssamordnare) och genomförande av åtgärdssamordning (Samordning från idé till åtgärd och Behovsanpassat arbetssätt). Utefter framgångsfaktorerna och den omfattande erfarenhetsgenerering och kunskapsinsamling som föregått dessa, visar projektet att fortsatt utveckling av ett lyckat vattenvårdsarbete genom åtgärdssamordning främst bör fokusera på att: Skapa långsiktighet i vattenvårdsarbetetInförandet av åtgärdssamordnare kan säkerställa en kontinuitet inom vattenvårdsarbetet som saknas när de flesta projekt drivs med hjälp av konsulter, Kan åtgärdssamordnarna dessutom arbeta i team och/eller i nätverk med andra åtgärdssamordnare skapas en mer robust organisation som bibehåller kunskaperna och möjliggör utveckling av rollen. Genom åtgärdssamordnare som arbetar långsiktigt med överbryggande frågor byggs nya former av kompetenser upp som gränsar både till expertisen hos konsulterna och myndighetsuppdraget hos tjänstemännen. Främja ett flexibelt arbetssättAtt fortsatt låta åtgärdssamordnarrollen vara fri från myndighetsutövning, även om den kan vara kopplad till myndigheten, säkerställer att det framgångsrika, behovsanpassade arbetssättet bibehålls. Detta arbetssätt tillåter åtgärdssamordnarna att arbeta motiverande, ge praktisk hjälp med ansökningar och åtgärder samt att vara en mer neutral länk mellan myndighet och markägare, något som undanröjer flera hinder i vattenvårdsarbetet så att åtgärder kan genomföras. Underlätta organisationsstrukturen för åtgärdssamordningVid en långsiktig planering av åtgärdssamordningen är det gynnsamt för de organisationer där åtgärdssamordningen ska vara placerad att erhålla förslag på ramar för en organisationsstruktur som kan underlätta arbetet, särskilt gällande praktiska frågor kring anställning och ansvarsfördelning, Det är viktigt för åtgärdssamordnarnas trygghet och legitimitet att det finns en ytterst ansvarig samt en tydlig uppdragsgivare och uppdragsbeskrivning. Det öppna förhållningssättet kring åtgärdssamordningen som LEVA-projektet haft i denna satsning ger en värdefull lokalförankring men skapar också behov hos åtgärdssamordnarna av att ha en samlad kompetens- eller referensgrupp som stöd i sitt arbete för att redan initialt ha tillgång till ett lokalt nätverk för de aktuella frågorna. Bilda nätverk för åtgärdssamordning och etablera en kunskapsbankÅtgärdssamordnarnas arbete kan underlättas genom att etablera nätverksstrukturer för informationssamling och kontaktskapande. En interaktiv plattform som utgör både kunskapsbank och möjliggör möten skulle kunna bidra till att erfarenheter och arbetssätt lättare sprids mellan åtgärdssamordnare och att de kontinuerligt dokumenteras. En sådan plattform skulle också kunna tillgängliggöras för markägare som på så sätt lättare skulle få tillgång till kunskap och kontakt med åtgärdssamordnarna. Ett sådant nätverk kan även underlätta för nya åtgärdssamordnare, användas för gemensamma utbildningsinsatser och informationsspridning samt ge en samlad bild av det svenska åtgärdsarbetet för vatten i en internationell kontext.
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| 18. |
- Keutzer, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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Machine Learning and Pharmacometrics for Prediction of Pharmacokinetic Data : Differences, Similarities and Challenges Illustrated with Rifampicin
- 2022
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Ingår i: Pharmaceutics. - : MDPI. - 1999-4923. ; 14:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pharmacometrics (PM) and machine learning (ML) are both valuable for drug development to characterize pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD). Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PKPD) analysis using PM provides mechanistic insight into biological processes but is time- and labor-intensive. In contrast, ML models are much quicker trained, but offer less mechanistic insights. The opportunity of using ML predictions of drug PK as input for a PKPD model could strongly accelerate analysis efforts. Here exemplified by rifampicin, a widely used antibiotic, we explore the ability of different ML algorithms to predict drug PK. Based on simulated data, we trained linear regressions (LASSO), Gradient Boosting Machines, XGBoost and Random Forest to predict the plasma concentration-time series and rifampicin area under the concentration-versus-time curve from 0-24 h (AUC(0-24h)) after repeated dosing. XGBoost performed best for prediction of the entire PK series (R-2: 0.84, root mean square error (RMSE): 6.9 mg/L, mean absolute error (MAE): 4.0 mg/L) for the scenario with the largest data size. For AUC(0-24h) prediction, LASSO showed the highest performance (R-2: 0.97, RMSE: 29.1 h center dot mg/L, MAE: 18.8 h center dot mg/L). Increasing the number of plasma concentrations per patient (0, 2 or 6 concentrations per occasion) improved model performance. For example, for AUC(0-24h) prediction using LASSO, the R-2 was 0.41, 0.69 and 0.97 when using predictors only (no plasma concentrations), 2 or 6 plasma concentrations per occasion as input, respectively. Run times for the ML models ranged from 1.0 s to 8 min, while the run time for the PM model was more than 3 h. Furthermore, building a PM model is more time- and labor-intensive compared with ML. ML predictions of drug PK could thus be used as input into a PKPD model, enabling time-efficient analysis.
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| 19. |
- Klatt, Björn K., 1980-, et al.
(författare)
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Seed treatment with clothianidin induces changes in plant metabolism and alters pollinator foraging preferences
- 2023
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Ingår i: Ecotoxicology. - New York, NY : Springer. - 0963-9292 .- 1573-3017. ; 32:10, s. 1247-1256
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Neonicotinoids, systemic insecticides that are distributed into all plant tissues and protect against pests, have become a common part of crop production, but can unintentionally also affect non-target organisms, including pollinators. Such effects can be direct effects from insecticide exposure, but neonicotinoids can affect plant physiology, and effects could therefore also be indirectly mediated by changes in plant phenology, attractiveness and nutritional value. Under controlled greenhouse conditions, we tested if seed treatment with the neonicotinoid clothianidin affected oilseed rape’s production of flower resources for bees and the content of the secondary plant products glucosinolates that provide defense against herbivores. Additionally, we tested if seed treatment affected the attractiveness of oilseed rape to flower visiting bumblebees, using outdoor mesocosms. Flowers and leaves of clothianidin-treated plants had different profiles of glucosinolates compared with untreated plants. Bumblebees in mesocosms foraged slightly more on untreated plants. Neither flower timing, flower size nor the production of pollen and nectar differed between treatments, and therefore cannot explain any preference for untreated oilseed rape. We instead propose that this small but significant preference for untreated plants was related to the altered glucosinolate profile caused by clothianidin. Thereby, this study contributes to the understanding of the complex relationships between neonicotinoid-treated crops and pollinator foraging choices, by suggesting a potential mechanistic link by which insecticide treatment can affect insect behavior.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Liljenfeldt, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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Enhanced therapeutic anti-tumor immunity induced by co-administration of 5-fluorouracil and adenovirus expressing CD40 ligand
- 2014
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Ingår i: Cancer Immunology and Immunotherapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-7004 .- 1432-0851. ; 63:3, s. 273-282
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Bystander immune activation by chemotherapy has recently gained extensive interest and provided support for the clinical use of chemotherapeutic agents in combination with immune enhancers. The CD40 ligand (CD40L; CD154) is a potent regulator of the anti-tumor immune response and recombinant adenovirus (RAd)-mediated CD40L gene therapy has been effective in various cancer models and in man. In this study we have assessed the combined effect of local RAd-CD40L and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) administration on a syngeneic MB49 mouse bladder tumor model. Whereas MB49 cells implanted into immunocompetent mice responded poorly to RAd-CD40L or 5-FU alone, administration of both agents dramatically decreased tumor growth, increased survival of the mice and induced systemic MB49-specific immunity. This combination treatment was ineffective in athymic nude mice, highlighting an important role for T cell mediated anti-tumor immunity for full efficacy. 5-FU up-regulated the expression of Fas and immunogenic cell death markers in MB49 cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes from mice receiving RAd-CD40L immunotherapy efficiently lysed 5-FU treated MB49 cells in a Fas ligand-dependent manner. Furthermore, local RAd-CD40L and 5-FU administration induced a shift of myeloid-derived suppressor cell phenotype into a less suppressive population. Collectively, these data suggest that RAd-CD40L gene therapy is a promising adjuvant treatment to 5-FU for the management of bladder cancer.
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| 22. |
- Lindahl, Bertil, et al.
(författare)
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An algorithm for rule-in and rule-out of acute myocardial infarction using a novel troponin I assay
- 2017
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Ingår i: Heart. - : BMJ. - 1355-6037 .- 1468-201X. ; 103:2, s. 125-131
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To derive and validate a hybrid algorithm for rule-out and rule-in of acute myocardial infarction based on measurements at presentation and after 2 hours with a novel cardiac troponin I (cTnI) assay. Methods The algorithm was derived and validated in two cohorts (605 and 592 patients) from multicentre studies enrolling chest pain patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with onset of last episode within 12 hours. The index diagnosis and cardiovascular events up to 30 days were adjudicated by independent reviewers. Results In the validation cohort, 32.6% of the patients were ruled out on ED presentation, 6.1% were ruled in and 61.3% remained undetermined. A further 22% could be ruled out and 9.8% ruled in, after 2 hours. In total, 54.6% of the patients were ruled out with a negative predictive value (NPV) of 99.4% (95% CI 97.8% to 99.9%) and a sensitivity of 97.7% (95% CI 91.9% to 99.7%); 15.8% were ruled in with a positive predictive value (PPV) of 74.5% (95% CI 64.8% to 82.2%) and a specificity of 95.2% (95% CI 93.0% to 96.9%); and 29.6% remained undetermined after 2 hours. No patient in the rule-out group died during the 30-day follow-up in the two cohorts. Conclusions This novel two-step algorithm based on cTnI measurements enabled just over a third of the patients with acute chest pain to be ruled in or ruled out already at presentation and an additional third after 2 hours. This strategy maximises the speed of rule-out and rule-in while maintaining a high NPV and PPV, respectively.
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| 23. |
- Lindehoff, Elin, et al.
(författare)
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Biomass performance and stability of 5-year outdoor microalgal cultivation for CO2 removal from cement flue gas
- 2024
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Ingår i: Bioresource Technology Reports. - Oxford : Elsevier. - 2589-014X. ; 25, s. 1-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The study evaluated removal of industrial CO2 from cement flue gas using algal cultivation. Local polycultures were grown in an up-scaled outdoor photobioreactor over 5 years in northern Europe. Algal biomass was harvested 2–3 times per week and the closed panel system was re-filled with seawater amended with nutrients. Flue gas was fed to the photobioreactor circulatory system in one direction or re-circulated. Removal efficiency of CO2 averaged 9 % in non-recirculation and 17 % in re-circulation modes and reached 20–60 % under best cultivation conditions. Recovery of carbon into algal biomass reached up to 10 g m2d−1 in non-recirculation mode. Biomass performance was explained by circulation mode and shift of polyculture traits. Stability of biomass quality was shown over seasons, with higher relative content of protein in autumn. Toxic elements in biomass were below legal thresholds for upcycling. The study shows feasibility of algal solutions for conversion of waste, applied in temperate climate. © 2023 The Authors
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Ljung, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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A Rule-Out Strategy Based on High-Sensitivity Troponin and HEART Score Reduces Hospital Admissions
- 2019
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Ingår i: Annals of Emergency Medicine. - : MOSBY-ELSEVIER. - 0196-0644 .- 1097-6760. ; 73:5, s. 491-499
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Study objective: We evaluate whether a combination of a 1-hour high-sensitivity cardiac troponin algorithm and History, ECG, Age, Risk Factors, and Troponin (HEART) score reduces admission rate (primary outcome) and affects time to discharge, health care-related costs, and 30-day outcome (secondary outcomes) in patients with symptoms suggestive of an acute coronary syndrome.Methods: This prospective observational multicenter study was conducted before (2013 to 2014) and after (2015 to 2016) implementation of a strategy including level of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T or I at 0 and 1 hour, combined with the HEART score. Patients with a nonelevated baseline high-sensitivity cardiac troponin level, a 1-hour change in high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T level less than 3 ng/L, or high-sensitivity cardiac troponin I level less than 6 ng/L and a HEART score less than or equal to 3 were considered to be ruled out of having acute coronary syndrome. A logistic regression analysis was performed to adjust for differences in baseline characteristics.Results: A total of 1,233 patients were included at 6 centers. There were no differences in regard to median age (64 versus 63 years) and proportion of men (57% versus 54%) between the periods. After introduction of the new strategy, the admission rate decreased from 59% to 33% (risk ratio 0.55 [95% confidence interval {CI} 0.48 to 0.63]; odds ratio 0.33 [95% CI 0.26 to 0.42]; adjusted odds ratio 0.33 [95% CI 0.25 to 0.42]). The median hospital stay was reduced from 23.2 to 4.7 hours (95% CI of difference -20.4 to -11.4); median health care-related costs, from $1,748 to $1,079 (95% CI of difference -$953 to -$391). The number of clinical events was very low.Conclusion: In this before-after study, clinical implementation of a 1-hour high-sensitivity cardiac troponin algorithm combined with the HEART score was associated with a reduction in admission rate and health care burden, with very low rates of adverse clinical events.
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| 26. |
- Ljung, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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Sensitivity of undetectable level of high-sensitivity troponin T at presentation in a large non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction cohort of early presenters
- 2019
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Cardiology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0167-5273 .- 1874-1754. ; 284, s. 6-11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic sensitivity for myocardial infarction (MI) when using an undetectable level of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT < 5 ng/L) at presentation combined with a non-ischemic electrocardiogram (ECG), to rule out MI in a non-ST-segment elevation MI (NSTEMI) cohort presenting ≤2 h from symptom onset. We also aimed to compare baseline characteristics and 30-day outcome in NSTEMI patients presenting with and without hs-cTnT < 5 ng/L.METHODS: All patients admitted to five centers in Sweden 2011-2015, after the introduction of hs-cTnT, who presented ≤2 h from symptom onset and received a final diagnosis of NSTEMI, were identified through the SWEDEHEART registry. These data and data of hs-cTnT levels were verified in the hospitals' medical records. The registry provided baseline and outcome data.RESULTS: Twenty-four (2.6%) of 911 NSTEMI patients presented with hs-cTnT < 5 ng/L. In patients presenting >1-≤2 h from symptom onset the sensitivity for MI when combining hs-cTnT and ECG was 99.4% (95% CI 98.4%-99.8%). In patients presenting ≤1 h, and in patients aged ≤65 years without prior MI, the sensitivity was insufficient. NSTEMI patients presenting with hs-cTnT < 5 ng/L were younger and had less often a prior MI. A total of 62.5 vs. 63.5% of the NSTEMI patients presenting with and without hs-cTnT < 5 ng/L underwent revascularization within 30 days and 4.5 and 3.2% died respectively.CONCLUSIONS: Hs-cTnT < 5 ng/L at presentation combined with a non-ischemic ECG may be used to rule out MI in patients presenting as early as >1 h from symptom onset with a sufficient sensitivity.
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| 27. |
- Löfmark, Henrik, et al.
(författare)
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HEART-score can be simplified without loss of discriminatory power in patients with chest pain : Introducing the HET-score
- 2023
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Ingår i: American Journal of Emergency Medicine. - : Elsevier. - 0735-6757 .- 1532-8171. ; 74, s. 104-111
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundThe History, Electrocardiogram (ECG), Age, Risk factors and Troponin, (HEART) score is useful for early risk stratification in chest pain patients. The aim was to validate previous findings that a simplified score using history, ECG and troponin (HET-score) has similar ability to stratify risk.MethodsPatients presenting with chest pain with duration of ≥10 min and an onset of last episode ≤12 h but without ST-segment elevation on ECG at 6 emergency departments were eligible for inclusion. The HEART-score and the simplified HET-score were calculated. The endpoint was a composite of myocardial infarction (MI) as index diagnosis, readmission due to new MI or death within 30 days.ResultsHEART-score identified 32% as low risk (0-2p), 47% as intermediate risk (3-5p), and 20% as high risk (6-10p) patients. The endpoint occurred in 0.5%, 7.3% and 35.7%, respectively. HET-score identified 39%, 42% and 19% as low- (0p), intermediate- (1-2p) and high-risk (3-6p) patients, with the endpoint occurring in 0.6%, 6.2% and 43.2%, respectively.When all variables included in the HEART-score were included in a multivariable logistic regression analysis, only History (OR, CI [95%]): 2.97(2.16–4.09), ECG (1.61[1.14–2.28]) and troponin level (5.21[3.91–6.95]) were significantly associated with cardiovascular events. When HEART- and HET-score were compared in a ROC-analysis, HET-score had a significantly larger AUC (0.887 vs 0.853, p < 0.001).ConclusionsCompared with HEART-score, HET-score is simpler and appears to have similar ability to discriminate between chest pain patients with and without cardiovascular event.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Magnusson, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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Quality of life of prosthetic and orthotic users in South India : A cross-sectional study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1477-7525. ; 17:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: The aim of this study was to compare QOL among people in India using lower-limb prostheses or orthoses with people without disability. A further aim was to compare subgroups and investigate whether QOL was associated with physical disability, gender, income, living area, and education. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire study in which the World Health Organization Quality of Life-Bref was used to collect self-reported data. A total of 277 participants from India were included, 155 with disability and 122 without. Group comparisons were conducted using the Mann-Whitney U and the Kruskal-Wallis tests and associations were explored using regression analyses of the four QOL domains: physical health, psychological, social relationships, and environment. Results: Participants with physical disability scored significantly lower than did participants without disability in three of the four QOL domains, i.e., physical health, (Median 14.29 vs 16.29; p <.001) psychological, (Median 14.67 vs. 15.33; p =.017) and environment (Median13.00 vs 14.00; p =.006). For people with disability those with no or irregular income and those not attending school having the lowest QOL scores in all four domains. Education was associated with all four QOL domains and income was associated with psychological and environment. Living in urban slums was associated with a higher risk of lower QOL in three QOL domains, i.e., physical health, psychology, and environment. Conclusions: Despite rehabilitation services, people with physical disability experienced lower QOL in terms of the physical health, psychological, and environmental domains than did people without disability. Community-based rehabilitation programmes for prosthetic and orthotic users need to increase and improve their rehabilitation services to increase income and improve access to education. Priority could be given to those who have no or irregular income, live in urban slums, and have not attended school to further improve their QOL.
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| 30. |
- Manniche, Jesper, et al.
(författare)
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Destination: A circular tourism economy : a handbook for transitioning toward a circular economy within the tourism and hospitality sectors in the South Baltic Region
- 2017. - 1
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Bok (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- This handbook provides an overall understanding of the concept of the circular economy and of the societal dynamics through which innovations and transitioning processes towards a circular economy are realised. It describes and discusses the specific economic and political context for applying and developing the circular economy in the CIRTOINNO project. The specific contexts are the tourism sectors in the South Baltic partner regions. It investigates and discusses the opportunities for small and medium-sized tourism businesses to adopt circular economy ideas, and to identify possible ‘good practices’ among tourism SMEs in developing and applying circular economy solutions, especially in relation to the fields of foci of the CIRTOINNO project: accommodation, food and spa services.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
- Mattsson, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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Functional Diversity Facilitates Stability Under Environmental Changes in an Outdoor Microalgal Cultivation System
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2296-4185. ; 9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Functionally uniform monocultures have remained the paradigm in microalgal cultivation despite the apparent challenges to avoid invasions by other microorganisms. A mixed microbial consortium approach has the potential to optimize and maintain biomass production despite of seasonal changes and to be more resilient toward contaminations. Here we present a 3-year outdoor production of mixed consortia of locally adapted microalgae and bacteria in cold temperate latitude. Microalgal consortia were cultivated in flat panel photobioreactors using brackish Baltic Sea water and CO2 from a cement factory (Degerhamn, Cementa AB, Heidelberg Cement Group) as a sustainable CO2 source. To evaluate the ability of the microbial consortia to maintain stable biomass production while exposed to seasonal changes in both light and temperature, we tracked changes in the microbial community using molecular methods (16S and 18S rDNA amplicon sequencing) and monitored the biomass production and quality (lipid, protein, and carbohydrate content) over 3 years. Despite changes in environmental conditions, the mixed consortia maintained stable biomass production by alternating between two different predominant green microalgae (Monoraphidium and Mychonastes) with complementary tolerance to temperature. The bacterial population was few taxa co-occured over time and the composition did not have any connection to the shifts in microalgal taxa. We propose that a locally adapted and mixed microalgal consortia, with complementary traits, can be useful for optimizing yield of commercial scale microalgal cultivation.
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
- Moberg, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten
- 2022
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Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000.
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
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| 35. |
- Nowrouzian, Forough, 1957, et al.
(författare)
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Staphylococcus aureus sequence type (ST) 45, ST30, and ST15 in the gut microbiota of healthy infants - persistence and population counts in relation to ST and virulence gene carriage
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0934-9723 .- 1435-4373. ; 42, s. 267-276
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Staphylococcus aureus colonizes the anterior nares, and also the gut, particularly in infants. S. aureus is divided into lineages, termed clonal complexes (CCs), which comprise closely related sequence types (STs). While CC30 and CC45 predominate among nasal commensals, their prevalence among gut-colonizing S. aureus is unknown. Here, 67 gut commensal S. aureus strains from 49 healthy Swedish infants (aged 3 days to 12 months) were subjected to multi-locus sequence typing. The STs of these strains were related to their virulence gene profiles, time of persistence in the microbiota, and fecal population counts. Three STs predominated: ST45 (22% of the strains); ST15 (21%); and ST30 (18%). In a logistic regression, ST45 strains showed higher fecal population counts than the others, independent of virulence gene carriage. The lower fecal counts of ST15 were linked to the carriage of fib genes (encoding fibrinogen-binding proteins), while those of ST30 were linked to fib and sea (enterotoxin A) carriage. While only 11% of the ST15 and ST30 strains were acquired after 2 months of age, this was true of 53% of the ST45 strains (p = 0.008), indicating that the former may be less fit for establishment in a more mature microbiota. None of the ST45 strains was transient (persisting < 3 weeks), and persistent ST45 strains colonized for significantly longer periods than persistent strains of other STs (mean, 34 vs 22 weeks, p = 0.04). Our results suggest that ST45 strains are well-adapted for commensal gut colonization in infants, reflecting yet-unidentified traits of these strains.
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| 36. |
- Pettersson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Experiences of a One-hour Algorithm in Chest Pain Patients With a Nonelevated Troponin T at Presentation.
- 2018
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Ingår i: Critical Pathways in Cardiology. - 1535-282X .- 1535-2811. ; 17:1, s. 6-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: We aimed to evaluate the use of a 1-hour measurement of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) in an emergency department (ED) population of chest pain patients with a nonelevated baseline hs-cTnT and to examine the prevalence of early dynamic changes in hs-cTnT and the association with admission rate, diagnosis, and outcome.Methods: All patients with a chief complaint of chest pain presenting to the ED of Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden, from December 2014 to September 2015 who had a baseline hs-cTnT of ≤14 ng/L and a second value obtained within >30 to ≤90 minutes were followed for 30 days regarding admission, readmission, myocardial infarction (MI), and death.Results: A total of 1091 patients were included. Dynamic 1-hour changes in hs-cTnT defined as an increase or decrease of ≥3 ng/L occurred in 23 patients (2.1%). Fifteen patients (65.2%) in the dynamic group were admitted, compared with 148 patients (13.9%) in the nondynamic group (P < 0.001). Four of the admitted patients (26.7%) in the dynamic and 1 (0.7%) in the nondynamic group were diagnosed with an MI (P < 0.001). No death or MI occurred within 30 days among those discharged from the ED.Conclusions: Dynamic 1-hour changes in hs-cTnT were uncommon but associated with a higher rate of admission and of MI in an unselected population of chest pain patients with a nonelevated hs-cTnT at presentation. Lack of dynamic changes makes MI highly unlikely, and a 1-hour measurement may facilitate an early rule out of MI but should be used together with clinical assessment.
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| 37. |
- Pettersson, Karin, et al.
(författare)
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Holistic methodological framework for assessing the benefits of delivering industrial excess heat to a district heating network
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Energy Research. - : John Wiley and Sons Ltd. - 0363-907X .- 1099-114X. ; 44:4, s. 2634-2651
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In Sweden, over 50% of building heating requirements are covered by district heating. Approximately 8% of the heat supply to district heating systems comes from excess heat from industrial processes. Many studies indicate that there is a potential to substantially increase this share, and policies promoting energy efficiency and greenhouse gas emissions reduction provide incentives to do this. Quantifying the medium and long-term economic and carbon footprint benefits of such investments is difficult because the background energy system against which new investments should be assessed is also expected to undergo significant change as a result of the aforementioned policies. Furthermore, in many cases, the district heating system has already invested or is planning to invest in non-fossil heat sources such as biomass-fueled boilers or CHP units. This paper proposes a holistic methodological framework based on energy market scenarios for assessing the long-term carbon footprint and economic benefits of recovering excess heat from industrial processes for use in district heating systems. In many studies of industrial excess heat, it is assumed that all emissions from the process plant are allocated to the main products, and none to the excess heat. The proposed methodology makes a distinction between unavoidable excess heat and excess heat that could be avoided by increased heat recovery at the plant site, in which case it is assumed that a fraction of the plant emissions should be allocated to the exported heat. The methodology is illustrated through a case study of a chemical complex located approximately 50 km from the city of Gothenburg on the West coast of Sweden, from which substantial amounts of excess heat could be recovered and delivered to heat to the city's district heating network which aims to be completely fossil-free by 2030.
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| 38. |
- Peyrard-Janvid, Myriam, et al.
(författare)
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Dominant Mutations in GRHL3 Cause Van der Woude Syndrome and Disrupt Oral Periderm Development
- 2014
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Ingår i: American Journal of Human Genetics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0002-9297 .- 1537-6605. ; 94:1, s. 23-32
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mutations in interferon regulatory factor 6 (IRF6) account for similar to 70% of cases of Van der Woude syndrome (VWS), the most common syndromic form of cleft lip and palate. In 8 of 45 VWS-affected families lacking a mutation in IRF6, we found coding mutations in grainyhead-like 3 (GRHL3). According to a zebrafish-based assay, the disease-associated GRHL3 mutations abrogated periderm development and were consistent with a dominant-negative effect, in contrast to haploinsufficiency seen in most VWS cases caused by IRF6 mutations. In mouse, all embryos lacking Grhl3 exhibited abnormal oral periderm and 17% developed a cleft palate. Analysis of the oral phenotype of double heterozygote (Irf6(+/-);Grhl3(+/-)) murine embryos failed to detect epistasis between the two genes, suggesting that they function in separate but convergent pathways during palatogenesis. Taken together, our data demonstrated that mutations in two genes, IRF6 and GRHL3, can lead to nearly identical phenotypes of orofacial cleft. They supported the hypotheses that both genes are essential for the presence of a functional oral periderm and that failure of this process contributes to VWS.
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| 39. |
- Piculell, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Controlling structure in associating polymer-surfactant mixtures
- 2007
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Ingår i: Pure and Applied Chemistry. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 0033-4545 .- 1365-3075. ; 79:8, s. 1419-1434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Structures of concentrated mixtures of associating polymer-surfactant mixtures are important in many technical applications. Yet an in-depth understanding of how molecular parameters affect these structures is lacking. We here summarize the results of ongoing work using a novel simplified approach to the study of associating oppositely charged polymer-surfactant mixtures, introducing a minimum number of components to the various mixtures. The results illustrate the relations between systems with and without polyions, as well as effects of systematic changes of parameters such as surfactant chain length, polyion length, polyion charge density, and the charge density of the surfactant aggregate.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Ponnert, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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Standardisation—the end of professional discretion?
- 2016
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Ingår i: European Journal of Social Work. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1369-1457 .- 1468-2664. ; 19:3/4, s. 586-599
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article analyses and discusses standardisation in human service organisations and its implications for professionals and for professionalism in social work. The theoretical framework derives from neo-institutional theory and theories regarding professionalism. By highlighting the role of professionals within a field influenced by organisational demands and market endeavour, this article contributes to the understanding of increased standardisation as a way to reduce uncertainty and enhance legitimacy for human service organisations, but at the expense of traditional professional discretion. This development has been interpreted as de-professionalisation and as an adjustment to organisational demands. It could also be seen as a professional strategy to strengthen professional trust and provide a sense of certainty for professionals. It can also lead to professional uncertainty about how to handle the discretion in the light of standardised tools. This development might, depending on the organisational context and the individual professional’s choices, result in a manual-mental specialised professionalism as well as a strictly mechanical form of work. Standardisation thus puts high demands on professionals and how they use the professional discretion, since professionalism requires professionals capable of handling a mix of logics without totally yielding discretionary power and making professional judgement.
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| 48. |
- Ponnert, Lina, et al.
(författare)
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Standardisering som lösning
- 2015
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Ingår i: Människobehandlande organisationer. Villkor för ledning, styrning och professionellt välfärdsarbete.. - 9789127136311 ; , s. 214-230
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 49. |
- Sauveroche, Mathilde, et al.
(författare)
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Hair cortisol in horses (Equus caballus) in relation to management regimes, personality and breed
- 2020
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Ingår i: Journal of Veterinary Behavior. - : Elsevier. - 1558-7878. ; 37
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Hair cortisol is a promising biomarker to measure long-term stress since cortisol is incorporated into the hair shaft as it grows. However, few studies have previously assessed hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) in horses. In this study, HCC was evaluated in both mane hair from the neck and body hair from the withers in 153 horses of different breeds, from seven different stables with three different management regimes (Free-roaming horses, Riding school horses, Trotter horses). In addition, 4 hours of behavioral observations were performed at each stable, and for 43 of the horses, a personality survey was completed. Mane and withers HCC correlated moderately, but significantly (rs=0.48, p<0.001). Differences between the stables were found for both mane and withers hair (both p<0.01) and the stable with lowest HCC also showed highest occurrences of positive social and resting behaviors (both p<0.01). There were no significant differences in HCC between the management regimes even though Free-roaming horses showed less negative social behavior compared to Riding school horses (p=0.041) and Trotter horses (p=0.055). The personality traits Dominance, Anxiousness, and Excitability revealed weak to moderate correlations with mane HCC (rs=-0.34, p=0.027; rs=-0.46, p=0.002; rs=-0.31, p=0.043 respectively) which might suggest that personality could also be related to long-term stress levels in horses.
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| 50. |
- Selvakkumaran, Sujeetha, et al.
(författare)
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How are business models capturing flexibility in the District Energy (DE) grid?
- 2021
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Ingår i: Energy Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-4847. ; 7, s. 263-272
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Flexibility in the energy system has been studied previously but few results have been implemented in district energy (DE) pricing models. This means that pricing models are not accounting for existing information making them less efficient than they need to be. We have studied if and how business models of DE firms capture flexibility in the DE grid and suggest price model updates to harvest flexibility. A systematic literature search with content analysis of resulting scientific peer-reviewed publications and project reports has been performed. Thereby, the different business models which have been described in the literature have been categorized. Based on literature, efficient price models have been identified. Another source of information is six demonstrators aiming at generating knowledge about DE flexibility. They are part of the Flexi-sync Project (ERA-Net). Findings show that most DE grids are slow to recognize and capture flexibility that can be catalyzed through end-users, thermal inertia, heat pumps and other. Similarly, DE firms employ a marginal cost logic to determine whether flexibility should be operationalized, and often their business models and price models are not oriented towards expressing that value logic to their customers. We identify that there is a potential for DE companies to further capitalize on flexibility in the energy system. By inclusion of flexibility incentives in price models a win-win can be established by cutting operational costs for the DE provider and energy consumption of the end-user.
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