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1.	Afghahi, Henri, 1966, et al. (författare) Ongoing treatment with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-blocking agents does not predict normoalbuminuric renal impairment in a general type 2 diabetes population. 2013 Ingår i: Journal of diabetes and its complications. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-460X .- 1056-8727. ; 27:3, s. 229-34 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract AIM: To examine the prevalence and the clinical characteristics associated with normoalbuminuric renal impairment (RI) in a general type 2 diabetes (T2D) population. METHODS: We included 94 446 patients with T2D (56% men, age 68.3±11.6years, BMI 29.6±5.3kg/m(2), diabetes duration 8.5±7.1years; means±SD) with renal function (serum creatinine) reported to the Swedish National Diabetes Register (NDR) in 2009. RI was defined as estimated glomerular filtration (eGFR)<60ml/min/1.73m(2) and albuminuria as a urinary albumin excretion rate (AER)>20μg/min. We linked the NDR to the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register, and the Swedish Cause of Death and the Hospital Discharge Register to evaluate ongoing medication and clinical outcomes. RESULTS: 17% of the patients had RI, and 62% of these patients were normoalbuminuric. This group of patients had better metabolic control, lower BMI, lower systolic blood pressure and were more often women, non-smokers and more seldom had a history of cardiovascular disease as compared with patients with albuminuric RI. 28% of the patients with normoalbuminuric RI had no ongoing treatment with any RAAS-blocking agent. Retinopathy was most common in patients with RI and albuminuria (31%). CONCLUSIONS: The majority of patients with type 2 diabetes and RI were normoalbuminuric despite the fact that 25% of these patients had no ongoing treatment with RAAS-blocking agents. Thus, RI in many patients with type 2 diabetes is likely to be caused by other factors than diabetic microvascular disease and ongoing RAAS-blockade.
2.	Birkebaek, Niels H., et al. (författare) Letter: Center Size and Glycemic Control: An International Study With 504 Centers From Seven Countries in DIABETES CARE, vol 42, issue 3, pp E37-E39 2019 Ingår i: Diabetes Care. - : AMER DIABETES ASSOC. - 0149-5992 .- 1935-5548. ; 42:3, s. E37-E39 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract n/a
3.	Charalampopoulos, Dimitrios, et al. (författare) Exploring Variation in Glycemic Control Across and Within Eight High-Income Countries: A Cross-sectional Analysis of 64,666 Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes 2018 Ingår i: Diabetes Care. - : AMER DIABETES ASSOC. - 0149-5992 .- 1935-5548. ; 41:6, s. 1180-1187 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract OBJECTIVE International studies on childhood type 1 diabetes (T1D) have focused on whole-country mean HbA(1c) levels, thereby concealing potential variations within countries. We aimed to explore the variations in HbA(1c) across and within eight high-income countries to best inform international benchmarking and policy recommendations. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Data were collected between 2013 and 2014 from 64,666 children with T1D who were amp;lt; 18 years of age across 528 centers in Germany, Austria, England, Wales, U.S., Sweden, Denmark, and Norway. We used fixed-and random-effects models adjusted for age, sex, diabetes duration, and minority status to describe differences between center means and to calculate the proportion of total variation in HbA(1c) levels that is attributable to between-center differences (intraclass correlation [ICC]). We also explored the association between within-center variation and childrens glycemic control. RESULTS Sweden had the lowest mean HbA(1c) (59mmol/mol [7.6%]) and together with Norway and Denmark showed the lowest between-center variations (ICC amp;lt;= 4%). Germany and Austria had the next lowest mean HbA(1c) (61-62 mmol/mol [7.7-7.8%]) but showed the largest center variations (ICC similar to 15%). Centers in England, Wales, and the U.S. showed low-to-moderate variation around high mean values. In pooled analysis, differences between counties remained significant after adjustment for children characteristics and center effects (P value amp;lt; 0.001). Across all countries, children attending centers with more variable glycemic results had higher HbA(1c) levels (5.6mmol/mol [0.5%] per 5mmol/mol [0.5%] increase in center SD of HbA(1c) values of all children attending a specific center). CONCLUSIONS A tsimilar average levels of HbA(1c), countries display different levels of center variation. The distribution of glycemic achievement within countries should be considered in developing informed policies that drive quality improvement.
4.	Dedering, Asa, et al. (författare) The Effects of Neck-Specific Training Versus Prescribed Physical Activity on Pain and Disability in Patients With Cervical Radiculopathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial 2018 Ingår i: Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. - : W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC. - 0003-9993 .- 1532-821X. ; 99:12, s. 2447-2456 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objective: To compare the effects of a neck-specific training program to prescribed physical activity with both groups receiving a cognitive behavioral approach, on pain and disability in patients with cervical radiculopathy (CR). Design: Parallel-group randomized clinical trial with follow-up at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. Setting: Recruitment and assessments of participants were performed at a university hospital. Interventions were performed in primary care setting at outpatient physiotherapy clinics. Participants: Patients (N=144) with CR were recruited to participate in this clinical trial. Interventions: Patients were randomly assigned to 3 months of either of a neck-specific training program or prescribed physical activity. Main Outcome Measures: Primary outcomes included self-rated neck and arm pain as collected by the visual analog scale (VAS). Secondary outcomes were self-rated headache measured with the VAS, the Neck Disability Index, the EuroQol 5D, the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire, and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. Assessments were performed at baseline and at 3-, 6-, 12-, and 24-month follow-up periods. Results: Intention-to-treat and per-protocol analyses showed no significant interaction (group x time) or group effects. There were, however, significant time effects indicating improvement over time for both groups for all outcomes except for levels of depression. Conclusions: The study revealed that neck-specific training as well as prescribed physical activity both including additional cognitive behavioral approach decreased the pain in patients with CR, that is, participants improved regardless of the intervention received. There is a lack of consensus of how to best manage individuals with CR. However, our findings suggest that CR has a natural favorable long-term outcome when patients are prescribed neck-specific training and exercise in combination with a behavioral approach. (C) 2018 by the American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine
5.	Gad, Helge, et al. (författare) MTH1 inhibition eradicates cancer by preventing sanitation of the dNTP pool 2014 Ingår i: Nature. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 508:7495, s. 215-221 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Cancers have dysfunctional redox regulation resulting in reactive oxygen species production, damaging both DNA and free dNTPs. The MTH1 protein sanitizes oxidized dNTP pools to prevent incorporation of damaged bases during DNA replication. Although MTH1 is non-essential in normal cells, we show that cancer cells require MTH1 activity to avoid incorporation of oxidized dNTPs, resulting in DNA damage and cell death. We validate MTH1 as an anticancer target in vivo and describe small molecules TH287 and TH588 as first-in-class nudix hydrolase family inhibitors that potently and selectively engage and inhibit the MTH1 protein in cells. Protein co-crystal structures demonstrate that the inhibitors bindin the active site of MTH1. The inhibitors cause incorporation of oxidized dNTPs in cancer cells, leading to DNA damage, cytotoxicity and therapeutic responses in patient-derived mouse xenografts. This study exemplifies the non-oncogene addiction concept for anticancer treatment and validates MTH1 as being cancer phenotypic lethal.
6.	Glantz, Maria, et al. (författare) Impact of protease and lipase activities on quality of Swedish raw milk 2020 Ingår i: International Dairy Journal. - : Elsevier BV. - 0958-6946. ; 107 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract An increasing demand for dairy products with long shelf-life is foreseen. A limiting factor for maintaining high quality of these products is the activity of spoilage enzymes during storage. Lipase and protease activities in Swedish raw milk at farm and dairy level were investigated, analysing milk samples from three geographical regions and two seasons. Lipase activity in milk at farm level was affected by regional and seasonal variations, whereas at dairy level only season had an effect. Lipase activity was positively correlated with ionic calcium. For protease activity, no effect of either region or season was seen. Degradation products, e.g., free fatty acids, peptides and plasmin proteolysis products, varied differently between season and geographical origin at both farm and dairy level. The results indicate that lipase and protease activities are important for raw milk quality, while ionic calcium might be a future indicator for milk fat stability.
7.	Holmer,, et al. (författare) Fracture Incidence in GH-Deficient Patients on Complete Hormone Replacement Including GH. 2007 Ingår i: J Bone Miner Res. - : Wiley. - 0884-0431. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Microabstract Fracture risk in growth hormone-deficient (GHD) patients is not definitely established. Investigating fracture incidence in 832 patients on growth hormone (GH) therapy and 2,581 matched population controls, we recorded a doubled fracture risk in childhood onset (CO) GHD women, but a significantly lower fracture risk in adult onset (AO) GHD men.
8.	Holmer, Helene, et al. (författare) Fracture incidence in GH-deficient patients on complete hormone replacement including GH 2007 Ingår i: Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. - : Wiley. - 0884-0431 .- 1523-4681. ; 22:12, s. 1842-1850 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Fracture risk in GHD patients is not definitely established. Studying fracture incidence in 832 patients on GH therapy and 2581 matched population controls, we recorded a doubled fracture risk in CO GHD women, but a significantly lower fracture risk in AO GHD men. Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate fracture incidence in patients wilh confirmed growth hormone deficiency (GHD) on replacement therapy (including growth hormone [GH]) compared with population controls, while also taking potential confounders and effect modifiers into account. Materials and Methods: Eight hundred thirty-two patients with GHD and 2581 matched population controls answered a questionnaire about fractures and other background information. Incidence rate ratio (IRR) and 95% CI for first fracture were estimated. The median time on GH therapy for childhood onset (CO) GHD men and women was 15 and 12 yr, respectively, and 6 and 5 yr for adult onset (AO) GHD men and women, respectively. Results: A more than doubled risk (IRR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.23-4.28) for nonosteoporotic fractures was recorded in women with CO GHD, whereas no risk increase was observed among CO GHD men (IRR. 0.61) and AO GHD women (IRR, 1.08). A significantly decreased incidence of fractures (IRR, 0.54; 95% CI 0.34-0.86) was recorded in AO GHD men. Conclusions: Increased fracture risk in CO GHD women can most likely be explained by interaction between oral estrogen and the GH-IGF-I axis. The adequate substitution rate of testosterone (90%) and GH (94%) may have resulted in significantly lower fracture risk in AO GHD men.
9.	Holmer, Helene, et al. (författare) Nonfatal stroke, cardiac disease, and diabetes mellitus in hypopituitary patients on hormone replacement including growth hormone 2007 Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 1945-7197 .- 0021-972X. ; 92:9, s. 3560-3567 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Context: The impact of long-term GH replacement on cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus in hypopituitary patients is unknown. Objective: The incidence of nonfatal stroke and cardiac events, and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus ( T2D) and cardioprotective medication were compared between cohorts of GH-deficient (GHD) patients and population controls. Design and Participants: The incidence of nonfatal stroke and cardiac events was estimated retrospectively from questionnaires in 750 GHD patients and 2314 matched population controls. A prevalence of T2D and cardioprotective medication was recorded at the distribution of questionnaires. Time since first pituitary deficiency to start of GH therapy was 4 and 2 yr, and time on GH therapy was 6 yr for GHD women and men, respectively. Results: Lifelong incidence of nonfatal stroke was tripled in GHD women and doubled in GHD men, but a decline was seen in both genders during periods after first pituitary hormone deficiency and GHD, during which most patients had GH therapy. The lifelong incidence of nonfatal cardiac events declined in GHD men during first pituitary hormone deficiency and GHD periods. GHD women had a higher prevalence of T2D and lipid-lowering medication, whereas GHD men had a higher prevalence of antihypertensive medication. Conclusions: The declined risks of nonfatal stroke in both genders and of nonfatal cardiac events in GHD men during periods on GH replacement may be caused by prescription of cardioprotective drugs and 6-yr GH replacement. GHD women had an increased prevalence of T2D, partly attributed to higher body mass index and lower physical activity.
10.	Holmer, Helene, et al. (författare) Psychosocial health and levels of employment in 851 hypopituitary Swedish patients on long-term GH therapy 2013 Ingår i: Psychoneuroendocrinology. - : Elsevier. - 0306-4530 .- 1873-3360. ; 38:6, s. 842-852 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Context: The psychosocial health and working capacity in hypopituitary patients receiving long-term growth hormone (GH) therapy are unknown. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanObjective: Psychosocial health and levels of employment were compared between GH deficient (GHD) patients on long-term replacement and the general population. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanDesign and participants: In a Swedish nationwide study, 851 GHD patients [101 childhood onset (CO) and 750 adult onset (AO)] and 2622 population controls answered a questionnaire regarding current living, employment and educational level, alcohol consumption and smoking habits. The median time on GH therapy for both men and women with CO GHD was 9 years and for AO GHD 6 years, respectively. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanResults: As compared to the controls, the GHD patients were less often working full time, more often on sick leave/disability pension, and to a larger extent alcohol abstainers and never smokers (all; P andlt; 0.05). Predominantly CO GHD women and men, but to some extent also AO GHD women and men, lived less frequently with a partner and more often with their parents. Particularly AO GHD craniopharyngioma women used more antidepressants, while AO GHD men with a craniopharyngioma used more analgesics. less thanbrgreater than less thanbrgreater thanConclusions: A working capacity to the level of the general population was not achieved among hypopituitary patients, although receiving long-term GH therapy. Patients were less likely to use alcohol and tobacco. The CO GHD population lived a less independent life.
11.	Hopkins, Francis, et al. (författare) Pentameric C-reactive protein is a better prognostic biomarker and remains elevated for longer than monomeric CRP in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 2023 Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : FRONTIERS MEDIA SA. - 1664-3224. ; 14 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The differing roles of the pentameric (p) and monomeric (m) C-reactive protein (CRP) isoforms in viral diseases are not fully understood, which was apparent during the COVID-19 pandemic regarding the clinical course of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Herein, we investigated the predictive value of the pCRP and mCRP isoforms for COVID-19 severity in hospitalized patients and evaluated how the levels of the protein isoforms changed over time during and after acute illness. This study utilized samples from a well-characterized cohort of Swedish patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection, the majority of whom had known risk factors for severe COVID-19 and required hospitalization. The levels of pCRP were significantly raised in patients with severe COVID-19 and in contrast to mCRP the levels were significantly associated with disease severity. Additionally, the pCRP levels remained elevated for at least six weeks post inclusion, which was longer compared to the two weeks for mCRP. Our data indicates a low level of inflammation lasting for at least six weeks following COVID-19, which might indicate that the disease has an adverse effect on the immune system even after the viral infection is resolved. It is also clear that the current standard method of testing pCRP levels upon hospitalization is a useful marker for predicting disease severity and mCRP testing would not add any clinical relevance for patients with COVID-19.
12.	Madhan, Sivaranjani, et al. (författare) Associations between Temporomandibular Disorders, Pain, Jaw and Masticatory Function in Dentofacial Deformity Patients : a Cross-sectional Study. 2023 Ingår i: Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1365-2842. ; 50:9, s. 746-757 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract BACKGROUND: Patients with dentofacial deformity often present with impaired masticatory function, orofacial pain, and temporomandibular disorders (TMD). This study investigates the relationship between TMD, pain, jaw, and masticatory function at different stages of orthognathic surgical (OS) treatment.METHOD: A total of 120 OS patients were prospectively recruited and grouped as pre-orthodontic (group 1), pre-surgery (group 2), 4-month post-surgery (group 3), 24-month post-surgery (group 4), in addition to 30 controls (group 0). Outcomes were assessed using: Jaw Function Limitation Scale (JFLS), McGill pain questionnaire, DC/TMD instrument, voluntary maximum bite force (MVBF), and masticatory efficiency (ME) using two-colored chewing gum. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling.RESULTS: The prevalence of non-painful TMD did not differ between groups (P = 0.827). However, the prevalence of painful TMD differed between groups (P = 0.001). Amongst the painful TMDs, the highest prevalence was observed for masseter myalgia in group 2 (P = 0.031), and importantly group 4 did not differ from group 0 (P = 0.948). The MPQ score was significantly higher in group 1 (P = 0.001) compared to group 0, and the JFLS score was significantly higher in group 1, 2 and 3 compared to group 0. Notably MPQ (P = 0.756) and JFLS (P = 0.572) scores in group 4 were not different from group 0. However, MVBF (P = 0.996) and ME (P = 0.991) did not differ between groups 1 and 4. Association of self-reported pain and jaw function with masticatory function was observed in OS patients.CONCLUSION: OS was not associated with a negative impact on TMD. Jaw function and pain levels were similar to controls at the 24-month follow-up. Masticatory function was further affected by the surgery and seems to require a longer recovery time. Moreover, it was confirmed that pain and TMD were associated with limitations in jaw function and impacts on masticatory function.
13.	Madhan, Sivaranjani, et al. (författare) Health-related quality of life, jaw function and sleep-disordered breathing among patients with dentofacial deformity 2024 Ingår i: Journal of Oral Rehabilitation. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0305-182X. ; 51:4, s. 684-694 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background and ObjectivesPatients with dentofacial deformity (DFD) requiring orthognathic treatment have poor aesthetics, jaw function and psychological well-being, which potentially affect the quality of life. This study aimed to investigate the health-related general, oral and orthognathic quality of life, jaw function and sleep-disordered breathing at different stages of orthognathic surgical treatment.MethodsA total of 120 consecutive patients with DFD were recruited and grouped as pre-orthodontic treatment (group 1), pre-surgery (group 2), 4 months post-surgery (group 3), 24 months post-surgery (group 4) and in addition 30 controls without DFD (group 0). Outcomes were assessed using general health Short Form Survey (SF-36), Oral Health Impact (OHIP-14), Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ), STOP-Bang and Jaw Function Limitation Scale (JFLS) questionnaires. In addition, presence or absence of pain was recorded. Data were tested with analysis of variance, Kruskal-Wallis test, Tukey post hoc test and structural equation modelling (SEM).ResultsResults revealed SF-36 (p = .814) and STOP-Bang (p = .143) total scores did not differ between control and treatment groups. In contrast, OHIP-14, OQLQ and JFLS total scores differed between groups (p = .001). Higher scores were observed in groups 1 (p = .001), 2 (p = .001) and 3 (p = .041) compared to group 0, indicating poor oral health in patients with DFD. Importantly, in group 4, oral health-related quality of life was better, and OHIP-14 (p = .936) and JFLS (p = .572) scores did not differ from controls. OQLQ scores of group 4 were significantly lower than group 1 (p = .001) but higher than group 0 (p = .013). SEM results revealed a significant negative associations of pain with JFLS and OQLQ; OHIP-14 with OQLQ; OHIP-14 with SF-36; and finally STOP-Bang with SF-36. Positive associations were observed between JFLS and OHIP-14; OHIP-14 and OQLQ.ConclusionOral health-related quality of life and jaw function appears to be improved 24 months after orthognathic surgery. Pain and limitation in jaw function had a negative association with health-related quality of life. Through structural modelling equation, we identified negative association of pain and limitation in jaw function with oral health, which further has negative effects on general health in patients with detofacial deformity. Our finding revealed significant decrease in OHIP-14, OQLQ and JFLS scores at 24 months follow-up indicate an improvement in oral health and limitation in jaw function after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery.image
14.	Moberg, Christina, et al. (författare) De unga gör helt rätt när de stämmer staten 2022 Ingår i: Aftonbladet. - 1103-9000. Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract 1 620 forskare och lärare i forskarvärlden: Vi ställer oss bakom Auroras klimatkrav
15.	Prigge, R., et al. (författare) International comparison of glycaemic control in people with type 1 diabetes: an update and extension 2022 Ingår i: Diabetic Medicine. - : Wiley. - 0742-3071 .- 1464-5491. ; 39:5 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Aims: To update and extend a previous cross-sectional international comparison of glycaemic control in people with type 1 diabetes. Methods: Data were obtained for 520,392 children and adults with type 1 diabetes from 17 population and five clinic-based data sources in countries or regions between 2016 and 2020. Median HbA1c(IQR) and proportions of individuals with HbA1c < 58mmol/mol (<7.5%), 58–74mmol/mol (7.5–8.9%) and ≥75mmol/mol (≥9.0%) were compared between populations for individuals aged <15, 15–24 and ≥25 years. Logistic regression was used to estimate the odds ratio (OR) of HbA1c < 58mmol/mol (<7.5%) relative to ≥58mmol/mol (≥7.5%), stratified and adjusted for sex, age and data source. Where possible, changes in the proportion of individuals in each HbA1c category compared to previous estimates were calculated. Results: Median HbA1c varied from 55 to 79mmol/mol (7.2 to 9.4%) across data sources and age groups so a pooled estimate was deemed inappropriate. OR (95% CI) for HbA1c< 58mmol/mol (<7.5%) were 0.91 (0.90–0.92) for women compared to men, 1.68 (1.65–1.71) for people aged <15years and 0.81 (0.79–0.82) aged15–24years compared to those aged ≥25years. Differences between populations persisted after adjusting for sex, age and data source. In general, compared to our previous analysis, the proportion of people with an HbA1c<58mmol/l (<7.5%) increased and proportions of people with HbA1c≥ 75mmol/mol (≥9.0%) decreased. Conclusions: Glycaemic control of type 1 diabetes continues to vary substantially between age groups and data sources. While some improvement over time has been observed, glycaemic control remains sub-optimal for most people with Type 1 diabetes.
16.	Reyahi, Azadeh, et al. (författare) An IKBKE variant conferring functional cGAS/STING pathway deficiency and susceptibility to recurrent HSV-2 meningitis. 2023 Ingår i: JCI insight. - 2379-3708. ; 8:21 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The mechanisms underlying susceptibility to recurrent herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) meningitis remain incompletely understood. In a patient experiencing multiple episodes of HSV-2 meningitis, we identified a monoallelic variant in the IKBKE gene, which encodes the IKKε kinase involved in induction of antiviral IFN genes. Patient cells displayed impaired induction of IFN-β1 (IFNB1) expression upon infection with HSV-2 or stimulation with double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) and failed to induce phosphorylation of STING, an activation marker of the DNA-sensing cyclic GMP-AMP synthase/stimulator of IFN genes (cGAS/STING) pathway. The patient allele encoded a truncated IKKε protein with loss of kinase activity and also capable of exerting dominant-negative activity. In stem cell-derived microglia, HSV-2-induced expression of IFNB1 was dependent on cGAS, TANK binding kinase 1 (TBK1), and IKBKE, but not TLR3, and supernatants from HSV-2-treated microglia exerted IKBKE-dependent type I IFN-mediated antiviral activity upon neurons. Reintroducing wild-type IKBKE into patient cells rescued IFNB1 induction following treatment with HSV-2 or dsDNA and restored antiviral activity. Collectively, we identify IKKε to be important for protection against HSV-2 meningitis and suggest a nonredundant role for the cGAS/STING pathway in human antiviral immunity.
17.	Svensson, Britt-Marie, 1956-, et al. (författare) Determination of acute toxicity of different types of waste waters 2014 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
18.	Svensson, Britt-Marie, et al. (författare) Determination of acute toxicity of different types of waste waters 2014 Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
19.	Svensson, Britt-Marie, et al. (författare) Leachability testing of sludge from street gullies 2006 Ingår i: Waste Management & Research. - 1096-3669 .- 0734-242X. ; 24:3, s. 260-268 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Sludge from gullies, on two types of streets with different traffic intensity, was investigated using two recommended EU methods for leachability testing of waste: a two-stage batch test and an up-flow percolation test. The main purpose of this investigation was to gain more knowledge about these leaching test methods to be able to make future decisions on the general applicability of the proposed tests. A number of parameters were determined in the sludge as well as in the eluates obtained from the two leaching tests. These include pH, conductivity, dissolved organic carbon and inorganic ions as chloride ions. A number of metals as Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni and Zn, were determined by inductive coupled plasmamass spectrometry and organic compounds were screened by high performance liquid chromatography-diode array UV detection and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. It was found that the concentrations of metals and organic compounds in the sludge were several orders of magnitudes higher than the actual eluate concentrations. For all metals the concentrations were well below the proposed limit values for non-hazardous waste included in the Council decision document 2003/33/EC. Generally, concentrations obtained in batch test were equal or higher than from percolation tests. The repeatability of the percolation and the batch test were in average 28 and 17%, respectively.
20.	Svensson, Emelie, et al. (författare) Success rate of external cephalic version in relation to the womans body mass index and other factors-a population-based cohort study 2021 Ingår i: Acta Obstetricia et Gynecologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-6349 .- 1600-0412. ; 100:12, s. 2260-2267 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Introduction The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of womens body mass index (BMI) on the probability of a successful external cephalic version (ECV). Material and methods A retrospective population-based observational study including all women that underwent an ECV in the southeast region of Sweden from January 2014 to December 2019. Data were collected from electronic medical records, Obstetrix, Cerner. The women were divided into BMI categories according to the World Health Organization classification. Women with a BMI below 25 kg/m(2) formed the reference group. Crude and adjusted odds ratios for unsuccessful ECV in each BMI group were calculated using binary logistic regression. Furthermore, the association between maternal characteristics and clinical and ultrasound variables at the time of the ECV and unsuccessful ECV was evaluated. Results A total of 2331 women were included. The overall success rate of ECV was 53.4%. Women with a BMI below 25 kg/m(2) had a success rate of 51.3% whereas obese women had a success rate of 58.6%. The risk of an unsuccessful ECV among obese women (BMI >= 30 kg/m(2)) had an OR of 0.74 (95% CI 0.59-0.94) compared with women with a BMI below 25 kg/m(2). After adjusting for suitable confounding factors, the association was no longer significant. Higher maternal age, multiparity, higher gestational age, posterior placenta position, polyhydramnios and higher estimated weight of the fetus at the ECV significantly decreased the risk of an unsuccessful ECV. Conclusions Maternal obesity does not seem to negatively influence the success rate of ECV. This is a finding that may encourage both caregivers and obese pregnant women to consider an ECV and so avoid a planned cesarean section for breech presentation in this group.
21.	Svensson, Emelie, et al. (författare) Success Rate of External Cephalic Version in Relation to the Womans Body Mass Index and Other Factors-A Population-Based Cohort Study 2022 Ingår i: Obstetrical and Gynecological Survey. - Philadelphia, PA, United States : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0029-7828 .- 1533-9866. ; 77:6, s. 330-331 Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract (Abstracted from Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2021;100:2260–2267)For pregnancies with fetuses in the breech position, external cephalic version (ECV) is used to turn the fetus into a cephalic presentation. The procedure is associated with low complication rates, with the most common being transient fetal heart rate abnormalities, and a success rate up to 65% in various studies.
22.	Svensson, Henric, 1984-, et al. (författare) Acute Toxic Effects Caused by Leachate from Five Different Tree Species on Artemia Salina and Vibro Fischeri 2012 Ingår i: Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy. - : American Scientific Publishers. - 1556-6560 .- 1556-6579. ; 6:2, s. 214-220 Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract Abstract: In this study, leachates resulting from leaching tests carried out with sawdust from five tree species were investigated. The studied species were: Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), European larch (Larix decidua), Norway spruce (Picea abies) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica). The analyses included chemical parameters such as pH, TOC and phenolic compounds (reported as total poly-phenols) and acute toxicity on two different organisms, the crustacean Artemia sauna and the bacteria Vibro fischeri (Microtox (R)). There are very high amounts of different phenolic compounds in the leachate, and large differences between tree species. The leachates produced by sawdust and bark of different tree species presented great variation regarding acute toxicity. V fischeri was more sensitive than A. sauna and leachates from pine sawdust and pine bark produced the highest toxicity response from V fischeri. This study indicates that bark is one component of the tree anatomy that needs to be handled as a potential hazardous material to the aquatic environment. The large variation in toxicity presented by different tree species need to be taken into account when assessing the impacts to surrounding watercourses and constructing wastewater treatment facilities for the wood-based industry such as irrigation water, stormwater runoff from storage areas.
23.	Svensson, Henric, et al. (författare) Acute toxic effects caused by leachate from five different tree species on Artemia Salina and Vibro Fischeri 2012 Ingår i: Journal of Biobased Materials and Bioenergy. - : American Scientific Publishers. - 1556-6560 .- 1556-6579. ; 6:2, s. 214-220 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In this study, leachates resulting from leaching tests carried out with sawdust from five tree species were investigated. The studied species were: Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), European larch (Larix decidua), Norway spruce (Picea abies) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica). The analyses included chemical parameters such as pH, TOC and phenolic compounds (reported as total poly-phenols) and acute toxicity on two different organisms, the crustacean Artemia salina and the bacteria Vibro fischeri (Microtox®). There are very high amounts of different phenolic compounds in the leachate, and large differences between tree species. The leachates produced by sawdust and bark of different tree species presented great variation regarding acute toxicity. V. fischeri was more sensitive than A. salina and leachates from pine sawdust and pine bark produced the highest toxicity response from V. fischeri. This study indicates that bark is one component of the tree anatomy that needs to be handled as a potential hazardous material to the aquatic environment. The large variation in toxicity presented by different tree species need to be taken into account when assessing the impacts to surrounding watercourses and constructing wastewater treatment facilities for the wood-based industry such as irrigation water, stormwater runoff from storage areas.
24.	Svensson, Henric, et al. (författare) Corrigendum : Treatment of wood leachate with high polyphenols content by peat and carbon-containing fly ash filters 2015 Ingår i: Desalination and Water Treatment. - : Desalination Publications. - 1944-3994 .- 1944-3986. ; 54:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In the original online version of the article “Treatment of wood leachate with high polyphenols content by peat and carbon-containing fly ash filters” (DOI: 10.1080/19443994.2013.860883), there were errors in figures 3 and 4. These errors have now been corrected. The correct version has subsequently been published.
25.	Svensson, Henric, et al. (författare) Treatment of wood leachate with high polyphenols content by peat and carbon-containing fly ash filters 2015 Ingår i: Desalination and Water Treatment. - 1944-3994 .- 1944-3986. ; 53:8, s. 2041-2048 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In the present study, two combinations of filter materials in filter/columns were examined for removal of total organic carbon (TOC) and polyphenols (PP) found in storm water runoff from wood storage areas in a wooden floor industry. One filter/column was packed with peat mixed with carbon-containing fly ash, while another filter/column contained only peat (without ash). The mixture of peat and ash has shown faster and higher removal capacity for TOC and faster removal with the same final removal capacity for PP (in grams of pollutant per kg of sorbent) at the saturation point. The superiority observed for the peat and ash filter is presumably due to the unique characteristics of peat and ash, which enhanced the treatment efficiency when used together in a mixture. Based on the observed results, filters formed by peat and carbon-containing ashes proved to be a potentially low-cost option for the treatment of storm water generated at storage areas of wood materials such as logs, sawdust and wood chips.
26.	Svensson, Henric, 1984-, et al. (författare) Treatment of wood leachate with high polyphenols content by peat and carbon-containing fly ash filters 2015 Ingår i: Desalination and Water Treatment. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1944-3994 .- 1944-3986. ; 53:8, s. 2041-2048 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract In the present study, two combinations of filter materials in filter/columns were examined for removal of total organic carbon (TOC) and polyphenols (PP) found in storm water runoff from wood storage areas in a wooden floor industry. One filter/column was packed with peat mixed with carbon-containing fly ash, while another filter/column contained only peat (without ash). The mixture of peat and ash has shown faster and higher removal capacity for TOC and faster removal with the same final removal capacity for PP (in grams of pollutant per kg of sorbent) at the saturation point. The superiority observed for the peat and ash filter is presumably due to the unique characteristics of peat and ash, which enhanced the treatment efficiency when used together in a mixture. Based on the observed results, filters formed by peat and carbon-containing ashes proved to be a potentially low-cost option for the treatment of storm water generated at storage areas of wood materials such as logs, sawdust and wood chips.
27.	Svensson, Jard, et al. (författare) The effect of neck-specific exercise and prescribed physical activity on headache and dizziness in individuals with cervical radiculopathy: Further analyses of a randomized study with a 1-year follow-up 2023 Ingår i: Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC. - 0959-3985 .- 1532-5040. Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Objective: To evaluate the effect of neck-specific exercise (NSE) compared to prescribed physical activity (PPA) on headache and dizziness in individuals with cervical radiculopathy (CR). Also, to investigate associations between headache or dizziness and pain, neck muscle endurance (NME), neck mobility, physical activity, and fear avoidance beliefs.Methods: Individuals randomized to either NSE or PPA were selected to a headache subgroup (n = 59) and/or a dizziness subgroup (n = 73). Data were evaluated, according to headache and/or dizziness outcomes at baseline and at 3, 6, and 12-month follow-ups.Results: No significant between-group differences were found between NSE and PPA in either subgroup. In the headache subgroup, significant within-group improvements were seen at all follow-ups for NSE (p < .001) and from baseline to 3 (p = .037) and 12 (p = .003) months for PPA. For dizziness, significant within-group improvements were seen from baseline to 3 months for NSE (p = .021) and from baseline to 3 (p = .001) and 6 (p = .044) months for PPA. Multiple regression models showed significant associations at baseline between headache intensity and neck pain (adjusted R-square = 0.35, p < .001), and for dizziness with neck pain and dorsal NME (adjusted R-square = 0.34, p < .001).Conclusion: NSE and PPA show similar improvements in headache intensity and dizziness in individuals with CR. Headache intensity is associated with neck pain, and dizziness with neck pain and dorsal NME, highlighting the importance of these factors when evaluating headache and dizziness.
28.	Svensson, Maria K., et al. (författare) Decreased systolic blood pressure is associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and renal impairment : A nationwide longitudinal observational study of 27,732 patients based on the Swedish National Diabetes Register 2017 Ingår i: Diabetes & Vascular Disease Research. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD. - 1479-1641 .- 1752-8984. ; 14:3, s. 226-235 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background: Previous studies have shown a U-shaped relationship between systolic blood pressure and risk of all-cause of mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and renal impairment.Aims: To evaluate the associations between time-updated systolic blood pressure and time-updated change in systolic blood pressure during the follow-up period and risk of all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and renal impairment.Patients and methods: A total of 27,732 patients with type 2 diabetes and renal impairment in the Swedish National Diabetes Register were followed for 4.7years. Time-dependent Cox models were used to estimate risk of all-cause mortality. Time-updated mean systolic blood pressure is the average of the baseline and the reported post-baseline systolic blood pressures.Results: A time-updated systolic blood pressure<130mmHg was associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality in patients both with and without a history of chronic heart failure (hazard ratio: 1.25, 95% confidence interval: 1.13-1.40 and hazard ratio: 1.26, 1.17-1.36, respectively). A time-updated decrease in systolic blood pressure>10mmHg between the last two observations was associated with higher risk of all-cause mortality (-10 to -25mmHg; hazard ratio: 1.24, 95% confidence interval: 1.17-1.32).Conclusion: Both low systolic blood pressure and a decrease in systolic blood pressure during the follow-up are associated with a higher risk of all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes and renal impairment.
29.	Svensson, Marie, et al. (författare) Osmotic stability of the cell membrane of Escherichia coli from a temperature-limited fed-batch process 2005 Ingår i: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0175-7598 .- 1432-0614. ; 67:3, s. 345-350 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The temperature-limited fed-batch (TLFB) process is a technique where the oxygen consumption rate is controlled by a gradually declining temperature profile rather than a growth-limiting glucose-feeding profile. In Escherichia coli cultures, it has been proven to prevent an extensive release of endotoxins, i.e. lipopolysaccharides, that occurs in the glucose-limited fed-batch (GLFB) processes at specific growth rates below 0.1 h(-1). The TLFB and the GLFB process were compared to each other when applied to produce the periplasmic, constitutively expressed, enzyme beta-lactamase. The extraction of the enzyme was performed by osmotic shock. A higher production of beta-lactamase was achieved with the TLFB technique while no difference in the endotoxin release was found during the extraction procedure. Furthermore, it was found that growth at declining temperature, generated by the TLFB technique, gradually stabilizes the cytoplasmic membrane, resulting in a significantly increased product quality in the extract from the TLFB cultures in the osmotic shock treatment.
30.	Waller, Hjalmar, et al. (författare) Viral load at hospitalization is an independent predictor of severe COVID-19 2023 Ingår i: European Journal of Clinical Investigation. - : Wiley. - 0014-2972 .- 1365-2362. ; 53:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
31.	Abbott, Allan, 1978-, et al. (författare) Understanding the role of diabetes in the osteoarthritis disease and treatment process: a study protocol for the Swedish Osteoarthritis and Diabetes (SOAD) cohort 2019 Ingår i: Bmj Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 9:12 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Introduction Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common form of arthritis and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Metabolic comorbidities such as type II diabetes occur with a higher rate in people with OA than in the general population. Several factors including obesity, hyperglycaemia toxicity and physical inactivity have been suggested as potential links between diabetes and OA, and have been shown to negatively impact patients' health and quality of life. However, little is known on the role of diabetes in determining the outcome of non-surgical and surgical management of OA, and at the same time, how different OA interventions may affect diabetes control. Thus, the overall aim of this project is to explore (1) the impact of diabetes on the outcome of non-surgical and surgical OA treatments and (2) the impact of non-surgical and surgical OA treatments on diabetes control. Methods and analysis The study cohort is based on prospectively ascertained register data on a national level in Sweden. Data from OA patients who received a first-line non-surgical intervention and are registered in the National Quality Register for Better Management of Patients with Osteoarthritis will be merged with data from the Swedish Knee and Hip Arthroplasty Registers and the National Diabetes Register. Additional variables regarding patients' use of prescribed drugs, comorbidities, socioeconomic status and cause of death will be obtained through other national health and population data registers. The linkage will be performed on an individual level using unique personal identity numbers. Ethics and dissemination This study received ethical approval (2019-02570) from the Swedish Ethical Review Authority. Results from this cohort will be submitted to peer-reviewed scientific journals and reported at the leading national and international meetings in the field.
32.	Abdollahi Sani, Negar, et al. (författare) All-printed diode operating at 1.6 GHz 2014 Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : National Academy of Sciences. - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 111:33, s. 11943-11948 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Printed electronics are considered for wireless electronic tags and sensors within the future Internet-of-things (IoT) concept. As a consequence of the low charge carrier mobility of present printable organic and inorganic semiconductors, the operational frequency of printed rectifiers is not high enough to enable direct communication and powering between mobile phones and printed e-tags. Here, we report an all-printed diode operating up to 1.6 GHz. The device, based on two stacked layers of Si and NbSi2 particles, is manufactured on a flexible substrate at low temperature and in ambient atmosphere. The high charge carrier mobility of the Si microparticles allows device operation to occur in the charge injection-limited regime. The asymmetry of the oxide layers in the resulting device stack leads to rectification of tunneling current. Printed diodes were combined with antennas and electrochromic displays to form an all-printed e-tag. The harvested signal from a Global System for Mobile Communications mobile phone was used to update the display. Our findings demonstrate a new communication pathway for printed electronics within IoT applications.
33.	Ahlberg, Erik, et al. (författare) "Vi klimatforskare stödjer Greta och skolungdomarna" 2019 Ingår i: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - 1101-2447. Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract DN DEBATT 15/3. Sedan industrialiseringens början har vi använt omkring fyra femtedelar av den mängd fossilt kol som får förbrännas för att vi ska klara Parisavtalet. Vi har bara en femtedel kvar och det är bråttom att kraftigt reducera utsläppen. Det har Greta Thunberg och de strejkande ungdomarna förstått. Därför stödjer vi deras krav, skriver 270 klimatforskare.
34.	Ahmad Kiadaliri, Aliasghar, et al. (författare) Health utilities of type 2 diabetes-related complications: a cross-sectional study in Sweden. 2014 Ingår i: International journal of environmental research and public health. - : MDPI AG. - 1660-4601. ; 11:5, s. 4939-52 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract This study estimates health utilities (HU) in Sweden for a range of type 2 diabetes-related complications using EQ-5D and two alternative tariffs (UK and Swedish) from 1757 patients with type 2 diabetes from the Swedish National Diabetes Register (NDR). Ordinary least squares were used for statistical analysis. Lower HU was found for female gender, younger age at diagnosis, higher BMI, and history of complications. Microvascular and macrovascular complications had the most negative effect on HU among women and men, respectively. The greatest decline in HU was associated with kidney disorders (-0.114) using the UK tariff and stroke (-0.059) using the Swedish tariff. Multiple stroke and non-acute ischaemic heart disease had higher negative effect than a single event. With the UK tariff, each year elapsed since the last microvascular/macrovascular complication was associated with 0.013 and 0.007 units higher HU, respectively. We found important heterogeneities in effects of complications on HU in terms of gender, multiple event, and time. The Swedish tariff gave smaller estimates and so may result in less cost-effective interventions than the UK tariff. These results suggest that incorporating subgroup-specific HU in cost-utility analyses might provide more insight for informed decision-making.
35.	Ahmadi, Shilan Seyed, et al. (författare) Risk of atrial fibrillation in persons with type 2 diabetes and the excess risk in relation to glycaemic control and renal function: a Swedish cohort study 2020 Ingår i: Cardiovascular Diabetology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1475-2840. ; 19:1 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background To examine the incidence of atrial fibrillation in individuals with type 2 diabetes compared with age- and sex-matched controls from the general population and its variation in relation to glycaemic control and renal function. Methods A total of 421,855 patients with type 2 diabetes from the Swedish National Diabetes Registry and 2,131,223 controls from the Swedish Population Registry, matched for age, sex and county, were included and followed from January 1, 2001 to December 31, 2013. Results Overall, 8.9% of individuals with type 2 diabetes and 7.0% of controls were diagnosed with atrial fibrillation during follow-up, unadjusted incidence risk ratio (IRR) 1.35 (95% 1.33-1.36). Women < 55 years old with type 2 diabetes had an IRR of 2.36 (95% CI 2.10-2.66), in relation to controls, whereas the corresponding value for men < 55 years old with type 2 diabetes was IRR 1.78 (95% CI 1.67-1.90). In the fully adjusted Cox regression, the risk of type 2 diabetes on incident atrial fibrillation was 28% greater vs controls, hazard ratio (HR) 1.28 (95% CI 1.26-1.30), p < 0.0001. The excess risk of atrial fibrillation in individuals with type 2 diabetes increased with worsening glycaemic control and renal complications. For individuals with HbA1c <= 6.9% (<= 52 mmol/mol) and normoalbuminuria the excess risk vs controls was still increased, adjusted HR 1.16 (95% CI 1.14-1.19); p < 0.0001. Conclusions Individuals with type 2 diabetes had an overall 35% higher risk of atrial fibrillation compared to age- and sex-matched controls from the general population. The excess risk for atrial fibrillation increased with renal complications or with poor glycaemic control. Individuals with type 2 diabetes with good glycaemic control and normoalbuminuria had slightly increased risk.
36.	Akerblom, H., et al. (författare) Association of Gastric Bypass Surgery With Risk of Developing Diabetic Retinopathy Among Patients With Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes in Sweden: An Observational Study 2021 Ingår i: Jama Ophthalmology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 2168-6165 .- 2168-6173. ; 139:2, s. 200-205 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract IMPORTANCE Knowledge of the incidence and progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) after gastric bypass surgery (GBP) in patients with obesity and diabetes could guide the management of these patients. OBJECTIVE To investigate the incidence of diabetic ocular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes after GBP compared with the incidence of diabetic ocular complications in a matched cohort of patients with obesity and diabetes who have not undergone GBP. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Data from 2 nationwide registers in Sweden, the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry and the National Diabetes Register, were used for this cohort study. A total of 5321 patients with diabetes from the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Registry who had undergone GBP from January 1, 2007, to December 31, 2013, were matched with 5321 patients with diabetes from the National Diabetes Register who had not undergone GBP, based on sex, age, body mass index (BMI), and calendar time (2007-2013). Follow-up data were obtained until December 31, 2015. Statistical analysis was performed from October 5, 2018, to September 30, 2019. EXPOSURE Gastric bypass surgery. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Incidence of new DR and other diabetic ocular complications. RESULTS The study population consisted of 5321 patients who had undergone GBP (3223 women [60.6%]; mean [SD] age, 49.0 [9.5] years) and 5321 matched controls (3395 women [63.8%]; mean [SD] age, 47.1 [11.5] years). Mean (SD) follow-up was 4.5 (1.6) years. The mean (SD) BMI and hemoglobin A1c concentration at baseline were 42.0 (5.7) and 7.6%(1.5%), respectively, in the GBP group and 40.9 (7.3) and 7.5%(1.5%), respectively, in the control group. The mean (SD) duration of diabetes was 6.8 (6.3) years in the GBP group and 6.4 (6.4) years in the control group. The risk for new DR was reduced in the patients who underwent GBP (hazard ratio, 0.62 [95% CI, 0.49-0.78]; P <.001). The dominant risk factors for development of DR at baseline were diabetes duration, hemoglobin A1c concentration, use of insulin, glomerular filtration rate, and BMI. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This nationwide matched cohort study suggests that there is a reduced risk of developing new DR associated with GBP, and no evidence of an increased risk of developing DR that threatened sight or required treatment. (c) 2021 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
37.	Akerstrom, Ulf, et al. (författare) Comparison of Moisturizing Creams for the Prevention of Atopic Dermatitis Relapse: A Randomized Double-blind Controlled Multicentre Clinical Trial 2015 Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1651-2057 .- 0001-5555. ; 95:5, s. 587-592 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Atopic dermatitis (AD) affects adults and children and has a negative impact on quality of life. The present multicentre randomized double-blind controlled trial showed a barrier-improving cream (5% urea) to be superior to a reference cream in preventing eczema relapse in patients with AD (hazard ratio 0.634, p = 0.011). The risk of eczema relapse was reduced by 37% (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 10-55%). Median time to relapse in the test cream group and in the reference cream group was 22 days and 15 days, respectively (p = 0.013). At 6 months 26% of the patients in the test cream group were still eczema free, compared with 10% in the reference cream group. Thus, the barrier-improving cream significantly prolonged the eczema-free time compared with the reference cream and decreased the risk of eczema relapse. The test cream was well tolerated in patients with AD.
38.	Albanese-O'Neill, A., et al. (författare) Changes in HbA1c Between 2011 and 2017 in Germany/Austria, Sweden, and the United States: A Lifespan Perspective 2022 Ingår i: Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1520-9156 .- 1557-8593. ; 24:1, s. 32-41 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Aims: This study assessed hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) across the lifespan in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Germany/Austria, Sweden, and the United States between 2011 and 2017 to ascertain temporal and age-related trends. Methods: Data from the Diabetes-Patienten-Verlaufsdokumentation (DPV) (n = 25,651 in 2011, n = 29,442 in 2017); Swedish Pediatric Diabetes Quality Registry (SWEDIABKIDS)/National Diabetes Register (NDR), (n = 44,474 in 2011, n = 53,690 in 2017); and T1D Exchange (n = 16,198 in 2011, n = 17,087 in 2017) registries were analyzed by linear regression to compare mean HbA1c overall and by age group. Results: Controlling for age, sex, and T1D duration, HbA1c increased in the United States between 2011 and 2017, decreased in Sweden, and did not change in Germany/Austria. Controlling for sex and T1D duration, mean HbA1c decreased between 2011 and 2017 in all age cohorts in Sweden (P < 0.001). In the United States, HbA1c stayed the same for participants <6 years and 45 to <65 years and increased in all other age groups (P < 0.05). In Germany/Austria, HbA1c stayed the same for participants <6 to <13 years and 18 to <25 years; decreased for participants ages 13 to <18 years (P < 0.01); and increased for participants >= 25 years (P < 0.05). Conclusions: The comparison of international trends in HbA1c makes it possible to identify differences, explore underlying causes, and share quality improvement processes. National quality improvement initiatives are well accepted in Europe but have yet to be implemented systematically in the United States. However, disparities created by the lack of universal access to health care coverage, unequal access to diabetes technologies (e.g., continuous glucose monitoring) regardless of insurance status, and high out-of-pocket cost for the underinsured ultimately limit the potential of quality improvement initiatives.
39.	Ali, Abdullah, 1985-, et al. (författare) Dehydration affects drug transport over nasal mucosa 2019 Ingår i: Drug Delivery. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1071-7544 .- 1521-0464. ; 26:1, s. 831-840 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Formulations for nasal drug delivery often rely on water sorption to adhere to the mucosa, which also causes a higher water gradient over the tissue and subsequent dehydration. The primary aim of this study was therefore to evaluate mucosal response to dehydration and resolve the hypothesis that mucoadhesion achieved through water sorption could also be a constraint for drug absorption via the nasal route. The effect of altering water activity of the vehicle on Xylometazoline HCl and Cr-EDTA uptake was studied separately using flow through diffusion cells and excised porcine mucosa. We have shown that a modest increase in the water gradient over mucosa induces a substantial decrease in drug uptake for both Xylometazoline HCl and Cr-EDTA. A similar result was obtained when comparing two different vehicles on the market; Nasoferm (Nordic Drugs, Sweden) and BLOX4 (Bioglan, Sweden). Mucoadhesion based on water sorption can slow down drug uptake in the nasal cavity. However, a clinical study is required to determine whether prolonged duration of the vehicle or preventing dehydration of the mucosa is the most important factor for improving bioavailability.
40.	Ali, Liaqat, et al. (författare) Effects of nutrition strategy on the levels of nutrients and bioactive compounds in blackberries 2012 Ingår i: European Food Research and Technology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1438-2377 .- 1438-2385. ; 234:1, s. 33-44 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The effects of nutrition strategy on levels of nutrients and bioactive compounds in fruit and leaves of blackberries were studied in greenhouse-grown blackberry plants fertilised with combinations of two levels (low, high) of nitrogen (60 and 100 kg ha -1, respectively) and potassium (66.4 and 104 kg ha -1, respectively). Plant concentrations of organic phytochemicals were quantitatively analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography. High amounts of both fertilisers produced high amounts of all nutrients and bioactive compounds analysed in fruit except total acidity and ellagic acid. There were major differences in compounds affecting taste in fruit, e. g., sugars (fructose and glucose), total soluble solids and pH, and also in anthocyanin content. The concentrations of secondary metabolites, vitamin C and ellagic acid in fruit also varied significantly between treatments, although the differences were smaller. Storage of blackberries showed variable effects in the different levels of compounds, and the changes found were small. Nutrient regime did not affect blackberry leaves to the same extent, and only minor changes were found. The findings show that by optimising plant nutrition, phytonutrient levels can be maximised and maintained in fresh and stored berry crops, especially those grown in greenhouses, where conditions can easily be regulated.
41.	Alsterholm, Mikael, 1977, et al. (författare) Establishment and utility of SwedAD : a nationwide Swedish registry for patients with atopic dermatitis receiving systemic pharmacotherapy 2023 Ingår i: Acta Dermato-Venereologica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-5555 .- 1651-2057. ; 103 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract SwedAD, a Swedish nationwide registry for patients with atopic dermatitis receiving systemic pharmacotherapy, was launched on 1 September 2019. We describe here the establishment of a user-friendly registry to the benefit of patients with atopic dermatitis. By 5 November 2022, 38 clinics had recorded 931 treatment episodes in 850 patients with an approximate national coverage rate of 40%. Characteristics at enrolment included median Eczema Area and Severity Index (EASI) 10.2 (interquartile range 4.0, 19.4), Patient-Oriented Eczema Measure (POEM) 18.0 (10.0, 24.0), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) 11.0 (5.0, 19.0) and Peak Itch Numerical Rating Scale-11 (NRS-11) 6.0 (3.0, 8.0). At 3 months, median EASI was 3.2 (1.0, 7.3) and POEM, DLQI, and NRS-11 were improved. Regional coverage varied, reflecting the distribution of dermatologists, the ratio of public to private healthcare, and difficulties in recruiting certain clinics. This study highlights the importance of a nationwide registry when managing systemic pharmacotherapy of atopic dermatitis.
42.	Alves, Isabel, et al. (författare) Human genetic structure in Northwest France provides new insights into West European historical demography 2024 Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 15 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The demographical history of France remains largely understudied despite its central role toward understanding modern population structure across Western Europe. Here, by exploring publicly available Europe-wide genotype datasets together with the genomes of 3234 present-day and six newly sequenced medieval individuals from Northern France, we found extensive fine-scale population structure across Brittany and the downstream Loire basin and increased population differentiation between the northern and southern sides of the river Loire, associated with higher proportions of steppe vs. Neolithic-related ancestry. We also found increased allele sharing between individuals from Western Brittany and those associated with the Bell Beaker complex. Our results emphasise the need for investigating local populations to better understand the distribution of rare (putatively deleterious) variants across space and the importance of common genetic legacy in understanding the sharing of disease-related alleles between Brittany and people from western Britain and Ireland.
43.	Andersen, Marie Louise M., et al. (författare) Association between autoantibodies to the Arginine variant of the Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) and stimulated C-peptide levels in Danish children and adolescents with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes 2012 Ingår i: Pediatric Diabetes. - : Hindawi Limited. - 1399-543X .- 1399-5448. ; 13:6, s. 454-462 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background The zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) was recently identified as a common autoantigen in type 1 diabetes (T1D) and inclusion of ZnT8 autoantibodies (ZnT8Ab) was found to increase the diagnostic specificity of T1D. Objectives The main aims were to determine whether ZnT8Ab vary during follow-up 1 year after diagnosis, and to relate the reactivity of three types of ZnT8Ab to the residual stimulated C-peptide levels during the first year after diagnosis. Subjects A total of 129 newly diagnosed T1D patients <15 years was followed prospectively 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after diagnosis. Methods Hemoglobin A1c, meal-stimulated C-peptide, ZnT8Ab, and other pancreatic autoantibodies were measured at each visit. Patients were genotyped for the rs13266634 variant at the SLC30A8 gene and HLA-DQ alleles. Results The levels of all ZnT8Ab [ZnT8Arg (arginine), ZnT8Trp (tryptophan), ZnT8Gln (glutamine)] tended to decrease during disease progression. A twofold higher level of ZnT8Arg and ZnT8Gln was associated with 4.6%/5.2% (p = 0.02), 5.3%/8.2% (p = 0.02) and 8.9%/9.7% (p = 0.004) higher concentrations of stimulated C-peptide 3, 6, and 12 months after diagnosis. The TT genotype carriers of the SLC30A8 gene had 45.8% (p = 0.01) and 60.1% (p = 0.002) lower stimulated C-peptide 6 and 12 months after diagnosis compared to the CC and the CT genotype carriers in a recessive model. Conclusions The levels of the Arg variant of the ZnT8 autoantibodies are associated with higher levels of stimulated C-peptide after diagnosis of T1D and during follow-up. Carriers of the TT genotype of the SLC30A8 gene predict lower stimulated C-peptide levels 12 months after diagnosis.
44.	Andersson, Frida, et al. (författare) Sex differences in offending trajectories in a Swedish cohort 2012 Ingår i: CBMH. Criminal behaviour and mental health. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0957-9664 .- 1471-2857. ; 22:2, s. 108-121 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Background Despite the increased interest in female offending trajectories over the last decades, knowledge is still limited. Aim To meet the need for more knowledge on female offending trajectories by studying sex differences in criminal career patterns. Method Data on 518 female and 2567 male offenders up to age 30 from the Swedish longitudinal Project Metropolitan study were analysed using latent class analysis. Results The female offenders were much less predisposed to offend than the males, but when they did, they tended to follow a similar set of trajectories to males in their criminal development over time. Four criminal career patterns were identified for each sex. Two patterns were the same between the sexes, and two were gender unique. All career patterns had meaningful and distinct associations with crime characteristics. Conclusions Our study presents indicators relating both to gender differences and to heterogeneity within the group of female offenders. One important finding was the identification of an adult-onset offender group unique to females. This group was characterised by high criminal activity over the years following their late onset. Further research will focus on the childhood origins, pathways and outcomes of different female antisocial and criminal careers.
45.	Andersson, Karin, 1972, et al. (författare) Down-regulation of survivin alleviates experimental arthritis. 2015 Ingår i: Journal of leukocyte biology. - 1938-3673. ; 97:1, s. 135-45 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract Survivin is a proto-oncogene that regulates cell division and apoptosis. It is a molecular marker of cancer. Recently, survivin has emerged as a feature of RA, associated with severe joint damage and poor treatment response. The present study examined if inhibition of survivin affects experimental arthritis, which was induced in mBSA-immunized mice by an injection of mBSA in the knee joint or developed spontaneously in collagen type II-immunized mice. The inhibition of survivin transcription by a lentivirus shRNA construct alleviated joint inflammation and reduced bone damage. The inhibition of survivin reduced the levels of metalloproteinases, β-catenin, and vimentin, limiting the invasive capacity of synovia, while no inhibition of osteoclastogenesis could be found. The inhibition of survivin led to a p53-independent reduction of T cell proliferation and favored the transcription and activity of Blimp-1, which limited IL-2 production and facilitated formation of regulatory Foxp3(+)CD4(+) and effector CD8(+) T cells. The study shows that the inhibition of survivin is sufficient to reduce joint inflammation and bone damage in preclinical models of arthritis. Antiarthritic effects of survivin inhibition are related to p53-independent control of lymphocyte proliferation.
46.	Anker, Ilka, et al. (författare) Preoperative Electrophysiology in Patients With Ulnar Nerve Entrapment at the Elbow-Prediction of Surgical Outcome and Influence of Age, Sex and Diabetes. 2022 Ingår i: Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare. - : Frontiers Media S.A.. - 2673-6616. ; 3 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract The impact of preoperative electrophysiology on outcome of surgical treatment in ulnar nerve entrapment at the elbow (UNE) is not clarified. Our aim was to evaluate influence of preoperative electrophysiologic grading on outcome and analyse how age, sex, and in particular diabetes affect such grading. Electrophysiologic protocols for 406 UNE cases, surgically treated at two hand surgery units reporting to the Swedish National Quality Register for Hand Surgery (HAKIR; 2010-2016), were retrospectively assessed, and graded as normal, reduced conduction velocity, conduction block or axonal degeneration. Outcome of surgery after primary and revision surgery was evaluated using QuickDASH and a doctor reported outcome measure (DROM) grading. No differences in QuickDASH or DROM were found between the four groups with different electrophysiologic grading preoperatively, or at three and 12 months or at follow up, respectively. When dichotomizing the electrophysiologic grading into normal and pathologic electrophysiology, cases with normal electrophysiology had worse QuickDASH than cases with pathologic electrophysiology preoperatively (p=0.046). Presence of a conduction block or axonal degeneration indicated a worse outcome by DROM grading (p=0.011). Primary surgeries had electrophysiologic more pronounced nerve pathology compared to revision surgeries (p=0.017). Cases of older age, men, and those with diabetes had more severe electrophysiologic nerve affection (p<0.0001). In the linear regression analysis, increasing age (unstandardized B=0.03, 95% CI 0.02-0.04; p<0.0001) and presence of diabetes (unstandardized B=0.60, 95% CI 0.25-0.95; p=0.001) were associated with a higher risk of a worse electrophysiologic classification. Female sex was associated with a better electrophysiologic grading (unstandardized B=-0.51, 95% CI -0.75- -0.27; p<0.0001). We conclude that older age, male sex, and concomitant diabetes are associated with more severe preoperative electrophysiologic nerve affection. Preoperative electrophysiologic grade of ulnar nerve affection may influence surgical outcome.
47.	Appelberg, Sofia, et al. (författare) Dysregulation in Akt/mTOR/HIF-1 signaling identified by proteo-transcriptomics of SARS-CoV-2 infected cells 2020 Ingår i: Emerging Microbes & Infections. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2222-1751. ; 9:1, s. 1748-1760 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract How severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections engage cellular host pathways and innate immunity in infected cells remains largely elusive. We performed an integrative proteo-transcriptomics analysis in SARS-CoV-2 infected Huh7 cells to map the cellular response to the invading virus over time. We identified four pathways, ErbB, HIF-1, mTOR and TNF signaling, among others that were markedly modulated during the course of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. Western blot validation of the downstream effector molecules of these pathways revealed a dose-dependent activation of Akt, mTOR, S6K1 and 4E-BP1 at 24 hours post infection (hpi). However, we found a significant inhibition of HIF-1α through 24hpi and 48hpi of the infection, suggesting a crosstalk between the SARS-CoV-2 and the Akt/mTOR/HIF-1 signaling pathways. Inhibition of the mTOR signaling pathway using Akt inhibitor MK-2206 showed a significant reduction in virus production. Further investigations are required to better understand the molecular sequelae in order to guide potential therapy in the management of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.
48.	Archer, Trevor, et al. (författare) Physical exercise ameliorates deficits induced by traumatic brain injury 2012 Ingår i: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica. - : Hindawi Limited. - 0001-6314 .- 1600-0404. ; 125:5, s. 293-302 Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract The extent and depth of traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a major determining factor together with the type of structural insult and its location, whether mild, moderate or severe, as well as the distribution and magnitude of inflammation and loss of cerebrovascular integrity, and the eventual efficacy of intervention. The influence of exercise intervention in TBI is multiple, ranging from anti-apoptotic effects to the augmentation of neuroplasticity. Physical exercise diminishes cerebral inflammation by elevating factors and agents involved in immunomodulatory function, and buttresses glial cell, cerebrovascular, and blood-brain barrier intactness. It provides unique non-pharmacologic intervention that incorporate different physical activity regimes, whether dynamic or static, endurance or resistance. Physical training regimes ought necessarily to be adapted to the specific demands of diagnosis, type and degree of injury and prognosis for individuals who have suffered TBI. Â© 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
49.	Ardung, Sven, et al. (författare) US Cordillera excursion 2006 2007 Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
50.	Arvidsson, Barbro, et al. (författare) Effects of process-oriented group supervision as reported by nursing students : a pilot study 2008 Ingår i: Vård i Norden. - Köpenhamn : SSN [Sjuksköterskornas samarbete i Norden]. - 0107-4083 .- 1890-4238. ; 28:1, s. 26-29 Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract One method to ensure that nursing students are better prepared for their future professional role can be to offer them process-oriented group supervision. The aim of this prospective, longitudinal pilot study was to evaluate the effects of a process-oriented group supervision programme (PGSP) comprising educational, supportive and developmental areas based on reports by nursing students undergoing a 3-year nursing education. The students (N=61) evaluated their experiences of the PGSP by means of a questionnaire, which they filled in after each study year. An independent t-test was conducted to compare the educational, supportive, and developmental areas after the first (2002), second (2003) and third year (2004) as well as over the whole 3-year study period. The result showed no significant difference in scores in the educational area. However, there was a significant increase in the supportive area (p=.03) over the 3-year period, which was especially noticeable during the first year (p=.013). There was also an increase in the developmental area over the 3-year period (p=.021) as well as during the first year (p=.024). Thus, PGSP seems to develop nursing students in their professional identity and personal growth. However, as this was a pilot study, a research implication is to perform a large-scale study over a longer period of time.

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