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- Hutchins, John, et al.
(författare)
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Cervical Foraminal Changes in Patients with Intermittent Arm Radiculopathy Studied with a New MRI-Compatible Compression Device
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Medicine. - 2077-0383. ; 12:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diagnosing cervical foraminal stenosis with intermittent arm radiculopathy is challenging due to discrepancies between MRI findings and symptoms. This can be attributed to the fact that MRI images are often obtained in a relaxed supine position. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of the Dynamic MRI Compression System (DMRICS) and to assess possible changes in cervical foramina, with both quantitative measurements and qualitative grading systems, with MRI during a simulated Spurling test. Ten patients (five women and five men, ages 29-45) with previously confirmed cervical foraminal stenosis underwent MRI scans using DMRICS. MRI images were acquired in both relaxed and provoked states. A radiologist assessed 30 foramina (C4-C7) on the symptomatic side in both patient positions. Quantitative and qualitative measures were performed, including the numeric rating scale (NRS) and the Park and Kim grading systems. The provoked state induced concordant neck and arm pain in 9 of 10 patients. Significant shifts in Park and Kim foraminal gradings were noted: 13 of 27 Park gradings and 9 of 27 Kim gradings escalated post provocation. No quantitative changes were observed. This pilot study indicates that the DMRICS device has the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy for cervical radiculopathy, demonstrating induced cervical foraminal changes during a simulated Spurling test while performing MRI.
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- Joffrin, E., et al.
(författare)
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Overview of the JET preparation for deuterium-tritium operation with the ITER like-wall
- 2019
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Ingår i: Nuclear Fusion. - : IOP Publishing. - 1741-4326 .- 0029-5515. ; 59:11
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- For the past several years, the JET scientific programme (Pamela et al 2007 Fusion Eng. Des. 82 590) has been engaged in a multi-campaign effort, including experiments in D, H and T, leading up to 2020 and the first experiments with 50%/50% D-T mixtures since 1997 and the first ever D-T plasmas with the ITER mix of plasma-facing component materials. For this purpose, a concerted physics and technology programme was launched with a view to prepare the D-T campaign (DTE2). This paper addresses the key elements developed by the JET programme directly contributing to the D-T preparation. This intense preparation includes the review of the physics basis for the D-T operational scenarios, including the fusion power predictions through first principle and integrated modelling, and the impact of isotopes in the operation and physics of D-T plasmas (thermal and particle transport, high confinement mode (H-mode) access, Be and W erosion, fuel recovery, etc). This effort also requires improving several aspects of plasma operation for DTE2, such as real time control schemes, heat load control, disruption avoidance and a mitigation system (including the installation of a new shattered pellet injector), novel ion cyclotron resonance heating schemes (such as the three-ions scheme), new diagnostics (neutron camera and spectrometer, active Alfven eigenmode antennas, neutral gauges, radiation hard imaging systems...) and the calibration of the JET neutron diagnostics at 14 MeV for accurate fusion power measurement. The active preparation of JET for the 2020 D-T campaign provides an incomparable source of information and a basis for the future D-T operation of ITER, and it is also foreseen that a large number of key physics issues will be addressed in support of burning plasmas.
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- Karlsson, Ann-Katrine, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Abdominal fat distribution correlates to aromatase activity in pre-school girls
- 2013
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Ingår i: 9th Joint Meeting of Paediatric Endocrinology. Milan, Italy , September 19–22, 2013. Hormone research in paediatrics. - Milan, Italy : Horm Res in Ped. - 1663-2818 .- 1663-2826. ; 80:suppl 1, s. 109-110
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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- Karlsson, Ann-Katrine, 1950, et al.
(författare)
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Measurements of total and regional body composition in preschool children: A comparison of MRI, DXA, and anthropometric data.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.). - : Wiley. - 1930-739X .- 1930-7381. ; 21:5, s. 1018-24
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There are clear sex differences in the distribution of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) in adults, with males having more VAT and less SAT than females. This study assessed whether these differences between the sexes were already present in preschool children. It also evaluated which measures of body composition were most appropriate for assessing abdominal obesity in this age group.
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- Kjellberg, Emma, et al.
(författare)
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Metabolic Risk Factors Associated with Visceral and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in a Sex-Specific Manner in Seven-Year-Olds
- 2019
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Ingår i: Obesity. - : Wiley. - 1930-7381 .- 1930-739X. ; 27:6, s. 982-988
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate how visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) volumes were associated with metabolic risk factors in 7-year-old children.METHODS: A total of 81 children (52% girls) from a Swedish birth cohort were studied. At 6 years of age, anthropometric data, fasting insulin, glucose, cholesterol, and blood pressure were collected on 53 children with normal weight and 28 children with overweight or obesity, and insulin resistance was estimated. At 7 years of age, magnetic resonance imaging quantified VAT and SAT. Sex and regression analyses were conducted.RESULTS: SAT was more strongly associated with metabolic risk factors than VAT. The associations between VAT and metabolic risk factors were stronger in girls (P < 0.05). When VAT was adjusted for birth weight and maternal BMI and education, it accounted for 51% of insulin variance (β = 11.72; P = 0.001) but only in girls. The key finding of this study was that adjusted SAT accounted for 63% of the fasting insulin variance in girls (β = 2.76; P < 0.001). Waist circumference was the best anthropometric marker for insulin resistance.CONCLUSIONS: Insulin resistance was associated with abdominal adipose tissue and its associated metabolic risk factors in children as young as 7 years old.
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- Kullberg, Joel, et al.
(författare)
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Adipose tissue distribution in children: automated quantification using water and fat MRI.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI. - : Wiley. - 1522-2586 .- 1053-1807. ; 32:1, s. 204-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: To develop and validate a method for rapid acquisition and automated processing of magnetic resonance (MR) images for analysis of abdominal adipose tissue distribution in children. Materials and Methods: The study included 21 (10 girls, 11 boys) healthy 5-year-old children. Rapid water and fat MR imaging (6 sec) was performed using a 2-point-Dixon technique on a 1.5T MR scanner using an 8-channel cardiac coil. An automated image processing algorithm was developed for automated segmentation of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), respectively. The results from the fully automated analysis were compared to those from a semiautomated analysis, performed by three operators, from the same images. Results: The automated analysis was seen to give results with strong correlation to the reference measurements (r ≥ 0.997); however, the SAT volume was underestimated by 9.4 ± 3.8%. The accuracy of the automated segmentation of VAT and SAT (TP: true positive, FP: false positive, mean ± SD, %) was TP: 83.6 ± 8.5, FP: 12.7 ± 6.8; and TP: 89.9 ± 3.6, FP: 0.7 ± 0.3, respectively.
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