| 1. |
- Decker, Ralph, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Early increase of the bone formation marker PINP is in a higher degree related to growth response compared to bone mineralization in GH treated prepubertal children
- 2015
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Ingår i: Horme Research in Paediatrics. - : S. Karger AG. - 1663-2818 .- 1663-2826. ; 84:Suppl 1
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: It has been reported that short-term increases of the bone formation markers intact amino-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and osteocalcin display different temporal patterns. In adults, the biphasic model of GH action in bone remodelling shows that GH treatment results initially in an increased bone resorption with a concomitant bone loss, which later on is followed by increased bone formation. In children, little is known how bone remodelling takes place. Objective and hypotheses: Bone formation markers reflect different events during osteogenesis, and respond with different time courses during anabolic GH treatment. Method: The study population comprised 128 short prepubertal children (age range 3−11 years; 90 boys, 38 girls) who participated in a longitudinal, prospective, multicenter study in individual GH dosing1, TRN 98-0198-003. The investigated children had either normal or reduced levels of GH secretion. Data from the first 2 years of GH treatment were analyzed. The bone markers were measured using the IDS-iSYS automatic system (Immunodiagnostic Systems)2. The DXA derived variable bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by Lunar DPX-L or Lunar Prodigy. Results: The bone markers PINP, BALP, osteocalcin and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) at start and deltaPINP at 3 months of GH treatment explained 63% of the growth response at 2 years (p<0.0001), while only 26% of the variation in BMD response after 2 years of treatment was explained (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Bone markers at start of GH treatment, and the 3 months increase of PINP were associated with both growth response and bone mineralization after 2 years of treatment, but with different magnitude of impact on these anabolic GH effects.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Stigson, Lennart, et al.
(författare)
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Bone and fat mass in relation to postnatal levels of insulin-like growth factors in prematurely born children at 4y of age
- 2014
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Ingår i: Pediatric Research. - : Nature Publishing Group: Open Access Hybrid Model Option A. - 0031-3998 .- 1530-0447. ; 75:4, s. 544-550
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Children born prematurely may be at risk of developing osteopenia. This study investigated whether insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) in the early postnatal period influence bone mass and body composition in prematurely born children. METHODS: A total of 74 control (gestational age greater than36 wk; n = 37) and preterm (gestational age less than32 wk; n = 37) infants were investigated (mean age +/- SD: 4.59 +/- 0.31 y). Bone mineral density, body composition, and markers of bone and mineral metabolism were investigated in relation to postnatal IGF levels. RESULTS: After adjusting for confounders, we found no differences in bone mass, but significantly less lean mass, increased fat mass, and increased osteocalcin levels in ex-preterm infants. Forward stepwise multiple analysis revealed that higher late postnatal IGF-II levels predict lumbar spine bone mineral content (P less than 0.05) and lean mass (P less than 0.05). When the birth weight standard deviation score was included in the analysis, higher early postnatal IGF-I levels predicted both lumbar spine bone mineral density and bone mineral content (P less than 0.05). Higher early postnatal IGF binding protein-3 (P less than 0.01) predicted increased fat mass at 4-y follow-up. CONCLUSION: Ex-preterm children have normal bone mass but different body composition compared with full-term controls. Higher early IGF-I and late postnatal IGF-II concentrations are positive predictors of lumbar spine bone mass.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Tubić, Bojan, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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Different osteocalcin forms, markers of metabolic syndrome and anthropometric measures in children within the IDEFICS cohort
- 2016
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Ingår i: Bone. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 8756-3282 .- 1873-2763. ; 84, s. 230-236
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Osteocalcin (OC), an aboundant non-collagenous bone protein, is inversely associated with parameters of glucose metabolism. Interactions between bone tissue and energy metabolism have not been thoroughly investigated during childhood. This study investigated OC, metabolic parameters and anthropometric characteristics in normal weight and overweight/obese children. Methods: This study comprised 108 (46 normal weight/62 overweight/obese) Swedish 2-9 year old children. Anthropometric data, insulin, glucose, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c), HOMA index, vitamin D, adiponectin, total OC, carboxylated OC (cOC) and undercarboxylated OC (ucOC) were analysed. Results: No difference was found for total OC between the normal and overweight/obese groups, with a mean (+/- SD) value of 82.6 ( +/- 2.8) ng/mL and 77.0 ( +/- 2.4) ng/mL, (P = 0.11), respectively. Overweight children had lower cOC levels, mean 69.1 ( +/- 2.2) ng/mL, vs. normal weight children, mean 75.6 ( +/- 2.5) ng/mL (P = 0.03). The mean ucOC levels of 7.9 ( +/- 0.4) ng/mL in overweight children did not differ vs. normal weight children, mean level 7.0 (+/- 0.4) ng/mL, (P = 0.067). None of the three OC forms correlated with any of the measured parameters. Conclusions: The cOC levels were lower in overweight children. There was no correlation between the three OC forms and any of the measured anthropometric or metabolic parameters. OC has been suggested to have a possible metabolic role, but in general the current study in prepubertal children does not support the hypothesis of an association between OC and a positive metabolic profile. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Andersson, Björn, 1939, et al.
(författare)
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Seasonal variations in vitamin D in relation to growth in short prepubertal children before and during first year growth hormone treatment
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0391-4097 .- 1720-8386. ; 38:12, s. 1309-1317
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose This study investigated the relationship between seasonal variations in 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH) D) levels and growth in prepubertal children during both the pretreatment year and the first year of GH treatment. Methods The study included 249 short prepubertal children with a broad range of GH secretion, GH(max) during a 24 h profile median 23; range 1-127 mU/L, 191 boys (mean age +/- SD, 8.6 +/- 2.6 years), 58 girls (7.5 +/- 1.9 years) receiving GH treatment (mean 43 mu g/kg/day; range 17-99 mu g/kg/day). Serum 25(OH) D was measured using an automated IDS-iSYS immunoassay. Results 25(OH) D levels showed seasonal variation, and decreased significantly during GH treatment. 25(OH) D levels at start and first year reduction in 25(OH) D, correlated (-) with the first year growth response during treatment. The degree of GH secretion capacity within our study population of mainly non-GH deficient children and 25(OH) D sufficient (67 +/- 29 nmol/L) had no influence on 25(OH) D levels. Growth during GH treatment were independent of seasonal variations in 25(OH) D. Multiple regression analysis showed that 25(OH) D levels at treatment start, together with auxological data and IGF-binding protein-3(SDS), explained 61 % of the variation in first year gain in height(SDS). Conclusion 25(OH) D levels were associated with first year growth response to GH and may be a useful contribution to future growth prediction models.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Andersson, Björn, 1939, et al.
(författare)
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Short-term changes in bone formation markers following growth hormone (GH) treatment in short prepubertal children with a broad range of GH secretion
- 2015
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Ingår i: Clinical Endocrinology. - : Wiley: 12 months. - 0300-0664 .- 1365-2265. ; 82:1, s. 91-99
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesGrowth hormone (GH) promotes longitudinal growth and bone modelling/remodelling. This study investigated the relationship between levels of bone formation markers and growth during GH treatment in prepubertal children with widely ranging GH secretion levels. MethodsThe study group comprised 113 short prepubertal children (mean ageSD, 937213years; 99 boys) on GH treatment (330 +/- 006g/kg/day) for 1year. Blood samples were taken at baseline and 1 and 2weeks, 1 and 3months, and 1year after treatment start. Intact amino-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP) and osteocalcin were measured using an automated IDS-iSYS immunoassay system. ResultsIntact amino-terminal propeptide of type I procollagen (PINP), BALP and osteocalcin, increased in the short-term during GH treatment. PINP after 1week (P=000077), and BALP and osteocalcin after 1month (Pless than00001 and P=00043, respectively). PINP levels at 1 and 3months correlated positively, and osteocalcin levels at 1week and percentage change after 1month correlated negatively, with first year growth response. No significant correlations were found between BALP and first year growth. Multiple regression analysis showed that bone marker levels together with auxological data and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 explained the variation in first year growth response to 36% at start, 32% after 2weeks and 48% at 3months. ConclusionShort-term increases in levels of the bone formation markers PINP, BALP and osteocalcin showed different temporal patterns, but all correlated with first year growth response during GH treatment. These markers may be a useful addition to existing prediction models for growth response.
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| 10. |
- Andersson, Björn, 1977, et al.
(författare)
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Vitamin D and growth hormone treatment.
- 2013
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Ingår i: 9th Joint meeting of Paediatrics Endocrinology, Milan , Italy.. ; 19-22:Sept
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Living in Sweden which is in the northern part of the world, above 35° of latitude implies a major risk of vitamin D deficiency. Prepubertal children show a marked seasonal variation in growth parallel to hours of sunshine. Vitamin D shows a similar pattern with the highest levels during late summer. Growth hormone (GH) promotes longitudinal growth in short prepubertal children. Objective and hypotheses: The aim was to study the influence of seasonal variation in vitamin D levels on pretreatment growth and first year growth response to GH treatment. Methods: The study group consisted of 279 short prepubertal children, 223 boys age 9.08±2.6 SD, 56 girls age 7.79±1.65, belonging to registered clinical trials in Sweden. GH was given in the range 17-100 µg/kg/day, mean 0.42 µg/ kg/day. 82 children were GHD (GHmaxAITT/24h profile ≤ 10 µg/L). n=24/104 (23%), of whom n=63/104 (60.5%) had Isolated GHD whereas n=41/104 (39.4%) had Multiple Pituitary Hormone Deficiency (MPHD). Median age at CO-GHD diagnosis was 11.2yr (0.3 -16.6) with initial GH peak 2.2µg/l (0.1 - 6.5); and initiation of GH therapy at 9.5 (0.4 -16.9) yrs. Result: At final height, n=60/104(57.6%) CO-GHD adult were re-evaluated at a median age 18.2 yr (15-27.5), 0.5 (0.1-12) years after withdrawal of GH therapy at age 16 (9 -21) yr. Median duration of treatment was 7.6 (0.4-16.3)yr. At retesting median GH peak was 1.7µg/l (0.1-23.7) and IGF1 level 79ug/l (15-560). Of those re-evaluated 52/60(86.8%) remained GHD and were eligible for adult GH replacement, with 45/60(75%) re-starting GH and 7/60(11.6%) declining GH. The remaining CO-GHD treated patients n=44/104(42.3%) were not re-evaluated either because they were transferred to adult services without re-evaluation (n=21), stopped treatment without reevaluation (n=6), were lost to follow up while on treatment (n=10), or had missing data in (n=7). Conclusions: A substantial proportion of CO-GHD patients remain GHD and most opt for GH therapy as adults, yet not all are re-evaluated. A consensus standardised pathway for re-evaluation of the GH axis between paediatric and adult services has not yet been reached. There is a need to study
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| 11. |
- Andersson, B., et al.
(författare)
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Vitamin D status in children over three decades - Do children get enough vitamin D?
- 2016
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Ingår i: Bone Reports. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-1872. ; 5, s. 150-152
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vitamin D is a key player in the endocrine regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism and plays a pivotal role in the acquisition of bone mass during childhood. This study investigated long-term data of vitamin D levels in children and adolescents between 1 and 18 years of age. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was analyzed between 1982 and 2013 in 2048 Swedish Caucasian children (mean age ± SD, 8.59 ± 3.68 years; 1197 boys). Overall, 704 (34%) children had below recommended levels of 50 nmol/L; however, only 63 (3%) had levels below 25 nmol/L, i.e., vitamin D deficiency. No trend for decreased vitamin D levels over time was found in this population, with median 25(OH)D levels of 58.4 nmol/L, minimum-maximum 5.0-159.3 nmol/L. Younger children, independent of gender, had significantly higher levels 25(OH)D. © 2016.
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| 12. |
- Bjarnason, Ragnar, 1959, et al.
(författare)
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Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein increases in serum after the start of growth hormone treatment in prepubertal children
- 2004
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Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism. - : The Endocrine Society. - 0021-972X .- 1945-7197. ; 89:10, s. 5156-60
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Both GH and IGF-I stimulate bone growth, but the molecular mechanisms mediating their effects on the growth plate are not fully understood. We measured gene expression by microarray analysis in primary cultured human chondrocytes treated with either GH or IGF-I. One of the genes found to be up-regulated by both GH and IGF-I was that encoding cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP). This protein is predominantly found in the extracellular matrix of cartilage. Mutations in the COMP gene have been associated with syndromes of short stature. To verify that COMP is regulated by GH in vivo, we measured COMP levels in serum in short children treated with GH. The study included 113 short prepubertal children (14 girls and 99 boys) with a mean (+/- sd) age of 8.84 +/- 2.76 yr, height sd score of -2.74 +/- 0.67, and IGF-I sd score of -1.21 +/- 1.07 at the start of GH administration. Serum levels of COMP were 1.58 +/- 0.28, 1.83 +/- 0.28 (P < 0.0001), 1.91 +/- 0.28 (P < 0.0001), 1.78 +/- 0.28 (P < 0.001), and 1.70 +/- 0.24 (P < 0.05) microg/ml at baseline and after 1 wk and 1, 3, and 12 months, respectively.In conclusion, we have demonstrated that COMP expression is up-regulated by both GH and IGF-I in primary cultured human chondrocytes. Furthermore, serum levels of COMP increase after the start of GH treatment in short children.
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
- Kilebrant, Sophie, et al.
(författare)
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WHOLE-BODY VIBRATION THERAPY IN CHILDREN WITH SEVERE MOTOR DISABILITIES
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine. - : Foundation for Rehabilitation Information. - 1650-1977 .- 1651-2081. ; 47:3, s. 223-228
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: To study the effect of whole-body vibration therapy on bone mass, bone turnover and body composition in severely disabled children. Methods: Nineteen non-ambulatory children aged 5.1-16.3 years (6 males, 13 females) with severe motor disabilities participated in an intervention programme with standing exercise on a self-controlled dynamic platform, which included whole-body vibration therapy (vibration, jump and rotation movements). Whole-body vibration therapy was performed at 40-42 Hz, with an oscillation amplitude of 0.2 mm, 5-15 min/treatment, twice/week for 6 months. Bone mass parameters and bone markers were measured at the study start, and after 6 and 12 months. Results: Whole-body vibration therapy was appreciated by the children. Total-body bone mineral density increased during the study period (p less than0.05). Z-scores for total-body bone mineral density ranged from -5.10 to -0.60 at study start and remained unchanged throughout. Approximately 50% of the subjects had increased levels of carboxy-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen and decreased levels of osteocalcin at the start. Body mass index did not change during the intervention period, but had increased by the 12-month follow-up (pless than 0.05). Conclusion: Whole-body vibration therapy appeared to be well tolerated by children with severe motor disabilities. Total-body bone mineral density increased after 6 months of whole-body vibration therapy. Higher carboxy-terminal telopeptides of type I collagen and lower osteocalcin values indicated that severely disabled children have a reduced capacity for bone acquisition.
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| 15. |
- Magnusson, Amanda, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Body composition and bone mass among 5-year-old survivors of necrotizing enterocolitis
- 2023
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Ingår i: Pediatric Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0031-3998 .- 1530-0447. ; 93:4, s. 924-931
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) affects the intestine of preterm infants. Preterm infants risk inadequate bone mineralization. This risk may increase if the intestinal uptake of minerals is affected after NEC. Methods This is a study of growth, bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC), and body composition at 5 years of age among Swedish children born before gestational week 37 + 0 with a history of NEC, minimum stage IIA, compared to matched controls. Fifty children, 25 NEC cases and 25 controls, were examined with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and DXA with laser. Results The NEC cases had lower weight, -1.3 SDS vs -0.7 SDS, a lower fat mass and fat percent, 23.4 vs 29.1%, compared to the controls. NEC cases had lower BMC total body head excluded, 355.6 g vs 416.7 g. BMD Z-scores were lower among NEC cases in total body head excluded, -0.7 vs -0.1, and in lumbar spine. Conclusions Preterm NEC survivors at 5 years of age had reduced growth, an altered body composition, and indications of a lower bone mass compared to matched controls. The study suggests that preterm infants diagnosed with NEC need special attention during childhood regarding growth and bone health. Impact A follow-up longitudinal study of growth, bone health, and body composition at 5 years of age among children born preterm with a history of NEC compared to matched controls. The NEC cases had lower weight than controls. NEC cases had an altered body composition with lower fat mass compared to controls. The DXA results showed that the NEC cases had lower bone mineral content and a tendency to lower bone mineral density. The study suggests that preterm infants diagnosed with NEC need special attention at follow-up regarding growth and bone health compared to preterm infants without NEC.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Magnusson, Amanda, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Increased risk of rickets but not fractures during childhood and adolescence following necrotizing enterocolitis among children born preterm in Sweden
- 2019
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Ingår i: Pediatric Research. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 0031-3998 .- 1530-0447. ; 86:1, s. 100-106
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The aim was to clarify whether children born preterm with a history of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) had an increased risk of rickets, fractures, and/or vitamin D deficiency during childhood and adolescence compared to controls without NEC, matched for gestational age. METHODS: All infants born in Sweden between 1987 and 2009 with a gestational age amp;lt;32 + 0 weeks and a diagnosis of NEC were identified. Totally, 465 children with a history of NEC and 2127 controls were included. International Classification of Diseases codes for all categories of fractures, rickets, vitamin D deficiency, and malnutrition were analyzed. RESULTS: In total, 94 of the 465 children with NEC died within 28 days. Of the 2127 controls, 288 died within 28 days. Among the remaining 371 NEC cases, 39 fracture occasions were identified. The 1839 controls had 204 fracture occasions. There was no significant difference in fractures. Rickets was diagnosed in 11 (3%) of the children with a history of NEC compared to 21 (1%) of the controls (odds ratio 2.65, 95% CI 1.26-5.53, p = 0.007). CONCLUSIONS: This study showed an increased risk of rickets but not fractures during childhood and adolescence in children born preterm and with a history of NEC, compared to matched controls.
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| 18. |
- Magnusson, Amanda, 1986, et al.
(författare)
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Population-based study showed that necrotising enterocolitis occurred in space-time clusters with a decreasing secular trend in Sweden
- 2017
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : WILEY. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 106:7, s. 1097-1102
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: This study investigated space-time clustering of neonatal necrotising enterocolitis over three decades. Methods: Space-time clustering analyses objects that are grouped by a specific place and time. The Knox test and Kulldorffs scan statistic were used to analyse space-time clusters in 808 children diagnosed with necrotising enterocolitis in a national cohort of 2 389 681 children born between 1987 and 2009 in Sweden. The municipality the mother lived in and the delivery hospital defined closeness in space and the time between when the cases were born - seven, 14 and 21 days - defined closeness in time. Results: The Knox test showed no indication of space-time clustering at the residential level, but clear indications at the hospital level in all the time windows: seven days (p = 0.026), 14 days (p = 0.010) and 21 days (p = 0.004). Significant clustering at the hospital level was found during 1987-1997, but not during 1998-2009. Kulldorffs scan statistic found seven significant clusters at the hospital level. Conclusion: Space-time clustering was found at the hospital but not residential level, suggesting a contagious environmental effect after delivery, but not in the prenatal period. The decrease in clustering over time may reflect improved routines to minimise the risk of contagion between patients receiving neonatal care.
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| 19. |
- Magnusson, Per, et al.
(författare)
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A prospective study of fibroblast growth factor-23 in children with chronic kidney disease.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Scandinavian journal of clinical and laboratory investigation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1502-7686 .- 0036-5513. ; 70:1, s. 15-20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) is a novel regulator of phosphate metabolism; however, the clinical knowledge is limited in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who are at risk of developing mineral bone disorder. METHODS: This prospective study over 2 years investigated the development of bone mass and bone turnover in relation to serum FGF-23 in children with CKD. Thirteen patients, 4-15 years, were included with a median corrected glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 38 (range 7-74) mL/min/1.73 m(2). RESULTS: Median FGF-23 was 127 RU/mL at baseline and 70 RU/mL at follow-up. Five patients had FGF-23 levels exceeding the upper reference limit of 141 RU/mL for healthy children. No correlation with age or puberty was found. FGF-23 was inversely correlated with GFR, r = -0.73 (p <0.05). Four of the five patients within CKD stages 4-5 (GFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m(2)) had elevated FGF-23 levels and two patients with end-stage renal disease had markedly high levels of FGF-23 (1333 and 1700 RU/mL). One of these patients was transplanted after 1 year, which normalized FGF-23 to 70 RU/mL at follow-up. FGF-23 was significantly associated with PTH, r = 0.69 (p <0.01). FGF-23 correlated with osteocalcin, but not with other markers of bone turnover. Total body bone mineral density (BMD) was not correlated with FGF-23, however, the lumber spine BMD Z-score correlated with FGF-23 at baseline, r = 0.61 (p <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Although a small study group, this prospective study suggests that FGF-23 is associated with GFR, PTH, and lumbar spine BMD in pediatric patients with various degrees of CKD.
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| 20. |
- Nilsson, Anders, 1958, et al.
(författare)
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Expression of functional growth hormone receptors in cultured human osteoblast-like cells.
- 1995
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Ingår i: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - 0021-972X. ; 80:12, s. 3483-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Recent clinical studies indicate that GH is important for bone remodeling. Patients with GH deficiency exhibit decreased bone density, and GH substitution increases bone density in these patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of GH receptors and the effects of GH on cultured human osteoblast-like cells. Primary cultures of human osteoblast-like cells were established from trabecular bone. Northern blot analysis, using a probe recognizing exon 10 of the human GH receptor, revealed a 4.7-kilobase transcript corresponding to the human GH receptor. Cultured osteoblast-like cells expressed, as determined by RNase protection assay, approximately one fourth of the GH receptor messenger RNA levels found in liver. Binding studies using 125I-labeled GH revealed a single class of receptors with approximately 2000 binding sites per cell and an association constant (Ka) of 2.6 x 10(9) M-1. GH stimulation of the cultured cells resulted in increased [3H]thymidine incorporation, suggesting that the GH receptors are functional. In summary, the present study shows that cultured human osteoblast-like cells express functional GH receptors.
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| 21. |
- Nilsson, Cecilia, et al.
(författare)
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Reductions in adipose tissue and skeletal growth in rat adult offspring after prenatal leptin exposure.
- 2003
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Ingår i: The Journal of endocrinology. - 0022-0795. ; 176:1, s. 13-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Leptin is involved in regulating food intake, energy balance and bone formation. Increasing evidence suggests that leptin is also involved in fetal growth and development. The aim of this study was to determine if increased maternal leptin is followed by changes in body composition, skeletal growth or hormonal regulation in the adult rat offspring. Pregnant rats were given injections of either human recombinant leptin (3.5 mg/kg, i.p.) or vehicle on days 8, 10 and 12 of gestation. Both genders of leptin-exposed offspring showed significantly reduced adipose tIssue weight at adult age. Skeletal growth and cortical bone dimensions were significantly reduced. Circulating testosterone levels were significantly increased in female leptin-exposed offspring, and male leptin-exposed offspring had significant testicular enlargement. No significant effects were seen on circulating leptin levels or hypothalamic protein levels of the leptin receptor. The results demonstrate that maternally administered leptin is involved in fetal growth and development, leading to lean offspring with reduced skeletal growth.
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| 22. |
- Novak, Daniel, et al.
(författare)
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Altered cortical bone strength and lean mass in young women with long-duration (19 years) type 1 diabetes
- 2020
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- To investigate bone health and body composition in young women with long-duration type 1 diabetes (T1D) in relation to matched controls. Twenty-three Swedish women, age 19.2-27.9 years, with a T1D duration of 10 years or more were recruited from the Swedish National Diabetes Registry (NDR). An age-, gender- and geography-matched control group was recruited. Bone mass and body composition were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Data was retrieved from the NDR and SWEDIABKIDS registries. T1D individuals had a mean diabetes duration of 19 years. T1D individuals had reduced lean mass (40.0 +/- 6.1 kg vs. 43.9 +/- 4.9 kg) and were shorter (1.66 +/- 0.06 m vs. 1.71 +/- 0.06 m) although comparable BMI. Subjects with T1D had lower muscle area (P = 0.0045). No differences were observed for fractures; physical activity; total, lumbar spine or femur areal bone mineral density. The cortical bone strength strain index was lower for TD1 patients (1875 +/- 399 mm(3) vs. 2277 +/- 332 mm(3)). In conclusion, young women with long-term diabetes duration showed reduced cortical bone strength, decreased periosteal circumference, endosteal circumference and altered body composition. These factors contribute to the health burden of TD1, which warrants further attention for advancing bone health in women with T1D.
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| 23. |
- Ohlsson, Claes, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Establishment of a growth hormone responsive chondrogenic cell line from fetal rat tibia.
- 1993
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Ingår i: Molecular and cellular endocrinology. - 0303-7207. ; 91:1-2, s. 167-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reproducible effects of growth hormone (GH) on primary isolated cells in monolayer are highly dependent on the culture conditions and/or the fraction of GH responsive cells. To study the effect of GH at the cellular level, a homogenous cell line with both GH responsiveness and chondrogenic properties was established. Primary isolated cells from 18-day-old fetal rat tibia were subcultured using a strict protocol for passages (every third day and a seeding density of 15,000/cm2). Of six established cell lines, one fetal tibia cell line No. 5 (FTC 5) expressed adipogenic and chondrogenic properties at a low frequency. Cells from FTC 5 were subcultured in soft agar suspension with the addition of bovine GH (100 ng/ml). After 14 days in culture eight monoclonal cell lines were established from individual large colonies. Two subclones, FTC 5:3 and FTC 5:6, expressed a chondrogenic phenotype as demonstrated by chondrocyte foci, alcian blue staining and production of type II collagen. Further characterization of FTC 5:3 revealed specific binding of bovine GH with an affinity of 1.7 x 10(9) M-1, and approximately 7300 receptors/cell. Northern blot analysis of FTC 5:3 with a 32P-labeled RNA probe complementary to an extracellular part of the rat GH receptor, revealed two major labeled bands (4.0 and 1.2 kilobases). Both GH and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) stimulated 3H-thymidine uptake in FTC 5:3 (194 +/- 28% and 405 +/- 127% over control, respectively), while proteoglycan synthesis, as measured by [35S]sulphate uptake, was stimulated by IGF-I only (101 +/- 18% over control).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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| 24. |
- Patlaka, Christina, et al.
(författare)
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Intensive weight gain therapy in patients with anorexia nervosa results in improved serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) 5a and 5b isoform protein levels
- 2020
-
Ingår i: Eating and Weight Disorders. - : SPRINGER. - 1124-4909 .- 1590-1262. ; 25:5, s. 1387-1397
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) exists as isoforms 5a and 5b. TRAP 5a is a biomarker of chronic inflammation and influences adipose tissue and 5b associates with bone metabolism/pathologies. The aim was to investigate the association of serum TRAP 5a/5b isoforms with fat and bone markers and anthropometric parameters in patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) during weight gain therapy. Methods Twenty-five Swedish female AN patients, age 16-24 years, were treated for 12 weeks with a high-energy diet with six meals daily. Serum TRAP 5a/5b, markers of fat/glucose metabolism, markers of bone resorption and formation were measured. Parameters of bone and body composition were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Results BMI increased from median 15.4 kg/m(2)to 19.0 kg/m(2),p < 0.0001. TRAP 5a and 5a/5b ratio increased but TRAP 5b decreased during the study. TRAP Delta 5a and Delta 5b correlated with Delta insulin and Delta adiponectin, respectively. TRAP 5b correlated with trabecular density at start but not at week 12. At 12 weeks, TRAP 5b correlated with CTX, and Delta decrease in TRAP 5b correlated to Delta increase in bone-specific alkaline phosphatase. Conclusions This clinical interventional study resulted in increased BMI in patients with AN. The decreased TRAP 5b protein levels confirm a role for TRAP 5b as a marker of bone resorption, whereas increased TRAP 5a seemed to derive from systemic changes in bone as well as metabolic changes. The combined detection of TRAP 5a and TRAP 5b in serum could be an indicator of improved bone metabolism.
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Pettersson, Cecilia, 1962, et al.
(författare)
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Dietary intake and nutritional status in adolescents and young adults with anorexia nervosa: A 3-year follow-up study
- 2021
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Ingår i: Clinical Nutrition. - : Elsevier BV. - 0261-5614. ; 40:10, s. 5391-5398
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background & aims: Patients with anorexia nervosa (AN) restrict their dietary intake leading to malnutrition. Information is scarce on nutrition status during recovery. The aim of the study was to investigate dietary intake, body composition, biochemistry, and status in young women three years after hospital treatment due to severe restrictive AN. Methods: Dietary intake from four-day food records were compared to a reference group and the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations. Body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Serum levels of vitamin A, E, D, folate, and ferritin were assessed. Results: Three years after hospital treatment for AN, 12 subjects (60%) were recovered or in partial remission from AN. Subnormal values of body fat and skeletal muscle mass were present in 30% and 25%. Energy intake was 1730 kcal/day (min-max 705-2441) or 33 kcal/kg/day (16-54). Most (80%) had a total energy intake/day below the estimated needs and 6 (32%) had energy intakes below 1550 kcal/day. Micronutrient intakes from food were low; 16 (85%) had intakes below recommendations of iron, folate, and vitamin D. Serum levels of vitamins A, E, D, and folate were on average adequate; but a subnormal value (<50 nmol/L) of vitamin D was found in 20%. Ferritin levels were significantly lower at follow-up, and 25% had values below reference range. Return of menstruation was dependent of energy intake and body fat. Conclusions: A regular and careful assessment of nutritional status along with nutritional counseling during recovery is recommended to reduce malnutrition in patients with AN. (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Sioen, I., et al.
(författare)
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The relationship between paediatric calcaneal quantitative ultrasound measurements and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and DXA with laser (DXL) as well as body composition
- 2011
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Ingår i: International Journal of Obesity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0307-0565 .- 1476-5497. ; 35:Supplement 1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) is a quick, non-invasive and inexpensive method to measure bone strength. Moreover, the device is portable, which makes it easy to be used in the field. In contrast to other bone measuring techniques, QUS does not use any ionised radiation. However, the validity of QUS in the measurement of bone health and the relationship between QUS output and body composition have not been assessed in very young children. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between paediatric calcaneal QUS and both dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and calcaneal DXA with laser (DXL) and body composition parameters. SUBJECTS: A total of 37 Belgian children (10 boys and 27 girls; 4 to 8 years old) underwent a calcaneal QUS as well as a DXA scan. A total of 24 Swedish children (15 boys and 9 girls; 3 to 5 years old) underwent a calcaneal QUS as well as a heel DXL scan. The height and weight of all children were measured. RESULTS: The QUS stiffness index (SI) was significantly negatively correlated with bone mineral density (BMD) of the total body (r=-0.370, P=0.02). No significant correlations were found between the SI and DXL results. In the total sample, the SI showed a significant positive correlation with body mass index (BMI) (r=0.298, P=0.02), even after correction for age, gender and centre. In the Belgian sample, the SI was also significantly positively correlated with total body fat mass content (r=0.416, P=0.01) and body fat percentage (r=0.566, P<0.01) obtained by whole-body DXA. CONCLUSION: The SI measured by QUS does not correlate significantly with BMD values measured by DXA or DXL in 3- to 8-year-old children. However, there is a significant positive correlation between SI and BMI and body fat %.
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| 30. |
- Skogastierna, Carin, et al.
(författare)
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Impaired renal clearance among Swedish adolescents born preterm
- 2022
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatrica. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 111:9, s. 1722-1728
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim To determine whether adolescents born before 28 gestational weeks have an increased risk for renal impairment. Methods Swedish infants, born before 28 gestational weeks in 2001 and 2002, were identified from a local register. A total of 16 children, 12 females and 4 males, were examined at 16-17 years of age with Cr-51-EDTA clearance. A comparison group (n = 26) was used. Results Most study participants (n = 13) had normal blood pressure; one individual had hypertension stage 1. All study participants had results within the reference interval for ionised calcium, parathyroid hormone, intact fibroblast growth factor-23 and for urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio. Four out of 16 participants (25%) had a Cr-51-EDTA clearance less than 90 ml/min/1.73 m(2), indicating a reduced kidney function. Measured Cr-51-EDTA clearance values were significantly lower in the study group than in the comparison group (p = 0.0012). Five study participants (31%) were referred for further investigations. Conclusion Swedish children born before 28 gestational weeks have an increased risk of renal impairment later in life, suggesting that the kidney function in these individuals should be assessed, at least once, during adolescence.
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| 31. |
- Slootweg, M C, et al.
(författare)
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Estrogen enhances growth hormone receptor expression and growth hormone action in rat osteosarcoma cells and human osteoblast-like cells.
- 1997
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Ingår i: The Journal of endocrinology. - 0022-0795. ; 155:1, s. 159-64
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Postmenopausal bone loss is primarily due to estrogen deficiency. Recent clinical observation demonstrate that GH increases bone mass in GH deficient patients. The present study investigates whether estrogen regulates GH action and GH receptor expression in osteoblasts. 17 beta-estradiol or GH added to the culture medium as single substances did not influence rat osteosarcoma cell proliferation nor human osteoblast-like (hOB) cell proliferation. However, together they synergistically induced osteoblast proliferation (rat osteosarcoma cells 160.1 +/- 15.5% of control cells; human osteoblast-like cells 159.6 +/- 5.1% of control cells). 17 beta-estradiol stimulated 125I-GH binding and GH receptor (GHR) mRNA levels in rat osteosarcoma cells. The stimulatory effect of estradiol was time dependent, reaching a peak after 8 h of incubation with 17 beta-estradiol (binding 216.9 +/- 27.8% and mRNA 374.6 +/- 30.8% of control). The finding that estradiol stimulated 125I-GH binding was confirmed in human osteoblast-like cells. In these cells, 17 beta-estradiol (10(-12) M) increased 125I-GH binding to 203.8 +/- 3.6% of control levels. We conclude that estrogen stimulates GH activity as well as GH binding and GHR mRNA levels in osteoblasts. These findings indicate that estrogen potentiates the effect of GH at the receptor level.
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| 32. |
- Svedlund, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Bone mass and biomarkers in young women with anorexia nervosa: a prospective 3-year follow-up study
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0914-8779 .- 1435-5604. ; 40:6, s. 974-989
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Anorexia nervosa (AN) increases the risk of impaired bone health, low areal bone mineral density (aBMD), and subsequent fractures. This prospective study investigated the long-term effects of bone and mineral metabolism on bone and biomarkers in 22 women with AN. Materials and methods Body composition and aBMD were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and peripheral quantitative computed tomography. Total and free 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD), C-terminal collagen cross-links (CTX), osteocalcin, bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), leptin, sclerostin, and oxidized/non-oxidized parathyroid hormone (PTH) were analyzed before and after 12 weeks of intensive nutrition therapy and again 3 years later. An age-matched comparison group of 17 healthy women was recruited for the 3-year follow-up. Results Body mass index (BMI) and fat mass increased from baseline to 3 years in women with AN. Sclerostin decreased during nutrition therapy and further over 3 years, indicating reduced bone loss. CTX was elevated at baseline and after 12 weeks but decreased over 3 years. BALP increased during nutrition therapy and stabilized over 3 years. Free 25OHD was stable during treatment but decreased over 3 years. Non-oxidized PTH was stable during treatment but increased over 3 years. Trabecular volumetric BMD in AN patients decreased during the first 12 weeks and over 3 years despite stable BMI and bone biomarkers implying increased BMD. Conclusion Our findings highlight the importance of early detection and organized long-term follow-up of bone health in young women with a history of AN.
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| 33. |
- Svedlund, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Prospective study of growth and bone mass in Swedish children treated with the modified Atkins diet.
- 2019
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Ingår i: European journal of paediatric neurology : EJPN : official journal of the European Paediatric Neurology Society. - : Elsevier BV. - 1532-2130 .- 1090-3798. ; 23:4, s. 629-638
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The modified Atkins diet (MAD) is a less restrictive treatment option than the ketogenic diet (KD) for intractable epilepsy and some metabolic conditions. Prolonged KD treatment may decrease bone mineralization and affect linear growth; however, long-term studies of MAD treatment are lacking. This study was designed to assess growth, body composition, and bone mass in children on MAD treatment for 24 months.Thirty-eight patients, mean age (SD) 6.1 years (4.8 years), 21 girls, with intractable epilepsy (n=22), glucose transporter type 1 deficiency syndrome (n=7), or pyruvate dehydrogenase complex deficiency (n=9) were included. Body weight, height, body mass index (BMI), bone mass, and laboratory tests (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3) were assessed at baseline and after 24 months of MAD treatment.Approximately 50% of the patients responded with more than 50% seizure reduction. Weight and height standard deviation score (SDS) were stable over 24 months, whereas median (minimum - maximum) BMI SDS increased from 0.2 (-3.3 to 4.5) to 0.7 (-0.9 to 2.6), p<0.005. No effects were observed for bone mass (total body, lumbar spine and hip) or fat mass.The MAD was efficient in reducing seizures, and no negative effect was observed on longitudinal growth or bone mass after MAD treatment for 24 months.
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| 34. |
- Svedlund, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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The Significance of the FTO Gene for Weight and Body Composition in Swedish Women With Severe Anorexia Nervosa During Intensive Nutrition Therapy
- 2022
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Ingår i: Journal of the American College of Nutrition. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0731-5724 .- 1541-1087. ; 41:6, s. 594-599
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the potential influence of the fat mass and obesity-associated gene (FTO), SNP rs9939609, on body mass index (BMI) and body composition in women with anorexia nervosa (AN) undergoing intensive nutrition therapy. Method: Twenty-five female patients with AN (20.1 +/- 2.3 years; BMI, 15.5 +/- 0.9 kg/m(2)) were included for 12 weeks of treatment with a high-energy diet. FTO was genotyped and body composition parameters were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and peripheral quantitative computed tomography at baseline and after 12 weeks. Results: The distribution of the different FTO genotypes were as follows: AA, 24%; TA, 48%; and TT, 28%. Patients gained a median of 9.8 kg (range, 5.5-17.0 kg) and BMI increased to 19.0 +/- 0.9 kg/m(2). The increase in BMI, fat mass, and the quotient fat/muscle area was significant for the TT and TA genotype groups. Total lean mass was stable in all genotype groups. We could not demonstrate any difference among the 3 FTO genotypes related to the increases in BMI during nutrition therapy when the additive, dominant, and recessive models of inheritance were applied. Conclusions: Irrespective of the FTO genotype, there was no difference in weight response during nutrition therapy. Hence, in this small study there was limited support for individualized nutrition therapy for AN based on FTO genotype.
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| 35. |
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| 36. |
- Svedlund, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Vitamin D status in young Swedish women with anorexia nervosa during intensive weight gain therapy
- 2017
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nutrition. - : SPRINGER HEIDELBERG. - 1436-6207 .- 1436-6215. ; 56:6, s. 2061-2067
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with reduced bone mass and an increased fracture risk. The aim was to evaluate the vitamin D status and the association with body mass index (BMI), fat mass and bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with severe AN during a prospective intervention study of intensive nutrition therapy. Methods This study comprised 25 Swedish female AN patients (20.1 +/- 2.3 years), who were treated as inpatients for 12 weeks with a high-energy diet. Serum 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH) D), calcium, phosphate and parathyroid hormone (PTH) were measured. BMD and body composition were assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at study start and after 12 weeks. Results Twenty-two patients completed the study. The mean weight gain was 9.9 kg and BMI (mean +/- SD) increased from 15.5 +/- 0.9 to 19.0 +/- 0.9 kg/m(2), P amp;lt; 0.0001. Fat mass increased from median 12 to 27 %. The median serum 25(OH) D level was 84 nmol/L at baseline, which decreased to 76 nmol/L, P amp;lt; 0.05. PTH increased from median 21.9 to 30.0 ng/L, P amp;lt; 0.0001. BMC increased during the study period, P amp;lt; 0.001. Conclusions Serum 25(OH) D levels were adequate both at study start and completion, however, nominally decreased after the 12-week nutritional intervention. PTH increased subsequently, which coincide with the decreased 25(OH) D levels. The reduction in 25(OH) D could be due to an increased storage of vitamin D related to the increase in fat mass since vitamin D is sequestered in adipose tissue.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
- Swolin-Eide, Diana, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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A 3-year longitudinal study of skeletal effects and growth in children after kidney transplantation
- 2018
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Ingår i: Pediatric Transplantation. - : Wiley. - 1397-3142 .- 1399-3046. ; 22:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This prospective study investigated growth and skeletal development for 3years after kidney transplantation in pediatric patients, 3.4-15.0years of age. Growth, BMD, bone resorption markers (CTX and TRACP5b), bone formation markers (PINP, ALP, and osteocalcin), PTH, and vitamin D were assessed at start, 3, 12, and 36months after transplantation. Median GFR was 63 (range 37-96) mL/min/1.73m(2) after 3years. The median height SDS increased from -1.7 to -1.1, and median BMI SDS increased from -0.1 to 0.6 over 3years, which shows that transplantation had a favorable outcome on growth. Fat mass increased after transplantation at all time points, whereas lean mass increased after 1year and 3years. Total BMC increased at all time points. No changes were observed for total BMD. Bone resorption markers decreased initially after 3months and remained stable throughout the study, whereas the bone formation markers decreased initially, but successively increased over the study period. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that height SDS and BMI SDS increased, along with the increased formation markers that reveal a positive bone acquisition after kidney transplantation, which was reflected by the significant increase in total body BMC.
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| 39. |
- Swolin-Eide, Diana, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Affected skeletal growth but normal bone mineralization in rat offspring after prenatal dexamethasone exposure.
- 2002
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Ingår i: The Journal of endocrinology. - 0022-0795. ; 174:3, s. 411-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Events occurring early in life or prenatally are able to play important roles in the pathogenesis of diseases in adult life. Different sorts of stress or hormonal influences, during particular periods of pregnancy, may result in persisting or transient changes in physiology. Glucocorticoids are used for the treatment of a variety of diseases, to promote organ maturation and to prevent preterm delivery. Glucocorticoids are also known to affect skeletal growth and adult bone metabolism. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether exposure to dexamethasone (Dex) during fetal life has any effect on skeletal growth and/or bone mineral density in adult rat offspring. Pregnant rats were given injections of either Dex (100 micro g/kg) or vehicle on days 9, 11 and 13 of gestation. Dex-exposed male but not female rat offspring showed transient increases in crown-rump length and tibia and femur lengths at 3-6 weeks of age. In contrast, the cortical bone dimensions were altered in 12-week-old female but not male Dex-exposed offspring. The areal bone mineral densities of the long bones and the spine, as determined by dual X-ray absorptiometry, and trabecular as well as cortical volumetric bone mineral density, as measured using peripheral quantitative computerized tomography, were unchanged in both male and female Dex-exposed offspring. In conclusion, prenatal Dex exposure affects skeletal growth in a gender-specific manner, while the mineralization of bones is unaffected in both male and female offspring.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Swolin-Eide, Diana, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Bone mass, biochemical markers and growth in children with chronic kidney disease: a 1-year prospective study
- 2007
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Ingår i: Acta Paediatr. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 96:5, s. 720-5
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIM: This study was designed to investigate bone mineral density (BMD), growth parameters and biochemical markers in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS: Sixteen patients, 4-18 years, with CKD were prospectively followed for 1 year. Auxological data, body composition, BMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, bone age, bone turnover markers, vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH), leptin, osteoprotegerin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and IGF binding protein-3 were measured. A questionnaire regarding bone health and diet was also performed. RESULTS: Delayed bone age was observed (n = 11) and the BMD Z-scores for total body were below zero in seven patients. However, total body BMD (TBBMD) increased in 12 patients. Most patients had increased osteocalcin and carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen, but normal alkaline phosphatase, type I procollagen intact amino-terminal propeptide and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b. Ten patients had increased PTH. Most children had normal levels of leptin, osteoprotegerin, IGF-I and IGFBP-3. Leptin, at baseline, correlated with differences in TBBMD over 1 year. CONCLUSIONS: Only seven (44%) had negative Z-scores and TBBMD increased over 1 year. Bone markers at baseline did not predict the longitudinal changes in BMD.
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| 42. |
- Swolin-Eide, Diana, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Children with chronic kidney disease : a 3-year prospective study of growth, bone mass and bone turnover
- 2009
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Ingår i: ACTA PAEDIATRICA. - : Wiley. - 0803-5253 .- 1651-2227. ; 98:2, s. 367-373
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at risk of developing skeletal problems. This 3-year prospective study investigated the development of bone mass and bone turnover in children with CKD. Methods: Fifteen patients, 4-15 years, were included with a median glomerular filtration rate of 48 (range 8-94) mL/min/1.73 m(2). Bone mineral density (BMD) and markers of bone and mineral metabolism were investigated over a 3-year period. Results: Growth was satisfactory but a delayed bone age was observed. Total body bone mineral density (TBBMD) Z-scores were below zero in five patients at start and after 3 years, but none had a Z-score below -2.5. Lumbar spine BMD Z-scores were below zero in three patients at start and in five patients after 3 years. The median TBBMD and lumbar spine Z-scores did not change during the study period. Eleven CKD patients had increased PTH levels at baseline and 13 patients after 3 years. Most children had normal levels of leptin and vitamin D. Almost 50% of the patients had increased osteoprotegerin levels after 3 years. Conclusion: A normal BMD does not exclude mineral bone disorder in patients with CKD, yet the BMD Z-scores were well preserved and most markers of bone turnover were within the reference intervals.
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| 43. |
- Swolin-Eide, Diana, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Circulating microRNAs in young individuals with long-duration type 1 diabetes in comparison with healthy controls.
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific reports. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 2045-2322. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that are involved in post-transcriptional control of gene expression and might be used as biomarkers for diabetes-related complications. The aim of this case-control study was to explore potential differences in circulating miRNAs in young individuals with long-duration type 1 diabetes (T1D) compared to healthy controls, and how identified miRNAs are expressed across different tissues. Twelve adolescents, age 15.0-17.9years, with T1D duration of more than 8years (mean 11.1years), were enrolled from the Swedish diabetes quality registry. An age-matched control group was recruited. Circulating miRNAs (n=187) were analyzed by quantitative PCR. We observed that 27 miRNAs were upregulated and one was downregulated in T1D. Six of these miRNAs were tissue-enriched (blood cells, gastrointestinal, nerve, and thyroid tissues). Six miRNAs with the largest difference in plasma, five up-regulated (hsa-miR-101-3p, hsa-miR-135a-5p, hsa-miR-143-3p, hsa-miR-223-3p and hsa-miR-410-3p (novel for T1D)) and one down-regulated (hsa-miR-495-3p), with P-values below 0.01, were selected for further in-silico analyses. AKT1, VEGFA and IGF-1 were identified as common targets. In conclusion, 28 of the investigated miRNAs were differently regulated in long-duration T1D in comparison with controls. Several associations with cancer were found for the six miRNAs with the largest difference in plasma.
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| 44. |
- Swolin-Eide, Diana, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Cortisol decreases IGF-I mRNA levels in human osteoblast-like cells.
- 1996
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Ingår i: The Journal of endocrinology. - 0022-0795. ; 149:3, s. 397-403
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Excess levels of glucocorticoids are known to cause osteoporosis. It is speculated that the effect of glucocorticoids could be mediated via regulation of IGF-I. The aims of the present study were to detect and quantify the expression of IGF-I and/or IGF-II mRNA transcripts in human osteoblast-like cells and to investigate whether glucocorticoids regulate the expression of IGF-I mRNA transcripts in human osteoblast-like cells. Cultures of human osteoblast-like cells from trabecular bone were established. The IGF-IA and IGF-IB transcripts were detected in human osteoblast-like cells from seven out of nine patients while the IGF-II transcript was detected in human osteoblast-like cells from eight out of nine patients, as determined by RT-PCR assays. Human osteoblast-like cells, as well as human muscle tissue, expressed approximately 1/10 of the IGF-I mRNA levels found in liver, as determined by RNase protection solution hybridization assay. The IGF-I mRNA levels did not decrease with age in the human osteoblast-like cells and no difference was seen between males and females. However, cortisol (10(-6) mol/l) decreased IGF-I mRNA levels. In summary, the present study has shown that human osteoblast-like cells express IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA transcripts and that cortisol down-regulates the IGF-I mRNA levels, indicating that some of the inhibitory effect of glucocorticoids on bone formation in humans is mediated via a reduced autocrine/paracrine expression of IGF-I.
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| 45. |
- Swolin-Eide, Diana, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Cortisol increases growth hormone-receptor expression in human osteoblast-like cells.
- 1998
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Ingår i: The Journal of endocrinology. - 0022-0795. ; 156:1, s. 99-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is well known that high levels of glucocorticoids cause osteoporosis and that physiologic levels of growth hormone (GH) are required for normal bone remodeling. It has been suggested that glucocorticoids regulate GH-responses via the regulation of GH-receptor expression. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether cortisol plays a role in the regulation of GH-receptor expression in cultured human osteoblasts. The effect of serum starvation and cortisol on GH-receptor expression was tested in human osteoblast (hOB)-like cells. Serum starvation for 24 h resulted in an increase in GH-receptor mRNA levels (90 +/- 1% over control culture). Cortisol increased GH-receptor mRNA levels in a dose-dependent manner with a maximal effect at 10(-6)M. The stimulating effect of cortisol on GH-receptor mRNA levels was time-dependent, reaching a peak 12 h after the addition of cortisol (126 +/- 29% over control culture) and remaining up to 12 h later. The increase in GH-receptor mRNA levels was accompanied by an increase in 125I-GH binding which reached a maximum at 24 h (196 +/- 87% over control culture). In conclusion, glucocorticoids increase GH-receptor expression in hOB-like cells. Further studies are needed to clarify whether glucocorticoid-induced regulation of the GH-receptor is important in human bone physiology.
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| 46. |
- Swolin-Eide, Diana, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Does Whole-Body Vibration Treatment Make Childrens Bones Stronger?
- 2020
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Ingår i: CURRENT OSTEOPOROSIS REPORTS. - : SPRINGER. - 1544-1873 .- 1544-2241. ; 18, s. 471-479
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose of Review To summarize the last 10 years of literature regarding the effects of whole-body vibration (WBV) on bone in children, and if WBV results in increased bone acquisition. Recent Findings WBV intervention appears to be a safe intervention with beneficial effects on bone mass in some diseases and syndromes, but there is still low evidence for WBV in clinical practice. The positive effects on muscle strength, balance, and walking speed are more conclusive. One of the takeaways of this review is that well-trained individuals may not further improve bone mass with WBV; thus, interventions are more beneficial in pediatric individuals with Down syndrome or severe motor disabilities with low bone mass and reduced activity levels. WBV appears to be a safe non-pharmacological anabolic approach to increase bone mass in some pediatric populations; however, longer (> 6 months) and larger prospective studies are needed to elucidate the efficacy of WBV on bone health in young individuals.
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| 47. |
- Swolin-Eide, Diana, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of cortisol on the expression of interleukin-6 and interleukin-1 beta in human osteoblast-like cells.
- 1998
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Ingår i: The Journal of endocrinology. - 0022-0795. ; 156:1, s. 107-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High levels of glucocorticoids are believed to alter bone remodeling by decreasing bone formation and increasing bone resorption. It has been suggested that different cytokines, like interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1 (IL-1), are involved in bone resorption by activating immature osteoclasts, and some studies indicate that IL-6 promotes bone formation by a mitogenic effect on osteoblasts. The aim of the present investigation was to study whether cortisol regulates the expression of IL-6 and IL-1 beta in human osteoblast-like cells. A high dose of cortisol (10(-7)M) decreased, as expected, the C-terminal propeptide of type I collagen released into the culture medium. The IL-6 mRNA levels and IL-6 protein released into the culture medium were also decreased by cortisol in a dose-dependent manner. The maximum effect was seen at 1 microM cortisol (mRNA 23.1 +/- 7.9% of control culture; protein 28.2 +/- 8.3% of control culture). The decrease in IL-6 mRNA levels was apparent 4 h after the addition of cortisol and was still present 20 h later. The decrease in IL-6 protein released into the culture medium was seen 20 h later than the decrease in IL-6 mRNA levels. The production of IL-1 beta protein released into the culture medium was decreased in a dose-dependent manner after the addition of cortisol with a maximum effect at 1 microM. The effect of cortisol on IL-1 beta protein released into the culture medium was seen 16 h after the addition of cortisol. To summarize, cortisol decreases the expression of IL-6 as well as IL-1 beta in human osteoblast-like cells.
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| 48. |
- Swolin-Eide, Diana, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Growth hormone increases interleukin-6 produced by human osteoblast-like cells.
- 1996
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Ingår i: The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism. - 0021-972X. ; 81:12, s. 4329-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Physiological levels of GH are necessary for normal bone remodeling. GH treatment increases bone resorption and results in enhanced bone formation. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the GH-induced increase in bone resorption could be mediated by a regulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6) production by human osteoblast-like cells. Cultures of human osteoblast-like cells were established from trabecular bone. Ribonuclease protection analysis demonstrated a high expression of the IL-6 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) transcript in osteoblast-like cells, bone, and muscle, whereas expression was lower in liver. GH increased IL-6 mRNA levels as well as IL-6 protein released into the culture medium from human osteoblast-like cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, with a maximal effect at 100 micrograms/L (mRNA, 322 +/- 95% of control; protein, 576 +/- 155% of control). In conclusion, GH increases IL-6 produced by human osteoblast-like cells. This in vitro evidence suggests, for the first time, a mechanistic paradigm by which GH modulates bone resorption.
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| 49. |
- Swolin-Eide, Diana, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Learning from consultations in pediatric ambulatory care: students’ and parents’ evaluations
- 2008
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Ingår i: AMEE Conference Programme Prague 2008.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Learning from consultations in pediatric ambulatory care: students’ and parents’ evaluations Diana Swolin-Eide1, Mats Wahlqvist2, Ola Hjalmarson1 1Dept of Pediatrics, Queen Silvia Childrens Hospital, 2 Dept of Community Medicine and Public Health/Primary Health Care, 1,2Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Sweden Background: Consultations represent rich learning sources in medical education. Aims of this study were to evaluate a structured learning model of consultations in pediatric ambulatory practice by studying final-year students’ and parents’ experiences. Work done: Forty students attending a final-year course in pediatrics in the spring 2007 and 40 parents participated. Prior to the consultation, a referral of an ordinary pediatric out-patient was sent to each student along with a structured tool for formative assessment. Students worked in pairs. A teacher and a peer student observed student’s performance, followed by feed-back, shared reflection and final clinical management. Each module comprised three hours. Participants answered a semi-structured questionnaire and all responded. Of the students, 95 % reported that they learned a lot, 85 % that their role as a physician was strengthened and 78 % appreciated the feedback. Students especially valued to check themselves in clinical practice and to train pediatric clinical examination skills; interaction with both children and parents. Among the parents, 100 % appreciated the safety of the model and no negative side-effects were reported. Conclusion: Although time-consuming, a structured model for students’ learning from ambulatory pediatric consultations was evaluated as very helpful by both students and parents.
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| 50. |
- Swolin-Eide, Diana, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Prenatal exposure to IL-1beta results in disturbed skeletal growth in adult rat offspring
- 2004
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Ingår i: Pediatr Res. ; 55:4, s. 598-603
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Events occurring early in life or prenatally are able to play important roles in the pathogenesis of diseases in adult life. Different sorts of stress or hormonal influences, during particular periods of pregnancy, may result in persistent or transient changes in physiology. IL-1 is a multifunctional cytokine that is involved in bone metabolism. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether exposure to IL-1beta during fetal life has any effect on skeletal growth or bone mineral density in adult rat offspring. Pregnant rats were given intraperitoneal injections of IL-1beta, 1 microg/rat, or saline on days 8, 10, and 12 of gestation. Male IL-1-exposed offspring showed reduced height, areal bone mineral density, and bone mineral content at vertebra L5. Tibial length was reduced in both male and female offspring. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography analyses revealed reduced cortical bone mineral content caused by a decreased cortical cross-sectional area as a result of a decreased cortical thickness, whereas there was no reduction in the amount of trabecular bone in the tibia of male offspring. Our results demonstrate that prenatal exposure to IL-1 can induce specific programming of skeletal tissue. In conclusion, prenatal IL-1 exposure results in decreased skeletal growth and a reduced amount of cortical bone but unchanged trabecular bone mineral density in adult rat offspring.
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