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- Kulmala, Satu-Maria A., et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence of the most common high-risk HPV genotypes among women in three new independent states of the former Soviet Union
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Virology. - : Wiley. - 0146-6615 .- 1096-9071. ; 79:6, s. 771-781
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Type distribution of HPV has been studied in different geographic regions, but the data are scanty from the new independent states of the former Soviet Union. Here the HPV prevalence and distribution of the most frequent high-risk HPV types among 3,187 women at different risk for HPV and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia in Russia, Belarus, and Latvia is reported. HPV detection, type distribution and viral load analysis in DNA samples from cervical scrapes were done with real-time PCR-based assay detecting HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 35, 39, 45, 52, and 58. The overall HPV prevalence was 31.2%, HPV16 was the most prevalent type followed by HPV31 and HPV33 group. The overall HPV prevalences in Russia, Belarus and Latvia were 33.4%, 27.5%, and 26.2%. The type distributions were similar in these countries, except for Latvia where HPV39 was the third prevalent genotype. HPV prevalence was highest (40.8%) among women from sexually transmitted disease clinic, followed by 30.9% among gynecological outpatients and 27.2% in screening patients. HPV detection increased with cytological abnormality (P = 0.0001) and lesion grade in the biopsy (P = 0.0001), from 27% to 72% in normal samples to cancer, and from 64% to 77% in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 1 to cancer. The normalized viral loads varied greatly between and among different HPV-types. The mean log HPV33 group copies/cell increased from negative for intraepithelial lesions to cancer (P = 0.049). Distribution of the most common high-risk HPV-types seems to be similar in these countries as reported in other major geographical regions.
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| 2. |
- Kulmala, Satu-Maria A., et al.
(författare)
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Type-specific persistence of high-risk human papillomavirus infections in the New Independent States of the former Soviet Union Cohort Study
- 2007
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Ingår i: Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers and Prevention. - 1055-9965 .- 1538-7755. ; 16:1, s. 17-22
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Prospective follow-up studies have recently suggested that persistent high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infections play a key role in the progression of CIN lesions and in the development of cervical cancer. However, data on type-specific persistence, viral integration, and the role of multiple infections are scanty. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional/cohort study was conducted between 1998 and 2002 in three New Independent States of the former Soviet Union comprising a cohort of 3,187 women, of whom 854 women were followed up for a mean of 17 months (SD, 11.6). HPV genotyping was done with real-time PCR, detecting HPV types 16, 18/45, 31, 33/52/58, 35, and 39. The integration status of HPV16 was examined by using a novel Taqman-based PCR method. Results: The mean clearance time for the individual high– risk–type infection was 16.5 months (range = 0.9-34.9 months). HPV16 and HPV31 were the most persistent infections (clearance times = 18.1 and 16.2 months, respectively), whereas HPV39 infections cleared most rapidly. The mean copies per cell in HPV18/45, HPV31, HPV33/52/58, and HPV39 infections were higher in persisting HPV infections than in HPV infections that cleared, but the difference was not significant. Integration of HPV16 was not found to correlate with HPV persistence. Conclusions: A large proportion of women remained high-risk HPV positive after 18 months. Coinfection with multiple HPV types, viral load, or integration status did not correlate with persistence of high-risk HPV infections.
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| 3. |
- Holm, Anna M., 1989-
(författare)
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Human papillomavirus in sinonasal inverted papilloma, recurrent respiratory papilloma and non-malignant tonsils
- 2019
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is known to cause recurrent respiratory papilloma (RRP) and certain types of oropharyngeal cancer. HPV has also been associated with sinonasal inverted papilloma (SIP). HPV transmission routes are under investigation and the conviction is that the infection occurs sexually at an adult stage, however, vertical transmission at birth with a dormant viral condition until disease eruption/co-activation has been stated as a possibility.Purpose: The purpose of this work was to contribute to the understanding of HPV related chronic diseases in the airway. Specific aims were: 1. To increase understanding regarding changes in the immune system as well as of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan in patients with RRP. 2. To evaluate prevalence of HPV and its surrogate marker p16 in SIP as well as HPV, p16 and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in benign tonsillar disease. HPV and EBV in non-malignant tonsillar disease were studied due to the fact that incidence of HPV positive tonsillar cancer is increasing and the time of viral infection is unknown.Methods: A phenotypic characterization of peripheral blood from 16 RRP patients and 12 age-matched controls, using immunoflow cytometry, and monoclonal antibodies against differentiation and activation markers, was performed. The cytokine mRNA profile of monocytes, T helper-, T cytotoxic-, and NK cells was assessed using RT-qPCR. 54 SIP samples were studied of which 53 were available for analyzation with PCR. Genotype screening for 18 high risk and six low risk HPV types was performed using the PapilloCheck® HPV-screening test (a PCR method). 54 samples were immunohistochemically (IHC) stained for p16. Biopsies from vocal folds (VFs) and false vocal folds (FVFs) were collected from 24 patients with RRP, 12 were randomly selected to histochemistry for Hyaluronan (HA) and IHC staining for CD44 in the epithelium, stroma and RRP lesions. The remaining 12 patients were analyzed for HA molecular mass distribution with a gas-phase electrophoretic molecular mobility analyzer (GEMMA). Eight VF samples and four FVF samples were successfully analyzed. Biopsies from 40 non-malignant tonsils were analyzed using Papillocheck® for HPV, IHC for p16 and EBER analysis for EBV.Results: We found a dominance of cytotoxic T cells, activated NK cells, and high numbers of stressed MIC A/B (MHC class I chain-related molecule A/B) expressing lymphocytes. The HPV analysis was successful for 38 SIP samples and two (5%) were positive for HPV 11. Notably, p16 was present in the epithelia of all samples and in the papilloma portions in 37 of 38 samples. We found extensive HA staining in the stroma of both VFs and FVFs. CD44 was expressed throughout the epithelium, stroma, and RRP lesions in both FVFs and VFs, it did however, not concur with the expression of HA. Very high mass HA was found in both VFs and FVFs, though more variation regarding amounts of HA was seen in the VFs compared to FVFs. No HPV was found in non-malignant tonsils, the p16 levels were low and the counted EBER positive cells showed great variation in numbers.Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate an immune dysregulation with inverted CD4+/CD8+ ratio and aberrant cytokine mRNA production in RRP patients, compared to healthy controls. We concluded that p16 cannot be used as a surrogate marker for high-risk HPV-infection in SIP and that HPV incidence was low (5%). CD44 does not seem to bind to HA, which might explain the noninflammatory response previously described in RRP. Very high mass HA possibly crosslinked was seen in both VFs and FVFs. A possibility to counteract inflammatory crosslinking of HA may be found for medical treatment options in RRP.
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