| 1. |
- Araki, N.H.T., et al.
(författare)
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Phylogeography of Larix sukaczewii Dyl. and Larix sibirica L. inferred from nucleotide variation of nuclear genes
- 2008
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Ingår i: Tree Genetics & Genomes. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1614-2942 .- 1614-2950. ; 4, s. 611-623
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We investigated phylogeography of Larix sukaczewii and Larix sibirica using nucleotide variation at three following nuclear gene regions: 5.8 S rDNA including two internal transcribed spacers (ITS), cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD), and phytochrome-O (PHYO). We also included sequences of the 4-coumarate: coenzyme A ligase (4CL) gene region obtained in our recent study. CAD and PHYO showed very low nucleotide variation, but ITS and 4CL had levels of variation similar to those reported for other conifers. Pleistocene refugia have been hypothesized to exist in the Southern Urals and South Central Siberia, where four out of nine of the investigated populations occur. We found moderate to high levels of population differentiation (FST=0.115–0.531) in some pairwise comparisons suggesting limited gene flow and independent evolution of some refugial populations. In L. sukaczewii, low levels of differentiation were found among populations from areas glaciated during the Pleistocene, indicating their recent origin. Our results also suggest these populations were created by migrants from multiple, genetically distinct refugia. Furthermore, some haplotypes observed in populations from previously glaciated areas were not found in putative refugial populations, suggesting these populations might have contributed little to the extant populations created after the Last Glacial Maximum. Some authors regard L. sukaczewii and L. sibirica as a single species, while others consider them as separate species. The observed conspicuous differences in haplotype composition and distribution between L. sukaczewii and L. sibirica, together with high values of FST between populations of the two species, appear to support the latter classification.
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| 2. |
- Niemiec, T., et al.
(författare)
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Alpha-ketoglutarate stabilizes redox homeostasis and improves arterial elasticity in aged mice
- 2011
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Ingår i: Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. - 0867-5910. ; 62:1, s. 37-43
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of alpha-ketoglutarate on redox state parameters and arterial elasticity in elderly mice. Mice in the control group were fed with standard diet, while the experimental animals received the diet supplemented either with calcium (Ca-AKG) or sodium salt of alpha-ketoglutarate (Na-AKG). The experimental animals were divided into 4 groups with 10 individuals in each: control I (12 months old), control II (2 months old), experimental group I fed with Ca-AKG (12 months old) and experimental group II fed with Na-AKG (12 months old). Mice treated with Ca-AKG as well as the control II animals demonstrated significantly higher level of total antioxidant status (TAS), comparing to the control I animals and those treated with Ca-AKG. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) level in blood plasma was found significantly lower in young and Ca-AKG treated mice. TBARS liver concentration was significantly different in each examined group. The study also demonstrates the decrease in TBARS level in Ca-AKG treated animals. Treatment with Na-AKG significantly increased glutathione peroxidase activity and decreased the activity of superoxide dismutase. The presented results suggest that Ca-AKG protects the organism against the free radicals related elderly processes. The study presents also the effect of Ca-AKG treatment on arterial elastic characteristics in elderly mice. The beneficial effect of Ca-AKG on ageing organisms was confirmed via redox state stabilization and blood vessel elasticity improvement.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Parducci, L, et al.
(författare)
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Genetic variation at chloroplast microsatellites (cpSSRs) in Abies nebrodensis (Lojac.) Mattei and three neighboring Abies species
- 2001
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Ingår i: Theor Appl Genet. ; 102, s. 733-740
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abies nebrodensis (Lojac.) Mattei (Sicilian fir) is an endangered species represented by only one population of 29 adult individuals occurring in a limited area of the Madonie Range in northern Sicily (Italy). Taxonomic boundaries between this taxon and the neighboring Abies species are not clear. In this study, we used six chloroplast simple-sequence repeats (cpSSRs) to investigate the population genetic structure and the distribution of chloroplast haplotypic variation in A. nebrodensis and three of the neighboring Abies species: Abies alba (Mill.), Abies numidica (De Lann) and Abies cephalonica (Loud.). Our aims were to quantify the level of cpDNA differentiation within the Abies populations and to shed light on the history of A. nebrodensis. Diversity levels based on the haplotype frequency at six cpSSRs were high, especially in A. alba and A. cephalonica. In all, we found 122 haplotypes among the 169 individuals analyzed, and the four species were distinguished from each other by their haplotype composition. The majority of the haplotypes (76%) were detected only once, but in A. nebrodensis seven individuals (41% of the sample population) shared the same haplotype. Moreover, the seven A. nebrodensis individuals with an identical haplotype showed a tendency to be geographically grouped within the population’s limited range. The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) showed a significant difference in the level of apportionment of gene diversity between the species A. alba and A. cephalonica (F-ST=0.191 and 0.012, respectively). AMOVA analysis conducted over all populations from the four species showed that 19% of the total cpSSR variation was attributable to differences among species, 6% was due to differences among populations within species, and 74% to differences within populations. The high percentage of unique haplotypes identified confirms the power of cpSSR haplotype analysis for identifying individual trees in individual Abies populations. Our results indicate that A. nebrodensis differs from the other three Abies species investigated and support its classification as an independent taxon. The results also showed a decreased level of variation in A. nebrodensis and suggested that the species has experienced a genetic bottleneck during the last two centuries.
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| 5. |
- Parducci, L, et al.
(författare)
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Taxonomic position and origin of the endemic Sicilian fir Abies nebrodensis (Lojac.) Mattei based on allozyme analysis
- 2001
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Ingår i: Forest Genetics. ; 8, s. 119-127
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- **Laboratory of Molecular Population Genetics, Department of Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 81 2-858 1, Japan ***Laboratory of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding, PO Box. 238, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54006 Thessaloniki,
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Khatab, Ismael A, et al.
(författare)
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Phylogeography of Eurasian Larix species inferred from nucleotide variation in two nuclear genes.
- 2008
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Ingår i: Genes & Genetic Systems. - : Genetics Society of Japan. - 1341-7568 .- 1880-5779. ; 83:1, s. 55-66
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Larch (Larix Mill.) is one of the most widely distributed tree genera in Eurasia. To determine population structure and to verify classification of five species and three varieties of the Eurasian Larix species, we investigated levels and patterns of nucleotide variation of two nuclear gene regions: the 4-coumarate coenzyme A ligase (4CL) and the coumarate 3-hydroxylase (C3H). In the 4CL region nucleotide diversity at silent sites (πsil) varied between 0.0020 in L. gmelinii to 0.0116 in L. gmelinii var. japonica and in the C3H region between 0.0019 in L. kaempferi to 0.0066 in L. gmelinii var. japonica. In both gene regions statistically significant population differentiation (FST) was detected among adjacent refugial populations of some species suggesting limited gene flow and/or long time isolation of some refugial populations. On the other hand, populations of L. sukaczewii from northwestern Russia, which was glaciated 20,000 years ago showed no differentiation. This result is consistent with recent postglacial origin of these populations. Haplotype composition of some of the investigated Eurasian Larix species suggested that they are considerably diverged. Some haplotypes were unique to individual species. Our results indicate that more intensive sampling especially from known refugial regions is necessary for inferring correct classification of Eurasian Larix species and inferring their postglacial migration.
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| 8. |
- Lerceteau, Estelle, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of quantitative trait loci in Pinus sylvestris L. across years
- 2001
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Ingår i: Euphytica. - : KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBL. - 0014-2336 .- 1573-5060. ; 121:2, s. 117-122
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In an earlier study, we reported the characterisation of quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for economically important traits related to wood production for a specific year of measurement. However, validating the detected QTLs across years is important for any strategy for marker-assisted selection (MAS). Therefore, we evaluated the consistency of the QTLs across four years in 9 to 12 year-old trees. Data related to tree height were analysed in two ways. The total height was used to characterise QTLs likely to be useful in MAS, and the increment values to evaluate growth regulation. Among the 11 QTLs detected, 4 were found in both the 1996 and 1997 evaluations. QTL numbers and locations related to total height were found to be highly stable. However, the QTL effects progressively changed in successive years, following either an increasing, decreasing or curvilinear trend. Depending on their specific trends, some QTLs may not be expressed at all later in maturity, or they may be expressed at a higher level. This will have direct consequences on the applicability of molecular markers in early screening programs, since a study at the mature stage may also be required. More variation in QTL number and effect was observed relating to height increment than to total height, indicating significant differences in gene expression during the growth periods involved.
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| 9. |
- Lerceteau, Estelle, et al.
(författare)
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Properties of AFLP markers in inheritance and genetic diversity studies of Pinus sylvestris L.
- 1999
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Ingår i: Heredity. - : BLACKWELL SCIENCE LTD. - 0018-067X .- 1365-2540. ; 82:3, s. 252-260
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We analysed the properties of AFLP markers in Pinus sylvestris. Using primers with three selective nucleotides, the AFLP protocol produced large numbers of amplified bands and could only be used with a restricted number of primer combinations. Replacement of the EcoRI + 3 primer by an EcoRI + 4 primer halved the number of bands, facilitating analysis. The inheritance of all but about 8.4% of the amplified bands has been confirmed to be Mendelian. We compared band patterns among selected P. sylvestris trees from northern Sweden, two Asian species of Pinus and one species from the genus Picea. The dendrogram obtained was generally concordant with the taxonomic data, although the genetic similarity values between trees from different genera did not entirely follow accepted inter- and intraspecific relationships. This deviation was less pronounced using primer combinations that generated fewer bands. More than 69.1% of the bands that were polymorphic in two P. sylvestris trees or 29 of their F-1 progeny were in a pseudo-testcross configuration and thus were useful for the development of a linkage map for each parent. These markers have been analysed in four other crosses, and 83% of the bands could be mapped in at least one cross. Depending on the level of heterozygosity of the parents, the efficiency of such mapping will vary, but the AFLP technique appears to be a powerful way to generate, very quickly, large numbers of markers that are useful for constructing and comparing linkage maps.
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| 10. |
- Parducci, L, et al.
(författare)
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PCR-RFLP analysis of cpDNA in the genus Abies
- 1999
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Ingår i: Theor Appl Genet. ; 98, s. 802-808
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We used PCR-RFLP analysis of the chloroplast DNA of the genus Abies (family Pinaceae), to determine if the method could be employed to detect inter-specific variation in this genus and to study how the variation was distributed in different regions of the genome. Ten different chloroplast DNA regions, consisting of coding and non-coding DNA sequences, were amplified with specific primers in ten different Abies taxa. The amplification products were digested with several restriction enzymes. The results showed that the chloroplast genome is highly variable in mast of the investigated taxa and contains multiple variable regions that appear to be distributed throughout the whole genome. Species-diagnostic markers were found for four of the ten investigated species. Unexpectedly, intra-specific variation was also detected in four species. It is likely that further studies, including larger sample sizes and/or more powerful methods for the detection of chloroplast DNA variation. will reveal additional variation for this genus.
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