| 1. |
- Di Benedetto, M. D., et al.
(author)
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Wireless ventilation control for large-scale systems : The mining industrial case
- 2009
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In: 2009 6th IEEE Annual Communications Society Conference on Sensor, Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks Workshops. - 9781424439386
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Mining ventilation is an interesting example of a large scale system with high environmental impact where advanced control strategies can bring major improvements. Indeed, one of the first objectives of modern mining industry is to fulfill environmental specifications [1] during the ore extraction and crushing, by optimizing the energy consumption or the production of polluting agents. The mine electric consumption was 4 % of total industrial electric demand in the US in 1994 (6 % in 2007 in South Africa) and 90 % of it was related to motor system energy [2]. Another interesting figure is given in [3] where it is estimated that the savings associated with global control strategies for fluid systems (pumps, fans and compressors) represent approximately 20 % of the total manufacturing motor system energy savings. This motivates the development of new control strategies for large scale aerodynamic processes based on appropriate automation and a global consideration of the system. More specifically, the challenge in this work is focused on the mining ventilation since as much as 50 % or more of the energy consumed by the mining process may go into the ventilation (including heating the air). It is clear that investigating automatic control solutions and minimizing the amount of pumped air to save energy consumption (proportional to the cube of airflow quantity [4]) is of great environmental and industrial interest.
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| 2. |
- Witrant, E., et al.
(author)
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Wireless ventilation control for large-scale systems : The mining industrial case
- 2010
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In: International Journal of Robust and Nonlinear Control. - : Wiley. - 1049-8923 .- 1099-1239. ; 20:2, s. 226-251
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper describes a new industrial case on automation, for large-scale systems with high environmental impact: the mining ventilation control systems. Ventilation control is essential for the operation of a mine in terms of safety (CO and NO, regulation) and energy optimization. We first discuss a novel regulation architecture, highlighting the interest for a model-based control approach and the use of distributed sensing capabilities thanks to a wireless sensor network (WSN). We propose a new model for underground ventilation. The main components of the system dynamics are described with time-delays, transmission errors, energy losses and concentration profiles. Two different model-based control approaches, which can embody the complex dynamics of the system, are proposed. The first one resorts to a nonlinear model predictive control strategy (receding horizon) and aims to energy minimization, thanks to a continuous operation of the fans. The second one, based on a hybrid description of the model and fans operation, provides automatic verification of the wireless control thanks to abstraction techniques. These control strategies are compared with simulations, in terms of regulation efficiency, energy consumption and the need for computational capabilities. The industrial case description and control strategies open new vistas for the development of global system approaches that allow for the optimization of energy consumption of complex large-scale systems.
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| 3. |
- Di Paolo, L., et al.
(author)
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Performance analysis of distributed source coding and packet aggregation in wireless sensor networks
- 2006
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In: GLOBECOM - IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference. - 9781424403578 ; , s. 1-6
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, we propose a theoretical setup for evaluation of energy efficiency of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with distributed source coding (DSC) algorithms and packet aggregation (PA). We consider four topologies for DSC and three alternatives for PA, and the system model includes a realistic network architecture with multi-hop communication, automatic repeat request protocol (ARQ), and packet losses. The analysis is carried out in two steps. Firstly we derive the packet loss probability, and then evaluate the average number of packets transmitted throughout the network. This second performance index can then be mapped onto an energy efficiency indicator. The proposed model is specifically adopted for performance comparison of the different coding strategies and aggregation schemes in terms of energy efficiency. Numerical results show that packet overheads have a relevant influence on performance, while the ARQ protocol introduces negligible effects on the energy consumption. Furthermore, DSC topologies with masterslave approach and fragmentation of packets exhibit better performance.
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| 4. |
- Fischione, Carlo, et al.
(author)
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Reliability and Efficiency Analysis of Distributed Source Coding in Wireless Sensor Networks
- 2009
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In: 2009 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS. ; , s. 324-329
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We propose a comprehensive theoretical framework to evaluate reliability and energy consumption of distributed source coding (DSC) in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) applications. Energy efficiency and the amount of measurements that can be successfully decoded in tree-based WSNs employing DSC in the presence of different coding topologies and packet aggregation schemes (PA) are accurately characterized. The system model includes a realistic network architecture with multi-hop communication, automatic repeat request protocol (ARQ), packet losses due to channel impairments and collisions, and correlation properties of the sensed phenomena. Four DSC topologies and three alternatives of PA are considered. The analysis is carried out by evaluating the expressions of reliability of DSC in terms of probability of measurements that cannot be decoded (loss factor), and the efficiency in terms of average energy consumption of the network. Numerical results show that the best choice of DSC topology and packet aggregation depends highly on the network parameters and source characteristics. Therefore, the analysis developed in this paper can be used as an effective mean to optimize network operations.
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