| 1. |
- Curbis, F, et al.
(författare)
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HIGHLIGHTS FROM THE CONCEPTUAL DESIGN REPORT OF THE SOFT X-RAY LASER AT MAX IV
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of IPAC2021.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The SXL (Soft X-ray Laser) project developed a conceptual design for a soft X-ray Free Electron Laser (FEL) in the 1-5 nm wavelength range, driven by the existing MAX IV 3 GeV linac. In this contribution we will focus on the FEL operation modes developed for the first phase of the project based on two different linac modes. The design work was supported by the Knut and Alice Wallenberg foundation and by several Swedish universities and organizations (
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| 2. |
- Andersen, J., et al.
(författare)
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The soft X-ray laser project at MAX IV
- 2017
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Ingår i: IPAC 2017 - Proceedings of the 8th International Particle Accelerator Conference. - : Joint Accelerator Conferences Website - JACoW. - 9783954501823 ; , s. 2760-2762
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A Soft X-ray Laser (SXL) beamline utilising FEL technology is being designed for the Short Pulse Facility (SPF) at the MAX IV Laboratory. A conceptual design study has been started following on the scientific case already prepared in collaboration between several Swedish Universities and driven by a strong (Swedish) user demand. The baseline goal of the SXL beamline is to generate intense and short pulses in the range 1-5 nm (0.2-1 keV). The system is building on the MAX IV linac system, already today providing 100 fs 3 GeV and pulses compressed to 100 fs for other applications within the SPF. As a special feature we foresee a variety of pump-probe capabilities.
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| 3. |
- Curbis, F., et al.
(författare)
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Status of the soft X-ray laser (SXL) project at the Max IV laboratory
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 39th International Free-Electron Laser Conference, FEL 2019. - : JACoW Publishing. - 9783954502103 ; , s. 749-752
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A Soft X-ray Laser project (the SXL) aiming to produce FEL radiation in the range of 1 to 5 nm is currently in a conceptual design phase and a report on the design is expected to be delivered by March 2021. The FEL will be driven by the existing 3 GeV linac at MAX IV laboratory, which also serves as injector for the two storage rings. The science case has been pushed by a large group of mainly Swedish users and consists of experiments ranging from AMO physics to condensed matter, chemistry and imaging in life science. In this contribution, we will present the current conceptual design of the accelerator and the FEL operation modes together with a general overview of the beamline and experimental station. In particular design options for the FEL will be discussed in conjunction with the features of the electron beam from the MAX IV linac and the connection with the proposed experiments.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, J, et al.
(författare)
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Emittance improvements in the MAX IV photocathode injector
- 2017
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Ingår i: IPAC 2017 - Proceedings of the 8th International Particle Accelerator Conference. - 9783954501823 - 9783954501823 ; , s. 1533-1536
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The MAX IV injector design predicts a beam with 100 pC of charge and an emittance lower than 1 mm mrad. The photocathode pre-injector is based on the now close to standard 1.6-cell gun adapted to 2.9985 GHz, in combination with a Ti:Sapphire laser system. This system reaches the requirements of the injector operation for the SPF, but can be tuned beyond specifications to open up new operation modes. During 2016 and 2017 several aspects where investigated to improve the emittance from the current gun, the goal was to meet the SPF specifications. In this paper we report on the progress, discuss the steps taken leading to a final emittance of 1 mm mrad and beyond.
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| 5. |
- Andersson, J, et al.
(författare)
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The New MAX IV Gun Test Stand
- 2017
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Ingår i: IPAC 2017 - Proceedings of the 8th International Particle Accelerator Conference. - 9783954501823 - 9783954501823 ; , s. 1537-1540
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The gun test stand from MAX-Lab has been upgraded and moved to a new facility at the MAX IV Laboratory. The new test stand will reuse parts of the equipment from the old test stand but a number of improvements to the setup are be made. In this paper we report on the design of the new gun test stand, research plans in the near future as well as planned and possible future research topics..
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| 6. |
- Curbis, F., et al.
(författare)
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Prospects for longitudinal phase-space measurements at the MAX IV linac
- 2014
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Ingår i: IPAC 2014 : Proceedings of the 5th International Particle Accelerator Conference - Proceedings of the 5th International Particle Accelerator Conference. - 9783954501328 ; , s. 3665-3667
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Knowing the longitudinal phase space of an electron beam is one of the most important and crucial issues in short-pulses linacs. To achieve this task expensive and rather complicated setups (like transverse deflecting cavities) are usually implemented. The MAX IV linac is a 3GeV accelerator which will be used to inject into two rings and to drive a short pulse facility. Nevertheless, a more deep understanding of the beam quality would be useful especially in view of an upgrade as FEL driver. Another interesting aspect is to evaluate how the double-achromat bunch compressors are performing. We are studying how to implement off-phase acceleration: one part of the linac will be set at zero-crossing phase and the following transfer line could be used as energy spectrometer to retrieve the bunch profile. In the present configuration of the MAX IV linac this procedure will allow to check the bunch length after the first bunch compressor. Since it is work in progress, in this contribution we present a sketch of the measurement and the feasibility of the method will be explored by means of simulations.
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| 7. |
- Karlberg, O., et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of longitudinal wakefields in the MAX IV linac
- 2014
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Ingår i: IPAC 2014 : Proceedings of the 5th International Particle Accelerator Conference - Proceedings of the 5th International Particle Accelerator Conference. - 9783954501328 ; , s. 3050-3052
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- In the second part of 2014, the 3 GeV linac at the MAX IV laboratory will enter its commissioning stage. Equipped with two guns, the linac will act as a full energy injector for the two storage rings and at the same time provide high brightness pulses to a Short Pulse Facility (SPF). Compression in the linac is done in two double achromats with fixed R56 that relies upon the RF phase introduced energy chirp, which in this case is strongly enhanced by the longitudinal wakefields. Since the longitudinal wakefields play a major role in the compression and bunch shaping they need to be carefully investigated during the commissioning. In this proceeding we will discuss a measurement technique that will be used during commissioning to characterize the longitudinal wakefields in the MAX IV linac and their precise effects on e.g. the bunch shape and the energy spread. Predictions obtained from particle tracking will be presented.
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| 8. |
- Kotur, M, et al.
(författare)
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PHOTOCATHODE LASER PULSE SHAPING FOR IMPROVED EMITTANCE
- 2018
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 29th Linear Accelerator Conference, LINAC 2018. - 9783954501946 ; , s. 84-86
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a setup for producing and characterizing picosecond ultraviolet laser pulses for use in the MAX IV photocathode electron gun preinjector. Frequency-tripled laser pulses from a commercial laser system are shaped directly in the ultraviolet domain using a Fourier-domain pulse shaper. The pulses were characterized using a transient grating FROG. We discuss a proposed upgrade of the pulse shaper, as well as its limitations.
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| 9. |
- Kotur, M, et al.
(författare)
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Pulse shaping at the MAX IV photoelectron gun laser
- 2017
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Ingår i: IPAC 2017 - Proceedings of the 8th International Particle Accelerator Conference. - 9783954501823 - 9783954501823 ; , s. 1541-1543
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- A motivation for the development of a versatile, programmable source of shaped picosecond pulses for use in photocathode electron gun preinjectors is presented. We present the experimental setup for arbitrary longitudinal pusle shaping of the MAX IV photocathode gun laser. The setup consists of a grating-based Fourier-domain shaper capable of stretching the pulses directly in the UV domain. Preliminary results are presented and discussed.
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| 10. |
- Lindau, F, et al.
(författare)
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MAX IV Photocathode Gun Laser System Specification and Diagnostics
- 2017
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Ingår i: IPAC 2017 - Proceedings of the 8th International Particle Accelerator Conference. - 9783954501823 - 9783954501823 ; , s. 1544-1546
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The MAXIV injector has two guns - a thermionic used for ring injections, and a photocathode used for short pulse facility operation. A commercial Ti:sapphire laser from KMLabs drives the copper based photocathode gun. It has been running without major issues for more than 3 years. The laser delivers up to §I{500}{\textmu J} on the cathode at the third harmonic, §I{263}{nm}, via a vacuum laser transport system. To achieve the desired pulse duration of 2–§I10{ps} the laser pulses, originally ~§I{100}{fs} long, are stretched with a prism pair and the resulting §I{1.5}{ps} pulses stacked by a series of birefringent \textalpha -BBO crystals. Diagnostics consist of photodiodes, spectrometers, and cameras. Longitudinal pulse characterization is done with a cross correlator and a UV FROG.
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| 11. |
- Qin, W., et al.
(författare)
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Start-to-end simulations for the soft X-ray FEL at the Max IV laboratory
- 2019
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 39th International Free-Electron Laser Conference, FEL 2019. - 9783954502103 ; , s. 210-213
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- A Soft X-ray FEL (the SXL) using the existing 3 GeV linac at the MAX IV Laboratory is currently in the design phase. In this contribution, start-to-end simulations, including the photo-injector simulations using ASTRA, the linac simulations using ELEGANT and the FEL simulations using GENESIS, are presented for 100 pC and 10 pC operation modes. The features of the electron beam from the MAX IV linac and their impact on the FEL performance are discussed.
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| 12. |
- Björklund Svensson, J., et al.
(författare)
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Start-to-end simulations of plasma-wakefield acceleration using the MAX IV Linear Accelerator
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002. ; 1033
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Plasma-wakefield acceleration (PWFA) relies on the interaction between intense particle bunches and plasma for reaching higher accelerating gradients than what is possible with conventional radio-frequency technology. Using ultra-relativistic beam drivers allows for long acceleration lengths and have potential applications such as energy booster stages for synchrotron light sources or linear colliders and generating ultra-high-brightness beams from the background plasma. In this article, we present start-to-end simulations of the MAX IV Linear Accelerator as part of our investigations into the feasibility of using the linac for a PWFA experiment. We find that PWFA appears to be a viable application for the linac. A part of this conclusion is based on our finding that the general properties of the bunch compressor type employed in the MAX IV linac are well-suited for efficient generation of PWFA-optimized bunch current profiles, both for single- and double-bunch beams.
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| 13. |
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Diagnostics at the MAX IV 3 GeV storage ring during commissioning
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 5th International Beam Instrumentation Conference, IBIC 2016. - 9783954501779 ; , s. 1-5
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The MAX IV 3 GeV storage ring based on a multibend achromat lattice allows for horizontal emittances from 330 pm rad down to 180 pm rad, depending on the number of insertion devices. The diagnostics used during commissioning will be described, with emphasis on the emittance diagnostics. This will involve two diagnostic beam lines to image the electron beam with infrared and ultraviolet synchrotron radiation from bending magnets, in order to determine also beam energy spread. The scheme for horizontal emittance measurements looks promising also for an order of magnitude lower emittance. Bunch lengthening with harmonic cavities is essential for the low emittance machine performance. We have used a radiation-based sampling technique to verify individual bunch distributions.
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| 14. |
- Dixon, A., et al.
(författare)
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PRESERVING BRIGHT ELECTRON BEAMS : DISTORTED CSR KICKS
- 2022
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Ingår i: LINAC 2022 - International Linear Accelerator Conference, Proceedings. - 2226-0366. - 9783954502158 ; , s. 91-94
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Short pulse, low emittance electron beams are necessary to drive bright FEL X-rays, for this reason it is important to preserve and limit emittance growth. The strong bunch compression required to achieve the short bunches, can lead to coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR)-induced emittance growth, and while there are some methods of CSR cancellation, these methods may be less effective when the CSR kicks are distorted. In an attempt to understand why CSR kicks become distorted, we compare the CSR kicks calculated using the whole beam parameters to the CSR kicks calculated using the longitudinally sliced beam parameters, when propagated to the end of the bunch compressor. We find that CSR kicks can become distorted when calculated with non-uniform slice beam parameters. While slice beam parameters that are uniform along the centre of the bunch, do not result in distorted CSR kicks.
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| 15. |
- Isaksson, L., et al.
(författare)
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MAX IV online LINAC model
- 2017
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Ingår i: IPAC 2017 - Proceedings of the 8th International Particle Accelerator Conference. - 9783954501823 ; , s. 4047-4049
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- An online linac model has been developed at MAX IV in order to enable a calculation of the properties of the linac beam based on the actual settings of the magnetic elements. The model is based on the Elegant simulation code and uses the design linac lattice file. A set of Matlab scripts fetch the actual settings of all elements via the Tango control system, pass these values on to Elegant and run the simulation. The model includes an optimization option for yielding desired beta- and alpha-function values at various points along the linac by calculating optimal settings for chosen elements.
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| 16. |
- Kraljevic, N. Blaskovic, et al.
(författare)
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BEAM DYNAMICS FOR THE MAX IV TRANSVERSE DEFLECTING CAVITY BEAMLINE
- 2022
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Ingår i: LINAC 2022 - International Linear Accelerator Conference, Proceedings. - 2226-0366. - 9783954502158 ; , s. 566-569
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The MAX IV 3 GeV linac delivers electron beams to two synchrotron rings and to a dedicated undulator system for X-ray beam delivery in the Short Pulse Facility (SPF). In addition, there are plans to use the linac as an injector for a future Soft X-ray Laser (SXL). For both SPF and SXL operations, longitudinal beam characterisation with a high temporal resolution is essential. For this purpose, a transverse deflecting cavity (TDC) system has been developed and is being installed in a dedicated electron beamline branch located downstream of the 3 GeV linac. This beamline consists of two consecutive 3 m long transverse S-band RF structures, followed by a variable vertical deflector dipole magnet used as an energy spectrometer. This conference contribution presents the beam dynamics calculations for the beam transport along the TDC beamline, and in particular the optics configurations for slice emittance and slice energy spread measurements. The operation of an analysis algorithm for use in the control room is discussed. The aim is to provide 1 fs temporal measurement resolution to access the bunch duration of highly compressed bunches and slice parameters for sub-10-fs bunches.
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| 17. |
- Labrune, C., et al.
(författare)
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Characterization of the ecological quality of the coastal Gulf of Lions (NW Mediterranean). A comparative approach based on three biotic indices
- 2006
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Ingår i: Marine Pollution Bulletin. - : Elsevier BV. - 0025-326X. ; 52:1, s. 34-47
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The ecological quality of the Gulf of Lions coast was assessed using three biotic indices (H', AMBI and BQI). The three indices correlated positively. The positive correlation between AMBI and BQI was surprising and was mostly due to the fact that the dominant species Ditrupa arietina featured a low ES50(0.05) but was classified in GI by AMBI. Both H' and BQI were efficient in distinguishing impacted from un-impacted sites but AMBI was not. Differences between H' and BQI were mainly due to the scale used to translate indices in terms of EcoQ. The three indices were able to detect the major changes in macrofauna composition, which occurred in the Bay of Banyuls-sur-Mer during the last 40 years. However, the interpretations of such changes in terms of EcoQ differed between indices. These results are discussed relative to the characteristics of the tested indices. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Olsson, D., et al.
(författare)
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Commissioning status of the chopper system for the Max IV injector
- 2016
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the 28th Linear Accelerator Conference, LINAC 2016. - 9783954501694 ; , s. 468-471
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The MAX IV facility in Lund, Sweden consists of two storage rings for production of synchrotron radiation, and a short-pulse-facility (SPF). The two rings are designed for 3 GeV and 1.5 GeV, respectively, where the initial beam commissioning of the former has recently been completed, and commissioning of the latter was started in September 2016. Both rings will be operating with top-up injections delivered by a full-energy injector. In order to reduce losses of high-energy electrons along the injector and in the rings during injection, only electrons that are within a time structure where they can be accumulated in the ring buckets are accelerated. Electrons outside this time structure are dumped before they reach the first LINAC structure by a chopper system. The performance of the chopper system during commissioning of the 3 GeV ring is presented in this paper.
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| 20. |
- Palm, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Survey on Swedish Citizens Knowledge on Nuclear Waste Repository
- 2019
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Ingår i: Energy proceedings, volume 4 : Proceedings of 11th International Conference on Applied Energy, Part 3, Sweden, 2019. ; 4, s. 1-1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Swedish Nuclear Fuel and Waste Management Company (SKB) applied in 2011 for a permit to construct a disposal facility in the municipality of Östhammar. Given this is still an ongoing permit process the aim with this study is to nvestigate how informed the Swedish citizens are in these issues.Telephone interviews were conducted in December 2018 to January 2019. A majority of the citizens, 55%, are aware of the plans of a nuclear waste repository. Most on’t know where the repository is planned to be located, but surprisingly many knows that copper canisters are suggested to be used. This together with a cluster analysis is presented and discussed in the paper.
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| 21. |
- Wallén, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Status of the MAX IV light source project
- 2007
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Ingår i: 9th International Conference on Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation (SRI 2006). - 9780735403734 ; 879, s. 34-37
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- The MAX IV light source project is presented. The MAX IV light source will consist of three low emittance storage rings and a 3 GeV injector linac. The three storage rings will be operated at 700 MeV, 1.5 GeV, and 3.0 GeV, which make it possible to cover a large spectral range from IR to hard X-rays with high brilliance undulator radiation from insertion devices optimised for each storage ring. The preparation of the injector linac to serve as a short pulse source and the major sub-systems of the facility are also presented.
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