| 1. |
- Shappee, B. J., et al.
(författare)
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THE YOUNG AND BRIGHT TYPE IA SUPERNOVA ASASSN-141p : DISCOVERY, EARLY-TIME OBSERVATIONS, FIRST-LIGHT TIME, DISTANCE TO NGC 4666, AND PROGENITOR CONSTRAINTS
- 2016
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Ingår i: Astrophysical Journal. - : American Astronomical Society. - 0004-637X .- 1538-4357. ; 826:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On 2014 December 9.61, the All-sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASAS-SN or Assassin) discovered ASASSN-141p just similar to 2 days after first light using a global array of 14 cm diameter telescopes. ASASSN-141p went on to become a bright supernova (V = 11.94 mag), second only to SN 2014J for the year. We present prediscovery photometry (with a detection less than a day after first light) and ultraviolet through near-infrared photometric and spectroscopic data covering the rise and fall of ASASSN-141p for more than 100 days. We find that ASASSN-141p had a broad light curve (Delta m(15) (B) = 0.80 +/- 0.05), a B-band maximum at 2457015.82 +/- 0.03, a rise time of 16.941(-0.10)(+0.11) days, and moderate host-galaxy extinction (E (B - V)host = 0.33 +/- 0.06). Using ASASSN-141p, we derive a distance modulus for NGC 4666 of mu = 30.8 +/- 0.2, corresponding to a distance of 14.7 +/- 1.5 Mpc. However, adding ASASSN-141p to the calibrating sample of Type Ia supernovae still requires an independent distance to the host galaxy. Finally, using our early-time photometric and spectroscopic observations, we rule out red giant secondaries and, assuming a favorable viewing angle and explosion time, any nondegenerate companion larger than 0.34 RG(circle dot).
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| 2. |
- Gladding, PA, et al.
(författare)
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Metabolomics and a Breath Sensor Identify Acetone as a Biomarker for Heart Failure
- 2023
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Ingår i: Biomolecules. - : MDPI AG. - 2218-273X. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Multi-omics delivers more biological insight than targeted investigations. We applied multi-omics to patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Methods: 46 patients with HFrEF and 20 controls underwent metabolomic profiling, including liquid/gas chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/GC-MS) and solid-phase microextraction (SPME) volatilomics in plasma and urine. HFrEF was defined using left ventricular global longitudinal strain, ejection fraction and NTproBNP. A consumer breath acetone (BrACE) sensor validated results in n = 73. Results: 28 metabolites were identified by GCMS, 35 by LCMS and 4 volatiles by SPME in plasma and urine. Alanine, aspartate and glutamate, citric acid cycle, arginine biosynthesis, glyoxylate and dicarboxylate metabolism were altered in HFrEF. Plasma acetone correlated with NT-proBNP (r = 0.59, 95% CI 0.4 to 0.7), 2-oxovaleric and cis-aconitic acid, involved with ketone metabolism and mitochondrial energetics. BrACE > 1.5 ppm discriminated HF from other cardiac pathology (AUC 0.8, 95% CI 0.61 to 0.92, p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Breath acetone discriminated HFrEF from other cardiac pathology using a consumer sensor, but was not cardiac specific.
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| 3. |
- Gladding, PA, et al.
(författare)
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Multiomics, virtual reality and artificial intelligence in heart failure
- 2021
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Ingår i: Future cardiology. - : Future Medicine Ltd. - 1744-8298 .- 1479-6678. ; 17:8, s. 1335-1347
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim: Multiomics delivers more biological insight than targeted investigations. We applied multiomics to patients with heart failure (HF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), with machine learning applied to advanced ECG (AECG) and echocardiography artificial intelligence (Echo AI). Patients & methods: In total, 46 patients with HFrEF and 20 controls underwent metabolomic profiling, including liquid/gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and solid-phase microextraction volatilomics in plasma and urine. HFrEF was defined using left ventricular (LV) global longitudinal strain, EF and N-terminal pro hormone BNP. AECG and Echo AI were performed over 5 min, with a subset of patients undergoing a virtual reality mental stress test. Results: A-ECG had similar diagnostic accuracy as N-terminal pro hormone BNP for HFrEF (area under the curve = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.85–0.99), and correlated with global longitudinal strain (r = -0.77, p < 0.0001), while Echo AI-generated measurements correlated well with manually measured LV end diastolic volume r = 0.77, LV end systolic volume r = 0.8, LVEF r = 0.71, indexed left atrium volume r = 0.71 and indexed LV mass r = 0.6, p < 0.005. AI-LVEF and other HFrEF biomarkers had a similar discrimination for HFrEF (area under the curve AI-LVEF = 0.88; 95% CI: -0.03 to 0.15; p = 0.19). Virtual reality mental stress test elicited arrhythmic biomarkers on AECG and indicated blunted autonomic responsiveness (alpha 2 of RR interval variability, p = 1 × 10-4) in HFrEF. Conclusion: Multiomics-related machine learning shows promise for the assessment of HF.
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| 4. |
- Boyle, Veronica T., et al.
(författare)
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The relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration in early pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes in a large, prospective cohort
- 2016
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Ingår i: British Journal of Nutrition. - : CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS. - 0007-1145 .- 1475-2662. ; 116:8, s. 1409-1415
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency have been associated with an increased risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. Controversy remains as findings have been inconsistent between disparate populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between vitamin D status and pregnancy outcomes in a large, prospective pregnancy cohort. 25-Hydroxyvitamin D concentration was analysed in serum samples collected at 15 weeks of gestation from 1710 New Zealand women participating in a large, observational study. Associations between vitamin D status and pre-eclampsia, preterm birth, small for gestational age (SGA) and gestational diabetes were investigated. The mean 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration was 729 nmol/l. In all, 23 % had 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations amp;lt; 50 nmol/l, and 5 % of participants had concentrations amp;lt; 25 nmol/l. Women with 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations amp;lt; 75 nmol/l at 15 weeks of gestation were more likely to develop gestational diabetes mellitus than those with concentrations amp;gt; 75 nmol/l (OR 23; 95 % CI 11, 51). However, this effect was not significant when adjustments were made for BMI and ethnicity (OR 18; 95 % CI 08, 42). 25-Hydroxyvitamin D concentration at 15 weeks was not associated with development of pre-eclampsia, spontaneous preterm birth or SGA infants. Pregnancy complications were low in this largely vitamin D-replete population.
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| 5. |
- de Greef, Evelien, et al.
(författare)
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Genomic architecture of migration timing in a long-distance migratory songbird
- 2023
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Ingår i: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Nature. - 2045-2322. ; 13:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The impact of climate change on spring phenology poses risks to migratory birds, as migration timing is controlled predominantly by endogenous mechanisms. Despite recent advances in our understanding of the underlying genetic basis of migration timing, the ways that migration timing phenotypes in wild individuals may map to specific genomic regions requires further investigation. We examined the genetic architecture of migration timing in a long-distance migratory songbird (purple martin, Progne subis subis) by integrating genomic data with an extensive dataset of direct migratory tracks. A moderate to large amount of variance in spring migration arrival timing was explained by genomics (proportion of phenotypic variation explained by genomics = 0.74; polygenic score R-2 = 0.24). On chromosome 1, a region that was differentiated between migration timing phenotypes contained genes that could facilitate nocturnal flights and act as epigenetic modifiers. Overall, these results advance our understanding of the genomic underpinnings of migration timing.
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