| 1. |
- Golob-Schwarzi, Nicole, et al.
(författare)
-
High Keratin 8/18 Ratio Predicts Aggressive Hepatocellular Cancer Phenotype
- 2019
-
Ingår i: Translational Oncology. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 1944-7124 .- 1936-5233. ; 12:2, s. 256-268
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND amp; AIMS: Steatohepatitis (SH) and SH-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are of considerable clinical significance. SH is morphologically characterized by steatosis, liver cell ballooning, cytoplasmic aggregates termedMallory-Denk bodies (MDBs), inflammation, and fibrosis at late stage. Disturbance of the keratin cytoskeleton and aggregation of keratins (KRTs) are essential for MDB formation. METHODS: Weanalyzed livers of aged Krt18(-/-) mice that spontaneously developed in the majority of cases SH-associated HCC independent of sex. Interestingly, the hepatic lipid profile in Krt18(-/-) mice, which accumulate KRT8, closely resembles human SH lipid profiles and shows that the excess of KRT8 over KRT18 determines the likelihood to develop SH-associated HCC linked with enhanced lipogenesis. RESULTS: Our analysis of the genetic profile of Krt18(-/-) mice with 26 human hepatoma cell lines and with data sets of amp;gt;300 patients with HCC, where Krt18(-/-) gene signatures matched human HCC. Interestingly, a high KRT8/18 ratio is associated with an aggressive HCC phenotype. CONCLUSIONS: We can prove that intermediate filaments and their binding partners are tightly linked to hepatic lipid metabolism and to hepatocarcinogenesis. We suggest KRT8/18 ratio as a novel HCC biomarker for HCC.
|
|
| 2. |
- Mahajan, Vineet, et al.
(författare)
-
Cross beta-Sheet Conformation of Keratin 8 Is a Specific Feature of Mallory-Denk Bodies Compared With Other Hepatocyte Inclusions
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Gastroenterology. - : WB Saunders. - 0016-5085 .- 1528-0012. ; 141:3, s. 1080-U428
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND andamp; AIMS: Mallory-Denk bodies (MDBs) are cytoplasmic protein aggregates in hepatocytes in steato-hepatitis and other liver diseases. We investigated the molecular structure of keratin 8 (K8) and 18 (K18), sequestosome 1/p62, and ubiquitin, which are the major constituents of MDBs, to investigate their formation and role in disease pathogenesis. METHODS: Luminescent conjugated oligothiophenes (LCOs), h-HTAA, and p-FTAA are fluorescent amyloid ligands that specifically bind proteins with cross beta-sheet conformation. We used LCOs to investigate conformational changes in MDBs in situ in human and murine livers as well as in transfection studies. RESULTS: LCO analysis showed cross beta-sheet conformation in human MDBs from patients with alcoholic and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis or hepatocellular carcinoma, but not in intracellular hyaline bodies, alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency, or ground-glass inclusions. LCOs bound to MDBs induced by 3,5diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine feeding of mice at all developmental stages. CHO-K1 cells transfected with various combinations of SQSTM1/p62, ubi, and Krt8/Krt18 showed that K8 was more likely to have cross beta-sheet conformation than K18, whereas p62 never had cross beta-sheet conformation. The different conformational properties of K8 and K18 were also shown by circular dichroism analysis. CONCLUSIONS: K8 can undergo conformational changes from predominantly alpha-helical to cross beta-sheet, which would allow it to form MDBs. These findings might account for the observation that krt8(-/-) mice do not form MDBs, whereas its excess facilitates MDB formation. LCOs might be used in diagnosis of liver disorders; they can be applied to formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues to characterize protein aggregates in liver cells.
|
|
| 3. |
- Zatloukal, Bernhard, et al.
(författare)
-
Sensitivity and Specificity of In situ Proximity Ligation for Protein Interaction Analysis in a Model of Steatohepatitis with Mallory-Denk Bodies
- 2014
-
Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:5, s. e96690-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The in situ proximity ligation assay (isPLA) is an increasingly used technology for in situ detection of protein interactions, post-translational modifications, and spatial relationships of antigens in cells and tissues, in general. In order to test its performance we compared isPLA with immunofluorescence microscopy by analyzing protein interactions in cytoplasmic protein aggregates, so-called Mallory Denk bodies (MDBs). These structures represent protein inclusions in hepatocytes typically found in human steatohepatitis and they can be generated in mice by feeding of 3,5-diethoxy-carbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC). We investigated the colocalization of all three key MDB components, namely keratin 8 (K8), keratin 18 (K18), and p62 (sequestosome 1) by isPLA and immunofluorescence microscopy. Sensitivity and specificity of isPLA was assessed by using Krt8(-/-) and Krt18(-/-) mice as biological controls, along with a series of technical controls. isPLA signal visualization is a robust technology with excellent sensitivity and specificity. The biological relevance of signals generated critically depends on the performance of antibodies used, which requires careful testing of antibodies like in immunofluorescence microscopy. There is a clear advantage of isPLA in visualizing protein co-localization, particularly when antigens are present at markedly different concentrations. Furthermore, isPLA is superior to confocal microscopy with respect to spatial resolution of colocalizing antigens. Disadvantages compared to immunofluorescence are increased costs and longer duration of the laboratory protocol.
|
|
