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- Jia, Zhaobao, et al.
(författare)
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Are the elderly more vulnerable to psychological impact of natural disaster? A population-based survey of adult survivors of the 2008 Sichuan earthquake
- 2010
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2458. ; 10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: The association between ages and psychological impact of natural disasters has not been well characterized. A population-based study was conducted 15 months after the 2008 Sichuan earthquake to assess whether elderly survivors were more likely to develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and general psychiatric morbidity.METHODS: A population-based survey of 327 survivors (152 elders, 175 younger adults) was conducted in severely affected areas by the earthquake, using a multi-stage systematic sampling design.RESULTS: Compared with the younger adult survivors, the elderly were more likely to have symptoms of PTSD (22.5% vs. 8.0%, p = 0.001) and general psychiatric morbidity (42.0% vs. 25.4%, p = 0.003). Risk factors, such as being elderly, having been in serious danger, having lost family members, and having felt guilt concerning one's death or injury were significantly associated with developing PTSD; being elderly, having family members or friends seriously injured, and having felt guilt concerning one's death or injury were significantly associated with developing general psychiatric morbidity. Utilization of mental health services is strongly associated with the decreased risk for developing both of the symptoms.CONCLUSION: Compared with the younger adults, the elderly survivors were more likely to develop PTSD and general psychiatric morbidity. More mental health services should be distributed to the elderly and groups at particular risk, to ensure their smooth mental health reconstruction after the earthquake.
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- Jia, Zhaobao, et al.
(författare)
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Health-related quality of life of "left-behind children" : a cross-sectional survey in rural China.
- 2010
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Ingår i: Quality of Life Research. - : Springer. - 0962-9343 .- 1573-2649. ; 19:6, s. 775-780
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: To estimate the prevalence of children in rural China without constant parental guardians (i.e., "left-behind"), to examine whether left-behind children were associated with lower health-related quality of life (HRQOL) than their counterparts ("non-left-behind").METHODS: A stratified two-stage cluster survey was conducted among 640 children aged between 8 and 14 in a county of Shandong province. HRQOL was assessed in 606 participants using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL).RESULTS: The estimated prevalence of left-behind children in the area was estimated at 53.5% (324/606). The mean PedsQL total scores were lower in the left-behind children than the non-left-behind (84.1 vs. 88.4; P < 0.01), as were psychosocial summary, emotional functioning, social functioning and school performance scores, while mean physical subscale scores did not differ significantly (85.4 vs. 86.2; P = 0.31). As age, education level and economic status increased, HRQOL of the children was significantly improved.CONCLUSIONS: Left-behind children report poorer HRQOL than non-left-behind children due to psychosocial dysfunction. An assessment of such problems is essential to estimate the need of rural children, for the identification of those at particular risk for lower quality of life, and for planning and implementation of appropriate health interventions.
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- Yi, Jiajia, et al.
(författare)
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Electrostatic Interactions Accelerating Water Oxidation Catalysis via Intercatalyst O-O Coupling
- 2021
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Ingår i: Journal of the American Chemical Society. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 0002-7863 .- 1520-5126. ; 143:6, s. 2484-2490
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Intercatalyst coupling has been widely applied in the functional mimics for binuclear synergy in natural metal enzymes. Herein, we introduce two facile and effective design strategies, which facilitate the coupling of two catalytic units via electrostatic interactions. The first system is based on a catalyst molecule functionalized with both a positively charged and a negatively charged group in the structure being able to pair with each other in an antiparallel manner arranged by electrostatic interactions. The other system consists of a mixture of two different of catalysts modified with either positively or negatively charged groups to generate intermo-lecular electrostatic interactions. Applying these designs to Ru(bda) (H(2)bda = 2,2'-bipyridine-6,6'-dicarboxylic acid) water-oxidation catalysts improved the catalytic performance by more than an order of magnitude. The intermolecular electrostatic interactions in these two systems were fully identified by H-1 NMR, TEM, SAXS, and electrical conductivity experiments. Molecular dynamics simulations further verified that electrostatic interactions contribute to the formation of prereactive dimers, which were found to play a key role in dramatically improving the catalytic performance. The successful strategies demonstrated here can be used in designing other intercatalyst coupling systems for activation and formation of small molecules and organic synthesis.
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- Zhang, Lixiu, et al.
(författare)
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Advances in the Application of Perovskite Materials
- 2023
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Ingår i: NANO-MICRO LETTERS. - : SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIV PRESS. - 2311-6706. ; 15:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Nowadays, the soar of photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells has set off a fever in the study of metal halide perovskite materials. The excellent optoelectronic properties and defect tolerance feature allow metal halide perovskite to be employed in a wide variety of applications. This article provides a holistic review over the current progress and future prospects of metal halide perovskite materials in representative promising applications, including traditional optoelectronic devices (solar cells, light-emitting diodes, photodetectors, lasers), and cutting-edge technologies in terms of neuromorphic devices (artificial synapses and memristors) and pressure-induced emission. This review highlights the fundamentals, the current progress and the remaining challenges for each application, aiming to provide a comprehensive overview of the development status and a navigation of future research for metal halide perovskite materials and devices.
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