| 1. |
- Polme, S., et al.
(författare)
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FungalTraits: a user-friendly traits database of fungi and fungus-like stramenopiles
- 2020
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Ingår i: Fungal Diversity. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1560-2745 .- 1878-9129. ; 105:1, s. 1-16
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The cryptic lifestyle of most fungi necessitates molecular identification of the guild in environmental studies. Over the past decades, rapid development and affordability of molecular tools have tremendously improved insights of the fungal diversity in all ecosystems and habitats. Yet, in spite of the progress of molecular methods, knowledge about functional properties of the fungal taxa is vague and interpretation of environmental studies in an ecologically meaningful manner remains challenging. In order to facilitate functional assignments and ecological interpretation of environmental studies we introduce a user friendly traits and character database FungalTraits operating at genus and species hypothesis levels. Combining the information from previous efforts such as FUNGuild and Fun(Fun) together with involvement of expert knowledge, we reannotated 10,210 and 151 fungal and Stramenopila genera, respectively. This resulted in a stand-alone spreadsheet dataset covering 17 lifestyle related traits of fungal and Stramenopila genera, designed for rapid functional assignments of environmental studies. In order to assign the trait states to fungal species hypotheses, the scientific community of experts manually categorised and assigned available trait information to 697,413 fungal ITS sequences. On the basis of those sequences we were able to summarise trait and host information into 92,623 fungal species hypotheses at 1% dissimilarity threshold.
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| 2. |
- Divani, AA, et al.
(författare)
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Focal middle cerebral artery ischemia in rats via a transfemoral approach using a custom designed microwire
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of neurointerventional surgery. - : BMJ. - 1759-8486 .- 1759-8478. ; 8:6, s. 608-614
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to develop a reliable and repeatable method of inducing focal middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) in rats without ligation of the external carotid artery (ECA), while reducing the risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage.MethodsWe prototyped microwires with different diameters (0.0120 inch, 0.0115 inch, 0.0110 inch), materials, and construction methods (coil-on-core, extruded polymer jacket-on-core). Under fluoroscopic guidance and using femoral artery access, the microwires were navigated into the internal carotid artery of male Wistar rats (n=50, weight 376±64 g) to induce MCAo for 1 or 2 h. We performed neurological assessments at baseline, and at 3, 24, 72, and 168 h after MCAo. MRI measurements were performed on a 9.4 T scanner at 1 and 7 days post-injury.ResultsThe 0.0115 inch microwire with polymer jacket-on-core provided the most successful outcome. At 1 and 7 days post-injury, we observed similar infarction volumes for 1 and 2 h MCAo in the MRI study. Infarcted lesion volumes in both MCAo groups were significantly reduced at 7 days compared with 1 day post-injury. The trend in longitudinal changes for the scores of different neurological assessments was confirmed to be significant after the injury, but both groups showed a similar trend of neurological deficits over the course of the study.ConclusionsWe have developed a reliable and repeatable MCAo method in rats, allowing for precise occlusion of the MCA under direct fluoroscopic visualization without alteration of the cerebral hemodynamics associated with ECA ligation. The custom designed microwire can also be sized for targeted focal ischemia in larger animals.
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| 3. |
- Ehrenbolger, Kai, et al.
(författare)
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Differences in structure and hibernation mechanism highlight diversification of the microsporidian ribosome
- 2020
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Ingår i: PLoS biology. - : Public Library of Science. - 1544-9173 .- 1545-7885. ; 18:10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Assembling and powering ribosomes are energy-intensive processes requiring fine-tuned cellular control mechanisms. In organisms operating under strict nutrient limitations, such as pathogenic microsporidia, conservation of energy via ribosomal hibernation and recycling is critical. The mechanisms by which hibernation is achieved in microsporidia, however, remain poorly understood. Here, we present the cryo-electron microscopy structure of the ribosome from Paranosema locustae spores, bound by the conserved eukaryotic hibernation and recycling factor Lso2. The microsporidian Lso2 homolog adopts a V-shaped conformation to bridge the mRNA decoding site and the large subunit tRNA binding sites, providing a reversible ribosome inactivation mechanism. Although microsporidian ribosomes are highly compacted, the P. locustae ribosome retains several rRNA segments absent in other microsporidia, and represents an intermediate state of rRNA reduction. In one case, the near complete reduction of an expansion segment has resulted in a single bound nucleotide, which may act as an architectural co-factor to stabilize a protein-protein interface. The presented structure highlights the reductive evolution in these emerging pathogens and sheds light on a conserved mechanism for eukaryotic ribosome hibernation.
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| 4. |
- Kurth, W.S., Hospodarsky, G.B., Gurnett, D.A., Kaiser, M.L., Wahlund, J.E., Roux, A., Canu, P., Zarka, P. and Tokarev, Y.
(författare)
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An overview of observations by the Cassini radio and plasma wave investigation at Earth.
- 2001
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Ingår i: Journal of Geophysical Research. ; 106:A12, s. 30239-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- On August 18, 1999, the Cassini spacecraft flew by Earth at an altitude of 1186 km on its way to Saturn. Although the flyby was performed exclusively to provide the spacecraft with sufficient velocity to get to Saturn, the radio and plasma wave science (R
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| 5. |
- Murzin, Dmitry Yu., et al.
(författare)
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Hemicellulose arabinogalactan hydrolytic hydrogenation over Ru-modified H-USY zeolites
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of Catalysis. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-9517 .- 1090-2694. ; 330, s. 93-105
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The hydrolytic hydrogenation of hemicellulose arabinogalactan was investigated in the presence of protonic and Ru (1-5 wt.%)-modified USY zeolites (Si/Al ratio = 15 and 30). The use of the purely acidic materials was effective in depolymerizing the macromolecule into free sugars. While the latter partly dehydrated into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and furfural, the generation of high molecular-weight compounds (aggregates of sugars and humins) was not favored, in contrast to previous evidences over beta zeolites. Application of the bifunctional Ru/USY catalyst, comprising well-dispersed metallic nanopartides on the aluminosilicate support, resulted in the formation of galactitol and arabitol, in the suppression of dehydration side products, and further inhibition of polymerization reactions, which only yielded low molecular-weight oligomers. Detailed analysis of the reaction pathways as well as kinetic modeling of hydrolytic hydrogenation was performed with an advanced reaction mechanism.
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| 6. |
- Paquin-Proulx, D, et al.
(författare)
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Preferential and persistent impact of acute HIV-1 infection on CD4+ iNKT cells in colonic mucosa
- 2021
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Ingår i: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 1091-6490. ; 118:46
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Evidence suggests that HIV-1 disease progression is determined in the early stages of infection. Here, preinfection invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cell levels were predictive of the peak viral load during acute HIV-1 infection (AHI). Furthermore, iNKT cells were preferentially lost in AHI. This was particularly striking in the colonic mucosa, where iNKT cells were depleted more profoundly than conventional CD4+T cells. The initiation of antiretroviral therapy during AHI-prevented iNKT cell dysregulation in peripheral blood but not in the colonic mucosa. Overall, our results support a model in which iNKT cells are early and preferential targets for HIV-1 infection during AHI.
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