| 1. |
- Rips, Leho, et al.
(författare)
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Severe deficiency of vitamin D has no negative effect on physical performance during military training.
- 2023
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Ingår i: The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness. - 1827-1928. ; 63:2, s. 329-338
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Decreased physical fitness and inferior physical performance are potentially life-threatening risk factors in a combat situation. To examine the effect of vitamin D on physical performance, a prospective study of young men conscripts in the Estonian Army was designed. The hypothesis of the study was that severe deficiency of vitamin D has a negative effect on physical performance.All conscripts (N.=410) entering 10-month military service in July 2015 at the Kuperjanov Battalion were asked to participate. Initially, a total of 98 conscripts volunteered to participate. A prospective longitudinal study with a 10-month follow-up period was performed. The Army Physical Fitness Test (APFT) was performed three times, and hand grip strength, and blood serum values of 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (PTH) and calcium (Ca) were measured four times.A significant decrease in the levels of 25(OH)D compared with baseline values were found, with a lowest mean value of 31.9 nmol/L in March 2016 (P<0.001). No significant differences were found in serum Ca levels. In March 2016, PTH was significantly higher in the severe deficiency group (<25 nmol/L of 25(OH)D) (P=0.02). No significant differences were found in terms of the APFT or hand grip strength between conscripts with severe deficiency of 25(OH)D or values >25 nmol/L. The main finding of the present study was that severe 25(OH)D deficiency was common among male conscripts during the winter season but had no negative effect on physical performance in terms of the APFT test and hand grip strength test.Severe vitamin D deficiency during the winter season is common but has no negative effect on physical performance in young, physically active men in military service.
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| 2. |
- Suutre, Siim, et al.
(författare)
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Bone tissue content of TGF-2 changes with time in human heterotopic ossification after total hip arthroplasty
- 2009
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Ingår i: Growth Factors. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0897-7194 .- 1029-2292. ; 27:2, s. 114-120
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Transforming growth factor beta isoforms (TGF-1, TGF-2, and TGF-3) most likely play a role in bone physiology, but little is known about their relative importance in normal as well as in heterotopic bone. This study focused on possible differences in the localization and relative content of different TGF beta isoforms in heterotopic ossifications (HO) by comparing HOs, which have developed less than 17 months (immature HOs) with those developed 3-9 years (mature HOs). The HOs were harvested after total hip arthroplasty (THA) during revision surgery. The HO samples were decalcified, embedded in paraffin and sectioned. Azan staining was used to evaluate histological structure of the ossifications and immunohistochemical analysis was performed to estimate the localization of three TGF beta isoforms in the HOs. Comparison of different TGF beta isoforms in the immature and the mature ossifications showed that the content of TGF-2 was decreased by almost three times in the mature HO as compared to the immature HO (p=0.0064). The proportions of other isoforms in HOs did not differ significantly. This study shows that the relative importance of TGF betas change with HO development.
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