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| 6. |
- Weiner, D. J., et al.
(författare)
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Polygenic transmission disequilibrium confirms that common and rare variation act additively to create risk for autism spectrum disorders
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 49:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) risk is influenced by common polygenic and de novo variation. We aimed to clarify the influence of polygenic risk for ASD and to identify subgroups of ASD cases, including those with strongly acting de novo variants, in which polygenic risk is relevant. Using a novel approach called the polygenic transmission disequilibrium test and data from 6,454 families with a child with ASD, we show that polygenic risk for ASD, schizophrenia, and greater educational attainment is over-transmitted to children with ASD. These findings hold independent of proband IQ. We find that polygenic variation contributes additively to risk in ASD cases who carry a strongly acting de novo variant. Lastly, we show that elements of polygenic risk are independent and differ in their relationship with phenotype. These results confirm that the genetic influences on ASD are additive and suggest that they create risk through at least partially distinct etiologic pathways.
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| 7. |
- Anney, R. J. L., et al.
(författare)
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Meta-analysis of GWAS of over 16,000 individuals with autism spectrum disorder highlights a novel locus at 10q24.32 and a significant overlap with schizophrenia
- 2017
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Ingår i: Molecular Autism. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2040-2392. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Over the past decade genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been applied to aid in the understanding of the biology of traits. The success of this approach is governed by the underlying effect sizes carried by the true risk variants and the corresponding statistical power to observe such effects given the study design and sample size under investigation. Previous ASD GWAS have identified genome-wide significant (GWS) risk loci; however, these studies were of only of low statistical power to identify GWS loci at the lower effect sizes (odds ratio (OR) < 1.15). Methods: We conducted a large-scale coordinated international collaboration to combine independent genotyping data to improve the statistical power and aid in robust discovery of GWS loci. This study uses genome-wide genotyping data from a discovery sample (7387 ASD cases and 8567 controls) followed by meta-analysis of summary statistics from two replication sets (7783 ASD cases and 11359 controls; and 1369 ASD cases and 137308 controls). Results: We observe a GWS locus at 10q24.32 that overlaps several genes including PITX3, which encodes a transcription factor identified as playing a role in neuronal differentiation and CUEDC2 previously reported to be associated with social skills in an independent population cohort. We also observe overlap with regions previously implicated in schizophrenia which was further supported by a strong genetic correlation between these disorders (Rg = 0.23; P= 9 x10(-6)). We further combined these Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) ASD GWAS data with the recent PGC schizophrenia GWAS to identify additional regions which may be important in a common neurodevelopmental phenotype and identified 12 novel GWS loci. These include loci previously implicated in ASD such as FOXP1 at 3p13, ATP2B2 at 3p25.3, and a 'neurodevelopmental hub' on chromosome 8p11.23. Conclusions: This study is an important step in the ongoing endeavour to identify the loci which underpin the common variant signal in ASD. In addition to novel GWS loci, we have identified a significant genetic correlation with schizophrenia and association of ASD with several neurodevelopmental- related genes such as EXT1, ASTN2, MACROD2, and HDAC4.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Anderson, Cynthia M., et al.
(författare)
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Permanent Genetic Resources added to Molecular Ecology Resources Database 1 December 2009-31 January 2010
- 2010
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Ingår i: Molecular Ecology Resources. - : Wiley. - 1755-098X .- 1755-0998. ; 10:3, s. 576-579
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This article documents the addition of 220 microsatellite marker loci to the Molecular Ecology Resources Database. Loci were developed for the following species: Allanblackia floribunda, Amblyraja radiata, Bactrocera cucurbitae, Brachycaudus helichrysi, Calopogonium mucunoides, Dissodactylus primitivus, Elodea canadensis, Ephydatia fluviatilis, Galapaganus howdenae howdenae, Hoplostethus atlanticus, Ischnura elegans, Larimichthys polyactis, Opheodrys vernalis, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Phragmidium violaceum, Pistacia vera, and Thunnus thynnus. These loci were cross-tested on the following species: Allanblackia gabonensis, Allanblackia stanerana, Neoceratitis cyanescens, Dacus ciliatus, Dacus demmerezi, Bactrocera zonata, Ceratitis capitata, Ceratitis rosa, Ceratits catoirii, Dacus punctatifrons, Ephydatia mulleri, Spongilla lacustris, Geodia cydonium, Axinella sp., Ischnura graellsii, Ischnura ramburii, Ischnura pumilio, Pistacia integerrima and Pistacia terebinthus.
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| 10. |
- Heuer, V. B., et al.
(författare)
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Temperature limits to deep subseafloor life in the Nankai Trough subduction zone
- 2020
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Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 370:6521, s. 1230-1234
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Microorganisms in marine subsurface sediments substantially contribute to global biomass. Sediments warmer than 40 degrees C account for roughly half the marine sediment volume, but the processes mediated by microbial populations in these hard-to-access environments are poorly understood. We investigated microbial life in up to 1.2-kilometer-deep and up to 120 degrees C hot sediments in the Nankai Trough subduction zone. Above 45 degrees C, concentrations of vegetative cells drop two orders of magnitude and endospores become more than 6000 times more abundant than vegetative cells. Methane is biologically produced and oxidized until sediments reach 80 degrees to 85 degrees C. In 100 degrees to 120 degrees C sediments, isotopic evidence and increased cell concentrations demonstrate the activity of acetate-degrading hyperthermophiles. Above 45 degrees C, populated zones alternate with zones up to 192 meters thick where microbes were undetectable.
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| 12. |
- Andersen, M. R., et al.
(författare)
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Comparative genomics of citric-acid-producing Aspergillus niger ATCC 1015 versus enzyme-producing CBS 513.88
- 2011
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Ingår i: Genome Research. - : Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. - 1088-9051 .- 1549-5469. ; 21:6, s. 885-897
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger exhibits great diversity in its phenotype. It is found globally, both as marine and terrestrial strains, produces both organic acids and hydrolytic enzymes in high amounts, and some isolates exhibit pathogenicity. Although the genome of an industrial enzyme-producing A. niger strain (CBS 513.88) has already been sequenced, the versatility and diversity of this species compel additional exploration. We therefore undertook wholegenome sequencing of the acidogenic A. niger wild-type strain (ATCC 1015) and produced a genome sequence of very high quality. Only 15 gaps are present in the sequence, and half the telomeric regions have been elucidated. Moreover, sequence information from ATCC 1015 was used to improve the genome sequence of CBS 513.88. Chromosome-level comparisons uncovered several genome rearrangements, deletions, a clear case of strain-specific horizontal gene transfer, and identification of 0.8 Mb of novel sequence. Single nucleotide polymorphisms per kilobase (SNPs/kb) between the two strains were found to be exceptionally high (average: 7.8, maximum: 160 SNPs/kb). High variation within the species was confirmed with exo-metabolite profiling and phylogenetics. Detailed lists of alleles were generated, and genotypic differences were observed to accumulate in metabolic pathways essential to acid production and protein synthesis. A transcriptome analysis supported up-regulation of genes associated with biosynthesis of amino acids that are abundant in glucoamylase A, tRNA-synthases, and protein transporters in the protein producing CBS 513.88 strain. Our results and data sets from this integrative systems biology analysis resulted in a snapshot of fungal evolution and will support further optimization of cell factories based on filamentous fungi
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| 13. |
- Pawlowski, P., et al.
(författare)
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Neutron recognition in the LAND detector for large neutron multiplicity
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002. ; 694, s. 47-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The performance of the LAND neutron detector is studied. Using an event-mixing technique based on one-neutron data obtained in the S107 experiment at the GSI laboratory, we test the efficiency of various analytic tools used to determine the multiplicity and kinematic properties of detected neutrons. A new algorithm developed recently for recognizing neutron showers from spectator decays in the ALADIN experiment S254 is described in detail. Its performance is assessed in comparison with other methods. The properties of the observed neutron events are used to estimate the detection efficiency of LAND in this experiment. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 14. |
- Yoo, S. J. B., et al.
(författare)
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Spectral phase encoded time spread optical code division multiple access technology for next generation communication networks Invited
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Optical Networking. - 1536-5379. ; 6:10, s. 1210-1227
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We overview and summarize the progress of the spectral phase encoded time spreading (SPECTS) optical code division multiple access (O-CDMA) technology. Recent progress included a demonstration of a 320 Gbit/s (32-user x 10 Gbit/s) all-optical passive optical network testbed based on the SPECTS O-CDMA technology and a theoretical prediction of the spectral efficiency at 100% and above. In particular, InP-based integrated photonics allows implementation of SPECTS O-CDMA transmitters and receivers monolithically integrated on a chip. The integrated InP chip technology not only allows robust and compact configurations for practical and low-cost O-CDMA network deployments but also offers code reconfigurations at rapid rates for secure communication applications.
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Das, Anirban, et al.
(författare)
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Combined immunotherapy improves outcome for replication repair deficient (RRD) high-grade glioma failing anti-PD1 monotherapy: A report from the International RRD Consortium.
- 2024
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Ingår i: Cancer discovery. - 2159-8290. ; 14:2, s. 258-273
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Immune-checkpoint inhibition (ICI) is effective for replication-repair deficient, high-grade gliomas (RRD-HGG). Clinical/biologic impact of immune-directed approaches after failing ICI-monotherapy are unknown. We performed an international study on 75 patients treated with anti-PD1; 20 are progression-free (median follow-up: 3.7-years). After 2nd-progression/recurrence (n=55), continuing ICI-based salvage prolonged survival to 11.6-months (n=38; p<0.001), particularly for those with extreme mutation burden (p=0.03). Delayed, sustained responses were observed, associated with changes in mutational spectra and immune-microenvironment. Response to re-irradiation was explained by an absence of deleterious post-radiation indel signatures (ID8). Increased CTLA4-expression over time, and subsequent CTLA4-inhibition resulted in response/stable disease in 75%. RAS-MAPK-pathway inhibition led to reinvigoration of peripheral immune and radiological responses. Local (flare) and systemic immune adverse events were frequent (biallelic mismatch-repair deficiency > Lynch syndrome). We provide mechanistic rationale for the sustained benefit in RRD-HGG from immune-directed/ synergistic salvage therapies. Future approaches need to be tailored to patient and tumor biology.
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| 17. |
- Das, A., et al.
(författare)
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Genomic predictors of response to PD-1 inhibition in children with germline DNA replication repair deficiency
- 2022
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Ingår i: Nature Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 28:1, s. 125-135
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cancers arising from germline DNA mismatch repair deficiency or polymerase proofreading deficiency (MMRD and PPD) in children harbour the highest mutational and microsatellite insertion–deletion (MS-indel) burden in humans. MMRD and PPD cancers are commonly lethal due to the inherent resistance to chemo-irradiation. Although immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have failed to benefit children in previous studies, we hypothesized that hypermutation caused by MMRD and PPD will improve outcomes following ICI treatment in these patients. Using an international consortium registry study, we report on the ICI treatment of 45 progressive or recurrent tumors from 38 patients. Durable objective responses were observed in most patients, culminating in a 3 year survival of 41.4%. High mutation burden predicted response for ultra-hypermutant cancers (>100 mutations per Mb) enriched for combined MMRD + PPD, while MS-indels predicted response in MMRD tumors with lower mutation burden (10–100 mutations per Mb). Furthermore, both mechanisms were associated with increased immune infiltration even in ‘immunologically cold’ tumors such as gliomas, contributing to the favorable response. Pseudo-progression (flare) was common and was associated with immune activation in the tumor microenvironment and systemically. Furthermore, patients with flare who continued ICI treatment achieved durable responses. This study demonstrates improved survival for patients with tumors not previously known to respond to ICI treatment, including central nervous system and synchronous cancers, and identifies the dual roles of mutation burden and MS-indels in predicting sustained response to immunotherapy. © 2022, The Author(s).
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Lukasik, J., et al.
(författare)
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Discriminant analysis and secondary-beam charge recognition
- 2008
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Ingår i: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-9002. ; 587:2-3, s. 413-419
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The discriminant-analysis method has been applied to optimize the exotic-beam charge recognition in a projectile fragmentation experiment. The experiment was carried out at the GSI using the fragment separator (FRS) to produce and select the relativistic secondary beams, and the ALADIN setup to measure their fragmentation products following collisions with Sn target nuclei. The beams of neutron poor isotopes around La-124 and Sn-107 were selected to study the isospin dependence of the limiting temperature of heavy nuclei by comparing with results for stable Sn-124 projectiles. A dedicated detector to measure the projectile charge upstream of the reaction target was not used, and alternative methods had to be developed. The presented method, based on the multivariate discriminant analysis, allowed to increase the efficacy of charge recognition up to about 90%, which was about 20% more than achieved with the simple scalar methods.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Retherford, K. D., et al.
(författare)
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Io's Atmosphere Silhouetted by Jupiter Ly alpha
- 2019
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Ingår i: Astronomical Journal. - : IOP PUBLISHING LTD. - 0004-6256 .- 1538-3881. ; 158:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We report results from a new technique for mapping Io's SO2 vapor distribution. The Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) instrument on the Hubble Space Telescope observed Io during four Jupiter transit events to obtain medium resolution far-UV spectral images near the Ly alpha wavelength of 121.6 nm. Jupiter's bright Ly alpha dayglow provides a bright, mostly uniform background light source for opacity measurements, much like during a stellar occultation or transiting exoplanet event. Peaks in the photoabsorption cross-sections for sulfur dioxide occur near 122 nm, with resulting absorptions raising the altitude where a tangential line-of-sight opacity of similar to 1 occurs. This method of measuring column densities along lines of sight above the limb uses detailed image simulations and complements Ly alpha reflectance imaging and other methods for measuring Io's SO2 gas on the disk. Our reported near-terminator limb observations with STIS confirm the findings from previous Ly alpha disk reflectance imaging that Io's polar SO2 density is an order of magnitude lower than found at the equator. We provide constraints for additional attenuation by atmospheric hydrogen atoms produced by charge exchange reactions between magnetospheric protons and Io's atmosphere. Searches for plume-related features provided no definitive enhancements within the signal quality, ruling out unusually high levels of activity for Pele and Tvashtar.
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| 22. |
- Roelsgaard, Ida K., et al.
(författare)
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Smoking cessation is associated with lower disease activity and predicts cardiovascular risk reduction in rheumatoid arthritis patients
- 2020
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Ingår i: Rheumatology. - : Oxford University Press. - 1462-0324 .- 1462-0332. ; 59:8, s. 1997-2004
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Smoking is a major risk factor for the development of both cardiovascular disease (CVD) and RA and may cause attenuated responses to anti-rheumatic treatments. Our aim was to compare disease activity, CVD risk factors and CVD event rates across smoking status in RA patients. Methods: Disease characteristics, CVD risk factors and relevant medications were recorded in RA patients without prior CVD from 10 countries (Norway, UK, Netherlands, USA, Sweden, Greece, South Africa, Spain, Canada and Mexico). Information on CVD events was collected. Adjusted analysis of variance, logistic regression and Cox models were applied to compare RA disease activity (DAS28), CVD risk factors and event rates across categories of smoking status. Results: Of the 3311 RA patients (1012 former, 887 current and 1412 never smokers), 235 experienced CVD events during a median follow-up of 3.5 years (interquartile range 2.5-6.1). At enrolment, current smokers were more likely to have moderate or high disease activity compared with former and never smokers (P < 0.001 for both). There was a gradient of worsening CVD risk factor profiles (lipoproteins and blood pressure) from never to former to current smokers. Furthermore, former and never smokers had significantly lower CVD event rates compared with current smokers [hazard ratio 0.70 (95% CI 0.51, 0.95), P = 0.02 and 0.48 (0.34, 0.69), P < 0.001, respectively]. The CVD event rates for former and never smokers were comparable. Conclusion: Smoking cessation in patients with RA was associated with lower disease activity and improved lipid profiles and was a predictor of reduced rates of CVD events.
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| 23. |
- Soares, Francisco M., et al.
(författare)
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Monolithic InP 100-Channel X 10-GHz Device for Optical Arbitrary Waveform Generation
- 2011
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Ingår i: IEEE Photonics Journal. - 1943-0655. ; 3:6, s. 975-985
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We demonstrate monolithic integration of a 100-channel arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) with 10-GHz channel spacing and 100 optically controlled Michelson-interferometer-based phase and amplitude modulators. The high-resolution AWG showed better than -15-dB crosstalk, and the modulator extinction ratio was better than 20 dB with either electrical or optical modulation control. The twin-integrated devices comprise a 50-mm diameter InP wafer with 1200 independent optoelectronic components.
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| 26. |
- Trautmann, W., et al.
(författare)
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Isotopic dependence of the caloric curve
- 2009
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Ingår i: Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0146-6410. ; 62:2, s. 407-412
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Isotopic effects in projectile fragmentation at relativistic energies have been studied with the ALADIN forward spectrometer at SIS. Stable and radioactive Sn and La beams with an incident energy of 600 MeV per nucleon have been used in order to explore a wide range of isotopic compositions. Chemical freeze-out temperatures are found to be nearly invariant with respect to the A/Z ratio of the produced spectator sources, consistent with predictions for expanded systems. Consequences for the proposed interpretation of chemical breakup temperatures as representing the limiting temperatures predicted by microscopic models are discussed. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 30. |
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| 31. |
- Brown, K. W., et al.
(författare)
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Observation of Long-Range Three-Body Coulomb Effects in the Decay of Ne-16
- 2014
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114 .- 0031-9007. ; 113:23, s. Art. no. 232501-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interaction of an E/A = 57.6-MeV Ne-17 beam with a Be target is used to populate levels in Ne-16 following neutron knockout reactions. The decay of 16Ne states into the three-body O-14 + p + p continuum is observed in the High Resolution Array (HiRA). For the first time for a 2p emitter, correlations between the momenta of the three decay products are measured with sufficient resolution and statistics to allow for an unambiguous demonstration of their dependence on the long-range nature of the Coulomb interaction. Contrary to previous measurements, our measured limit Gamma
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
- Charity, R. J., et al.
(författare)
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Two-proton decay of the 6Be ground state and the double isobaric analog of 11Li
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 420:1
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two-proton decay is discussed in a number of light isobaric multiplets. For the lightest two-proton emitter, 6Be, the momentum correlations between the three decay products were measured and found to be consistent with quantum-mechanical three-cluster-model calculations. Two-proton decay was also found for two members of the A=8 and A=11 quintets. Finally, a third member of the A=11 sextet, the double isobaric analog of the halo nucleus 11Li in 11B was observed by its two-proton decay.
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| 34. |
- Cometto, O., et al.
(författare)
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Control of Nanoplane Orientation in voBN for High Thermal Anisotropy in a Dielectric Thin Film: A New Solution for Thermal Hotspot Mitigation in Electronics
- 2017
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Ingår i: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1944-8252 .- 1944-8244. ; 9:8, s. 7456-7464
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High anisotropic thermal materials, which allow heat to dissipate in a preferential direction, are of interest as a prospective material for electronics as an effective thermal management solution for hot spots. However, due to their preferential heat propagation in the in-plane direction, the heat spreads laterally instead of vertically. This limitation makes these materials ineffective as the density of hot spots increases. Here, we produce a new dielectric thin film material at room temperature, named vertically ordered nanocrystalline h-BN (voBN). It is produced such that its preferential thermally conductive direction is aligned in the vertical axis, which facilitates direct thermal extraction, thereby addressing the increasing challenge of thermal crosstalk. The uniqueness of voBN comes from its h-BN nanocrystals where all their basal planes are aligned in the direction normal to the substrate plane. Using the 3 omega method, we show that voBN exhibits high anisotropic thermal conductivity (TC) with a 16-fold difference between through-film TC and in-plane TC (respectively 4.26 and 0.26 W.m(-1).K-1). Molecular dynamics simulations also concurred with the experimental data, showing that the origin of this anisotropic behavior is due to the nature of voBN's plane ordering. While the consistent vertical ordering provides an uninterrupted and preferred propagation path for phonons in the through-film direction, discontinuity in the lateral direction leads to a reduced in-plane TC. In addition, we also use COMSOL to simulate how the dielectric and thermal properties of voBN enable an increase in hot spot density up to 295% compared with SiO2, without any temperature increase.
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| 35. |
- Crowson, Cynthia S., et al.
(författare)
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Impact of risk factors associated with cardiovascular outcomes in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
- 2018
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Ingår i: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 0003-4967 .- 1468-2060. ; 77:1, s. 48-54
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have an excess risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). We aimed to assess the impact of CVD risk factors, including potential sex differences, and RA-specific variables on CVD outcome in a large, international cohort of patients with RA. Methods: In 13 rheumatology centres, data on CVD risk factors and RA characteristics were collected at baseline. CVD outcomes (myocardial infarction, angina, revascularisation, stroke, peripheral vascular disease and CVD death) were collected using standardised definitions. Results: 5638 patients with RA and no prior CVD were included (mean age: 55.3 (SD: 14.0) years, 76% women). During mean follow-up of 5.8 (SD: 4.4) years, 148 men and 241 women developed a CVD event (10-year cumulative incidence 20.9% and 11.1%, respectively). Men had a higher burden of CVD risk factors, including increased blood pressure, higher total cholesterol and smoking prevalence than women (all p<0.001). Among the traditional CVD risk factors, smoking and hypertension had the highest population attributable risk (PAR) overall and among both sexes, followed by total cholesterol. The PAR for Disease Activity Score and for seropositivity were comparable in magnitude to the PAR for lipids. A total of 70% of CVD events were attributable to all CVD risk factors and RA characteristics combined (separately 49% CVD risk factors and 30% RA characteristics). Conclusions: In a large, international cohort of patients with RA, 30% of CVD events were attributable to RA characteristics. This finding indicates that RA characteristics play an important role in efforts to reduce CVD risk among patients with RA.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Egorova, I. A., et al.
(författare)
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Democratic Decay of Be-6 Exposed by Correlations
- 2012
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Ingår i: Physical Review Letters. - 1079-7114 .- 0031-9007. ; 109:20
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The interaction of an E/A = 70-MeV Be-7 beam with a Be target was used to populate levels in Be-6 following neutron knockout reactions. The three-body decay of the ground and first excited states into the alpha + p + p exit channel were detected in the High Resolution Array. Precise three-body correlations extracted from the experimental data allowed us to obtain insight into the mechanism of the three-body democratic decay. The correlation data are in good agreement with a three-cluster-model calculation and thus validate this theoretical approach over a broad energy range.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
- Fung, X. C. C., et al.
(författare)
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Psychosocial Variables Related to Weight-Related Self-Stigma in Physical Activity among Young Adults across Weight Status
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 17:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A healthy lifestyle with sufficient physical activity (PA) can contribute to weight management. Yet, many people do not maintain a healthy lifestyle. To explain PA, we propose a model that incorporates the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) with weight-related self-stigma. We recruited 325 young adults to complete questionnaires regarding their physical activities, weight-related self-stigma, and TPB factors. We used structural equation modeling to examine the model fit and the path invariance across weight groups. The model showed excellent model fit, but path invariance was not supported. Weight-related self-stigma significantly explained the perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention, and engagement of PA. People without overweight and people with overweight have different considerations for PA. Weight-related self-stigma is important for PA as well. To promote a healthy lifestyle, healthcare providers should provide different suggestions or interventions that suit their patients' weight-related concerns.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
- Ramoglou, Stratos E., et al.
(författare)
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Logic matters: A meta-theoretical analysis of the entrepreneur
- 2018
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Ingår i: Academy of Management Annual Meeting Proceedings. - : Academy of Management.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper responds to calls for aligning our investigations with a fundamental concern for truth and objectivity through a meta-theoretical analysis of “the question of the entrepreneur”, viz., what explains the empirical puzzle that it is only some and not others to act entrepreneurially under similar conditions. While many entrepreneurship scholars search for the unique constitution of entrepreneurs, a growing contingent of scholars attributes this research enterprise to non-rational factors, such as ideological motives. Our analysis demonstrates that both approaches are logically unwarranted and emerge out of an unreflective engagement with the core puzzle. The mainstream view that entrepreneurs are fundamentally different from non-entrepreneurs emerges as an unreflective solution of the puzzle. Meta-theoretical reflexivity suggests that we already have a more plausible explanation: it is not anyone to exercise a widely held potential because prior to their successful exploitation opportunities are not seen uniformly as real opportunities. We do not need to find some well-hiding “entrepreneurial gene” in order to solve the puzzle; rather, we need to understand how we tend to lose sight of rather commonsensical insights in moments of academic abstraction. Having criticized the puzzle-solving process of mainstream research, we also criticize anti-mainstream critiques for failing to engage constructively with the empirical puzzle. We underscore that valid critiques require that we first engage thoroughly with the reasoning processes underlying a research practice, instead of being dogmatically dismissive – let alone accuse scholarly communities for being ideologically motivated. This study carries a further message of interest to the broader management studies community: closer attention to seemingly “trivial” logical subtleties reveals that we may need novel discoveries less often than we conventionally presume.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Tsang, K. F. E., et al.
(författare)
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Sparse Linear Injection Attack on Multi-Agent Consensus Control Systems
- 2021
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Ingår i: IEEE Control Systems Letters. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 2475-1456. ; 5:2, s. 665-670
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This letter investigates the problem of false data injection attack on the communication channels in a multi-agent system executing a consensus protocol. We formulate a non-convex optimisation problem for an attack strategy with minimal one-step attack energy to guarantee instability of the consensus system. We propose an algorithm based on ADMM to solve the problem efficiently in case standard solvers are not available. Numerical simulations are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of the attack strategy.
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| 48. |
- Watts, Anna L., et al.
(författare)
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Dense matter with eXTP
- 2019
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Ingår i: Science China Physics, Mechanics & Astronomy. - : Science Press. - 1674-7348 .- 1869-1927. ; 62:2
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this White Paper we present the potential of the Enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry (eXTP) mission for determining the nature of dense matter; neutron star cores host an extreme density regime which cannot be replicated in a terrestrial laboratory. The tightest statistical constraints on the dense matter equation of state will come from pulse profile modelling of accretion-powered pulsars, burst oscillation sources, and rotation-powered pulsars. Additional constraints will derive from spin measurements, burst spectra, and properties of the accretion flows in the vicinity of the neutron star. Under development by an international Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the eXTP mission is expected to be launched in the mid 2020s.
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| 49. |
- Wibetoe, Grunde, et al.
(författare)
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Performance of Cardiovascular Risk Age and Vascular Age Estimations in Predicting Cardiovascular Events in Rheumatoid Arthritis
- 2017
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Ingår i: Arthritis & Rheumatology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 2326-5191 .- 2326-5205. ; 69
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Background/Purpose: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients are at high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Risk algorithms for the general population lack precision when applied to RA patients and validated RA-specific CVD prediction models are missing. Risk age estimations are recommended as adjuncts to assessment of absolute 10-year risk of fatal CVD events. Two risk age models based on the Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation (SCORE) algorithm have been developed; the cardiovascular risk age and the vascular age. However, the performance of these models has not been compared. Using longitudinal data on CVD events in RA patients, we aimed to compare the discriminative ability of cardiovascular risk age and vascular age among RA patients and in subgroups of RA patients based on disease characteristics. Methods: Patients with RA were included from an international consortium, aged 30-70 years at baseline. Those with prior CVD, diabetes and/or users of lipid-lowering and/or antihypertensive therapy at baseline were excluded. Cardiovascular risk age was estimated based on chronologic age, smoking status, total cholesterol and systolic blood pressure at baseline. Vascular age was derived from the 10-year risk of CVD according to the SCORE algorithm, with or without high density lipoprotein cholesterol, using the equations for low and high risk countries. Performance of each risk age model in predicting CVD events was assessed using the concordance index. Results: Among the1867 RA patients included, 74% were female, median (inter-quartile range) age and disease duration were 52.0 (44.0, 59.9) and 0.6 (0.1, 6.4) years, 72.5% were rheumatoid factor positive, 24.7% were using glucocorticoids and 10.3% were using biologics at baseline. Overall, 144 CVD events occurred and median follow-up time was 5.0 (2.6, 9.3) years. Median difference between estimated risk age and chronologic age was 4.0 to 6.7 years, depending on the specific risk age model applied. Overall, the C-index across risk models ranged from 0.71 to 0.73 with standard errors of 0.03. Across prediction models, the lowest observed concordance was found among women and in glucocorticoid users and in those with new-onset disease (≤1 year). Additional analyses including RA patients on cardio preventive therapy yielded slightly lower c-indexes. Since SCORE was developed for use in Europe, we performed analyses on European RA patients, which yielded similar results. The trend of reduced concordance among women, glucocorticoid users and RA patients with short disease duration was preserved in these additional analyses. Conclusion: The cardiovascular risk age and vascular age models have comparable performance in predicting CVD in RA patients. Sex, disease duration and/or glucocorticoid treatment may influence the performance of risk age estimations.
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| 50. |
- Wibetoe, Grunde, et al.
(författare)
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Prediction of cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis using risk age calculations : evaluation of concordance across risk age models
- 2020
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Ingår i: Arthritis Research & Therapy. - : Springer Nature. - 1478-6362. ; 22:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In younger individuals, low absolute risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) may conceal an increased risk age and relative risk of CVD. Calculation of risk age is proposed as an adjuvant to absolute CVD risk estimation in European guidelines. We aimed to compare the discriminative ability of available risk age models in prediction of CVD in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Secondly, we also evaluated the performance of risk age models in subgroups based on RA disease characteristics.Methods: RA patients aged 30–70 years were included from an international consortium named A Trans-Atlantic Cardiovascular Consortium for Rheumatoid Arthritis (ATACC-RA). Prior CVD and diabetes mellitus were exclusion criteria. The discriminatory ability of specific risk age models was evaluated using c-statistics and their standard errors after calculating time until fatal or non-fatal CVD or last follow-up.Results: A total of 1974 patients were included in the main analyses, and 144 events were observed during follow-up, the median follow-up being 5.0 years. The risk age models gave highly correlated results, demonstrating R2 values ranging from 0.87 to 0.97. However, risk age estimations differed > 5 years in 15–32% of patients. C-statistics ranged 0.68–0.72 with standard errors of approximately 0.03. Despite certain RA characteristics being associated with low c-indices, standard errors were high. Restricting analysis to European RA patients yielded similar results.Conclusions: The cardiovascular risk age and vascular age models have comparable performance in predicting CVD in RA patients. The influence of RA disease characteristics on the predictive ability of these prediction models remains inconclusive.
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