| 1. |
- Cloetens, Lieselotte, et al.
(författare)
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Role of dietary beta-glucans in the prevention of the metabolic syndrome.
- 2012
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Ingår i: Nutrition Reviews. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1753-4887 .- 0029-6643. ; 70:8, s. 444-458
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The present review examines the evidence regarding the effect of β-glucan on variables linked to the metabolic syndrome (MetS), including appetite control, glucose control, hypertension, and gut microbiota composition. Appetite control can indirectly influence MetS by inducing a decreased energy intake, and promising results for a β-glucan intake to decrease appetite have been found using gut hormone responses and subjective appetite indicators. Beta-glucan also improves the glycemic index of meals and beneficially influences glucose metabolism in patients with type 2 diabetes or MetS, as well as in healthy subjects. Furthermore, a blood-pressure-lowering effect of β-glucan in hypertensive subjects seems fairly well substantiated. The gut microbiota composition might be an interesting target to prevent MetS, and preliminary results indicate the prebiotic potential of β-glucan. The evidence that β-glucan influences appetite control and gut microbiota in a positive way is still insufficient or difficult to interpret, and additional studies are needed in this field. Still, much evidence indicates that increased β-glucan intake could prevent MetS. Such evidence should encourage increased efforts toward the development of β-glucan-containing functional foods and promote the intake of β-glucan-rich foods, with the aim of reducing healthcare costs and disease prevalence.
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| 2. |
- Håkansson, Andreas, 1983-, et al.
(författare)
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Asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation enables the characterization of molecular and supramolecular properties of cereal beta-glucan dispersions
- 2012
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Ingår i: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 87:1, s. 518-523
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we study the properties of molecular and supra molecular species in cereal beta-glucan solutions/dispersions by the utilization of asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation coupled to multi-angle light scattering and refractive index (AsFIFFF-MALS-RI) detectors. The samples were purified barley and oat beta-glucans which were dissolved in aqueous solution using either mild conditions or more harsh treatments with alkali. Dissolution in 0.5 M NaOH was not sufficient to eliminate aggregated structures in barley beta-glucan. The results in this paper show how distinction can possibly be made between molecular and supra molecular species using scaling approaches and conformational parameters obtained from AsFIFFF-MALS-RI over the entire size distribution. Small species in the barley beta-glucan samples display properties ranging from elongated conformation to random coil conformation. Aggregates have low apparent densities and a swollen micro gel structure. Oat beta-glucan displays no properties that can be attributed to a molecularly dissolved beta-glucan showing that dissolution was incomplete. The aggregate properties analyzed were similar between oat and barley beta-glucan.
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| 3. |
- Håkansson, Andreas, et al.
(författare)
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Asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation enables the characterization of molecular and supramolecular properties of cereal beta-glucan dispersions
- 2012
-
Ingår i: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier BV. - 0144-8617. ; 87:1, s. 518-523
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this paper we study the properties of molecular and supra molecular species in cereal beta-glucan solutions/dispersions by the utilization of asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation coupled to multi-angle light scattering and refractive index (AsFlFFF-MALS-RI) detectors. The samples were purified barley and oat beta-glucans which were dissolved in aqueous solution using either mild conditions or more harsh treatments with alkali. Dissolution in 0.5 M NaOH was not sufficient to eliminate aggregated structures in barley beta-glucan. The results in this paper show how distinction can possibly be made between molecular and supra molecular species using scaling approaches and conformational parameters obtained from AsFlFFF-MALS-RI over the entire size distribution. Small species in the barley beta-glucan samples display properties ranging from elongated conformation to random coil conformation. Aggregates have low apparent densities and a swollen micro gel structure. Oat beta-glucan displays no properties that can be attributed to a molecularly dissolved beta-glucan showing that dissolution was incomplete. The aggregate properties analyzed were similar between oat and barley beta-glucan.
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| 4. |
- Johansson Persson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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A high intake of dietary fiber influences C-reactive protein and fibrinogen, but not glucose and lipid metabolism, in mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects.
- 2014
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1436-6215 .- 1436-6207. ; 53:1, s. 39-48
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of the study was to investigate how a diet high in dietary fiber, with several fiber sources included, modulates glucose and lipid metabolism and the inflammatory response in humans. METHODS: Subjects (n = 25) aged 58.6 (1.1) years (mean and SD) with a BMI of 26.6 (0.5) kg/m(2) and a total cholesterol (TC) of 5.8 (0.1) mmol/L (mean and SEM) were given a high fiber (HF) and low fiber (LF) diet, in a randomized controlled 5-week crossover intervention, separated by a 3-week washout. The HF diet consisted of oat bran, rye bran, and sugar beet fiber incorporated into test food products; one bread roll, one ready meal, and two beverages consumed daily. Equivalent food products, without added fibers, were provided in the LF diet. RESULTS: Total dietary fiber intake was 48.0 g and 30.2 g per day for the HF and LF diet, respectively. Significant reduction in C-reactive protein (CRP) was observed between the diets (P = 0.017) and a significant reduction in fibrinogen within the HF diet (P = 0.044). There were no significant effects in other measured circulating cytokines or in glucose, insulin, and lipid levels. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that a 5-week high dietary fiber intake of oat bran, rye bran, and sugar beet fiber might reduce the low-grade inflammatory response measured as CRP which could, together with reduced fibrinogen, help to prevent the risk of cardiovascular disease.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Johansson Persson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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LC-QTOF/MS metabolomic profiles in human plasma after a 5-week high dietary fiber intake.
- 2013
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Ingår i: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1618-2642 .- 1618-2650. ; 405:14, s. 4799-4809
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The objective was to investigate the alterations of plasma metabolome profiles to identify exposure and effect markers of dietary fiber intake. Subjects (n = 25) aged 58.6 (1.1) years (mean and SD) with a body mass index of 26.6 (0.5) kg/m(2) were given a high fiber (HF) and a low fiber (LF) diet, in a 5-week randomized controlled crossover intervention. The HF diet consisted of oat bran, rye bran, and sugar beet fiber incorporated into test food products, whereas the LF diet was made of equivalent food products to the HF diet, but without adding fibers. Blood plasma samples were collected at the start and end of each intervention period and analyzed by LC-QTOF/MS. In total, 6 features in positive mode and 14 features in negative mode were significantly different between the HF and the LF diet (p < 0.01, q < 0.05). Two markers, 2,6-dihydroxybenzoic acid and 2-aminophenol sulfate, were increased after HF diet, along with a tentatively identified saponin derived from oat avenacosides. The untargeted metabolomics approach enabled the identification of two new markers of dietary fiber intake in human plasma. Further studies will be needed to verify if these markers could serve as compliance markers of fiber intake.
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| 7. |
- Leder, Lena, et al.
(författare)
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Effects of a healthy Nordic diet on gene expression changes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to an oral glucose tolerance test in subjects with metabolic syndrome : A SYSDIET sub-study
- 2016
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Ingår i: Genes & Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1555-8932 .- 1865-3499. ; 11:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Diet has a great impact on the risk of developing features of metabolic syndrome (MetS), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We evaluated whether a long-term healthy Nordic diet (ND) can modify the expression of inflammation and lipid metabolism-related genes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) during a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in individuals with MetS. Methods: A Nordic multicenter randomized dietary study included subjects (n = 213) with MetS, randomized to a ND group or a control diet (CD) group applying an isocaloric study protocol. In this sub-study, we included subjects (n = 89) from three Nordic centers: Kuopio (n =26), Lund (n = 30), and Oulu (n = 33) with a maximum weight change of ±4 kg, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein concentration ≤10 mg L-1, and baseline body mass index -2. PBMCs were isolated, and the mRNA gene expression analysis was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). We analyzed the mRNA expression changes of 44 genes before and after a 2hOGTT at the beginning and the end of the intervention. Results: The healthy ND significantly down-regulated the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), interleukin 18 (IL18), and thrombospondin receptor (CD36) mRNA transcripts and significantly up-regulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPARD) mRNA transcript after the 2hOGTT compared to the CD. Conclusions: A healthy ND is able to modify the gene expression in PBMCs after a 2hOGTT. However, more studies are needed to clarify the biological and clinical relevance of these findings.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Leeman, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Practical Applications of Asymmetrical Flow Field-Flow Fractionation (AF4): A Review
- 2015
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Ingår i: LCGC Europe. - 1471-6577. ; 28:12, s. 642-651
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Characterization of macromolecules and colloids is an area of considerable interest. Asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) has become a well-established method, but many potential users possess limited knowledge of its capabilities, or how it can provide additional information or serve as validation to the traditional analytical techniques. This review article highlights several practical applications where AF4 should be given special consideration, and discusses benefits and drawbacks of the different methods.
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| 10. |
- Leeman, Mats, et al.
(författare)
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Proteins and antibodies in serum, plasma, and whole blood—size characterization using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4)
- 2018
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Ingår i: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1618-2642 .- 1618-2650. ; 410:20, s. 4867-4873
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The analysis of aggregates of therapeutic proteins is crucial in order to ensure efficacy and patient safety. Typically, the analysis is performed in the finished formulation to ensure that aggregates are not present. An important question is, however, what happens to therapeutic proteins, with regard to oligomerization and aggregation, after they have been administrated (i.e., in the blood). In this paper, the separation of whole blood, plasma, and serum is shown using asymmetric flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) with a minimum of sample pre-treatment. Furthermore, the analysis and size characterization of a fluorescent antibody in blood plasma using AF4 are demonstrated. The results show the suitability and strength of AF4 for blood analysis and open new important routes for the analysis and characterization of therapeutic proteins in the blood.
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| 11. |
- Myhrstad, Mari C. W., et al.
(författare)
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Healthy Nordic Diet Modulates the Expression of Genes Related to Mitochondrial Function and Immune Response in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from Subjects with Metabolic Syndrome-A SYSDIET Sub-Study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Molecular Nutrition & Food Research. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 1613-4125 .- 1613-4133. ; 63:13
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Scope To explore the effect of a healthy Nordic diet on the global transcriptome profile in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of subjects with metabolic syndrome. Methods and results Subjects with metabolic syndrome undergo a 18/24 week randomized intervention study comparing an isocaloric healthy Nordic diet with an average habitual Nordic diet served as control (SYSDIET study). Altogether, 68 participants are included. PBMCs are obtained before and after intervention and total RNA is subjected to global transcriptome analysis. 1302 probe sets are differentially expressed between the diet groups (p-value < 0.05). Twenty-five of these are significantly regulated (FDR q-value < 0.25) and are mainly involved in mitochondrial function, cell growth, and cell adhesion. The list of 1302 regulated probe sets is subjected to functional analyses. Pathways and processes involved in the mitochondrial electron transport chain, immune response, and cell cycle are downregulated in the healthy Nordic diet group. In addition, gene transcripts with common motifs for 42 transcription factors, including NFR1, NFR2, and NF-kappa B, are downregulated in the healthy Nordic diet group. Conclusion These results suggest that benefits of a healthy diet may be mediated by improved mitochondrial function and reduced inflammation.
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| 12. |
- Runyon, Ray, et al.
(författare)
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A perspective on the characterization of colloids and macromolecules using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation
- 2014
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Ingår i: Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. - : Elsevier BV. - 0927-7757. ; 442, s. 25-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AF4) is rapidly becoming a technique of choice for the separation and characterization of complex materials. It is capable of fractionating samples over a wide size (similar to 2 nm to 50 mu m in diameter) and molecular weight range (10(3)-10(10) g/mol). It offers gentle, low shear, low pressure separation conditions which are essential to preserve the structure and aggregation of fragile species. In this paper we illustrate a number of examples where AF4 plays central role in providing detailed and accurate characterization of polydisperse and complex colloidal and macromolecular materials such as proteins, polysaccharides, nanoparticles, and emulsion droplets. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 13. |
- Ulmius, Matilda, et al.
(författare)
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An oat branmeal influences blood insulin levels and related gene sets in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy subjects
- 2011
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Ingår i: Genes & Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1555-8932 .- 1865-3499. ; 6:4, s. 429-439
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The understanding of how fibre-rich meals regulate molecular events at a gene level is limited. This pilot study aimed to investigate changes in gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from healthy subjects after consumption of an oat bran-rich meal. Fifteen subjects (8 men and 7 women, aged 20-28 years) ingested meals with oat bran or a control meal after an overnight fast. Blood samples for analysis of postprandial glucose, insulin and triglyceride concentrations were taken during 3 h, while PBMCs for microarray gene expression profiling from five men and five women were taken before and 2 h after the meal. Analysis of transcriptome data was performed with linear mixed models to determine differentially expressed genes in response either to meal intake or meal content, and enrichment analysis was used to identify functional gene sets responding to meal intake and specifically to oat bran intake. Meal intake as such affected gene expression for genes mainly involved in metabolic stress; indicating increased inflammation due to the switch from fasting to fed state. The oat bran meal affected gene sets associated with a lower insulin level, compared with the control meal. The gene sets included genes involved in insulin secretion and β-cell development, but also protein synthesis and genes related to cancer diseases. The oat bran meal also significantly lowered postprandial blood insulin IAUC compared to control. Further studies are needed to compare these acute effects with the long-term health effects of oat bran.
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| 14. |
- Ulmius, Matilda
(författare)
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Characterisation of Dietary Fibre Properties to Optimise the Effects on Human Metabolism and the Transcriptome
- 2011
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- It is well established that dietary fibre, especially soluble dietary fibre, has beneficial effects and can prevent diseases associated with the modern lifestyle. This has been explained by the viscous effects of soluble fibre, which can reduce or delay the absorption of carbohydrates and fat in the small intestine, resulting in lower blood concentrations of glucose, insulin and cholesterol. Oats, rye, sugar beet fibre and barley, all recognised for their high content of soluble fibre, were investigated in this work. The ability of fibres to form viscous solutions is determined by the concentration, solubility, the polymer molar mass and aggregate formation. The fibre releasability (solubility) and solution behaviour were analysed under physiological conditions to examine the effects of processing, the surrounding matrix and gastrointestinal conditions. Less than half of the β-glucans was released from oat bran when analysed with an in vitro method imitating gastrointestinal digestion, and the same was found regarding the release of pectin from coarse particles of sugar beet fibre. Reducing the particle size by milling improved the releasability, while mixing the milled fractions with a solid food matrix (protein, fat or starch) decreased or delayed it. The effect of food processing on barley β-glucan aggregation was studied using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation. Boiling was shown to disrupt the largest aggregates, while higher temperatures also seemed to degrade the polymer chain. Freeze-thaw cycles resulted in cryogelation, which could lead to reduced viscosity. The low pH in the in vitro gastric digestion phase also disrupted the aggregates, but this was followed by re-aggregation/gelation at the neutral pH mimicking the conditions in the small intestine. This may entrap nutrients in the aggregate or gel matrix, thereby reducing absorption. A human study was performed with oats, rye and sugar beet fibre, and mixtures of these three. Fibre-rich meals were optimised to promote high releasability of fibre and retention of aggregates. Changes in traditional biomarkers, as well as in the transcriptome, in response to the fibre-rich meals, were examined in healthy men and women. The postprandial glucose levels were lowered by rye bran, while oat bran lowered the insulin concentrations. The lowering effects may be related to fibre source, the amount of soluble and insoluble fibre and pre-processing of the fibre. In contrast, a spray-dried oat drink increased the postprandial levels of insulin, possibly due to its low fibre content in combination with certain amino acids and a high amount of carbohydrates in the liquid matrix. Women showed, on average, a more pronounced glucose lowering response than men, indicating that different amounts of dietary fibre should be recommended for men and women. Changes in gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells after the intake of oat bran were investigated with microarray analysis. Gene sets and pathways related to insulin secretion were significantly suppressed in response to the oat bran meal compared with the control meal. In conclusion, many factors may influence the properties of dietary fibre. It is therefore valuable to use in vitro methods to simulate gastrointestinal digestion to characterise and optimise fibre functionality prior to testing their effects on human metabolism and the transcriptome.
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| 15. |
- Ulmius, Matilda, et al.
(författare)
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Gastrointestinal conditions influence the solution behaviour of cereal beta-glucans in vitro
- 2012
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Ingår i: Food Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-7072 .- 0308-8146. ; 130:3, s. 536-540
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The solution behaviour of b-glucans in a gastrointestinal model was investigated in order to explore the mechanisms explaining the physiological effects of the soluble fibre. Asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation was used to determine the molar mass distribution, and in-line calcofluor labelling allowed specific detection of b-glucans in complex samples. When dispersed in water, weight-average molar mass (Mw) was determined to 1 * 10^6 g/mol for pure oat and barley b-glucans, and 200 * 10^6 g/mol for b-glucans in oat bran, indicating that the b-glucans were aggregating. Samples from the gastric digestion displayed disrupted aggregates, while samples from the small intestinal digestion contained re-formed aggregates. Additionally, the aggregates from pure b-glucans were considerably denser after intestinal digestion. This may be construed as gel-formation in the small intestine, which should be tested for its relevance to health effects. Our results signal the difficulties in predicting b-glucan activity in the gastrointestinal tract purely from analysis of the fibre-rich product.
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| 16. |
- Ulmius, Matilda, et al.
(författare)
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Gastrointestinal Release of beta-Glucan and Pectin Using an In Vitro Method
- 2011
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Ingår i: Cereal Chemistry. - 0009-0352. ; 88:4, s. 385-390
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The release of soluble dietary fiber is a prerequisite for viscous effects and hence beneficial health properties. A simple in vitro method was adapted to follow the release during gastrointestinal digestion, and the percentage of solubilized fiber was measured over time. beta-Glucan from oat bran was mainly released during gastric digestion while the release of pectin from sugar beet fiber continued in the small intestine. Unmilled fractions of sugar beet fiber released more soluble fiber than oat bran flakes, probably due to the porous structure of sugar beet fiber as a result of manufacturing processes, but also clue to differences in source. Milling to smaller fiber particles significantly improved releasability (from 20 to 55% released beta-glucan and from 50 to 70% released pectin, respectively, after digestion). When milled fibers were included in individual food matrices, the release was reduced by protein and starch matrices (5% beta-glucan and 35% pectin released, respectively) and slowed by fat (45% beta-glucan and 60% pectin released). This may result in a too low or too late release in the upper small intestine to be able to interfere with macronutrient uptake. The method may be suitable for predicting the gastrointestinal release of soluble dietary fibers from food matrices in the development of healthy food products.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Ulmius, Matilda
(författare)
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Konferens om hälsoeffekter av cerealier
- 2009
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Ingår i: Livsmedel i Fokus. - 1652-912X. ; :7
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Cerealier och andra fiberrika råvaror är näringsrika och innehåller, förutom kostfiber, olika bioaktiva substanser och mineralämnen. Dessa är nyckelingredienser för formulering av en rad nya livsmedel med hälsopotential.
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| 20. |
- Ulmius, Matilda
(författare)
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Nya metoder ger mer information om kostfibers egenskaper och hälsoeffekter
- 2011
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Ingår i: Livsmedel i Fokus. - 1652-912X. ; :6
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Med nya metoder som fältflödesfraktionering kan effekter av tillverkning och tillagning på lösliga kostfibers egenskaper följas. Genom att mäta genuttryck i blodkroppar efter en måltid kan man också få kunskap om fibrernas påverkan på ämnesomsättningen i kliniska studier.
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| 21. |
- Ulmius, Matilda, et al.
(författare)
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Solution behavior of barley beta-glucan as studied with asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation
- 2012
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Ingår i: Food Hydrocolloids. - : Elsevier BV. - 0268-005X. ; 26:1, s. 175-180
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Abstract in UndeterminedPhysicochemical properties of cereal beta-glucans, associated with beneficial health effects, are related to their solution behavior and possibly to their propensity to form aggregates. Such properties are often analyzed with methods that may influence the aggregates per se. In this paper, the effect of processing on solution behavior of pure barley b-glucan was studied using asymmetrical flow field-flow fractionation (AsFlFFF), a method which is capable of analyzing the present aggregates. Molar mass distributions were determined by in-line multi-angle light scattering and refractive index detectors. Unprocessed samples had a main fraction of aggregates with a weight-average molar mass of 2.8 * 10^6 g/mol. Microwave heating to 100C reduced the largest aggregates, while heating to 121C prominently decreased the molar mass. Frozen storage for 1 week did not influence the aggregation, but repeated freezeethaw cycles changed the structure of aggregates in a way that suggests cryogelation. The influence of processing conditions on solution behavior might explain why differently processed food products containing b-glucan have given different health effects. Experiments with the aim to eliminate aggregates demonstrated that filtration (0.45 mm) prior to analysis resulted in disruption of the largest aggregates, indicating that these aggregates will not be detected when filtration is used. Dissolution in NaOH solution, one of few solvents reported to eliminate aggregates, resulted in retained molar mass. UsingAsFlFFF to study the solution behavior of b-glucans is a gentle method to analyze subtle changes of physicochemical properties.
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| 22. |
- Ulmius, Matilda, et al.
(författare)
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The influence of dietary fibre source and gender on the postprandial glucose and lipid response in healthy subjects.
- 2009
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Ingår i: European Journal of Nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1436-6215 .- 1436-6207. ; 48, s. 395-402
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Consumption of soluble dietary fibre is correlated with decreased postprandial glucose and insulin responses and hence has beneficial effects on the metabolic syndrome. AIM OF THE STUDY: To investigate the effects on postprandial glucose, insulin and triglyceride concentrations of meals enriched with soluble dietary fibres from oats, rye bran, sugar beet fibre or a mixture of these three fibres. METHODS: Thirteen healthy human volunteers (6 men and 7 women, aged 20-28 years) were included in the study. The subjects came to the study centre once a week after an overnight fast to ingest test meals and a control meal in random order. The meals contained either oat powder (62 g, of which 2.7 soluble fibre), rye bran (31 g, of which 1.7 g soluble fibre), sugar beet fibre (19 g, of which 5 g soluble fibre), a mixture of these three fibres (74 g, of which 1.7 g soluble fibre from each source, giving 5 g soluble fibre) or no added fibre (control) and were all adjusted to contain the same total amount of available carbohydrates. Blood samples were drawn before and every 30 min up to 180 min after the meals. RESULTS: Meals with rye bran gave a lower postprandial glucose peak when compared with the control meal, and this effect was more pronounced in women compared to men. Oat powder, containing a low amount of total fibre and a high amount of carbohydrates in liquid matrix, gave a higher incremental glucose peak concentration compared to rye bran and sugar beet fibre and higher insulin incremental area under curve compared to control. The oat powder also influenced the effects of the mixed meal, diminishing the glucose-lowering effects. Postprandial triglyceride levels tended to be higher after all fibre-rich meals, but only significant for oat powder and the mixed meal when compared with the control meal. CONCLUSIONS: Postprandial glucose, insulin and triglyceride concentrations are influenced by dietary fibre-rich meals, depending on fibre source, dose of soluble and total fibre and possibly gender.
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| 23. |
- Önning, Gunilla, et al.
(författare)
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Nutrigenomik: Metoder för att undersöka hur gener påverkar kostens hälsoeffekter
- 2008
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Ingår i: Nordisk Nutrition. - 1654-8337. ; :3, s. 26-28
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Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Hälsoeffekter av näringsämnen har traditionellt undersökts genom att analysera en eller ett fåtal fysiologiska markörer, exempelvis blodkolesterolnivå. Med nutrigenomik blir det möjligt att ta ett större grepp om hur kosten påverkar vår hälsa och även koppla det till individens genuppsättning.
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