| 1. |
- Bosch, Jan, 1967, et al.
(författare)
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Pivots and Architectural Decisions: Two Sides of the Same Medal?
- 2013
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Ingår i: Eighth International Conference on Software Engineering Advances, ICSEA 2013. October 27, 2013 to October 31, Venice, Italy. - 9781612083049 ; , s. 310-317
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Software architecture research has gained maturity over the last decades. It focuses on architectural knowledge, documentation, the role of the architect and rationale for the architecture decisions made. It is widely recognized that considering architecture decisions as first class entities helps in designing and maintaining architectures. In the entrepreneurial and new product development space, the lean startup movement is gaining momentum as one of the most notable ways to develop products. During new product development in highly uncertain environments, speed is the most important factor. Speed to get on the market, speed to learn from your customers, but also speed to tackle technological risks. Because the runway for new product development is short, it is important to experiment and make decisions quickly. The pivot plays a crucial role as a business decision for new product development. Both pivots and architectural design decisions can be seen as highly influential aspects for a product. In our research, we investigate what the fields of architecture research and lean startup could learn from each other. We focus our research on the two most important aspects of these movements: the architecture decision and the pivot, and show that they can be seen as two sides of the same medal representing the technical and the business side of the product.
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| 2. |
- Arrhenius, Karine, et al.
(författare)
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Suitability of vessels and adsorbents for the short-term storage of biogas/biomethane for the determination of impurities – Siloxanes, sulfur compounds, halogenated hydrocarbons, BTEX
- 2017
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Ingår i: Biomass and Bioenergy. - : Elsevier BV. - 0961-9534 .- 1873-2909. ; 105, s. 127-135
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Biogas is a renewable energy source with many different production pathways and various excellent opportunities to use, for example as vehicle fuel (biomethane). Reliable analytical methodologies for assessing the quality of the gas are critical to ensure that the gas can technically and safely be used. An essential part of any procedure aiming to determine the quality is the sampling and the transfer to the laboratory. One of the greatest challenges is then to ensure that the composition of the sample collected does not change between the time of sampling and the analysis. The choice of the sampling vessel to be used must be made only after fully assessing its short-term stability. In this paper, the results from short-term stability studies in different vessels (cylinders, bags and sorbents) are presented for siloxanes, BTEX, halogenated hydrocarbons and sulfur compounds. Storage of dry gas at high pressure (> 6 MPa) appears to be a good alternative however it is currently challenging to find an optimal treatment of the cylinders for all species to be assessed in biogas/biomethane. At lower pressure, adsorption effects on the inner surface of the cylinders have been observed. The use of bags and sorbent tubes also shows limitation. No existing sorbent tubes are sufficiently universal as to trap all possible impurities and high boiling compounds may adsorbed on the inner surface of the bags walls. Moreover, the presence of water when storing biogas most certainly impacts the storage stability of compounds in most vessels. Using at least two sampling methods for a given compound and comparing results will allow taking into account the eventual effects of water vapour, and adsorption on the inner surface of the vessels.
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| 3. |
- De Groot, Natasja M.S., et al.
(författare)
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Critical appraisal of technologies to assess electrical activity during atrial fibrillation : a position paper from the European Heart Rhythm Association and European Society of Cardiology Working Group on eCardiology in collaboration with the Heart Rhythm Society, Asia Pacific Heart Rhythm Society, Latin American Heart Rhythm Society and Computing in Cardiology
- 2022
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Ingår i: Europace. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1099-5129. ; 24:2, s. 313-330
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- We aim to provide a critical appraisal of basic concepts underlying signal recording and processing technologies applied for (i) atrial fibrillation (AF) mapping to unravel AF mechanisms and/or identifying target sites for AF therapy and (ii) AF detection, to optimize usage of technologies, stimulate research aimed at closing knowledge gaps, and developing ideal AF recording and processing technologies. Recording and processing techniques for assessment of electrical activity during AF essential for diagnosis and guiding ablative therapy including body surface electrocardiograms (ECG) and endo- or epicardial electrograms (EGM) are evaluated. Discussion of (i) differences in uni-, bi-, and multi-polar (omnipolar/Laplacian) recording modes, (ii) impact of recording technologies on EGM morphology, (iii) global or local mapping using various types of EGM involving signal processing techniques including isochronal-, voltage- fractionation-, dipole density-, and rotor mapping, enabling derivation of parameters like atrial rate, entropy, conduction velocity/direction, (iv) value of epicardial and optical mapping, (v) AF detection by cardiac implantable electronic devices containing various detection algorithms applicable to stored EGMs, (vi) contribution of machine learning (ML) to further improvement of signals processing technologies. Recording and processing of EGM (or ECG) are the cornerstones of (body surface) mapping of AF. Currently available AF recording and processing technologies are mainly restricted to specific applications or have technological limitations. Improvements in AF mapping by obtaining highest fidelity source signals (e.g. catheter-electrode combinations) for signal processing (e.g. filtering, digitization, and noise elimination) is of utmost importance. Novel acquisition instruments (multi-polar catheters combined with improved physical modelling and ML techniques) will enable enhanced and automated interpretation of EGM recordings in the near future.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Guido, Rodrigo Capobianco, et al.
(författare)
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IEEE Signal Processing Society : Celebrating 75 Years of Remarkable Achievements [From the Guest Editors]
- 2023
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Ingår i: IEEE signal processing magazine (Print). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 1053-5888 .- 1558-0792. ; 40:4, s. 3-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- It is our great pleasure to introduce the first part of this special issue to you! The IEEE Signal Processing Society (SPS) has completed 75 years of remarkable service to the signal processing community. When the Society was founded in 1948, we couldn't imagine, for instance, how wireless networks of smartphones would be able to connect us easily at all times, or that an image processing algorithm would be able to detect cancer in a few seconds. Those are just simple examples of the immense technological progress over the past 75 years, which became possible thanks in great part to the dedicated work of professional members of the SPS.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Harmon, Matthew B.A., et al.
(författare)
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Practice of mechanical ventilation in cardiac arrest patients and effects of targeted temperature management : A substudy of the targeted temperature management trial
- 2018
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Ingår i: Resuscitation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0300-9572. ; 129, s. 29-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aims: Mechanical ventilation practices in patients with cardiac arrest are not well described. Also, the effect of temperature on mechanical ventilation settings is not known. The aims of this study were 1) to describe practice of mechanical ventilation and its relation with outcome 2) to determine effects of different target temperatures strategies (33 °C versus 36 °C) on mechanical ventilation settings. Methods: This is a substudy of the TTM-trial in which unconscious survivors of a cardiac arrest due to a cardiac cause were randomized to two TTM strategies, 33 °C (TTM33) and 36 °C (TTM36). Mechanical ventilation data were obtained at three time points: 1) before TTM; 2) at the end of TTM (before rewarming) and 3) after rewarming. Logistic regression was used to determine an association between mechanical ventilation variables and outcome. Repeated-measures mixed modelling was performed to determine the effect of TTM on ventilation settings. Results: Mechanical ventilation data was available for 567 of the 950 TTM patients. Of these, 81% was male with a mean (SD) age of 64 (12) years. At the end of TTM median tidal volume was 7.7 ml/kg predicted body weight (PBW)(6.4–8.7) and 60% of patients were ventilated with a tidal volume ≤ 8 ml/kg PBW. Median PEEP was 7.7cmH2O (6.4–8.7) and mean driving pressure was 14.6 cmH2O (±4.3). The median FiO2 fraction was 0.35 (0.30–0.45). Multivariate analysis showed an independent relationship between increased respiratory rate and 28-day mortality. TTM33 resulted in lower end-tidal CO2 (Pgroup = 0.0003) and higher alveolar dead space fraction (Pgroup = 0.003) compared to TTM36, while PCO2 levels and respiratory minute volume were similar between groups. Conclusions: In the majority of the cardiac arrest patients, protective ventilation settings are applied, including low tidal volumes and driving pressures. High respiratory rate was associated with mortality. TTM33 results in lower end-tidal CO2 levels and a higher alveolar dead space fraction compared to TTTM36.
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| 9. |
- Knief, Ulrich, et al.
(författare)
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Highly pathogenic avian influenza causes mass mortality in Sandwich Tern Thalasseus sandvicensis breeding colonies across north-western Europe
- 2024
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Ingår i: Bird conservation international. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0959-2709 .- 1474-0001. ; 34
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In 2022, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) virus clade 2.3.4.4b became enzootic and caused mass mortality in Sandwich TernThalasseus sandvicensis and other seabird species across north-western Europe. We present data on the characteristics of the spread of the virus between and within breeding colonies and the number of dead adult Sandwich Terns recorded at breeding sites throughout north-western Europe. Within two months of the first reported mortalities, 20,531 adult Sandwich Terns were found dead, which is >17% of the total north-western European breeding population. This is probably an under-representation of total mortality, as many carcasses are likely to have gone unnoticed and unreported. Within affected colonies, almost all chicks died. After the peak of the outbreak, in a colony established by late breeders, 25.7% of tested adults showed immunity to HPAI subtype H5. Removal of carcasses was associated with lower levels of mortality at affected colonies. More research on the sources and modes of transmission, incubation times, effective containment, and immunity is urgently needed to combat this major threat for colonial seabirds.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Munster, Vincent J, et al.
(författare)
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Towards improved influenza A virus surveillance in migrating birds.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Vaccine. - : Elsevier BV. - 0264-410X .- 1873-2518. ; 24:44-46, s. 6729-33
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The last decade has seen a marked increase in highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) outbreaks around the world. This increase and the zoonotic potential of some of the HPAI viruses are of great concern to animal and public health as well as biodiversity. It is now well recognized that global influenza virus surveillance in wild birds can play a key role in the early recognition of and preparation for these threats. Here we summarize the most important results from our wild bird surveillance studies in Northern Europe over the last 8 years and conclude that surveillance studies in wild birds are indeed useful to generate prototypic vaccine candidates and to design and evaluate diagnostic tests, prior to the occurrence of outbreaks in animals and humans. Through this 8-year experience we also identified gaps in our knowledge on influenza A viruses and their natural hosts which may help to assist in the design of improved surveillance studies. This is particularly relevant if wild bird surveillance studies are used as an "early warning system" for the arrival of the H5N1 HPAI virus in a country or region and to assess the risk posed by these viruses in general.
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| 12. |
- Raffetseder, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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MAIT Cells Balance the Requirements for Immune Tolerance and Anti-Microbial Defense During Pregnancy
- 2021
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Ingår i: Frontiers in Immunology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-3224. ; 12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are an innate-like T cell subset with proinflammatory and cytotoxic effector functions. During pregnancy, modulation of the maternal immune system, both at the fetal-maternal interface and systemically, is crucial for a successful outcome and manifests through controlled enhancement of innate and dampening of adaptive responses. Still, immune defenses need to efficiently protect both the mother and the fetus from infection. So far, it is unknown whether MAIT cells are subjected to immunomodulation during pregnancy, and characterization of decidual MAIT cells as well as their functional responses during pregnancy are mainly lacking. We here characterized the presence and phenotype of V alpha 7.2(+)CD161(+) MAIT cells in blood and decidua (the uterine endometrium during pregnancy) from women pregnant in the 1(st) trimester, i.e., the time point when local immune tolerance develops. We also assessed the phenotype and functional responses of MAIT cells in blood of women pregnant in the 3(rd) trimester, i.e., when systemic immunomodulation is most pronounced. Multi-color flow cytometry panels included markers for MAIT subsets, and markers of activation (CD69, HLA-DR, Granzyme B) and immunoregulation (PD-1, CTLA-4). MAIT cells were numerically decreased at the fetal-maternal interface and showed, similar to other T cells in the decidua, increased expression of immune checkpoint markers compared with MAIT cells in blood. During the 3(rd) trimester, circulating MAIT cells showed a higher expression of CD69 and CD56, and their functional responses to inflammatory (activating anti-CD3/CD28 antibodies, and IL-12 and IL-18) and microbial stimuli (Escherichia coli, group B streptococci and influenza A virus) were generally increased compared with MAIT cells from non-pregnant women, indicating enhanced antimicrobial defenses during pregnancy. Taken together, our findings indicate dual roles for MAIT cells during pregnancy, with an evidently well-adapted ability to balance the requirements of immune tolerance in parallel with maintained antimicrobial defenses. Since MAIT cells are easily activated, they need to be strictly regulated during pregnancy, and failure to do so could contribute to pregnancy complications.
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| 13. |
- Shu, Xiang, et al.
(författare)
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Associations of obesity and circulating insulin and glucose with breast cancer risk : a Mendelian randomization analysis
- 2019
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Ingår i: International Journal of Epidemiology. - : OXFORD UNIV PRESS. - 0300-5771 .- 1464-3685. ; 48:3, s. 795-806
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In addition to the established association between general obesity and breast cancer risk, central obesity and circulating fasting insulin and glucose have been linked to the development of this common malignancy. Findings from previous studies, however, have been inconsistent, and the nature of the associations is unclear. Methods: We conducted Mendelian randomization analyses to evaluate the association of breast cancer risk, using genetic instruments, with fasting insulin, fasting glucose, 2-h glucose, body mass index (BMI) and BMI-adjusted waist-hip-ratio (WHRadj BMI). We first confirmed the association of these instruments with type 2 diabetes risk in a large diabetes genome-wide association study consortium. We then investigated their associations with breast cancer risk using individual-level data obtained from 98 842 cases and 83 464 controls of European descent in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Results: All sets of instruments were associated with risk of type 2 diabetes. Associations with breast cancer risk were found for genetically predicted fasting insulin [odds ratio (OR) = 1.71 per standard deviation (SD) increase, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.26-2.31, p = 5.09 x 10(-4)], 2-h glucose (OR = 1.80 per SD increase, 95% CI = 1.3 0-2.49, p = 4.02 x 10(-4)), BMI (OR = 0.70 per 5-unit increase, 95% CI = 0.65-0.76, p = 5.05 x 10(-19)) and WHRadj BMI (OR = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.79-0.91, p = 9.22 x 10(-6)). Stratified analyses showed that genetically predicted fasting insulin was more closely related to risk of estrogen-receptor [ER]-positive cancer, whereas the associations with instruments of 2h glucose, BMI and WHRadj BMI were consistent regardless of age, menopausal status, estrogen receptor status and family history of breast cancer. Conclusions: We confirmed the previously reported inverse association of genetically predicted BMI with breast cancer risk, and showed a positive association of genetically predicted fasting insulin and 2-h glucose and an inverse association of WHRadj BMI with breast cancer risk. Our study suggests that genetically determined obesity and glucose/insulin-related traits have an important role in the aetiology of breast cancer.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- van der Veen, Sterre, et al.
(författare)
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The natural history of progressive myoclonus Ataxia
- 2024
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Ingår i: Neurobiology of Disease. - 0969-9961. ; 199
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Progressive myoclonus ataxia (PMA) is a rare clinical syndrome characterized by the presence of progressive myoclonus and ataxia, and can be accompanied by mild cognitive impairment and infrequent epileptic seizures. This is the first study to describe the natural history of PMA and identify clinical, electrophysiological, and genetic features explaining the variability in disease progression. A Dutch cohort of consecutive patients meeting the criteria of the refined definition of PMA was included. The current phenotype was assessed during in-person consultation by movement disorders experts, and retrospective data was collected to describe disease presentation and progression, including brain imaging and therapy efficacy. Extensive genetic and electrophysiological tests were performed. The presence of cortical hyperexcitability was determined, by either the identification of a cortical correlate of myoclonic jerks with simultaneous electromyography-electroencephalography or a giant somatosensory evoked potential. We included 34 patients with PMA with a median disease duration of 15 years and a clear progressive course in most patients (76%). A molecular etiology was identified in 82% patients: ATM, CAMTA1, DHDDS, EBF3, GOSR2, ITPR1, KCNC3, NUS1, POLR1A, PRKCG, SEMA6B, SPTBN2, TPP1, ZMYND11, and a 12p13.32 deletion. The natural history is a rather homogenous onset of ataxia in the first two years of life followed by myoclonus in the first 5 years of life. Main accompanying neurological dysfunctions included cognitive impairment (62%), epilepsy (38%), autism spectrum disorder (27%), and behavioral problems (18%). Disease progression showed large variability ranging from an epilepsy free PMA phenotype (62%) to evolution towards a progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME) phenotype (18%): the existence of a PMA-PME spectrum. Cortical hyperexcitability could be tested in 17 patients, and was present in 11 patients and supported cortical myoclonus. Interestingly, post-hoc analysis showed that an absence of cortical hyperexcitability, suggesting non-cortical myoclonus, was associated with the PMA-end of the spectrum with no epilepsy and milder myoclonus, independent of disease duration. An association between the underlying genetic defects and progression on the PMA-PME spectrum was observed. By describing the natural history of the largest cohort of published patients with PMA so far, we see a homogeneous onset with variable disease progression, in which phenotypic evolution to PME occurs in the minority. Genetic and electrophysiological features may be of prognostic value, especially the determination of cortical hyperexcitability. Furthermore, the identification of cortical and non-cortical myoclonus in PMA helps us gain insight in the underlying pathophysiology of myoclonus.
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| 16. |
- Veen, Alle Jan Van Der, et al.
(författare)
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Minimal continuous state-space parametrizations
- 2015
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Ingår i: European Signal Processing Conference. - 2219-5491.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a minimal continuous parametrization of all multivariate rational contractive transfer functions.In contrast to traditional minimal parametrizations, this parametrization does not contain any structural indices, which makes it very suitable for identification algorithms that use nonlinear optimization to estimate the parameters.
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| 17. |
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