| 1. |
- Krishnan, Nellai, et al.
(författare)
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Utility of thiol/disulphide homeostasis as a biomarker for acute appendicitis : a systematic review and meta-analysis
- 2024
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Ingår i: Pediatric surgery international (Print). - : Springer. - 0179-0358 .- 1437-9813. ; 40:1
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of this study was to analyze the role of thiol/disulfide homeostasis (TDH) parameters as an indicator of oxidative stress in acute appendicitis (AA). PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were systematically searched. Studies reporting on TDH in AA (both complicated and uncomplicated cases) were included. The comparator group were healthy controls. The TDH domain was compared between the groups using anti-oxidant parameters, namely native thiol and total thiol levels, and native thiol/total thiol ratio; and oxidant parameters, namely disulfide level, disulfide/native thiol ratio, and disulfide/total thiol ratio. The statistical analysis was performed using a random-effects model. The methodological quality of the studies was assessed utilizing the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Eleven studies with a total of 926 subjects, comprising 457 patients with uncomplicated appendicitis, 147 with complicated appendicitis, and 322 healthy controls were included. Our study demonstrated significantly increased oxidative stress in AA as compared to healthy controls in all TDH parameters and significantly lower total thiol levels in complicated AA as compared to uncomplicated AA. Due to a poor methodological quality in five out of eleven studies, future prospective studies with adequate power are essential to validate these observations and refine the diagnostic approaches to AA.
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| 2. |
- Cevrero, Alessandro, et al.
(författare)
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Field Programmable Compressor Trees : Acceleration of Multi-Input Addition on FPGAs
- 2009
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Ingår i: ACM Trans. Reconfigurable Technol. Syst.. - : Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). - 1936-7406. ; 2:2, s. 1-36
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Multi-input addition occurs in a variety of arithmetically intensive signal processing applications. The DSP blocks embedded in high-performance FPGAs perform fixed bitwidth parallel multiplication and Multiply-ACcumulate (MAC) operations. In theory, the compressor trees contained within the multipliers could implement multi-input addition; however, they are not exposed to the programmer. To improve FPGA performance for these applications, this article introduces the Field Programmable Compressor Tree (FPCT) as an alternative to the DSP blocks. By providing just a compressor tree, the FPCT can perform multi-input addition along with parallel multiplication and MAC in conjunction with a small amount of FPGA general logic. Furthermore, the user can configure the FPCT to precisely match the bitwidths of the operands being summed. Although an FPCT cannot beat the performance of a well-designed ASIC compressor tree of fixed bitwidth, for example, 9×9 and 18×18-bit multipliers/MACs in DSP blocks, its configurable bitwidth and ability to perform multi-input addition is ideal for reconfigurable devices that are used across a variety of applications.
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| 3. |
- Krishnan, Nellai, et al.
(författare)
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Role of Magnetic Compression Anastomosis in Long-Gap Esophageal Atresia : A Systematic Review
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Laparoendoscopic and Advanced Surgical Techniques. - : Mary Ann Liebert. - 1092-6429 .- 1557-9034. ; 33:12, s. 1223-1230
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Magnetic compression anastomosis (MCA) is an alternative technique for patients with long-gap esophageal atresia (EA). It allows for preservation of the native esophagus. We aimed to systematically summarize the current literature on MCA in EA.Methods: Studies where neonates with EA were treated with MCA devices were included, while studies on esophageal stenosis were excluded. All clinical studies, including comparative studies, case series, and case reports, were eligible for inclusion. Methodological quality assessment was performed using a validated tool.Results: Twelve studies with a total of 42 patients were included in this review. There was a wide variation among these studies with regard to the time of initiation of MCA (1 day to 7 months), procedure time (13–320 minutes), and magnet characteristics (strength, size, and shape of the magnets used). The time to achieve anastomosis ranged from 1 to 12 days. Stricture at the anastomotic site was reported in almost all the patients, which required multiple endoscopic dilatations (median no. of dilatations/patient = 9.8). Stent placement for refractory stricture was required in 9 (21%) patients, and surgery for stricture was required in 6 (14%) patients. Long-term outcomes included esophageal dysmotility (n = 3) and recurrent pulmonary infections (n = 3) were reported in only four studies.Conclusion: As per the findings of this review, neonates with long-gap EA undergoing MCA would invariably require multiple sittings of endoscopic dilatations (median no. of dilatations/patient = 9.8). Also, there is a wide variation among the included studies in terms of the procedure of MCA. Future studies with a standardized procedure for achieving MCA are needed to determine additional outcomes in this fragile patient population.
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| 4. |
- Rai, Nilesh, et al.
(författare)
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Fungal Endophytes : an Accessible Source of Bioactive Compounds with Potential Anticancer Activity
- 2022
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Ingår i: Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology. - : Springer. - 0273-2289 .- 1559-0291. ; 194, s. 3296-3319
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Forskningsöversikt (refereegranskat)abstract
- Endophytes either be bacteria, fungi, or actinomycetes colonize inside the tissue of host plants without showing any immediate negative effects on them. Among numerous natural alternative sources, fungal endophytes produce a wide range of structurally diverse bioactive metabolites including anticancer compounds. Considering the production of bioactive compounds in low quantity, genetic and physicochemical modification of the fungal endophytes is performed for the enhanced production of bioactive compounds. Presently, for the treatment of cancer, chemotherapy is majorly used, but the side effects of chemotherapy are of prime concern in clinical practices. Also, the drug-resistant properties of carcinoma cells, lack of cancer cells-specific medicine, and the side effects of drugs are the biggest obstacles in cancer treatment. The interminable requirement of potential drugs has encouraged researchers to seek alternatives to find novel bioactive compounds, and fungal endophytes seem to be a probable target for the discovery of anticancer drugs. The present review focuses a comprehensive literature on the major fungal endophyte-derived bioactive compounds which are presently been used for the management of cancer, biotic factors influencing the production of bioactive compounds and about the challenges in the field of fungal endophyte research.
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| 5. |
- Verma, Vijay, et al.
(författare)
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Modulation of the enzymatic activities of replicative helicase (DnaB) by interaction with Hp0897 : a possible mechanism for helicase loading in Helicobacter pylori
- 2016
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Ingår i: Nucleic Acids Research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0305-1048 .- 1362-4962. ; 44:7, s. 3288-3303
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- DNA replication in Helicobacter pylori is initiated from a unique site (oriC) on its chromosome where several proteins assemble to form a functional replisome. The assembly of H. pylori replication machinery is similar to that of the model gram negative bacterium Escherichia coli except for the absence of DnaC needed to recruit the hexameric DnaB helicase at the replisome assembly site. In the absence of an obvious DnaC homologue in H. pylori, the question arises as to whether HpDnaB helicase is loaded at the Hp-replication origin by itself or is assisted by other unidentified protein(s). A high-throughput yeast two-hybrid study has revealed two proteins of unknown functions (Hp0897 and Hp0340) that interact with HpDnaB. Here we demonstrate that Hp0897 interacts with HpDnaB helicase in vitro as well as in vivo. Furthermore, the interaction stimulates the DNA binding activity of HpDnaB and modulates its adenosine triphosphate hydrolysis and helicase activities significantly. Prior complex formation of Hp0897 and HpDnaB enhances the binding/loading of DnaB onto DNA. Hp0897, along with HpDnaB, colocalizes with replication complex at initiation but does not move with the replisome during elongation. Together, these results suggest a possible role of Hp0897 in loading of HpDnaB at oriC.
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