| 1. |
- Fritzell, Peter, et al.
(författare)
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Cost-effectiveness of lumbar fusion and nonsurgical treatment for chronic low back pain in the Swedish lumbar spine study : A multicenter, randomized, controlled trial from the Swedish Lumbar Spine Study Group
- 2004
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Ingår i: Spine. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0362-2436 .- 1528-1159. ; 29:4, s. 421-434
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Study Design. A cost-effectiveness study was performed from the societal and health care perspectives. Objective. To evaluate the costs-effectiveness of lumbar fusion for chronic low back pain (CLBP) during a 2-year follow-up. Summary of Background Data. A full economic evaluation comparing costs related to treatment effects in patients with CLBP is lacking. Patients and Methods. A total of 284 of 294 patients with CLBP for at least 2 years were randomized to either lumbar fusion or a nonsurgical control group. Costs for the health care sector ( direct costs), and costs associated with production losses ( indirect costs) were calculated. Societal total costs were identified as the sum of direct and indirect costs. Treatment effects were measured using patient global assessment of improvement, back pain ( VAS), functional disability (Owestry), and return to work. Results. The societal total cost per patient ( standard deviations) in the surgical group was significantly higher than in the nonsurgical group: Swedish kroner (SEK) 704,000 ( 254,000) vs. SEK 636,000 ( 208,000). The cost per patient for the health care sector was significantly higher for the surgical group, SEK 123,000 ( 60,100) vs. 65,200 ( 38,400) for the control group. All treatment effects were significantly better after surgery. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio ( ICER), illustrating the extra cost per extra effect unit gained by using fusion instead of nonsurgical treatment, were for improvement: SEK 2,600 ( 600 - 5,900), for back pain: SEK 5,200 ( 1,100 - 11,500), for Oswestry: SEK 11,300 ( 1,200 - 48,000), and for return to work: SEK 4,100 ( 100 21,400). Conclusion. For both the society and the health care sectors, the 2-year costs for lumbar fusion was significantly higher compared with nonsurgical treatment but all treatment effects were significantly in favor of surgery. The probability of lumbar fusion being cost-effective increased with the value put on extra effect units gained by using surgery.
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| 2. |
- Guerova, G., et al.
(författare)
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National Status Reports
- 2020
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Ingår i: Advanced GNSS Tropospheric Products for Monitoring Severe Weather Events and Climate. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783030139001 ; , s. 403-481
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Bokkapitel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- In this section a summary of the national progress reports is given. GNSS4SWEC Management Committee (MC) members provided outline of the work conducted in their countries combining input from different partners involved. In the COST Action paticipated member from 32 COST countries, 1 Near Neighbour Country and 8 Intrantional Partners from Australia, Canada, Hong Kong and USA. The text reflects the state as of 1 January 2018.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Chen, Yen Hsi, et al.
(författare)
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The GAGOme : a cell-based library of displayed glycosaminoglycans
- 2018
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Ingår i: Nature Methods. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1548-7091 .- 1548-7105. ; 15:11, s. 881-888
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are essential polysaccharides in normal physiology and disease. However, understanding of the contribution of specific GAG structures to specific biological functions is limited, largely because of the great structural heterogeneity among GAGs themselves, as well as technical limitations in the structural characterization and chemical synthesis of GAGs. Here we describe a cell-based method to produce and display distinct GAGs with a broad repertoire of modifications, a library we refer to as the GAGOme. By using precise gene editing, we engineered a large panel of Chinese hamster ovary cells with knockout or knock-in of the genes encoding most of the enzymes involved in GAG biosynthesis, to generate a library of isogenic cell lines that differentially display distinct GAG features. We show that this library can be used for cell-based binding assays, recombinant expression of proteoglycans with distinct GAG structures, and production of distinct GAG chains on metabolic primers that may be used for the assembly of GAG glycan microarrays.
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| 5. |
- Johansson, J, et al.
(författare)
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Adenocarcinoma in the distal esophagus with and without Barrett esophagus. Differences in symptoms and survival rates
- 1996
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Ingår i: Archives of Surgery. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0004-0010. ; 131:7, s. 13-708
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- OBJECTIVE: To evaluate differences in clinical appearance and survival rates in patients operated on for adenocarcinoma in the distal esophagus with and without Barrett epithelium.DESIGN: Prospective clinical study.SETTING: University hospital, Sweden.PATIENTS: Fifty-four patients with adenocarcinoma in the distal esophagus with (n = 17) or without (n = 37) Barrett epithelium.INTERVENTION: Esophagectomy or total gastrectomy.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Preoperative symptoms, endoscopic results, and histological findings; postoperative morbidity, mortality, and survival rates.RESULTS: The main indication for the endoscopic examination that revealed tumor in the group with Barrett esophagus was reflex-related symptoms in 6 patients (routine Barrett examination, n = 4; symptoms of reflux, n = 2), symptoms related to upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding in 6, and malignant symptoms in 5 (dysphagia, n = 4; weight loss, n = 1). In contrast, most patients in the cardia cancer group were admitted because of malignant symptoms (dysphagia, n = 26; epigastric pain, n = 9; and anemia, n = 2). Ten of 17 patients in the Barrett esophagus cancer group had tumors limited to the mucosa and submucosa only. In 1 patient the tumor grew into the muscular layer but not through it. In the remaining 6 patients the tumor did grow through the muscular layer and lymph node metastases were found. Wall penetration was found in 30 patients and metastases to lymph nodes in 29 patients in the cardia cancer group. The hospital mortality rate was 0 of 17 patients in the Barrett cancer group and 2 of 37 patients in the cardia cancer group. In the patients operated on for adenocarcinoma in the distal esophagus, a better long-term survival rate was seen in those with Barrett epithelium (50%) than in those without this metaplasia (10%) (log rank P = .005; X2 = 7.80).CONCLUSIONS: Concomitant Barrett epithelium improved the prognosis for patients with adenocarcinoma in the distal esophagus. Probably the reason for this was a higher rate of early-stage disease, because symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux and other benign disorders, not dysphagia, were most common in patients with adenocarcinoma without Barrett epithelium in the distal esophagus.
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| 6. |
- Klementieva, O., et al.
(författare)
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Pre-plaque conformational changes in Alzheimer's disease-linked Aβ and APP
- 2017
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Ingår i: Nature Communications. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2041-1723. ; 8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Reducing levels of the aggregation-prone Aβ peptide that accumulates in the brain with Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been a major target of experimental therapies. An alternative approach may be to stabilize the physiological conformation of Aβ. To date, the physiological state of Aβ in brain remains unclear, since the available methods used to process brain tissue for determination of Aβ aggregate conformation can in themselves alter the structure and/or composition of the aggregates. Here, using synchrotron-based Fourier transform infrared micro-spectroscopy, non-denaturing gel electrophoresis and conformational specific antibodies we show that the physiological conformations of Aβ and amyloid precursor protein (APP) in brain of transgenic mouse models of AD are altered before formation of amyloid plaques. Furthermore, focal Aβ aggregates in brain that precede amyloid plaque formation localize to synaptic terminals. These changes in the states of Aβ and APP that occur prior to plaque formation may provide novel targets for AD therapy.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Mertens, F, et al.
(författare)
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Cytogenetic findings in 33 osteosarcomas
- 1993
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Ingår i: International Journal of Cancer. - : Wiley. - 0020-7136 .- 1097-0215. ; 55:1, s. 44-50
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Thirty-three osteosarcomas (OS) were analyzed cytogenetically. Clonal chromosome changes were detected in 17 cases. Six tumors had chromosome numbers in the diploid range, 6 in the triploid range, 1 in the tetraploid range and 1 in the pentaploid range, while 3 tumors had multiple clones with different ploidy levels. Including the present 17 tumors, a total of 27 OS with clonal aberrations have been reported. The recognizable structural rearrangements in these 27 tumors clustered to chromosome arms 1p, 1q, 3p, 3q, 7q, 11p, 17p and 22q. Chromosome bands 1q11, 1q21, 1q42 and 7q11 were the most frequently rearranged, and the most common numerical rearrangements were -3, -10, -13 and -15. Supernumerary ring chromosomes, in 2 tumors as the sole change, were found in all 3 parosteal OS, which is in agreement with the findings in 1 previously reported parosteal OS. The association between ring formation and parosteal morphology represents the first cytogenetic-morphologic entity among OS.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- PASKA, ZF, et al.
(författare)
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HIGHLY DOPED P+ REGIONS BY ZINC DIFFUSION UTILIZING METALORGANIC VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY
- 1992
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Ingår i: Applied Physics Letters. - : AIP Publishing. - 0003-6951 .- 1077-3118. ; 60, s. 1594-1596
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Zinc-diffusion doping of GaAs using metalorganic vapor-phase epitaxy and DEZn as a dopant source is evaluated. The dependence of the diffusion profile on DEZn flow and diffusion time is presented. Typical zinc concentrations and depths obtained are 10(19)-10(21) cm-3 and 40-200 nm, respectively. The largest concentration gradient obtained in this manner was four orders of magnitude in 500 angstrom, and the highest zinc concentration was measured as 2 x 10(21) cm-3 at a sample surface. A heterojunction bipolar transistor fabricated using zinc-diffusion doping of the base and a regrown emitter showed an f(max) of 50 GHz.
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| 16. |
- Sturegård, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Severe gastritis in guinea-pigs infected with Helicobacter pylori
- 1998
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Microbiology. - 0022-2615. ; 47:12, s. 1123-1129
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An appropriate animal model is essential to study Helicobacter pylori infection. The aim of this study was to investigate if H. pylori can colonise the guinea-pig stomach and whether the infection causes gastritis and a serological response similar to that observed in man. Guinea-pigs were infected either with fresh H. pylori isolates from human gastric biopsies or with a guinea-pig passaged strain. When the animals were killed, 3 and 7 weeks after inoculation, samples were taken for culture, histopathology and serology. H. pylori was cultured from 22 of 29 challenged animals. All culture-positive animals exhibited a specific immune response against H. pylori antigens in Western blotting and gastritis in histopathological examination. Antibody titres in enzyme immunoassay were elevated among animals challenged with H. pylori. The inflammatory response was graded as severe in most animals and consisted of both polymorphonuclear leucocytes and lymphocytes. Erosion of the gastric epithelium was found in infected animals. These results suggest that the guinea-pig is suitable for studying H. pylori-associated diseases. Moreover, guinea-pigs are probably more similar to man than any other small laboratory animal as regards gastric anatomy and physiology.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Wang, X, et al.
(författare)
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Infection of BALB/c A mice by spiral and coccoid forms of Helicobacter pylori
- 1997
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Ingår i: Journal of Medical Microbiology. - 0022-2615. ; 46:8, s. 657-663
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Helicobacter pylori exists in two different morphological forms, spiral and coccoid. This study demonstrated that both forms can infect BALB/c A mice. The animals were inoculated orally three times at 2-day intervals with 10(8) cfu of both spiral and coccoid forms of strain CCUG 17874 (NCTC 11637), strain 25 and strain 553/93. Infection was followed over a 30-week period by histological scoring of the grade of inflammation in gastric biopsies. At each time point sera were collected for analysis in ELISA and immunoblot analysis. Both spiral and coccoid forms of all H. pylori strains gave significantly higher inflammation scores than a control group of animals 1 week after inoculation. The histological evidence persisted throughout the entire 30 weeks. The inflammation was most severe in the pylorus and duodenum. Infection with strain 553/93 displayed the most severe gastritis. The spiral form of strain CCUG 17874 gave an immune response after only 4 weeks, whereas its coccoid form as well as strains 25 and 553/93 (spiral and coccoid forms) gave a significant increase in antibody response in ELISA and immunoblot after 16 weeks. It is concluded that both spiral and coccoid forms of H. pylori can cause acute gastritis in BALB/c A mice.
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| 19. |
- Wessberg, Per, 1954, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of Cobb angles in idiopathic scoliosis on standing radiographs and supine axially loaded MRI
- 2006
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Ingår i: Spine. - 1528-1159. ; 31:26, s. 3039-44
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- STUDY DESIGN: Prospective, patient controlled. OBJECTIVE: To compare Cobb angles in idiopathic scoliosis between standing radiographs and a nonradiographic procedure. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Repeated radiographic examinations at young age may increase the risk for breast cancer in adulthood. MRI images the spine satisfactorily but is cumbersome in standing. A harness supplying axial load to a lying subject simulates the standing radiograph appearance of the lumbar spine. METHODS: Thirty patients with idiopathic scoliosis greater than 20 degrees performed a routine posteroanterior and lateral standing thoracolumbar spine radiograph and an MRI in supine position without and with axial loading. RESULTS: Mean Cobb angle for the major curve was 31 degrees on standing radiographs, 23 degrees on nonloaded supine MRI, and 31 degrees on supine loaded MRI. Axially loaded, compared with nonloaded, MRI increased the Cobb angle by 8 degrees. The mean difference between standing radiograph and supine axially loaded MRI was 0 degrees, with an intermethodologic variation(s) of 3.4 degrees. Radiographic and MRI (axially loaded) Cobb angles correlated positively (r = 0.78). CONCLUSIONS: Axial loading on supine MRI produces coronal Cobb angles similar to standing radiographs. This is a way to acquire reliable Cobb angles without radiation in the monitoring of idiopathic scoliosis.
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| 20. |
- Willén, Jan, 1942, et al.
(författare)
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Surgical results in hidden lumbar spinal stenosis detected by axial loaded computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging: an outcome study
- 2008
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Ingår i: Spine. - 1528-1159. ; 33:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- STUDY DESIGN: An outcome study of patients with neurogenic claudication and/or sciatica with hidden stenosis, detected only by axial loading of the lumbar spine (ACE) but not at the traditional unloaded examination (psoas relaxed position) during computed tomography (CT) myelography or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), followed up after surgery. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the clinical effect of decompression with or without fusion in patients with hidden stenosis in the lumbar spine. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: A number of patients with neurogenic claudicatio with or without sciatica do not have corresponding imaging abnormalities. Axial loaded CT and MRI have disclosed hidden stenosis in certain cases. The surgical effect in patients with hidden stenosis has never been described. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Axial loading of the lumbar spine during CT and MRI was performed in 250 patients with neurogenic claudication and sciatica. All fulfilled the inclusion criteria for ACE, i.e., suspected but not verified spinal stenosis in 1 to 3 levels. In 125 patients (50%), a significant narrowing of the spinal canal occurred. Out of these 125 patients, 101 had a clear stenosis besides the stenosis only detected at ACE. In 24 patients, a hidden stenosis was detected in 1 to 3 levels only at the ACE. These patients were observed for 1 to 6 years after decompression with or without fusion regarding subjective improvement of leg and back pains, walking capacity, satisfaction, and health related quality of life. RESULTS: At follow-up, 76% of the patients had leg pain less than 25/100 on a VAS scale and 62% had back pain less than 25/100. Ninety-six percent were improved or much improved regarding leg and back pains The ability to walk increased significantly after surgery. Walking capacity to more than 500 m increased from 4% to 87%. Twenty-two patients were subjectively satisfied with the surgical results. The ODI score, the SF-36 and the EQ-5D score corresponded well to the above mentioned improvements at follow-up. CONCLUSION: According to this study, the results of surgery in hidden lumbar stenosis only detected by axial compression in extension during CT or MRI, are convincing and comparable with the results of surgical treatment for stenoses diagnosed by unloaded examinations.
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