| 1. |
- Kadum, Bakir, 1976-, et al.
(författare)
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Geometrical analysis of stemless shoulder arthroplasty : a radiological study of seventy TESS total shoulder prostheses
- 2016
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Ingår i: International Orthopaedics. - : Springer. - 0341-2695 .- 1432-5195. ; 40:4, s. 751-758
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of a stemless shoulder prosthesis to restore shoulder anatomy in relation to premorbid anatomy. Methods This prospective study was performed between May 2007 and December 2013. The inclusion criteria were patients with primary osteoarthritis (OA) who had undergone stemless total anatomic shoulder arthroplasty. Radiographic measurements were done on anteroposterior X-ray views of the glenohumeral joint. Results Sixty-nine patients (70 shoulders) were included in the study. The mean difference between premorbid centre of rotation (COR) and post-operative COR was 1 ± 2 mm (range −3 to 5.8 mm). The mean difference between premorbid humeral head height (HH) and post-operative HH was −1 ± 3 mm (range −9.7 to 8.5 mm). The mean difference between premorbid neck-shaft angle (NSA) and post-operative NSA was −3 ± 12° (range −26 to 20°). Conclusions Stemless implants could be of help to reconstruct the shoulder anatomy. This study shows that there are some challenges to be addressed when attempting to ensure optimal implant positioning. The critical step is to determine the correct level of bone cut to avoid varus or valgus humeral head inclination and ensure correct head size.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Schmidt, Viktor, et al.
(författare)
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Association between radiographic and clinical outcomes following distal radial fractures : a prospective cohort study with 1-year follow-up in 366 patients
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American volume. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 0021-9355 .- 1535-1386. ; 105:15, s. 1156-1167
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Several studies of distal radial fractures have investigated final displacement and its association with clinical outcomes. There is still no consensus on the importance of radiographic outcomes, and published studies have not used the same criteria for acceptable alignment. Previous reports have involved the use of linear or dichotomized analyses.METHODS: The present study included 438 patients who were managed with either reduction and cast immobilization or surgery for the treatment of distal radial fractures. Radiographic outcomes were determined on the basis of radiographs that were made 3 months after the injury. Clinical outcome was determined on the basis of the QuickDASH (an abbreviated version of the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand [DASH] questionnaire) score, range of motion, and grip strength at 1 year after the injury. Nonlinear relations were analyzed with cubic splines.RESULTS: Three hundred and sixty-six patients (84%) had both radiographic and clinical follow-up. Seventy patients were lost to follow-up. The mean age was 57 years (range, 18 to 75 years), and 79% of the patients were female. Dorsal tilt was the radiographic parameter that was most strongly associated with the QuickDASH score, grip strength, and range of motion. We found nonlinear relations. Clinical outcomes were found to worsen with increasing dorsal tilt, with the cutoff value being approximately 5°.CONCLUSIONS: We found that clinical outcomes following distal radial fractures have a nonlinear relationship with dorsal tilt, with worse outcomes being associated with increasing dorsal tilt. The decline in clinical outcome starts at 5°, but there is unlikely to be a noticeable difference in capability as measured with the QuickDASH until 20° of dorsal tilt (based on the minimum clinically important difference) in a population up to 75 years old.LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Diagnostic Level II. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
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| 4. |
- Schmidt, Viktor, et al.
(författare)
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Forecasting effects of "fast-tracks" for surgery in the Swedish national guidelines for distal radius fractures
- 2022
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Ingår i: PLOS ONE. - : Public Library of Science. - 1932-6203. ; 17:2
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: National guidelines for treatment of distal radius fractures (DRFs) were presented in Sweden in 2021. In the guidelines, a fast-track is recommended for 4 subgroups of highly unstable DRFs. Regardless of the results of the closed reduction these are recommended for surgery within 1 week of injury. This study aims to evaluate the potential consequences of the newly presented national guidelines on incidence of surgical interventions.PATIENTS AND METHODS: In all, 1,609 patients (1,635 DRFs) with primary radiographs after a DRF between 2014 and 2017 at two Swedish hospitals were included in a retrospective cohort study. An estimation was made of the percentage of patients in the historical pre-guidelines cohort, that would have been recommended early primary surgery according to the new national guidelines compared to treatment implemented without the support of these guidelines.RESULTS: On a strict radiological basis, 32% (516 out of 1635) of DRFs were classified into one of the 4 defined subgroups. At 9-13 days follow-up, cast treatment was converted into delayed primary surgery in 201 cases. Out of these, 56% (112 out of 201) fulfilled the fast-track criteria and would with the new guidelines have been subject to early primary surgery.INTERPRETATION: The fast-track regimen in the new guidelines, has a high likelihood of identifying the unstable fractures benefitting from early primary surgery. If the proposed Swedish national guidelines for DRF treatment are implemented, a greater proportion of fractures would be treated with early primary surgery, and a delayed surgery avoided in the majority of cases. The potential benefits in relation to possible costs when using the fast-track criteria in every day practice are still unknown.
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| 5. |
- Schmidt, Viktor, 1993-
(författare)
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Fractures of the distal radius : radiological measurements and clinical outcome
- 2024
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The most common fracture is the distal radius fracture (DRF). Wrist function is of importance for the ability to perform activities of daily living, work-related tasks and leisure activities. Treatment generally focuses on restoring anatomical alignment and providing adequate rehabilitation.To improve our knowledge of DRFs, this thesis explores factors affecting clinical and radiological outcomes in the short- and long-term after a DRF.Paper I analysed the magnitude of radiographic malalignment leading to deterioration in clinical outcomes. Some 366 patients with prospective data were analysed 1 year after fracture. A nonlinear association between radiographic and clinical outcome was found for dorsal tilt. Larger malalignment resulted in increasingly worse outcomes, starting from about 5 degrees of dorsal tilt and progressing with increasing malalignment.In Paper II, a novel predictor of instability was assessed, namely marginal secondary displacement. The study included 165 patients with prospective data treated non-operatively with complete radiological follow-up and acceptable alignment 10-14 days after injury. Marginal secondary displacement was an important predictor of late displacement with malunion in DRFs. Clinicians should not unequivocally accept general guidelines for alignment. They should also assess the deterioration in fracture alignment at radiographic follow-up and be aware of the potential need for surgery to avoid malunion, even if radiographic measures are within acceptable limits.Paper III investigated the long-term effects of DRFs in a large prospective study 11 to 13 years post-injury and found that clinical outcomes improve with time. A decade after the fracture, patient-reported function, health-related quality of life, grip strength and range of motion were restored at the group level. Neither osteoarthritis nor pseudoarthrosis of the ulnar styloid affected the outcomes. Dorsal tilt, radial inclination and ulnar variance did not affect long-term clinical outcomes or the risk of osteoarthritis. Recovery after a DRF is an ongoing process lasting years. A decade after injury, recovery was achieved regardless of radiological outcomes.Paper IV evaluated the potential consequences of the fast-tracks introduced in the Swedish National Guidelines in a retrospective study. Some 1,609 patients with DRFs 4-7 years before the introduction of the national guidelines were studied. The patients' treatment was compared to how they would have been treated had the guidelines been followed. The results suggest that the fast-track treatment pathway will probably i) identify unstable fractures, ii) lead to more patients being treated with early primary surgery and iii) result in delayed primary surgery being avoided in most cases.To conclude, clinical outcomes are affected by the degree of radiological alignment 1 year after a DRF. However, patients continue to recover over a long period. After a decade, normal function is restored at the group level, irrespective of the radiological outcome. Clinical outcomes at 1 year can most likely be ameliorated by identifying unstable fractures and following protocols promoting early surgery for these fractures.
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| 6. |
- Schmidt, Viktor, et al.
(författare)
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Functional outcomes are restored a decade after a distal radius fracture : a prospective long-term follow-up study
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Hand Surgery, European Volume. - : Sage Publications. - 1753-1934 .- 2043-6289. ; 49:3, s. 322-328
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We performed an 11-13-year prospective follow-up of patients after a distal radial fracture (DRF) to investigate the association between fracture malunion, radiocarpal osteoarthritis and clinical outcome. In total, 292 patients responded to patient-reported outcome measures; of them, 242 underwent clinical examination. Clinical outcomes improved with time. A decade after fracture, median Quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand (QuickDASH) score was 5, EuroQol Five-dimensions score was 1.0, and range of motion and grip strength were 96% of the contralateral side. Neither osteoarthritis (6%) nor pseudoarthrosis of the ulnar styloid (30%) affected the outcomes. Dorsal tilt, radial inclination, ulnar variance and intra-articular extension did not affect long-term clinical outcomes or the risk of osteoarthritis. Recovery after a DRF is an ongoing process that lasts years. A decade after the injury event, range of motion, grip strength and QuickDASH were recovered to population normal, regardless of radiological outcomes.Level of evidence: II.
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| 7. |
- Schmidt, Viktor, et al.
(författare)
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Long-term association between patient-reported outcomes and psychological factors in patients with a distal radius fracture
- 2024
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Ingår i: Journal of Hand Surgery Global Online. - : Elsevier. - 2589-5141.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Purpose: The outcome after a distal radius fracture (DRF) is often evaluated with radiography, clinical examination, and patient-reported outcome measures. However, research has identified associations between psychological factors and outcomes after a DRF. A knowledge gap exists about psychological factors and their potential implications for long-term outcomes after a DRF. The aim of this study was to examine the long-term association between psychological factors and patient-reported outcomes.Methods: This multicenter investigation included patients aged 15–75 years with closed physes presenting with an acute DRF. Patients who completed a long-term follow-up (after 11–13 years) with patient-reported outcome measures were invited to participate in the study, and surveys measuring psychological factors were sent to the patients.Results: Two hundred and four patients (70%) completed the follow-up (mean [range] age at injury, 56 [18–75] years; 154 were females [75%]). Multivariable analysis showed that higher age, injury to the dominant hand, and greater pain catastrophizing were associated with an increase in scores on the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand questionnaire.Conclusions: A decade after sustaining a DRF, patients with higher scores on the Pain Catastrophizing Scale reported inferior outcomes as measured by the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand. The Pain Catastrophizing Scale accounts for 13% of the observed variance in Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand. Type of study/level of evidence: Therapeutic level IIb.
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| 8. |
- Schmidt, Viktor, et al.
(författare)
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Marginal secondary displacement in fractures of the distal radius at follow-up - an important predictor for late displacement and malunion
- 2023
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Ingår i: Journal of Hand Surgery, European Volume. - : Sage Publications. - 1753-1934 .- 2043-6289. ; 48:6, s. 524-531
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Treatment recommendations in fractures of the distal radius are often based on the degree of displacement and functional demands. The fracture may be within an acceptable radiological range, but a marginal deterioration in alignment then occurs between the initial visit and follow-up. This may pose a risk for late displacement that may require further treatment. We secondarily analysed prospectively collected data and included 165 patients. We found that marginal secondary displacement (odds ratio (OR) 9.7), anterior comminution (OR 8.8), loss of anterior apposition (OR 6.8) and dorsal comminution (OR 2.6) were predictors of late displacement. Marginal secondary displacement is an important predictor of late displacement and malunion in fractures of the distal radius. Clinicians should not unequivocally accept general guidelines on alignment but also assess a deterioration in fracture alignment on radiographic follow-up and be aware of the potential need for surgery to avoid malunion in cases that show early secondary displacement, even when radiographic measures are within acceptable limits.Level of evidence: III.
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| 9. |
- Wadsten, Charlotta, et al.
(författare)
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A validation of DCIS registration in a population-based breast cancer quality register and a study of treatment and prognosis for DCIS during 20 years
- 2016
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Ingår i: Acta Oncologica. - 0284-186X .- 1651-226X. ; 55:11, s. 1338-1343
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: Sweden has a long history of population-based cancer registration. The aim of our study was to assess the validity of DCIS registration in a regional Breast Cancer Quality Register (BCQR) and to analyze trends in incidence, treatment and outcome of DCIS, over a 20-year period.MATERIAL AND METHODS: All patients with a diagnosis of primary DCIS reported in the BCQR of the Uppsala-Örebro healthcare region in Sweden 1992-2012 were included. Three hundred women were randomly selected and their medical records were compared to register data. The study period was divided into four time periods.RESULTS: A total of 2952 women were registered with a DCIS diagnosis. In the final validation cohort of 295 patients, 23 were found to have either recurrent DCIS or invasive breast cancer and eight had LCIS. The completeness and validity of key variables were 91-99%. Twenty of 31 local recurrences were registered (65%).The proportion of DCIS to all breast cancers was 9.5%. Tumor size increased over time. The frequency of mastectomy increased from 23.0% to 39.0%. The proportion of patients receiving radiotherapy after breast conserving surgery increased from 30.1% to 67.6%. The reported local recurrence rate was 9.7% after 10 years. Reported recurrences after BCS and mastectomy were 12.0 and 7.0%, respectively. The recurrence rate did not differ between women undergoing BCS with or without radiotherapy.CONCLUSION: Only 89.5% of reported DCIS was a primary pure DCIS. The completeness of primary treatment and tumor data was high. The proportion of reported local recurrences was disappointingly low, 65%. The proportion of DCIS was stable over time with a trend towards more intensified treatment. The reported recurrence rate was low independent of treatment and can reflect adequate patient selection, but also over treatment. Our results address the necessity to validate register data on a regular basis.
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| 10. |
- Wadsten, Mats A, et al.
(författare)
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Cortical comminution in distal radial fractures can predict the radiological outcome : a cohort multicentre study
- 2014
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Ingår i: The Bone & Joint Journal. - : British Editorial Society of Bone and Joint Surgery. - 2049-4394 .- 2049-4408. ; 96B:7, s. 978-983
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper investigates whether cortical comminution and intra-articular involvement can predict displacement in distal radius fractures by using a classification that includes volar comminution as a separate parameter. A prospective multicentre study involving non-operative treatment of distal radius fractures in 387 patients aged between 15 and 74 years (398 fractures) was conducted. The presence of cortical comminution and intra-articular involvement according to the Buttazzoni classification is described. Minimally displaced fractures were treated with immobilisation in a cast while displaced fractures underwent closed reduction with subsequent immobilisation. Radiographs were obtained after reduction, at 10 to 14 days and after union. The outcome measure was re-displacement or union. In fractures with volar comminution (Buttazzoni type 4), 96% (53 of 55) displaced. In intra-articular fractures without volar comminution (Buttazzoni 3), 72% (84 of 117) displaced. In extra-articular fractures with isolated dorsal comminution (Buttazzoni 2), 73% (106 of 145) displaced while in non-comminuted fractures (Buttazzoni 1), 16 % (13 of 81) displaced. A total of 32% (53 of 165) of initially minimally displaced fractures later displaced. All of the initially displaced volarly comminuted fractures re-displaced. Displacement occurred in 31% (63 of 205) of fractures that were still in good alignment after 10 to 14 days. Regression analysis showed that volar and dorsal comminution predicted later displacement, while intra-articular involvement did not predict displacement. Volar comminution was the strongest predictor of displacement.
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Wadsten, Mats, 1969-
(författare)
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Distal Radius Fractures : aspects on radiological and clinical outcome and evaluation of a new classification system
- 2016
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Distal radius fracture (DRF) is the most common fracture encountered in clinical practice. Every year, more than 20000 people in Sweden suffer from this injury. It has been shown that there is a correlation between malalignment and function following distal radial fractures and malunion may cause persistent pain and disability.A problem has been in making a correct initial assessment of the fracture. Many fractures are unstable despite an acceptable position on the initial radiographic examination or following a successful closed fracture reduction.Numerous classification systems have been developed for evaluation of DRF in order to predict the outcome. However, the values of these are limited since they have not shown satisfactory reliability. Furthermore, the utility of these systems to predict radiographic or clinical outcome is not yet proven. These shortcomings may be one reason why optimal DRF management is still controversial. Requests for a new classification system of DRF, predictive of outcome and easy to use, have been made.Improvement in initial assessment of DRF will benefit a large group of patients, as well as the society, by reducing persistent symptoms and disability.Study I: In this study we evaluated the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of a new classification system (the Buttazzoni classification). Two hundred and thirty-two patients with acute DRF were blindly evaluated using the new classification by three orthopaedic surgeons twice with a 1-year interval. The new classification showed fair to substantial interobserver and intraobserver reliability, i.e., results comparable with other commonly used classification systems.Study II: This was a prospective multicenter study of fracture stability in 428 DRF. The study investigated whether cortical comminution and intra-articular involvement, as well as the new classification system, could predict displacement in DRF. Logistic regression analysis showed that initial position of the fracture and volar or dorsal comminution predicted later displacement, while intra-articular involvement did not. Volar comminution was the strongest predictor of displacement. The new classification system, which is the first to include volar comminution as a separate parameter, was highly predictive of fracture instability. Furthermore we found that it is quite common for non-operatively treated fractures to displace at a later stage than two weeks.Study IV: In study II it was found that late displacement of DRF, still in acceptable radiologic position after 10-14 days, occurred in approximately 1/3 of cases. Despite this, we have not been able to find any study focusing on evaluating the clinical outcome in patients with late displacement. Two hundred and nine unilateral DRF from study II were still in good position after 10-14 days and were included in the study. One hundred and seventy five patients had radiographs taken at a minimum of 3 months and a clinical examination 1 year after the fracture. Late displaced distal radius fractures had significantly higher loss of ROM and grip strength compared to fractures that didn’t displace. No significant differences were seen in subjective outcome.In conclusion, initial position of the fracture predicted later displacement and was the most important parameter in predicting clinical outcome. Comminution of the fracture also affected radiological stability and clinical outcome. Volar comminuted fractures are highly unstable and need surgical intervention if displacement is to be avoided. Intra-articular involvement affected clinical outcome. Late displacement is common in DRF and may result in loss of range of motion and grip strength. To detect late displacement, DRF should be followed for more than 2 weeks.The new classification system had a moderate reliability and reproducibility. The classification was found predictive of radiologic and objective clinical outcome. However, it was not predictive of subjective outcome. The classification system was also predictive of fractures at risk for late displacement.
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| 13. |
- Wadsten, Mats Å., et al.
(författare)
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Influence of Cortical Comminution and Intra-articular Involvement in Distal Radius Fractures on Clinical Outcome : A Prospective Multicenter Study
- 2017
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Ingår i: Journal of wrist surgery. - : Thieme Medical Publishers. - 2163-3916 .- 2163-3924. ; 6:4, s. 285-293
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Aim The purpose of this prospective multicenter study was to test the predictive value of cortical comminution and intra-articular involvement on function and quality of life in distal radius fractures (DRFs) using the Buttazzoni's classification system. Patients and Method We studied 406 patients between skeletal maturity and 74 years of age with DRF. Fractures with acceptable radiographic alignment were immobilized with a cast. Fractures with nonacceptable radiographic alignment underwent closed reduction and 4 to 6 weeks cast immobilization. Radiographs were obtained after reduction and at 10 to 14 days. Redisplaced fractures were offered surgical treatment. One-year follow-up included grip strength, range of motion (ROM), quickDASH, EQ-5D (including visual analog scale [VAS] for health status), and VAS pain. Results We found no statistically significant differences in QuickDASH, EQ-5D questionnaire, EQ-5D health status VAS, and VAS pain among the Buttazzoni classes. However, initial displacement was associated with worse quickDASH score, worse EQ-5D score, reduced grip strength, and reduced ROM. Dorsal comminution was associated with worse quickDASH score, reduced flexion, and reduced pronation-supination ability. Volar comminution predicted loss of extension, while intra-articular involvement was associated with reduced flexion-extension arc and worse EQ-5D score. There was a significant difference in ROM between noncomminuted and comminuted fracture classes. Conclusion Initial fracture position, type of comminution, and intra-articular involvement influenced the clinical outcome in DRF.
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| 14. |
- Wadsten, Mats Å, et al.
(författare)
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The Buttazzoni Classification of Distal Radial Fractures in Adults : interobserver and Intraobserver Reliability
- 2009
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Ingår i: Hand. - : SAGE Publications. - 1558-9447 .- 1558-9455. ; 4:3, s. 283-288
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Despite the fact that distal radial fracture is the commonest fracture, there is a little evidence-based knowledge about the value of its classification to guide management and predict prognosis. The available classification systems are either complicated or weakly applicable in clinical practice. Older's classification is the most reliable, but does not cover all radial fracture types. We evaluated the interobserver and intraobserver reliability of a new classification system which is a modification of Older's classification covering all radial fracture types. Two hundred and thirty-two consecutive adult patients with acute distal radial fractures were blindly evaluated according to the new classification by three orthopedic surgeons twice with 1-year interval. The interobserver reliability was measured using the Fleiss kappa coefficient, and the intraobserver reliability was measured using the Cohen's kappa coefficient. The new classification showed fair to substantial interobserver and intraobserver reliability, i.e., results comparable to the reliability of commonly used classification systems. The reliability was better for younger patients and when evaluation was carried out by hand-surgery-interested orthopedic surgeons. The new classification system is simple, covers all radial fracture types, and has an acceptable reliability. Further studies are needed to judge its ability to direct management and predict prognosis.
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| 15. |
- Wadsten, Mats Å., et al.
(författare)
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The influence of late displacement in distal radius fractures on function, grip strength, range of motion and quality of life
- 2018
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Ingår i: Journal of Hand Surgery, European Volume. - : Sage Publications. - 1753-1934 .- 2043-6289. ; 43:2, s. 131-136
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Late displacement of distal radius fractures, still in acceptable radiological position after 1–2 weeks, occurs in approximately one-third of cases. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of late displacement on the functional outcome and quality of life at 1 year in non-operatively treated distal radius fractures. One hundred and seventy five unilateral conservatively treated distal radius fractures with minimal displacement after 10–14 days were finally evaluated in the study. Follow-up included radiographs at 3 months and clinical examination 1 year after the fracture. Final radiographic parameters, grip strength, range of motion, QuickDASH, EQ-5D and pain visual analogue scale were evaluated with multivariate analysis. Late displacement occurred in 28% of the cases and was associated with loss of grip strength and range of motion. No significant differences were seen in the outcome questionnaires.
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