| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Pettersson-Strömbäck, Anita, 1965-, et al.
(författare)
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Slutrapport från AKTIKON-PROJEKTET i Örnsköldsviks kommun : Arbetsmiljö, fysisk aktivitet, hälsa och produktivitet i aktivitetsbaserad kontorsmiljö – en kontrollerad studie i Örnsköldsviks kommun
- 2018
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Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Projektet Aktivitetsbaserat Kontor (AktiKon) har följt och utvärderat en förändringsprocess i Örnsköldsviks kommun där tjänstemännen i kommunen flyttade från cellkontor till antingen ett aktivitetsbaserat kontor (AB-kontor) eller ett cellkontor. Syftet med forskningsprojektet var att studera effekter på arbetsmiljö, fysisk aktivitet, hälsa och produktivitet i aktivitetsbaserad kontorsmiljö och kunna jämföra med fortsatt arbete i cellkontor. Mätningar med enkäter, fokusgruppsintervjuer, gåturer och observationer utfördes 6 mån före flytt och 6 respektive 18 månader efter flytt. Individuella intervjuer av personer med upplevd funktionsnedsättning utfördes ca 10 månader efter flytt. Rörelsemätningar utfördes vid fem olika tillfällen under flyttprocessen.I denna rapport har vi valt att redovisa enkätresultat från anställda som vi har kunnat följa över tid, d.v.s. individer där vi har resultat från enkät besvarad före flytt och från minst ett tillfälle efter flytt. Den ursprungliga studiepopulationen som studerades med denna metod bestod från början av 374 anställda och vid den sista uppföljningen, 18 månader efter flytt, av 152 anställda i AB-kontoret och 63 i cellkontoret. De två grupperna som flyttade till olika kontorsmiljöer var inte helt jämförbara. Exempelvis var det fler män och chefer som flyttade till AB-kontoret och yrkesgrupperna var inte heller lika, men alla som ingick i projektet var tjänstemän inom samma kommun.De som flyttade till AB-kontoret upplevde den nya kontorsmiljön som estetiskt tilltalande och luftkvaliteten god. De som flyttade till nya cellkontor hade utifrån kvalitativa intervjuer inte en lika positiv uppfattning vad gäller kontorets design och inredning.Arbetsbelastningen och olika typer av krav såg lika ut över tid för respektive grupp. Det var vid 18 månader efter flytt ingen skillnad jämfört med före flytt i hälsofrämjande arbetsfaktorer undersökta med WEMS-instrumentet (Work Experience Measurement Scale) för de som flyttat till AB-kontor. Det var inte heller någon skillnad över tid i jämförelse med de som flyttat till cellkontor. Datorstödet upplevdes mycket positivt av de som flyttade till AB-kontoret och de blev något mer nöjda än de som flyttade till cellkontor. Det fanns i AB-kontoret inte någon säker skillnad i upplevelse av samarbete mellan olika arbetsgrupper eller inom hela organisationen vid 18 månader efter flytt jämfört med utgångsläget och inte heller någon säker skillnad över tid jämfört med cellkontoret. De som flyttade till AB-kontor rapporterade efter flytten en ökad störning av ljud och besvär av bristande avskildhet. Man upplevde i genomsnitt en lägre produktivitet i AB-kontoret efter flytt och det fanns en skillnad mellan de två kontorstyperna över tid.Cheferna var generellt nöjda med att arbeta i AB-kontor och de upplevde inte någon minskad produktivitet vid övergång till AB-kontor. I genomsnitt blev det emellertid en minskad nöjdhet med kontorets utformning i gruppen som flyttade till AB-kontor. Nöjdheten med AB-kontoret varierade beroende på yrke och typ av arbetsuppgifter. De som hade mycket enskilt och koncentrationskrävande datorarbete upplevde mindre nöjdhet efter flytt och angav att de helst ville arbeta i cellkontor om de fick välja. De som arbetade mycket i grupp, behövde vara idérika och ofta diskuterade med kollegor föredrog att arbeta i AB-kontor. Bland dem som helst ville arbeta i cellkontor fanns det en ökad förekomst av problem med stress, långvarig utmattning och psykiska besvär.Det framkom ökade problem med koncentrationen hos de som flyttade till AB-kontor. Det fanns däremot inga säkra skillnader över tid mellan grupperna vad gäller skattning av allmän hälsa och förekomst av andra typer av besvär.Redan före flytten hade båda grupperna tillgång till höj- och sänkbara bord och det var vanligt att arbeta stående under en rätt stor del av arbetsdagen. Efter flytten ökade tiden i gående och antal steg något i AB-kontoret jämfört med cellkontoret. I AB-kontoret fanns tillgång till gå-band, men dessa användes endast av ett fåtal anställda. Den centralt belägna öppna trappan var omtyckt och användes mycket.Sammanfattningsvis visar studien att nöjdhet, preferens och produktivitet i AB-kontor varierar mycket beroende på vilka arbetsuppgifter man har. AB-kontoret fungerar särskilt bra för personer med ledningsuppdrag. För att AB-kontoret ska kunna fungera bra även för personer med funktionsnedsättning måste det finnas system för att fånga upp individuella problem och möjliggöra anpassningar vid behov. Detta gäller särskilt vid psykiska besvär och kognitiva svårigheter. Det är angeläget att det i AB-kontoret finns tillgång till stödytor och resurser i tillräcklig omfattning för alla de olika arbetsuppgifter som ska utföras.En viktig erfarenhet i projektet är betydelsen av att kunna beskriva den kontext som förändringen sker i. Genom att göra en processutvärdering har det funnits möjlighet att på ett adekvat sätt tolka och förstå de effekter som framkom vid övergång till AB-kontor.Framgångsfaktorer vid övergång till AB-kontor är noggrann kartläggning och analys före flytt, samverkan, delaktighet, överenskomna regler och förhållningssätt, och övergripande rutiner som inkluderar hela kontoret för det fortsatta arbetsmiljöarbetet.
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| 3. |
- Tentler, Dmitry, et al.
(författare)
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A candidate region for Asperger syndrome defined by two 17p breakpoints
- 2003
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Ingår i: European Journal of Human Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1018-4813 .- 1476-5438. ; 11:2, s. 189-195
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Asperger syndrome (AS) is a mild form of autistic disorder characterised by impairment in social interaction as well as a restricted pattern of behaviour, interests, and activities. Two patients with AS and balanced translocations t(13;17) and t(17;19), respectively, were identified. Fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) analysis with chromosome 17 specific clones to metaphase chromosomes from both patients showed that the chromosome 17 breakpoints are located within a 300 kb region at 17p13. The region spans 14 known genes. The expression of these genes was analysed in lymphoblastoid RNA derived from the patients and healthy control individuals. The CHRNE, DKFZP566H073, LOC90048, PFN1, SPAG7, KIAA0909, ZNF232 and KIF1C genes showed similar levels of expression in cell lines with the translocations when compared with cell lines with normal karyotype. No expression was detected for the MINK, GP1BA, SLC25A11, ENO3, FLJ10060 and USP6 genes in any of the cell lines. The close physical relation of the two 17p breakpoints suggest a common genetic aetiology for the phenotype in the patients. Structural and functional analysis of the genes located around the two 17p breakpoints in t(13;17) and t(17;19) patients may reveal candidate sequences for the AS phenotype.
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| 4. |
- Voutilainen, Liina, et al.
(författare)
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Life-long shedding of Puumala hantavirus in wild bank voles (Myodes glareolus)
- 2015
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Ingår i: Journal of General Virology. - : Society for General Microbiology. - 0022-1317 .- 1465-2099. ; 96:6, s. 1238-1247
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The knowledge of viral shedding patterns and viraemia in the reservoir host species is a key factorin assessing the human risk of zoonotic viruses. The shedding of hantaviruses (familyBunyaviridae) by their host rodents has widely been studied experimentally, but rarely in naturalsettings. Here we present the dynamics of Puumala hantavirus (PUUV) shedding and viraemia innaturally infected wild bank voles (Myodes glareolus). In a monthly capture–mark–recapturestudy, we analysed 18 bank voles for the presence and relative quantity of PUUV RNA in theexcreta and blood from 2 months before up to 8 months after seroconversion. The proportion ofanimals shedding PUUV RNA in saliva, urine and faeces peaked during the first month afterseroconversion, but continued throughout the study period with only a slight decline. The quantityof shed PUUV in reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) positive excreta was constantover time. In blood, PUUV RNA was present for up to 7 months but both the probability of viraemiaand the virus load declined with time. Our findings contradict the current view of a decline in virusshedding after the acute phase and a short viraemic period in hantavirus infection – anassumption widely adopted in current epidemiological models. We suggest the life-long sheddingas a means of hantaviruses to survive over host population bottlenecks, and to disperse infragmented habitats where local host and/or virus populations face temporary extinctions. Ourresults indicate that the kinetics of pathogens in wild hosts may differ considerably from thoseobserved in laboratory settings.
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| 5. |
- Öhrn, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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Productivity, Satisfaction, Work Environment and Health after Relocation to an Activity-Based Flex Office : The Active Office Design Study
- 2021
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Ingår i: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 18:14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Implementation of activity-based flex offices (AFOs) are becoming increasingly common. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of an AFO on perceived productivity, satisfaction, work environment and health. Questionnaire data from the longitudinal, quasi-experimental Active Office Design Study was used. The study evaluates a public organization relocating staff to either an AFO or to cell offices. Measures from baseline, 6 and 18 months after relocation, were analyzed. Employees in the AFO experienced a decreased productivity and satisfaction with the office design. Lack of privacy as well as increased noise disturbance, less satisfaction with sit comfort and work posture were reported. Employees in the AFO with work tasks requiring a high degree of concentration experienced lower productivity while those with a high proportion of teamwork rated productivity to be continually high. No significant group differences were found between the two office types in general health, cognitive stress, salutogenic health indicators or pain in the neck, shoulder or back. The study highlights the importance of taking work characteristics into account in the planning and implementation process of an AFO. Flexible and interactive tasks seem more appropriate in an AFO, whereas individual tasks demanding concentration seem less fit.
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| 6. |
- Arm, Maria, et al.
(författare)
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How Does the European Recovery Target for Construction & Demolition Waste Affect Resource Management?
- 2017
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Ingår i: Waste and Biomass Valorization. - : Springer Netherlands. - 1877-2641 .- 1877-265X. ; 8:5, s. 1491-1504
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The revised EU Waste Framework Directive (WFD) includes a 70 % target for recovery of construction and demolition (C&D) waste. In order to study the potential change in the resource management of the main C&D waste fractions, as a consequence of fulfilling the WFD target, a Nordic project (ENCORT-CDW) has been performed. Waste fractions studied included asphalt, concrete, bricks, track ballast, gypsum-based construction materials and wood. Recovery scenarios were identified and estimations were made regarding expected savings of primary materials, impact on transport, and pollution and emissions. For wood waste, the main differences between re-use, material recycling and energy recovery were evaluated in a carbon footprint screening based on life cycle assessment methodology. The study concluded that the EU recovery target does not ensure a resource efficient and environmentally sustainable waste recovery in its present form since: It is very sensitive to how the legal definitions of waste and recovery are interpreted in the Member States. This means that certain construction material cycles might not count in the implementation reports while other, less efficient and environmentally safe, recovery processes of the same material will count. It is weight-based and consequently favours large and heavy waste streams. The result is that smaller flows with equal or larger resource efficiency and environmental benefit will be insignificant for reaching the target. It does not distinguish between the various recovery processes, meaning that resource efficient and environmentally safe recovery cannot be given priority. Improved knowledge on C&D waste generation and handling, as well as on content and emissions of dangerous substances, is required to achieve a sustainable recovery.
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| 7. |
- Aurelius, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Perceptions of mental health, suicide and working conditions in the construction industry-A qualitative study.
- 2024
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Ingår i: PloS one. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 19:7
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The aim of the study was to explore perceptions of mental ill health, suicidal behaviour and working conditions among male construction workers, in order to gain an in-depth understanding of these phenomenon and to identify relevant avenues for workplace interventions.Data were collected in individual and group interviews, and 43 individuals from the Swedish construction industry, workers, union representative and managers, participated in the study. Inductive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data.Five main themes were found: Difficult to talk about mental health, Demanding working environment affects mental health, Substance abuse among construction workers, Importance of management, and Need for routines and social support in the workplace. Many participants reported that there was a stigma related to mental health. Suicides that had occurred among colleagues were perceived to come out of the blue. The working environment in the construction industry was perceived to have a negative effect on mental health, and it was reported that the management played an important role in both the cause and prevention of mental health problems.The results from this Swedish study are in accordance with previous international research regarding a macho culture, stigma of mental health and a demanding working environment in the construction industry. The study adds to existing knowledge by highlighting that suicides were perceived to be very unexpected, that poor physical health affected mental health and that many participants did not know how to deal with mental health issues in the workplace.
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| 8. |
- Berggren, Björn, et al.
(författare)
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Normalisation of Measured Energy Use in Buildings — Need for a Review of the Swedish Regulations
- 2019
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Ingår i: Cold Climate HVAC 2018. CCC 2018. - Cham : Springer International Publishing. - 9783030006617 - 9783030006624 ; , s. 995-995
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Normalisation of measured energy use in buildings is important in order to verify their performance in user phase. Two methods for normalisation have been presented in Sweden, static and dynamic normalisation. The static normalisation considers deviating hot water use, indoor temperature, internal loads and external climate. The dynamic normalisation is based on repeated simulation, meaning that the initial simulation, carried out during the design phase, is repeated with updated conditions regarding actual use of the building and exterior climate. The ratio between the first and second simulation is used as a factor for normalisation. A pre-study has been initiated in Sweden to enable further development of the two methods. This paper present the two methods, the initiated pre-study, and some early findings. The early findings show that there is need for further development of the methods presented.
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| 9. |
- Bergman, Frida, 1984-, et al.
(författare)
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Treadmill workstations in office workers who are overweight or obese : a randomised controlled trial
- 2018
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Ingår i: The Lancet Public Health. - : The Lancet Publishing Group. - 2468-2667. ; 3:11
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Treadmill workstations that enable office workers to walk on a treadmill while working at their computers might increase physical activity in offices, but long-term effects are unknown. We therefore investigated whether treadmill workstations in offices increased daily walking time.Methods: We did a randomised controlled trial of healthy office workers who were either overweight or obese. We recruited participants from 13 different companies, which comprised 17 offices, in Umeå, Sweden. We included people who were aged 40-67 years, had sedentary work tasks, and had a body-mass index (BMI) between 25 kg/m2 and 40 kg/m2. After the baseline measurement, we stratified participants by their BMI (25-30 kg/m2 and >30 to 40 kg/m2); subsequently, an external statistician randomly assigned these participants (1:1) to either the intervention group (who received treadmill workstations for optional use) or the control group (who continued to work at their sit-stand desks as usual). Participants in the intervention group received reminders in boosting emails sent out to them at four occasions during the study period. Researchers were masked to group assignment until after analysis of the primary outcome. After the baseline measurement, participants were not masked to group belongings. The primary outcome was total daily walking time at weekdays and weekends, measured at baseline, 2 months, 6 months, 10 months, and 13 months with the accelerometer activPAL (PAL Technologies, Glasgow, UK), which was worn on the thigh of participants for 24 h a day for 7 consecutive days. We used an intention-to-treat approach for our analyses. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01997970, and is closed to new participants.Findings: Between Nov 1, 2013, and June 30, 2014, a total of 80 participants were recruited and enrolled (n=40 in both the intervention and control groups). Daily walking time during total time awake at weekdays increased between baseline and 13 months by 18 min (95% CI 9 to 26) in the intervention group and 1 min (-7 to 9) in the control group (difference 22 min [95% CI 7 to 37], pinteraction=0·00045); for weekend walking, the change from baseline to 13 months was 5 min (-8 to 18) in the intervention group and 8 min (-5 to 21) in the control group (difference -1 min [-19 to 17]; pinteraction=0·00045). Neither measure met our predetermined primary outcome of 30 min difference in total walking time between the intervention and control group, so the primary outcome of the trial was not met. One adverse event was reported in a participant who accidently stepped on their Achilles tendon.Interpretation: In a sedentary work environment, treadmill workstations result in a statistically significant but smaller-than-expected increase in daily walking time. Future studies need to investigate how increasing physical activity at work might have potentially compensatory effects on non-work activity.
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| 10. |
- Celebi, Guven, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamics of Puumala hantavirus outbreak in Black Sea Region, Turkey
- 2019
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Ingår i: Zoonoses and Public Health. - : Wiley. - 1863-1959 .- 1863-2378. ; 66:7, s. 783-797
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background Some of the hantavirus species in Euro-Asia cause haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in humans. The first documented human hantavirus infection in Turkey was diagnosed in 2009. This report describes the dynamics of the first hantavirus outbreak that emerged in humans in the Western Black Sea Region of Turkey. Methods All the suspected cases of hantavirus infection were admitted to the Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology Department at the Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University Hospital in Zonguldak, Turkey. The patients were carefully interviewed, examined and evaluated using routine laboratory tests and hantavirus diagnostic tools. Hantavirus-reactive antibodies (IgM and IgG) in serum samples were detected via enzyme immune assay (EIA) and immunofluorescence assay (IFA) in the acute and convalescence stages of the disease. The presence of hantavirus ribonucleic acid (RNA) was analysed via reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in serum and urine samples. A focus reduction neutralization test (FRNT) was performed to confirm specific hantavirus serotypes. In addition, a case-control study was conducted to identify possible risk factors for hantavirus transmission in the outbreak area. A control group was composed of asymptomatic individuals who were seronegative for hantavirus IgM and IgG and living in the outbreak area. Results A total of 55 suspected cases of hantavirus infection were admitted to the inpatient clinic between February and June of 2009. Twenty-four patients were diagnosed with acute HFRS via EIA or IFA. In 22 of the 24 infected patients, Puumala virus (PUUV) was identified as the causative hantavirus type by detecting IgM in the acute stage and an increase in the IgG level in follow-up serum samples. PUUV was also verified as the infecting agent by FRNT in two of the 24 cases. Among the 24 laboratory-confirmed HFRS cases, 21 (87.5%) were males and 3 (12.5%) were females, and the mean age was 45.92 years (standard deviation +/- 16.90 years). Almost all these individuals were living in villages or rural areas. The 24 HFRS cases were matched with 26 healthy controls for statistical analyses and according to binary logistic regression analysis, and dealing with rodent control activities in gardens or in annexes of their homes (p = 0.021 and Odds ratio [OR] = 17.11) and being male (p = 0.019 and OR = 22.37) were detected as statistically significant risk factors for hantavirus infection. The most commonly observed clinical complaints were fatigue (95.8%), shivering (91.7%), fever (87.1%), headache (70.8%) and nausea (70.8%). Haemodialysis was required for four patients (16.7%). Except for the first case diagnosed with acute hantavirus infection, no patient died. The mean delay time to hospital admission from initiation of symptoms was 5.3 days, the mean duration of febrile days was 2.6 days, and the mean duration of hospital stay was 8.5 days. Conclusion Hantaviruses are circulating in Turkey and causing sporadic or epidemic infection in humans. Additional investigations are needed to better understand the dynamics of hantaviruses in this country.
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| 11. |
- Enerbäck, Charlotta, 1965, et al.
(författare)
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Evidence that HLA-Cw6 determines early onset of psoriasis, obtained using sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP)
- 1997
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Ingår i: Acta Derm Venereol. ; 77:4, s. 273-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psoriasis vulgaris has previously been shown to associate with certain HLA alleles. HLA-Cw6 is considered to be the primary association, based on calculations of relative risk after serological typing. This association is reportedly more pronounced in early- than in late-onset psoriasis. We performed a PCR-based typing with sequence-specific primers, which has been shown to give a more complete result than serology. Two hundred and one unrelated patients with psoriasis, with a mean age of 40 years, and 77 healthy controls were typed. Two thirds (67%) of the patients were positive for one or two copies of the allele, while the corresponding figure for the control group was 12%. A significant peak for age at onset of 21 or younger was seen for the Cw6 carriers. For patients older than 21 at onset, the frequency of Cw6 was significantly lower; e.g. for patients with an age at onset between 30 and 35 the frequency was comparable to the level of the control group. The high frequency of Cw6 among patients with an age at onset of 21 or younger is in agreement with data of other groups. In comparison with this age-at-onset group the frequency of Cw6 is sharply reduced among patients with an age at onset of 22 years or older, which contrasts with earlier studies. This may reflect differences between population groups but may also be due to the higher sensitivity of the PCR-based HLA-Cw6 typing method. In view of these findings, we suggest that psoriasis is a genetically determined disease, in which the additional presence of HLA-Cw6 is associated with the characteristic of early onset.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Enlund, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Analysis of three suggested psoriasis susceptibility loci in a large Swedish set of families: confirmation of linkage to chromosome 6p (HLA region), and to 17q, but not to 4q
- 1999
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Ingår i: Hum Hered. ; 49:1, s. 2-8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Psoriasis is known to be a heterogeneous disease with so far three reported major psoriasis susceptibility loci on chromosome 4q, 6p and 17q. In this study we investigated three reported gene locations by nonparametric and parametric linkage analysis in a large family set consisting of 104 families (153 sib pairs) from Sweden. We could confirm linkage to chromosome 6p. A maximum heterogeneous lod score of 2.78 was reached at locus D6S276 (alpha = 0.60). Allelic association studies within the HLA region indicated linkage disequilibrium at locus TNFbeta with a significant p value of 0.0009. Furthermore, we obtained weak evidence of linkage to the locus on chromosome 17q while no evidence of linkage could be found to the chromosome 4q region.
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| 14. |
- Enlund, Fredrik, 1968, et al.
(författare)
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Psoriasis susceptibility locus in chromosome region 3q21 identified in patients from southwest Sweden
- 1999
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Ingår i: Eur J Hum Genet. ; 7:7, s. 783-90
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have performed a pair-wise linkage study in the search for psoriasis susceptibility regions. A preliminary scan was performed on 20 families. In this set we obtained indications of linkage on chromosome 3q21. This region was further investigated using material from a total of 104 families (set 1B) resulting in a non-parametric linkage (NPL) of 1.77. The material was stratified in families whose parental origin is in southwest Sweden (set 1C). A maximum NPL value of 2.77 was obtained in this group. A transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) was performed on the stratified material (set 1C) and a significant P value of 0.005 was obtained, at marker D3S1269. The locus was confirmed with TDT in replicate material consisting of 148 families in which a single member was affected (P value 0.0007) at marker D3S1551. Thus, we have observed a significant P value using TDT in the vicinity of markers D3S1269/D3S1551, suggesting a novel psoriasis susceptibility region.
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| 15. |
- Erixon, Eva-Lena, 1968-
(författare)
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Matematiklärares kompetensutveckling online : policy, diskurs och meningsskapande
- 2017
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Different forms of professional development online are becoming increasingly common for teachers and the aim of the thesis is to contribute knowledge about online professional development for mathematics teachers and the relationship between professional development, educational policy, and mathematics teaching practice. In the thesis, professional development refers to organized professional development in terms of university courses.The thesis consists of four studies, each of which has been presented in the form of an article. The four studies together explore transnational and national policy discourses, meaning-making activities that can be distinguished in online professional development, discourses pertaining to mathematics teaching in the classroom and in the subsequent seminar discussions in the course, and teachers’ experience of professional development online. The different arenas have been explored using the concept of discourse with reference to Fairclough, Gee, and Sfard. The term ”discourse” refers primarily to communication and language in use.The result of the studies indicates that the participants have not been offered enough opportunities to reflect on how or whether the use of several concepts and everyday life connections really deepened the students’ understanding of the mathematical content. Moreover, the analysis of the interviews with the participants shows that it was difficult for them to deepen their reflections in the synchronous communication online. There is a lack of reciprocal participation and reflection in the conversation and it is hard for the participants to get an idea of how the others respond to their messages. When a participant has completed his or her message the next speaker continues with a new message and as a result, the communication often takes a new direction instead of allowing in-depth reflection.
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| 16. |
- Granström, Johanna, et al.
(författare)
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Perceptions of delay when afflicted by an acute myocardial infarction during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic
- 2023
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Ingår i: European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1474-5151 .- 1873-1953. ; 22:1, s. 89-97
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: To describe the perceptions of delay in medical care-seeking, when afflicted by an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) during the first wave of the pandemic.METHODS AND RESULTS: A qualitative descriptive study with an inductive approach. Fourteen semi-structured interviews were conducted, analysed by qualitative content analysis with a manifest approach. One category and six sub-categories emerged. The decision was reached when the health threat was perceived as critical, which made the earlier thoughts of the pandemic fade away. The risk of infection during medical visits caused fear of contracting the disease. This resulted in hesitation, neglect of symptoms, and avoidance of healthcare visits. Following recommendations from authorities and media about personal responsibility was motivated by fear, affecting the care-seeking.CONCLUSION: It appears that the COVID-19 pandemic raised the threshold for deciding to seek medical care when presenting with an AMI. The pandemic led to increased patient delay due to several reasons among which fear of contracting the disease was prominent. The emotion of fear was related to the external threat to one's own health, due to COVID-19, and not fear of symptoms related to an AMI. The media reporting the healthcare system as overloaded increased insecurity and may have had an influence on delay.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
- Holmgren Troy, Maria, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
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Making Home : Orphanhood, kinship, and cultural memory in contemporary American novels
- 2014
-
Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- Making Home explores the orphan child as a trope in contemporary US fiction, arguing that in the times of perceived national crisis concerns about American identity, family, and literary history are articulated around this literary figure. Making Home moves scholarship on literary orphans in new directions. It focuses on orphan figures in a broad, multi-ethnic range of contemporary fiction by Barbara Kingsolver, Linda Hogan, Leslie Marmon Silko, Marilynne Robinson, Michael Cunningham, Jonathan Safran Foer, John Irving, Kaye Gibbons, Octavia Butler, Jewelle Gomez, and Toni Morrison. It also investigates genres as carriers of cultural memory, looking particularly at the captivity narrative, historical fiction, speculative fiction, the sentimental novel, and the bildungsroman. From a decisively literaryperspective, Making Home engages socio-political concerns such as mixed-race families, child welfare, and racial and national identity, as well as shifting definitions of familial, national, and literary home. By analyzing how contemporary novels both incorporate and resist gendered and raced literary conventions, how they elaborate on symbolic and factual meanings of orphanhood, and how they explore kinship beyond the nuclear and/or adoptive family, this book offers something distinctly new in American literary studies. It is a crucial study for students and scholars interested in the links between literature and identity, questions of inclusion and exclusion in national ideology, and definitions of family and childhood.
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| 20. |
- Holmgren Troy, Maria, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
-
Making Home : Orphanhood, kinship, and cultural memory in contemporary American novels
- 2014. - 1
-
Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- Making Home explores the figure of the orphan child in a broad selection of contemporary US novels by popular and critically acclaimed authors Barbara Kingsolver, Linda Hogan, Leslie Marmon Silko, Marilynne Robinson, Michal Cunningham, Jonathan Safran Foer, John Irving, Kaye Gibbons, Octavia Butler, Jewelle Gomez and Toni Morrison. The orphan child is a continuous presence in US literature, not only in children’s books and nineteenth-century texts, but also in a variety of genres of contemporary fiction for adults. Making Home examines the meanings of this trope in the contexts of American literary history, social history and ideologies of family, race and nation. It argues that contemporary orphan characters function both as links to literary history and as figures around which authors can critique the limits of literary history, family identity and national belonging.
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| 21. |
- Holmgren Troy, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Making Home : Orphanhood, Kinship, and Cultural Memory in contemporary American Novels
- 2014
-
Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- Making Home explores the orphan child as a trope in contemporary US fiction, arguing that in times of perceived national crisis concerns about American identity, family, and literary history are articulated around this literary figure. The book focuses on orphan figures in a broad, multi-ethnic range of contemporary fiction by Barbara Kingsolver, Linda Hogan, Leslie Marmon Silko, Marilynne Robinson, Michael Cunningham, Jonathan Safran Foer, John Irving, Kaye Gibbons, Octavia Butler, Jewelle Gomez, and Toni Morrison. It also investigates genres as carriers of cultural memory, looking particularly at the captivity narrative, historical fiction, speculative fiction, the sentimental novel, and the bildungsroman. From a decisively literary perspective, Making Home engages socio-political concerns such as mixed-race families, child welfare, multiculturalism, and racial and national identity, as well as shifting definitions of familial, national, and literary home. By analyzing how contemporary novels both incorporate and resist gendered and raced literary conventions, how they elaborate on symbolic and factual meanings of orphanhood, and how they explore kinship beyond the nuclear and/or adoptive family, this book offers something distinctly new in American literary studies. It is a crucial study for students and scholars interested in the links between literature and identity, questions of inclusion and exclusion in national ideology, and definitions of family and childhood.
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| 22. |
- Holmgren Troy, Maria, 1962-, et al.
(författare)
-
Making Home : Orphanhood, kinship and cultural memory in contemporary American novels
- 2021. - 1st paperback
-
Bok (refereegranskat)abstract
- Making home explores the orphan child as a trope in contemporary US fiction, arguing that in the times of perceived national crisis, concerns about American identity, family and literary history are articulated around this literary figure.The book focuses on orphan figures in a broad, multi-ethnic range of contemporary fiction by Barbara Kingsolver, Marilynne Robinson, Michael Cunningham, Jonathan Safran Foer, John Irving, Octavia Butler and Toni Morrison among others, and investigates genres as carriers of cultural memory, looking particularly at the captivity narrative, historical fiction, speculative fiction, the sentimental novel and the bildungsroman. From a decisively literary perspective, Making home engages socio-political concerns such as mixed-race families, child welfare, and racial and national identity, as well as shifting definitions of familial, national and literary home.By analysing how contemporary novels both incorporate and resist gendered and raced literary conventions, how they elaborate on symbolic and factual meanings of orphanhood, and how they explore kinship beyond the nuclear and/or adoptive family, this book offers something distinctly new in American literary studies. It is a crucial study for students and scholars interested in the links between literature and identity, questions of inclusion and exclusion in national ideology, and definitions of family and childhood.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Jarl, Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Tre rapporter om skolan : Bakgrundsrapport till Jämlikhetskommissionen
- 2020
-
Rapport (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Den här rapporten är ett underlag till den av regeringen tillsatta kom-missionen för ökad ekonomisk jämlikhet i samhället, Jämlikhets-kommissionen (Dir 2018:74). Kommissionens övergripande uppdrag är att lämna förslag som långsiktigt ökar den ekonomiska jämlik-heten och möjligheterna till social rörlighet i samhället och som bidrar till ökad jämlikhet och integration. Bland annat ska kommis-sionen ”föreslå åtgärder som kan bidra till att utjämna skillnader i uppväxtvillkor samt i möjligheter till god utbildning”.
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| 26. |
- Johansen, Kari, et al.
(författare)
-
Norovirus strains belonging to the GII.4 genotype dominate as a cause of nosocomial outbreaks of viral gastroenteritis in Sweden 1997-2005 - Arrival of new variants is associated with large nation-wide epidemics
- 2008
-
Ingår i: Journal of Clinical Virology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1386-6532 .- 1873-5967. ; 42:2, s. 129-134
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: In recent years an increase of the incidence of nosocomial outbreaks caused by noroviruses has been observed throughout Sweden, with high peaks noted in the winter seasons 2002/2003 and 2004/2005, respectively. Objectives: To phylogenetically characterize norovirus strains causing nosocomial outbreaks from 1997 to 2005 and estimate the impact of norovirus-like disease on the Swedish health care system during the peak season 2002/2003 when a new variant of norovirus occurred. Study design: Stool samples from 115 randomly selected nosocomial outbreaks occurring during 1997-2005 throughout Sweden were studied by RT-PCR and sequencing. In addition, to investigate the impact on the health-care system, a questionnaire was distributed to infection control units (n = 90) serving all Swedish hospitals, nursing homes and other health-care institutions during the largest epidemic of nosocomial outbreaks. Results: Sequencing of 279 nucleotides of the norovirus RNA polymerase gene in stools containing norovirus RNA showed that strains belonging to the GII.4 genotype dominated. Each of the two large epidemics was due to a new variant within this cluster. The questionnaire revealed that 30,000-35,000 episodes of nosocomial norovirus-like infections occurred in 80 of 82 major Swedish hospitals affected in 2002/2003. Conclusion: New norovirus variants within the cluster GGII.4 may have a major impact on the health-care system. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 27. |
- Jourdain, Elsa, et al.
(författare)
-
Surveillance for West Nile virus in wild birds from northern Europe.
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases. - : Mary Ann Liebert Inc. - 1530-3667 .- 1557-7759. ; 11:1, s. 77-79
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A total of 1935 migratory birds from 104 different species were captured in southeastern Sweden in 2005-2006 and tested for antibodies against West Nile virus (WNV). Overall, 46 birds (2.4%; binomial confidence limits, 1.8-3.2) were positive by blocking-ELISA, but only 2 (0.10%; binomial confidence limits, 0.0-0.4) had antibodies detectable by both blocking-ELISA and WNV neutralization test. ELISA-positive birds included long- and short-distance migrants likely exposed to WNV while wintering in or migrating through areas enzootic for WNV. Exposure to a cross-reactive Flavivirus was suspected for short-distance migrants of the Turdidae family, but no cross-neutralization with tick-borne encephalitis and Usutu viruses was observed.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
- Kloberg, A., et al.
(författare)
-
Tolerability and efficacy of the monoaminergic stabilizer (-)-OSU6162 (PNU-96391A) in Huntington's disease: A double-blind cross-over study
- 2014
-
Ingår i: Acta Neuropsychiatrica. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0924-2708 .- 1601-5215. ; 26:5, s. 298-306
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective To evaluate the safety (primary objective) and efficacy (secondary objective) of (-)-OSU6162 in Huntington's disease (HD). Methods In a double-blind, cross-over trial, patients with HD were randomly assigned to start treatment on either (-)-OSU6162 or placebo. After 4 weeks, those patients who initially received active drug were switched to placebo for another 4 weeks, and vice versa. During the first week the (-)-OSU6162 dose was 15 mg twice daily, during the second week 30 mg twice daily, and during the last 2 weeks 45 mg twice daily. Motor, cognitive, mental and social functions were rated by the clinical investigator or by self-assessment, using established rating scales. Results Fifteen patients fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria completed the study. (-)-OSU6162 was well tolerated by all patients and no adverse effects were observed. (-)-OSU6162 treatment significantly improved the Short Form 36 Vitality score, mainly due to an improvement of the individual item 'worn-out' (VT3). In addition, an improvement of depressive symptoms was found using Beck Depression Inventory. In contrast to a general trend of improvement in several non-motor variables only small and non-significant differences between (-)-OSU6162 and placebo were found regarding motor functions. Conclusions (-)-OSU6162 offers promise for the treatment of HD, as a drug with good tolerability, capable of improving the patients' experienced non-motor functions such as energy and mood and thus alleviating symptoms of great importance for their quality of life. © © Scandinavian College of Neuropsychopharmacology 2014.
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| 30. |
- Knoppers, Bartha Maria, et al.
(författare)
-
Oocyte donation for stem cell research
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 316:5823, s. 368-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)
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| 31. |
|
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| 32. |
- Lind, Jacob, et al.
(författare)
-
Jakt på papperslösa gör oss till en polisstat
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Svenska Dagbladet. - : Svenska Dagbladet. - 1101-2412. ; :2016-10-04
-
Tidskriftsartikel (populärvet., debatt m.m.)abstract
- Regeringen föreslår nio åtgärder för att hitta och utvisa papperslösa. Det kommer att slå hårt och främst gå ut över redan svaga och jagade människor. Vi uppmanar därför regeringen att ta tillbaka åtgärderna, skriver 43 forskare.
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| 33. |
- Löfman, Owe, 1945-, et al.
(författare)
-
Women with low-energy fracture should be investigated for osteoporosis
- 2007
-
Ingår i: Acta Orthopaedica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 1745-3674 .- 1745-3682. ; 78:6, s. 813-821
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Treatment of osteoporosis is becoming more effective, but methods to identify patients who are most suitable for investigation and treatment are still being debated. Should any type of fracture have higher priority for investigation of osteoporosis than any other? Is the number of previous fractures useful information? Material and methods: We investigated 303 consecutive women patients between 55 and 75 years of age who had a newly diagnosed low-energy fracture. They answered a questionnaire on previous fractures which also dealt with risk factors. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at the hip, lumbar spine, and forearm. Results: The distribution of fracture location was: distal forearm 56%, proximal humerus 12%, vertebra 18%, and hip 13%, all with similar age. Half of the subjects had had at least one previous fracture before the index fracture, 19% had had two previous fractures, and 6% had had three or more previous fractures. Patients with vertebral or hip fracture had lower BMD and had had more previous fractures than patients with forearm or humerus fractures. There was an inverse correlation between number of fractures and BMD. Osteoporosis was present in one-third of patients with forearm fracture, in one-half of those with hip or humerus fracture, and in two-thirds of those with vertebral fracture. Interpretation: Vertebral fractures were the strongest marker of low BMD and forearm fractures the weakest. The number of previous fractures is helpful information for finding the most osteoporotic patient in terms of severity. Investigation of osteoporosis therefore seems warranted in every woman between the ages of 55 and 75 with a recent low-energy fracture, with highest priority being given to those with vertebral, hip, or multiple fractures. Copyright© Taylor & Francis 2007. all rights reserved.
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| 34. |
- Mehlig, Kirsten, 1964, et al.
(författare)
-
Occupation-specific risk estimates for suicide and non-fatal self-harm from a Swedish cohort of male construction workers followed 1987-2018
- 2024
-
Ingår i: Occupational and Environmental Medicine. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 1351-0711 .- 1470-7926. ; 81:3, s. 142-149
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: While suicidal behaviour has become less prevalent in non-manual workers in recent decades, rates have increased in manual workers. We aimed to identify occupations within the construction industry with excess risk of suicide and non-fatal self-harm.Methods: This cohort of Swedish construction workers comprises 389 132 individuals examined 1971-1993 and followed 1987-2018 using national hospital and cause of death registers. More than 200 job titles were merged into 22 occupational groups. For 296 891 men alive in 1987 and active in the construction sector, survival was calculated from baseline to first event of non-fatal self-harm or suicide and censored for emigration, long-term unemployment, disability pension, retirement, death from other causes or end of follow-up. HRs with 95% CIs were obtained from multiple Cox proportional hazard regression.Results: Overall, 1618 cases of suicide and 4774 events of non-fatal self-harm were registered. Self-harm before baseline was the single largest risk factor for suicide, HR 9.3 (95% CI 7.5 to 11.6). Compared with the overall mean, labourers and rock workers had excess risk for suicide, HR 1.4 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.7) and 1.5 (95% CI 1.0 to 2.3), respectively, while electricians, clerks and foremen had reduced risk. Labourers, concrete workers, sheet metal workers, painters, glaziers and the group € other construction workers' were at increased risk for non-fatal self-harm. Almost all categories of manual workers were at increased risk for suicidal behaviour relative to clerks and foremen.Conclusions: Specific occupations within the construction sector were associated with excess risk for suicidal behaviour. Future studies should identify underlying risk factors to inform tailored interventions.
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| 35. |
- Oliva Palau, Jonàs, et al.
(författare)
-
Pathogen-induced defoliation of Pinus sylvestris leads to tree decline and death from secondary biotic factors
- 2016
-
Ingår i: Forest Ecology and Management. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-1127 .- 1872-7042. ; 379, s. 273-280
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The contribution of non-lethal pathogenic attacks to tree death is still unclear. Manion's theory of the spiral of decline predicts that tree decline and death occurs because of a sequence of predisposing, inciting and contributing events. To understand whether pathogens can act as predisposing or inciting factors, we tested whether a sequence of non-lethal pathogen attacks causing crown defoliation could lead to a chronic decline in tree health and predispose trees to die. Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) trees predisposed or escaping (non-predisposed) a first outbreak by the pathogen Gremmeniella abietina (predisposing event) were compared in terms of survival and susceptibility to secondary pests (contributing event) after a second G. abietina outbreak (inciting event). Four years after the inciting event, mortality among predisposed trees was up to five times higher than among trees escaping the first epidemic. Predisposed trees were twice as susceptible to secondary attacks by the common pine shoot beetle (Tomicus piniperda). Ten years after the inciting event, severely predisposed trees had not been able to restore their crowns and still showed stagnated growth. This study showed that pathogen-induced defoliation can act as predisposing and inciting factors for tree death, reducing the capacity of trees to survive short- or long-term stressing events, such as bark beetle attacks. We also showed that tree decline can result from a combination of predisposing and inciting events caused by pathogens. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 36. |
- Peyre-Costa, David, et al.
(författare)
-
Self-reported exposure to dust and diesel exhaust, respiratory symptoms, and use of respiratory protective equipment among Arctic miners
- 2024
-
Ingår i: International Journal of Circumpolar Health. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 1239-9736 .- 2242-3982. ; 83:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Arctic miners face significant risks from diesel exhaust and dust exposure, potentially leading to adverse respiratory health. Employers must limit harmful exposures, using personal protective equipment (PPE) as a last line of defense. This study explored the association between reported respiratory exposure and symptoms, and PPE training and usage. Data from the MineHealth study (2012–2014) included a total of 453 Arctic open pit miners in Norway, Sweden, and Finland. Participants answered questions on exposure to dust and diesel exhaust, respiratory symptoms, and PPE use, in addition to age, gender, BMI, smoking, and self-rated health. Estimated exposure to dust was common, reported by 91%, 80%, and 82% and that of diesel exhaust by 84%, 43%, and 47% of workers in Sweden, Finland, and Norway, respectively. Reported dust exposure was significantly related to respiratory symptoms (OR 2.2, 95% CI 1.3–3.7), diesel exposure increased the occurrence of wheezing (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.3–5.4). PPE use varied between the studied mines. Non-use was common and related to reduced visibility, wetness, skin irritation and fogging of the respiratory PPE. Future research should employ more precise exposure assessment, respiratory function as well as explore the reasons behind the non-compliance of PPE use.
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| 37. |
- Prytz, Ingela, et al.
(författare)
-
Fed-batch production of recombinant beta-galactosidase using the universal stress promoters uspA and uspB in high cell density cultivations.
- 2003
-
Ingår i: Biotechnology and bioengineering. - : Wiley. - 0006-3592 .- 1097-0290. ; 83:5, s. 595-603
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A high-level production system using the universal stress promoters uspA and uspB in a fed-batch cultivation based on minimal medium was designed. In development it was shown that a standard industrial fed-batch protocol could not be used for this purpose since it failed to induce the levels of product as compared to the basal level. Instead, a batch protocol followed by a low constant feed of glucose was shown to give full induction. The levels of the product protein, beta-galactosidase, corresponded to approximately 25% of the total protein. Higher levels were found using the uspA than uspB vectors where uspA showed considerably higher basal level. The data indicate that the sigma(70) regulated promoter, uspA, although affected by the alarmone guanosine tetraphosphate, ppGpp, worked partly in a similar manner to constitutive promoters. An industrial high cell density fed-batch cultivation on the basis of the suggested fed-batch protocol and the uspA promoter gave a final beta-galatosidase concentration of 7 g/L and a final cell concentration of 65 g/L. The heterogeneity in production of the individual cell was measured by fluorescence microscopy. The data show that there is a process time independent heterogeneity in production, which is suggested to be caused by heterogeneity in the substrate uptake rate of the individual cell.
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| 38. |
- Sahamkhadam, Nasrin, et al.
(författare)
-
Testing the assumptions in the process of cultural competence in the delivery of healthcare services using empirical data, focusing on cultural awareness
- 2023
-
Ingår i: Journal of Transcultural Nursing. - : SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC. - 1043-6596 .- 1552-7832.
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction: Encounters with children of foreign origin call for school nurses' cultural competence during the health visits. This study aimed to investigate the statistical associations between the cultural constructs described by the Process of Cultural Competence in the Delivery of Healthcare Services (PCCDHS) model and whether school nurses' cultural encounters, cultural knowledge, and cultural skill could statistically predict their cultural awareness. Methodology: Spearman correlation and hierarchical regression analyses were conducted using cross-sectional secondary data from 816 Swedish school nurses. The cultural constructs in the theoretical description of the PCCDHS model guided the selection and sorting of the items on cultural competence. Results: The constructs of cultural knowledge, cultural skill, cultural encounters, and cultural awareness were positively correlated with each other. However, becoming culturally aware was not statistically predicted by included cultural constructs (R-2 = 13.4, p = .06). Discussion: Despite the interrelations between the investigated cultural constructs of the PCCDHS model, understanding cultural awareness development requires further empirical testing.
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| 39. |
- Samuelsson, Lena, 1962, et al.
(författare)
-
A genome-wide search for genes predisposing to familial psoriasis by using a stratification approach
- 1999
-
Ingår i: Hum Genet. - 0340-6717 .- 0340-6717. ; 105:6, s. 523-9
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We have performed a genome scan, using markers spaced by 10 cM, in the search for psoriasis-susceptibility loci. The family material of 134 affected sibling pairs was ascertained on the basis of a population genetic study in which 65% of the probands had two healthy parents. Genotyping results were analyzed for non-random excessive allele-sharing between sib pairs by using GENEHUNTER ver 1.1. A stratification approach was applied to increase the homogeneity of the material by means of an operational definition of joint complaints among affected individuals. Significant linkage to the human leukocyte antigen region on chromosome 6p in a cohort including 42 families without joint complaints (nonparametric linkage score of 2.83, P=0.002) strongly supported the validity of this operational definition as it replicated results from an earlier linkage report with similar stratification criteria. New candidate regions on chromosomes 3 and 15 were identified. The highest non-parametric linkage values in this study, 2.96 (P=0.0017) and 2.89 (P=0.0020), were reached on chromosome 15 in a subgroup with joint complaints and on chromosome 3 in a subgroup without joint complaints. In addition, confirmation of previously reported loci was established on chromosomes 4q, 6p, and 17q. This study indicates that distinct disease loci might be involved in psoriasis etiology for various phenotypes.
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Sparring, Vibeke, et al.
(författare)
-
Diabetes duration and health-related quality of life in individuals with onset of diabetes in the age group 15-34 years - a Swedish population-based study using EQ-5D
- 2013
-
Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 13, s. 377-
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: Diabetes with onset in younger ages affects both length of life and health status due to debilitating and life-threatening long-term complications. In addition, episodes and fear of hypoglycaemia and of long-term consequences may have a substantial impact on health status. This study aims to describe and analyse health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in individuals with onset of diabetes at the age of 15-34 years and with a disease duration of 1, 8, 15 and 24 years compared with control individuals matched for age, sex and county of residence. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 839 individuals with diabetes and 1564 control individuals. Data on socioeconomic status and HRQoL using EQ-5D were collected by a postal questionnaire. Insulin treatment was self-reported by 94% of the patients, the majority most likely being type 1. Results: Individuals with diabetes reported lower HRQoL, with a significantly lower mean EQ VAS score in all cohorts of disease duration compared with control individuals for both men and women, and with a significantly lower EQ-5D(index) for women, but not for men, 15 years (0.76, p = 0.022) and 24 years (0.77, p = 0.016) after diagnosis compared with corresponding control individuals. Newly diagnosed individuals with diabetes reported significantly more problems compared with the control individuals in the dimension usual activities (women: 13.2% vs. 4.0%, p = 0.048; men: 11.4% vs. 4.1%, p = 0.033). In the other dimensions, differences between individuals with diabetes and control individuals were found 15 and 24 years after diagnosis: for women in the dimensions mobility, self-care, usual activities and pain/discomfort and for men in the dimension mobility. Multivariable regression analysis showed that diabetes duration, being a woman, having a lower education and not being married or cohabiting had a negative impact on HRQoL. Conclusions: Our study confirms the negative impact of diabetes on HRQoL and that the difference to control individuals increased by disease duration for women with diabetes. The small difference one year after diagnosis could imply a good management of diabetes care and a relatively quick adaptation. Our results also indicate that gender differences still exist in Sweden, despite modern diabetes treatment and management in Sweden.
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| 42. |
- Swanbeck, Gunnar, 1934, et al.
(författare)
-
Age at onset and different types of psoriasis
- 1995
-
Ingår i: Br J Dermatol. ; 133:5, s. 768-73
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The age at onset of psoriasis has been analysed for 11,366 psoriasis patients. The age at onset for siblings of probands has been analysed for 805 probands having one affected sibling and for 179 probands having two affected siblings. The age at onset curve for all probands shows a dominating maximum at about puberty but also indications for two more maxima at about 30 and 50 years of age, respectively. A more relevant picture of the risk of getting psoriasis at different ages is obtained if the onset for old people having psoriasis is investigated. The three maxima come out more clearly in this case, and the puberty maximum is not so dominating. For the families with one proband and two affected siblings there is a statistically significant correlation (P < 0.001) between the age at onset of the proband and of the siblings, and also between the siblings. The correlation coefficient is between 0.30 and 0.45. For the probands with one affected sibling, the ages at onset of the siblings mainly fall in the same range as those of the probands. These data indicate three groups of patients with respect to age at onset. However, the overlap between the different groups is considerable. The data presented are compatible with three, possibly genetically different, variants of psoriasis vulgaris. By studying the occurrence of psoriasis among parents of the probands, the gene frequency can be estimated assuming a recessive mode of inheritance. It then turns out that the gene frequency of the group with the earliest age at onset has a gene frequency of about 0.25, the next earliest, 0.18, and the latest, 0.14.
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| 43. |
- Swanbeck, Gunnar, 1934, et al.
(författare)
-
Genetic counselling in psoriasis: empirical data on psoriasis among first-degree relatives of 3095 psoriatic probands
- 1997
-
Ingår i: Br J Dermatol. ; 137:6, s. 939-42
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The risk of getting psoriasis dependent on the occurrence of psoriasis in the family has been determined empirically. Altogether 3717 families with one or both parents who had psoriasis have been analysed with regard to the number of children with or without psoriasis. The lifetime risk of getting psoriasis if no parent, one parent or both parents have psoriasis is 0.04, 0.28 and 0.65, respectively. If there is already one affected child in the family, the corresponding risks are 0.24, 0.51 and 0.83, respectively. The risk of getting psoriasis before the age of 32 years is dependent on the age-of-onset of psoriasis in one affected parent.
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| 44. |
- Tuiskunen, Anne, et al.
(författare)
-
Phenotypic characterization of patient dengue virus isolates in BALB/c mice differentiates dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever from dengue shock syndrome
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Virology Journal. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1743-422X. ; 8:1
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dengue virus (DENV) infection is the most common arthropod-borne viral disease in man and there are approximately 100 million infections annually. Despite the global burden of DENV infections many important questions regarding DENV pathogenesis remain unaddressed due to the lack of appropriate animal models of infection and disease. A major problem is the fact that no non-human species naturally develop disease similar to human dengue fever (DF) or dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Apart from other risk factors for severe dengue such as host genetics and secondary infection with a heterologous DENV, virus virulence is a risk factor that is not well characterized.
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| 45. |
- Tuiskunen-Bäck, Anne, et al.
(författare)
-
Phenotypic and genotypic characterization of dengue virus isolates differentiates dengue fever and dengue hemorrhagic fever from dengue shock syndrome
- 2011
-
Ingår i: Archives of Virology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0304-8608 .- 1432-8798. ; 156:11, s. 2023-2032
-
Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dengue viruses (DENV) cause 50-100 million cases of acute febrile disease every year, including 500,000 reported cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS). Viral factors have been proposed to influence the severity of the disease, but markers of virulence have never been identified on DENV. Three DENV serotype-1 isolates from the 2007 epidemic in Cambodia that are derived from patients experiencing the various clinical forms of dengue were characterized both phenotypically and genetically. Phenotypic characteristics in vitro, based on replication kinetics in different cell lines and apoptosis response, grouped isolates from DF and DHF patients together, whereas the virus isolate from a DSS patient showed unique features: a lower level of replication in mammalian cells and extensive apoptosis in mosquito cells. Genomic comparison of viruses revealed six unique amino acid residues in the membrane, envelope, and in non-structural genes in the virus isolated from the DSS patient.
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| 46. |
- Wahlström, Emmie, et al.
(författare)
-
Adjusting and doing the same : school nurses’ descriptions of promoting participation in health visits with children of foreign origin
- 2021
-
Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : BioMed Central. - 1471-2458. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: School nurses in the school health services are assigned to promote health and participation among children when conducting health visits. Still, for children of foreign origin this promotion of participation might be hampered by challenges related to cultural diversity and language barriers. Therefore, knowledge needs to be developed regarding how these children’s participation can be promoted, to support them in sharing and describing matters important for their health. The aim was to investigate school nurses’ descriptions of promoting participation for children of foreign origin in health visits.Methods: A content analysis of 673 Swedish school nurses’ answers to eight open-ended questions regarding promotion of participation for children of foreign origin was conducted. The open-ended questions were part of a larger web-based cross-sectional survey distributed to school nurses in Sweden.Results: The results show that school nurses use three main approaches during the health visit: adjusting according to the child’s proficiency in Swedish and/or cultural or national background, adjusting according to the child’s individual needs, and doing the same for all children regardless of their origin. Yet, adjustments according to the child’s proficiency in Swedish and/or cultural or national background were the most common.Conclusions: By combining the approaches of adjusting, a child-centered care that contributes to children’s participation in health visits and equity in health could be provided.
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- Wahlström, Edvin, 1994, et al.
(författare)
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Fixation of the Compressive Dressing for Nipple-areola Complex Graft during Double Incision Chest Contouring Surgery for Assigned-female-at-birth Persons with Diagnosis of Gender Dysphoria: Sutures or Staples?
- 2023
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Ingår i: PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN. - 2169-7574. ; 11:9
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: When transplanting skin grafts, a compressive dressing is usually used to hold the skin graft in place. Dressing fixation can be achieved with either sutures or staples. The purpose of this study was to compare sutures and staples as a method of fixation for the compressive dressings of the nipple-areola complex (NAC) grafts, during double incision chest contouring surgery in assignedfemale-at-birth persons with diagnosis of gender dysphoria. The two methods of fixation were compared according to pain at removal, time consumption, difficulty of removal, costs, and sustainability. Methods: Forty patients were randomized to dressing fixation with either sutures or staples. Timing for dressing fixation during surgery and removing the dressing was measured. Pain during removal was measured using vNRS-11. Difficulty of removal was measured with VAS-100. Costs of materials were compared. Results: All NAC grafts survived, and no complications such as infection or bleeding occurred. Staples were significantly more painful to remove when compared to sutures [mean vNRS-11 2.98 (SD +/- 2.43) versus 1.25 (SD +/- 0.92), P < 0.001]. Fixation with staples was faster than fixation with sutures (5.3 versus 94.6 s). No difference in removal time was found. Nurses found staples easier to remove. Sutures were slightly less costly (18 SEK) compared to staples (30 SEK). Finally, sutures produce less material waste. Conclusion: Being that all other outcomes are similar or insignificant, the lesspain experienced at removal of sutures makes this the preferable method for fixation of the compressive dressing for NAC grafts during double incision chest contouring surgery.
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