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| 3. |
- Holm, Alexander, et al.
(författare)
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Patients' perspective on prostatic artery embolization : A qualitative study
- 2021
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Ingår i: SAGE Open Medicine. - : SAGE Open. - 2050-3121. ; 9, s. 1-6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objectives: The aim was to describe the patients' experience of undergoing prostatic artery embolization.Methods: A retrospective qualitative interview study was undertaken with 15 patients of mean age 73 years who had undergone prostatic artery embolization with a median duration of 210 min at two medium sized hospitals in Sweden. The reasons for conducting prostatic artery embolization were clean intermittent catheterization (n = 4), lower urinary tract symptoms (n = 10) or haematuria (n = 1). Data were collected through individual, semi-structured telephone interviews 1-12 months after treatment and analysed using qualitative content analysis.Results: Four categories with sub-categories were formulated to describe the results: a diverse experience; ability to control the situation; resumption of everyday activities and range of opinions regarding efficacy of outcomes. Overall, the patients described the procedure as painless, easy and interesting and reported that while the procedure can be stressful, a calm atmosphere contributed to achieving a good experience. Limitations on access to reliable information before, during and after the procedure were highlighted as a major issue. Practical ideas for improving patient comfort during the procedure were suggested. Improved communications between treatment staff and patients were also highlighted. Most patients could resume everyday activities, some felt tired and bruising caused unnecessary worry for a few. Regarding functional outcome, some patients described substantial improvement in urine flow while others were satisfied with regaining undisturbed night sleep. Those with less effect were considering transurethral resection of the prostate as a future option. Self-enrolment to the treatment and long median operation time may have influenced the results.Conclusions: From the patients' perspective, prostatic artery embolization is a well-tolerated method for treating benign prostate hyperplacia.
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| 5. |
- Björklund, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Secondary prevention medications after coronary artery bypass grafting and long-term survival : a population-based longitudinal study from the SWEDEHEART registry.
- 2019
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Ingår i: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press. - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 41:17, s. 1653-1661
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- AIMS: To evaluate the long-term use of secondary prevention medications [statins, β-blockers, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) inhibitors, and platelet inhibitors] after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and the association between medication use and mortality.METHODS AND RESULTS: All patients who underwent isolated CABG in Sweden from 2006 to 2015 and survived at least 6 months after discharge were included (n = 28 812). Individual patient data from SWEDEHEART and other mandatory nationwide registries were merged. Multivariable Cox regression models using time-updated data on dispensed prescriptions were used to assess associations between medication use and long-term mortality. Statins were dispensed to 93.9% of the patients 6 months after discharge and to 77.3% 8 years later. Corresponding figures for β-blockers were 91.0% and 76.4%, for RAAS inhibitors 72.9% and 65.9%, and for platelet inhibitors 93.0% and 79.8%. All medications were dispensed less often to patients ≥75 years. Treatment with statins [hazard ratio (HR) 0.56, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.52-0.60], RAAS inhibitors (HR 0.78, 95% CI 0.73-0.84), and platelet inhibitors (HR 0.74, 95% CI 0.69-0.81) were individually associated with lower mortality risk after adjustment for age, gender, comorbidities, and use of other secondary preventive drugs (all P < 0.001). There was no association between β-blockers and mortality risk (HR 0.97, 95% CI 0.90-1.06; P = 0.54).CONCLUSION: The use of secondary prevention medications after CABG was high early after surgery but decreased significantly over time. The results of this observational study, with inherent risk of selection bias, suggest that treatment with statins, RAAS inhibitors, and platelet inhibitors is essential after CABG whereas the routine use of β-blockers may be questioned.
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| 6. |
- Forsberg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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System for in situ studies of atmospheric corrosion of metal films using soft x-ray spectroscopy and quartz crystal microbalance
- 2007
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Ingår i: Review of Scientific Instruments. - : AIP Publishing. - 0034-6748 .- 1089-7623. ; 78:8
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We present a versatile chamber (atmospheric corrosion cell) for soft x-ray absorption/emission spectroscopy of metal surfaces in a corrosive atmosphere allowing novel in situ electronic structure studies. Synchrotron x rays passing through a thin window separating the corrosion cell interior from a beamline vacuum chamber probe a metal film deposited on a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) or on the inside of the window. We present some initial results on chloride induced corrosion of iron surfaces in humidified synthetic air. By simultaneous recording of QCM signal and soft x-ray emission from the corroding sample, correlation between mass changes and variations in spectral features is facilitated.
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| 7. |
- Hedberg, Yolanda, et al.
(författare)
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Chromium-protein complexation studies by adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry and MALDI-TOF-MS
- 2012
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0021-891X .- 1572-8838. ; 42:5, s. 349-358
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A methodology using stripping voltammetry has been elaborated to enable sensitive and reliable protein-chromium complexation measurements. Disturbing effects caused by adsorption of proteins on the mercury electrode were addressed. At low concentrations of proteins (< 60-85 nM), chromium-protein complexation measurements were possible. Chromium(VI) complexation was quantitatively determined using differently sized, charged, and structured proteins: serum albumin (human and bovine), lysozyme, and mucin. Generated results showed a strong relation between complexation and protein size, concentration, and the number of amino acids per protein mass. Complexation increased nonlinearly with increasing protein concentrations. The nature of this complexation was based on weak interactions judged from combined results with MALDI-TOF-MS and adsorptive cathodic stripping voltammetry.
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| 8. |
- Janssen, Mathias, 1973, et al.
(författare)
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Life cycle assessment of lignin-based carbon fibres
- 2019
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Ingår i: 14th Conference on sustainable development of energy, water and environment systems.
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Konferensbidrag (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Lignin-based carbon fibres may replace both glass fibres and fossil-based carbon fibres. The objective of this study was to determine the environmental impact of the production of lignin-based carbon fibres using life cycle assessment. The life cycle assessment was done from cradle to gate and followed an attributional approach. The climate impact per kg of lignin- based carbon fibres produced was 1.50 kg CO2,eq. In comparison to glass fibres, the climate impact was reduced by 32% and the climate impact of fossil-based carbon fibres was an order of magnitude higher. A prospective analysis, in which the background energy system was cleaner, showed that the environmental impact of lignin-based carbon fibres will decrease and outperform the glass fibres and fossil-based carbon fibres from a climate impact point-of-view. The constructed LCA model can be applied in further studies of products that consist of or use lignin-based carbon fibres.
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| 10. |
- Nilsson, Tobias S, et al.
(författare)
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Hemofiltration in exvivo lung perfusion-a study in experimentally induced pulmonary edema.
- 2016
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Ingår i: The Journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery. - : Elsevier BV. - 1097-685X .- 0022-5223. ; 151:2, s. 570-75
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exvivo lung perfusion (EVLP) can potentially reduce pulmonary edema. In a pig model with induced pulmonary edema, we evaluated the effect of hemofiltration (HF) during EVLP on lung function, perfusate oncotic pressure, and lung weight.
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| 11. |
- Peterson, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Chemical Recycling of a Textile Blend from Polyester and Viscose, Part I : Process Description, Characterization, and Utilization of the Recycled Cellulose
- 2022
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Ingår i: Sustainability. - : MDPI. - 2071-1050. ; 14:12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Material recycling requires solutions that are technically, as well as economically and ecologically, viable. In this work, the technical feasibility to separate textile blends of viscose and polyester using alkaline hydrolysis is demonstrated. Polyester is depolymerized into the monomer terephthalic acid at high yields, while viscose is recovered in a polymeric form. After the alkaline treatment, the intrinsic viscosity of cellulose is decreased by up to 35%, which means it may not be suitable for conventional fiber-to-fiber recycling; however, it might be attractive in other technologies, such as emerging fiber processes, or as raw material for sugar platforms. Further, we present an upscaled industrial process layout, which is used to pinpoint the areas of the proposed process that require further optimization. The NaOH economy is identified as the key to an economically viable process, and several recommendations are given to decrease the consumption of NaOH. To further enhance the ecological end economic feasibility of the process, an increased hydrolysis rate and integration with a pulp mill are suggested.
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| 12. |
- Sallander, Jessica, et al.
(författare)
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Structural determinants of subtype selectivity and functional activity of angiotensin II receptors
- 2016
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Ingår i: Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. - : Elsevier BV. - 0960-894X .- 1464-3405. ; 26:4, s. 1355-1359
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Agonists of the angiotensin II receptor type 2 (AT(2)), a G-protein coupled receptor, promote tissue protective effects in cardiovascular and renal diseases, while antagonists reduce neuropathic pain. We here report detailed molecular models that explain the AT(2) receptor selectivity of our recent series of non-peptide ligands. In addition, minor structural changes of these ligands that provoke different functional activity are rationalized at a molecular level, and related to the selectivity for the different receptor conformations. These findings should pave the way to structure based drug discovery of AT(2) receptor ligands.
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| 13. |
- Wallgren, Sara, et al.
(författare)
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A single sequential snake saphenous vein graft versus separate left and right vein grafts in coronary artery bypass surgery: a population-based cohort study from the SWEDEHEART registry
- 2019
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Ingår i: European journal of cardio-thoracic surgery : official journal of the European Association for Cardio-thoracic Surgery. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1873-734X. ; 56:3, s. 518-525
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Our goal was to compare short- and midterm outcomes after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) using 2 different revascularization strategies.A total of 6895 patients were included who had CABG in Sweden from 2009 to 2015 using the left internal mammary artery to the left anterior descending artery and either a single sequential saphenous vein graft connecting the left and right coronary territories to the aorta (snake graft, n=2122) or separate vein grafts to both territories (n=4773). Data were obtained from the Swedish Web System for Enhancement of Evidence-Based Care in Heart Disease Evaluated According to Recommended Therapies (SWEDEHEART) and the Swedish Patient Registry. The groups were compared using adjusted logistic regression for short-term (30-day) and Cox regression and flexible parametric survival models for midterm outcomes. Primary outcome was a composite of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction (MI), reangiography and new revascularization. The median follow-up time was 35months.At 30days, the incidences of the composite end point [odds ratio (OR) 1.31, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.03-1.68; P=0.03] and reangiography (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.07-2.14; P=0.02) were higher in the snake group. There was also a trend towards higher mortality (OR 1.47, 95% CI 0.97-2.22; P=0.07). The event rates during the complete follow-up period were 6.5 (5.9-7.2) and 5.7 (5.3-6.1) per 100 person-years for the snake group and the separate vein group, respectively. At the midterm follow-up, no significant difference between the groups could be shown for the composite end point [hazard ratio (HR) 1.08, 95% CI 0.95-1.22; P=0.24], mortality (HR 0.95, 95% CI 0.79-1.14; P=0.56), MI (HR 1.11, 95% CI 0.88-1.41; P=0.39) or new revascularization (HR 1.19, 95% CI 0.94-1.50; P=0.15), whereas reangiography remained more common in the snake group (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.05-1.48; P=0.01).Snake grafts were associated with a higher rate of early postoperative complications, possibly reflecting a more demanding surgical technique, whereas midterm outcomes were comparable. Based on these data, one strategy cannot be recommended over the other.
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| 14. |
- Wallinder, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Dynamic modelling of a kraft pulp mill producing softwood and hardwood pulp in campaigns
- 2018
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Ingår i: Pulping Engineering and Environmental Recycling Sustainability Conference, PEERS 2018: Technical Solutions for Today and Beyond. - 9781510874695 ; , s. 673-683
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)abstract
- Pulp mills producing hardwood and softwood pulp in campaigns have constantly changing process stream compositions. There is aneed to know how these variations develop during the campaigns and that was the objective of this study. A dynamic model, built in the simulation program WinGEMS, has been created by including tanks and reactors with known residence times. A case with a mill producing softwood and hardwood pulp in campaigns has been designed and studied. Some of the studied parameters were white liquor concentration, recovery boiler load and composition of weak black liquor. The dynamic changes of these parameters were not unexpected; however, the time responses and magnitude of these changes were of bigger interest. For instance, it took a little more than 3 days, from the start of a new campaign, to totally replace the weak black liquor from one wood species with the other. In order to interpret results successfully, it was necessary to be aware of the residence time between certain positions in the pulp mill model.
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| 15. |
- Wang, Xuying, et al.
(författare)
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Bioaccessibility and reactivity of alloy powders used in powder bed fusion additive manufacturing
- 2021
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Ingår i: Materialia. - : Elsevier. - 2589-1529. ; 19, s. 1-10
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Exposure to metal particles via the inhalation route unavoidably takes place at occupational settings during additive manufacturing of metals and alloys. This calls for investigations on possible adverse health effects. This study focuses on virgin and reused powders of three iron- and nickel-based alloy powders (316L, IN718, 18Ni300) widely used in additive manufacturing, and dust powder of 18Ni300 generated during laser melting. Investigations were performed from a physico-chemical and toxicological perspective assessing their bioaccessibility in artificial lysosomal fluid (ALF, simulating lung exposure to respirable particles), corrosion behavior, surface morphology and composition, microstructure, hydrodynamic size distribution in ALF, and in-vitro toxicity towards cultured human lung cells. Less than 1 % of the powder mass was dissolved from the passive alloys (316L, IN718) under simulated physiological conditions (pH 4.5, 37°C, 24 h), whereas the 18Ni300 iron-nickel alloy showed an active behavior and dissolved completely. Reused powders of 18Ni300 and IN718 showed no, or only minor, differences in surface oxide composition, metal release pattern, and corrosion behavior compared with virgin powders. After reuse, the 316L powder showed an enrichment of manganese within the outermost surface, an increased corrosion current, increased amounts of released iron and an increased fraction of particles with ferritic microstructure, which increased the extent of particle aggregation. All powders showed low, or negligible, cytotoxic potency and reactive oxygen species formation. Powder bed fusion using laser melting can hence affect the chemical, physical, and surface properties of non-fused powders, which, if reused, could influence the properties of the printed part.
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| 16. |
- Wannberg, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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One-Pot, Two-Step, Microwave-Assisted Palladium-Catalyzed Conversion of Aryl Alcohols to Aryl Fluorides via Aryl Nonaflates
- 2013
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Ingår i: Journal of Organic Chemistry. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 0022-3263 .- 1520-6904. ; 78:8, s. 4184-4189
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A convenient procedure for converting aryl alcohols to aryl fluorides via aryl nonafluorobutylsulfonates (ArONf) is presented. Moderate to good one-pot, two-step yields were achieved by this nonaflation and microwave-assisted, palladium-catalyzed fluorination sequence. The reductive elimination step was investigated by DFT calculations to compare fluorination with chlorination, proving a larger thermodynamic driving force for the aryl fluoride product. Finally, a key aryl fluoride intermediate for the synthesis of a potent HCV NS3 protease inhibitor was smoothly prepared with the novel protocol.
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