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- Jiang, Jingxiong, et al.
(author)
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Relationship of parental characteristics and feeding practices to overweight in infants and young children in Beijing, China
- 2009
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In: Public Health Nutrition. - 1368-9800 .- 1475-2727. ; 12:7, s. 973-978
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Childhood obesity has become a major public health problem in many countries. To explore the risk factors of overweight in infants and young children might be helpful in developing an early overweight intervention strategy. Objective To assess the prevalence of overweight and the relationship of parental characteristics and feeding practices to overweight in infants and young children in Beijing, China. Design Data on weight and length/height were collected on 4654 children aged 1–35 months in twelve communities in Beijing from a cross-sectional study. Overweight was defined as weight-for-length/height ≥2sd above the median of the WHO reference. Two hundred and fifteen families with overweight children and 215 families with normal-weight children were interviewed using a questionnaire to obtain feeding practices. Results The overall prevalence of overweight was 4·7 %. Both parental overweight and low parental education were significantly higher among overweight than normal-weight children. The total energy intake was significantly higher in overweight than in normal-weight children at 12–35 months of age. Compared with normal-weight children, significantly fewer overweight children were breast-fed for at least 4 months. Overweight children were also more likely to have been introduced to infant formula and semi-solid foods during the first 4 months. Conclusion Early prevention strategies should include feeding practices identified as putting children at risk of obesity. These include early cessation of breast-feeding and premature introduction of other foods.
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| 2. |
- Jingxiong, Jiang, et al.
(author)
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Influence of grandparents on eating behaviors of young children in Chinese three-generation families
- 2007
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In: Appetite. - : Elsevier BV. - 0195-6663 .- 1095-8304. ; 48:3, s. 377-83
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: To investigate how grandparents influence their young grandchildren's eating behaviors in Chinese three-generation families. Methods: This qualitative study used semi-structured in-depth interviews with 12 parents (3 male and 9 female) and 11 grandparents (4 male and 7 female) in Beijing, China. Results: Three domains emerged in this study: (1) grandparents were the primary caretakers of children in the three-generation families. They played an important role in planning and cooking family meals; (2) grandparents' attitudes influenced young children's nutrition and eating habits. They held the belief that children being heavy at a young age would assure that they had a good nutrition status and would become tall in the future. They showed a tendency towards urging the children to eat more meals and larger portions at served meals; (3) grandparents used food as an educational and emotional tool. They shaped the behavior of their grandchildren and expressed love and caring through food. Conclusions: Grandparents were dominant in shaping children's eating behavior in some three-generation families in Chinese urban areas. Nutrition education involving grandparents is a potential framework for developing a healthy dietary behavior in young children.
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| 3. |
- Klopotek, Grzegorz, 1990, et al.
(author)
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Results from the VLBI Analysis Software Comparison Campaign 2015
- 2016
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In: IVS 2016 General Meeting Proceedings "New Horizons with VGOS". Edited by Dirk Behrend, Karen D. Baver, and Kyla L. Armstrong, NASA/CP-2016-219016. ; , s. 203-207
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The aim of the VLBI Analysis Software Comparison Campaign 2015 (VASCC2015) was to compare differentVLBI analysis software packages on the basis of computed theoretical delays. Eleven research groups and institutes participated in this project which allowed us to compare software packages that are used in operational VLBI analyses or that are still under development. We present the first results and we show how well the individual software packages agree at this stage.
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| 4. |
- Lee, Chunsik, et al.
(author)
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VEGF-B prevents excessive angiogenesis by inhibiting FGF2/FGFR1 pathway
- 2023
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In: SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION AND TARGETED THERAPY. - : SPRINGERNATURE. - 2095-9907 .- 2059-3635. ; 8:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Although VEGF-B was discovered as a VEGF-A homolog a long time ago, the angiogenic effect of VEGF-B remains poorly understood with limited and diverse findings from different groups. Notwithstanding, drugs that inhibit VEGF-B together with other VEGF family members are being used to treat patients with various neovascular diseases. It is therefore critical to have a better understanding of the angiogenic effect of VEGF-B and the underlying mechanisms. Using comprehensive in vitro and in vivo methods and models, we reveal here for the first time an unexpected and surprising function of VEGF-B as an endogenous inhibitor of angiogenesis by inhibiting the FGF2/FGFR1 pathway when the latter is abundantly expressed. Mechanistically, we unveil that VEGF-B binds to FGFR1, induces FGFR1/VEGFR1 complex formation, and suppresses FGF2-induced Erk activation, and inhibits FGF2-driven angiogenesis and tumor growth. Our work uncovers a previously unrecognized novel function of VEGF-B in tethering the FGF2/FGFR1 pathway. Given the anti-angiogenic nature of VEGF-B under conditions of high FGF2/FGFR1 levels, caution is warranted when modulating VEGF-B activity to treat neovascular diseases.
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| 5. |
- Nothnagel, Axel, et al.
(author)
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Strategic Plan of the IVS for the Period 2016-2025
- 2016
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In: IVS 2016 General Meeting Proceedings "New Horizons with VGOS". Edited by Dirk Behrend, Karen D. Baver, and Kyla L. Armstrong, NASA/CP-2016-219016, 2016. ; :NASA/CP-2016-219016, s. 3-12
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
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| 6. |
- Xu, Minghui, et al.
(author)
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Baseline Vector Repeatability at the Sub-Millimeter Level Enabled by Radio Interferometer Phase Delays of Intra-Site Baselines
- 2023
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In: Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth. - 2169-9356 .- 2169-9313. ; 128:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report the results of position ties for short baselines at eight geodetic sites based on phase delays that are extracted from global geodetic very-long-baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations rather than dedicated short-baseline experiments. An analysis of phase delay observables at X band from two antennas at the Geodetic Observatory Wettzell, Germany, extracted from 107 global 24-hr VLBI sessions since 2019 yields weighted root-mean-square scatters about the mean baseline vector of 0.3, 0.3, and 0.8 mm in the east, north, and up directions, respectively. Position ties are also obtained for other short baselines between legacy antennas and nearby, newly built antennas. They are critical for maintaining a consistent continuation of the realization of the terrestrial reference frame, especially when including the new VGOS network. The phase delays of the baseline WETTZ13N–WETTZELL enable an investigation of sources of error at the sub-millimeter level. We found that a systematic variation of larger than 1 mm can be introduced to the Up estimates of this baseline vector when atmospheric delays were estimated. Although the sub-millimeter repeatability has been achieved for the baseline vector WETTZ13N–WETTZELL, we conclude that long term monitoring should be conducted for more short baselines to assess the instrumental effects, in particular the systematic differences between phase delays and group delays, and to find common solutions for reducing them. This will be an important step toward the goal of global geodesy at the 1 mm level.
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